Ukrainian History Research Articles

The relevance of studyng the history of Ukraine in institutions of higher education in today's conditions

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for a thorough study of the discipline “History of Ukraine” in Ukrainian universities as a guarantee of strengthening the sense of national dignity and national identity of the Ukrainian people in the conditions of the Ukrainian-Russian war among student youth. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism and scientific objectivism. During the research, universal methods of scientific knowledge (analysis, synthesis, inductive, deductive), as well as special methods of historical research (retrospective, chronological, historical-comparative) were used. Scientific novely. An analysis of the policy of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine aimed at introducing European norms and standards into the national educational sphere was carried out. It is noted that the way to optimize educational programs by reducing the study of socio-humanitarian disciplines does not take into account the national specificity of Ukraine and does not correspond to the current stage of the existence of Ukrainian statehood. It is proved that the study of national history in institutions of higher education should be carried out at a deep theoretical level against the background of the pan-European historical process and be provided with appropriate educational and methodological literature. Conclusions. It is emphasized that in the conditions of a full-scale war unleashed by Russia against Ukraine, deep knowledge of the historical path of our people, the origins of its identity is the basis for the education of patriotism, the formation of a sense of national dignity. The chronological principle of history teaching, characteristic of the school course, does not give an opportunity to see the historical path of our people in perspective, against the background of pan-European processes, to understand the naturalness and inevitability of Ukraine’s European choice. At the current stage of our country’s existence, the return of the discipline “History of Ukraine” to the system of higher education as a mandatory component of educational programs of all specialties is an important task. The teaching of national history in institutions of higher education should be carried out in the context of the pan-European historical process, which requires providing an updated course with appropriate educational and methodological literature.

SPACE-TIME CONTINUUM OF PRZEMYSLAW LIS-MARKIEWICZ’S NOVELS

The work outlines the artistic space-time as an author's model of the world, its main features and functioning in the works of the contemporary Polish writer Przemysław Lis‑Markiewicz. The paradigm of space-time discourse is studied on the basis of the novels "Confession of the Spirit" and "Moskal". The article indicates that the plot of novels by Przemysław Lis‑Markiewicz, which also depict Ukrainian history, unfolds in a linear perspective, each chapter is marked with dates according to the calendar time. The works synthesize calendar, event and perceptual time. The spatial picture of the works is built on open and closed models of the world, macro- and microcosm. The study of the implementation specifics for the concepts of time and space made it possible to point out the relationship between the historical / character chronotope, the role of retrospection and prospection in the novels of the Polish artist. The chronotope of novels is determined by the narrative strategy, the author's intention, and the genre structure. "Confession of the Spirit" is perceived as the author's attempt to understand the formation of personality in the complex period of social and political events of the late 19th – 20th centuries and is defined as a novel-biography. The novel "Moskal" is considered as a synthesis of documentary and psychological, which testified the author's attention to social and political, spiritual problems of a person in a border situation, a historical and political novel. The article traces peculiarities of the artistic interpretation of Ukrainian geographical and cultural spaces, realized in artistic works. The space-time in the author's novels reflects the essence of the spiritual and material world of the inhabitants of the Ukrainian-Polish border, acts as a marker of the identity of the inhabitants of the region, which appears as a certain palimpsest construction, signifying the memory of Ukrainians and Poles, their narratives. In his novels, Przemysław Lis-Markiewicz unfolds the space of Ukraine in the days of wars or political vicissitudes, emphasizing the tragic pages of history.

Transformation of the role of the state in the regulation of economic processes through the prism of modern trends in the development of the world economy

The article aims to analyze the current trends in the development of the world economic system, identify the current risks of its development, and identify the vectors of transformation of the macroeconomic regulation system in the conditions of the departure from the state-centric paradigm. The influence of globalization processes on the mechanisms of regulation of economic processes and changes in the weight and scope of application of traditional macroeconomic policy tools are studied. In the structure of the risks of the development of the world economy, those that have the most significant long-term impact in case of untimely application of corrective strategies are identified, namely the threat of a large-scale debt crisis in developing countries, the risk of non-fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals. An analysis of the conceptual reasons for asymmetric economic development on the global market was carried out. The mutual conditioning of probabilistic events at the meta-level is shown. Based on understanding the mainstream nature of the tendency to move away from the state-centric paradigm, the erosion of national sovereignty and the formation of governmental and non-governmental international organizations of their sovereignty based on the alienation of objects of power from the state were investigated. Examples of the influence of non-state actors on the strategic directions of development of the world community as a whole and the national economic system represented by the Club of Rome and the IMF, are given. Identified factors affecting the country's place in the system of determining trends in geopolitics depend on several factors, including the country's image, the ability to mobilize human and material resources, independence in determining its goals and interests, the state's ability to form effective alliances and coalitions. It illustrated (based on the history of Ukraine's interaction with the IMF) the causes and consequences of the deliberate loss of autonomy and independence regarding decision-making regarding domestic economic policy and transformation into an object of world politics. Keywords: state regulation of the economy, macroeconomic regulation, world economy, globalization, sustainable development, economic policy, international organizations.

Rhythm in Genre Cinema and Cinematic Avant-Garde

The article attempts to outline certain principles and prerequisites for the study of the role of rhythm as the fundamental moment of any film and various approaches (avant-garde and mass cinema) to overcoming, or vice versa, fixation in the film of a given rhythm of the social whole, often associated with and expressed through aspects of industrial production rhythm. General connections between Fordism and classic Hollywood cinema are outlined, as well as between post-Fordism as an economic expression of postmodernism (the cultural logic of late capitalism) and the “cinema of nostalgia” of the 1970s. A comparative study of the approach to the issue of rhythm in the field of the cinematic avant-garde (using the example of the German avant-garde movement of the 1920s (“absolute film”)) and classic genre American cinema is offered. An attempt was made to connect the approach to the rhythm of the cinematic narrative in the film La Palisiada (1923, directed by Philip Sotnychenko) with the above-mentioned moments of the history of cinema, understanding La Palisiada as, at the same time, a study of rhythm and a study of modes of perception of the 1990s years in the current Ukrainian society. It is argued that the research in the realm of rhythm and the nostalgic orientation of films (including La Palisiada) can be closely related manifestations of the same deeply-rooted process — nostalgia for a different rhythm of the social whole, given in this particular case as the 1990s of Ukrainian history

Ukrainian Scenography at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Algorithms of Existence—Essential Meanings

The article identifies the main trends in the development of Ukrainian scenography of the beginning of the 21st century, which are implemented by th artists of the national theatre in the complex reality and historical contexts. The author analyses aspects of psychological reformatting of Ukrainian scenography, the artists’ creative guidelines reevaluation under the influence of war and their ability to fully implement their ideas in the formats of theatrical performances, in the space of exhibition projects, installation performance practices formats, in easel works and teaching. The paper studies the projects’ conceptual characteristics and targets of Mariya Levytska, Andrii Aleksandrovych-Dochevskyi, Lyudmila Nagorna, Sergiy and Natalya Rydvanetskis, Bogdan Polishchuk, Inessa Kulchytska, Oleg Tatarynov, Yulia Zaulichana, Olesya Holovach, Olena Polishchuk, and other artists. The author defines the theatre artists’ positions in critical moments of Ukrainian history, identifies the figurative characteristics of the participants’ project installations as manifestations of the artists’ style and the phenomenon of artistic response to the Russian-Ukrainian war and analyses the main participants’ features of the creative development in artistic processes and their role in the evolution of scenography culture in Ukraine. Highlighted is the extraordinary role of theatre artists of the early 21st century as the successors of the national scenography school leading development concepts, in whose creative projects national consciousness is manifested and clearly defined constantly gravitating towards European values.

Духовна просвіта та імперські наративи: українська минувшина у дзеркалі єпархіальних журналів другої половини ХІХ ст.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the role of Orthodox spiritual journals of the second half of the 19th century in the spread of imperial narratives about the history of Ukraine. The research is aimed at determining the mutual influence of the publications of ecclesiastical diocesan publications with the state ideology, as well as analyzing the connection of these publications with the modern propaganda of the Kremlin and the Russian Orthodox Church against Ukraine. The methodological principles. Based on the analysis of historical literature and the source base, the article’s author used the methods of historical analysis and synthesis to examine the imperial narratives in the Orthodox spiritual journals of the period under study. The research also uses the comparative method and the method of systematic analysis to study the topics of publications of magazines of individual dioceses, as well as to determine the influence of the views of pre-revolutionary Orthodox publicists on the modern narratives of the Russian Orthodox Church regarding Ukraine. The scientific novelty of this topic is based on an attempt to analyze the variability of the thematic spectrum of historical publications issued in various diocesan journals and on revealing views on interfaith relations in the historical retrospective of Orthodox authors and determining the influence of these views on the beliefs of the hierarchs of the modern Russian Orthodox Church. Conclusions. The authors analyzed the topics of historical publications issued in the unofficial part of diocesan journals in the territory of the Russian Ukraine and the Cholm-Warsaw diocese. Interrelationships and regional differences of imperial narratives in Orthodox diocesan journals were traced. The role of diocesan information in relaying these narratives, as well as their reflection in modern Kremlin propaganda against Ukraine, is highlighted. It is asserted that the diocesan Orthodox publishing houses of the second half of the 19th century played an important role in forming the Russian imperial vision of the past of Ukrainian lands. The study revealed their role in the spread of numerous regional variants of imperial propaganda. The indirect influence of these narratives on Ukrainian national historiography is noted, and the need to distance themselves from them for a better study of the past and opposition to Russian propaganda is specified.

Професор Олександр Комарніцький: вражаючі досягнення талановитого історика, краєзнавця, педагога (до 50-річчя від дня народження та 25-річчя педагогічної та науково-педагогічної діяльності)

Modern Ukrainian historical science and national university education periodically undergo changes in their personnel as an important condition for renewal, improvement, and progress. The reproduction of scientists takes place at the highest level every time, considering modern requirements, advanced national and world practices, and the quality of training. It is important that this process leads to the emergence of a cohort of bright, talented, generally powerful, and patriotic personalities capable of ensuring the development of national industries in accordance with world trends. Fresh scientific and teaching forces from time to time replenish their structures practically throughout Ukraine, enrich their worldview and practical activities, and receive fair recognition at the level of their collectives; that is why it is so important to know and popularize their experience to take into account in the training of the next generations of scientific and teaching personnel, which will guarantee the necessary progress. The purpose of the article is a complete and extensive biographical essay about the formation of a personality, multifaceted scientific-pedagogical, administrative and public activities of the well-known Ukrainian historian, local historian, organizer of scientific research in the section of the Faculty of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Oleksandr Borysovych Komarnitskyi, who is an example of faithful service to Ukrainian historical science, local history, as well as the training of highly qualified pedagogical and scientific personnel for our country. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of historicism, objectivity, comprehensiveness, and systematicity. They are implemented by applying such research methods as analytical, synthetic, descriptive, chronological, biographical, synchronous, diachronic, and others. The scientific novelty of the work lies in presenting for the first time the main stages of the life and professional journey of the well-known historian, professor, and public figure O.B. Komarnitskyi, their most significant results and achievements, which are important for understanding the personality of the scientist, his role in the development of the scientific and pedagogical team of the faculty, as well as the possible consideration of this accumulated experience in the process of training the next, patriotically minded, generations of teachers, scientists, and local historians. Conclusions. The personality of the well-known scientist-historian, professor O.B. Komarnitskyi, was formed and improved over a long period of time in fairly favorable family, school, industrial, and university conditions, among which the home, school, and university upbringing, extremely positive moral and psychological climate and high-quality professional level in the workforce of Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University. Decisive in this process was great organization, diligence, purposefulness, and perseverance of the student, and therefore of the young scientist, his mentors’ professional efforts, and the university management’s help. The impressive achievements of the scientist not only contributed immensely to various components of Ukrainian historical science, local studies, and the improvement of the practice of training national personnel but also revealed new facets of his talent, opportunities, and prospects for even greater creative self-realization, became an undeniable example for talented youth to follow.

Нереалізовані видавничі проєкти Українського Генеалогічного і Гераль дичного Товариства

The purpose of the research is determined by the necessity to identify, research, and analyze unrealized publishing projects of the Ukrainian Genealogical and Heraldic Society, which was created and operated in the environment of Ukrainian scientific emigration: "Scientific Collection of Works" and "Bibliographic Index of Ukrainian Emblematics". The research methodology is based on the principles of historicity, objectivity, systematicity, and scientificity. The research used general scientific (analysis and synthesis, classification) and historical (problematic-historical, comparative, chronological) methods. The scientific novelty is that for the first time unrealized publishing projects of the Ukrainian Genealogical and Heraldic Society, which could have an impact on the development of contemporary Ukrainian heraldry, genealogy, sphragistics, and vexillology, will be highlighted. Conclusions. Among the many tasks of the Ukrainian Genealogical and Heraldic Society were publishing projects, the implementation of which directly depended on the financial situation. Although the necessary materials were collected for the "Scientific Collection of Works", it was never published. Because of this, part of these texts were published on the pages of the UHA edition of The Ukrainian Historian journal. During 1969-1971, the Society began work on the preparation of the publication "Bibliographic Index of Ukrainian Emblems", which was supposed to contain more than 1,000 items of literature. However, only eight issues were published in a limited edition for members of the Society, which are of great importance today, because they systematized information on scientific works and research in the field of Ukrainian heraldry, sphragistics, vexillology, and numismatics for the first time. The unrealized publishing projects of the Society testified to objective problems that prevented historical science in the diaspora from developing to its full potential. Today, the analysis of the scientific and publishing activities of the Society and the republishing of individual works of the Society’s members is of great importance for Ukrainian heraldry and genealogy.

THE IMPACT OF INFLATION TARGETING ON ENSURING ECONOMIC STABILITY

The article provides an analysis of the dynamics of changes in the monetary policy of modern Ukraine. The importance of inflation targeting in the history of Ukraine is global and significant. At this stage, Ukraine uses a managed exchange rate flexibility regime, which is a direct descendant of the exchange rate targeting regime, but this solution is only temporary. In the future, it is the regime built on inflation that will play a key role in the development of a prosperous Ukraine, being the main policy of the National Bank of Ukraine, but the significance of this process is somewhat lost against the background of the country’s socio-economic transformations, which only emphasizes the significance of this analysis. The return to this regime must be gradual and with the rejection of the exchange rate fixation, even in a flexible form, which seems impossible today. Despite this, such a refusal is part of the central bank’s strategy, so it is extremely important to focus attention and analyze such a transition.

The first Ukrainian-American Olympic in 1936 in Philadelphia: memories of the organizers and participants

In the scientific study, an analysis and an attempt to make up for the historically lost time and at least partially return to us the real Ukrainian history of sports and the Olympic movement are carried out. Currently, many pages of the history of Ukrainian sports remain little known. One of them is sports competitions of the Ukrainian diaspora. Their organization required significant efforts, the involvement of specialists, well-known sports and public figures, representatives of state authorities, etc. The symbolic combination of the Olympics of the Ukrainian diaspora with the Olympic Games contributed to the development of the Ukrainian sports and Olympic movement abroad. In September 1936, a grand event in the life of the Ukrainian and American community took place in Philadelphia (USA) - the First Ukrainian-American Olympics or the «First Ukrainian National Games» under the patronage of Ukrainian-American organizations of the city of Philadelphia together with the Ukrainian Catholic League and the American Athletic Union.

Artistic transformations of the image of father in the Ukrainian cinema during the Stalinist era

The purpose of the article is to study the peculiarities of artistic interpretations of the image of father in Ukrainian cinema during the Stalinist era, with special attention to the socio-cultural and political factors of the period, which fundamentally influenced the trends in the interpretations of the screen image of father.
 The methodology. On the example of the films “Ivan” (1932), “Wonderful Garden” (1935), “Aerograd” (1935), “Guerillas in the steps of Ukraine” (1942), “Third strike” (1948) historical factors were analyzed that fundamentally determined the peculiarities of the screen character of father during the years of Soviet repressions. In the article, a definition of the concept of paternalism in the context of the theory of law and statecraft is provided. Also in the article Ukrainian films of the Stalinist era were studied, in which the paternal concept “The state is father of its citizens” was fully manifested. Socio-cultural analysis of films, in which the figure of the genetic father was relegated to the background by Soviet ideology, and the role of the main educator of children was taken over by representatives of the Russian imperial authorities, was carried out. The paternal figure is considered in the broadest symbolic context — when the paternal role for a citizens can be played by an entire social institution or the apparatus of state power.
 The results. The period of Joseph Stalin turned out to be one of the most difficult in Ukrainian history. In those years, the Ukrainian nation faced numerous political cataclysms: industrialization, the Holodomor, deportation to remote regions of the USSR, repressions and World War II. However, the cinematography presented a completely transformed picture of reality, according to which the Bolshevik government was a kind and caring father for Ukrainians, but not a cruel tyrant. Nevertheless, even in such a tragic historical period, national directors were able to reflect in propagandistic films the longing of Ukrainian society for the traditional family system, and by biological parents in particular.
 The scientific novelty. The main attention is focused on the essential characteristics of the archetypal image of father and it makes it possible to analyze many Ukrainian classic films in a new scientific context.
 The practical significance. The article can contribute to further research in the field of several humanitarian disciplines: film studies, cultural studies, art studies, sociology and History of Ukraine.

Mykola Makarenko ir Mariupolio neolitinis kapinynas. Tragiškas ukrainiečio archeologo ir vietovės likimas

Mariupol Neolithic burial site, unique by its exclusive rich and diversiform inventory, was excavated by Ukrainian archaeologist and art critic Mykola Makarenko in 1930. The author of the excavations was executed by Soviet punitive authorities. The top-level and highly informative publication of the materials on the cemetery, made in 1933, was confiscated. Part of the burial inventory was taken to Russia. Anthropological materials were destroyed during World War II.The tragedy of Mariupol Cemetery continued in 2022. This was the year which became the tragedy in the history of Ukraine and inherently influenced the history of Europe. The Ukrainian people, the Ukrainian nature, and the Ukrainian culture suffered irretrievable losses. So did Ukrainian archaeology.Hundreds of archaeological sites in the war zone, in the zone of occupation and in the annexed territories were completely destroyed or irreparably damaged. Among them, there were the scant surviving artifacts from Mariupol Cemetery.This article is devoted to the history of excavations of Mariupol Burial Complex and the tragic fate of the collection of artifacts.

FROM THE HISTORY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DISCIPLINE «THE HISTORY OF UKRAINE» IN UNIVERSITIES OF THE USSR IN THE 1930S: METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT

The article examines the evolution of Soviet state policy in the field of higher historical education in the Ukrainian SSR in the 1930s on the basis of a previously unpublished archival document introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. On the basis of archival and published sources, the political, social and methodological conditions for the introduction of the discipline “History of Ukraine” are presented in the higher school of the Ukrainian SSR. The influence of the dynamics of the political development of the state on the theory and practice of studying the history of Ukraine is demonstrated. The ideological, political and methodological reasons that led to the introduction of the history of Ukraine as a special course are analyzed. The historical subjects of the discipline «The History of Ukraine” were primarily designed to illustrate the political, social and economic phenomena of the past for the benefit of the current modern events of the young socialist state. The main attention is paid to the consideration and analysis of the methodical aspect of the implemented discipline. The process of restoration of traditional forms and methods of teaching the historical discipline in universities was followed, which was accompanied by an increase in the role of the teacher in the educational process. The measures of the party-state leadership aimed at introducing the discipline «The History of Ukraine” in higher historical education are traced. It is noted that as a result of the long-term work of a large team of scientists, a curriculum was developed, which became a historical narrative in which the official position of the authorities on the main issues of national history was recorded, and at the same time an official reference point for scientists, teachers, educators, political workers, cultural figures. The documentary supplement contains the program on the history of Ukraine for the first year of teachers’ institutes for the summer session of 1938, the level of representativeness and archeographic elaboration of which is quite high, which in total significantly increases the scientific level of the factual basis of the conducted research.

Karta z dziejów dziewiętnastowiecznych stosunków polsko-ukraińskich: Włodzimierz Wysocki dla Wołodymyra Antonowycza – słowa uznania Polaka dla Ukraińca

This publication presents for the first time Włodzimierz Wysocki’s poetry dedicated to Volodymyr Antonovych, along with a discussion of the poem’s creation and content. A toast by Włodzimierz Wysocki, a Polish poet-positivist and a proponent of the “Ukrainian school” of Polish Romanticism, living in Kyiv, celebrates the 25th anniversary of the scientific work of the prominent Ukrainian historian and University of Kyiv professor, Volodymyr Antonovych, and presents the author’s concerns. It attempts to uncover the roots of these suspicious relations, establish mutual understanding, and eliminate hatred. Thus, Wysocki’s work forms a significant chapter in the history of Polish-Ukrainian relations.

Russian aggression in cyberspace as a threat to the national security of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the analysis of Russian aggression in cyberspace. The history of Ukraine's cyber war with the Russian Federation is highlighted, its features and stages are defined. The legislation of Ukraine in the sphere of ensuring cyber security has been analyzed. Proposals were made regarding the directions of reforming the security and defense sector in this area, as well as the implementation of legislative initiatives in the field of countering cyber attacks. The need for the creation and functioning of cyber troops as part of the Armed Forces of Ukraine was emphasized.

“Spiritual Armour”: Crafting Ukrainian Identity through Vyshyvanka

The brightly coloured and delicately detailed “vyshyvanka”, the traditional Ukrainian embroidered shirt, has long been a marker of Ukrainian ethnic and cultural identity. In recent years in particular, the vyshyvanka has become an internationally recognized symbol of “Ukrainianness”; and yet despite its importance in Ukrainian identity-building and independence movements, remarkably little scholarship exists on this topic. This lack of academic engagement stems in part from twin forms of domination – colonial domination and gendered domination. Ukrainian history has often been overshadowed by Russo-centrism, while the significance of handicrafts practices such as embroidery has been dismissed because of their association with femininity and “women’s work”. Yet the sheer number of digital images of vyshyvanka and the proliferation of vyshyvanka-related designs in light of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, make this a topic worthy of our attention. In this article, I explore how and why the uses of vyshyvanka have evolved over time, charting differences in how the vyshyvanka has been depicted, and used, both by Ukrainians and by those seeking to denigrate or deny the existence of the Ukrainian nation. I focus in particular on the explosion of digital images featuring the vyshyvanka, which have been circulating since the Euromaidan of 2013-14, and on the history of the creation of World Vyshyvanka Day, now celebrated on the third Thursday of May and serving as a vehicle for mobilizing solidarity with Ukraine from Taiwan to the UK to Israel.

Prvá svetová vojna a Ukrajina : transnacionálna perspektíva

The article deals with the prospects of research of history of Ukraine throughout the years of the First World War from the perspective of transnational aspect. This educational approach has been a dominant one in Western historical study nowadays. However, in Ukrainian historiography, it has not received such popularity and influence yet. The author tries to demonstrate research prospects of usage of several scientific achievements of Western historians, depicting the connection with Ukraine in the First World War. In particular, this is the Ukrainian issue in international relations in 1914–1918, the history of Ukrainian cities during the First World War, the refugees from Ukrainian lands, violence during the War period 1914–1918, propaganda. On the one hand, these particular stories and plots from the War time show us the need of additional educational investigations done by Ukrainian historians. On the other hand, they convincingly demonstrate the value of Ukrainian narrative of the Great War, that significantly complements transnational history of this global confrontation since the beginning of the last century. Moreover, it outlines the potential perspective of a large-scale scientific project, namely – the rethinking of Eastern European history of the First World War, where the scientists from European countries would be involved.

Excursionism: kamianets-podilskyi as an object of tourist interest

Kamianets-Podilskyi is due to several key aspects: historical and cultural heritage, development of tourist routes, educational component, promotion of the region, ecological tourism, socio-economic development. The Kamianets-Podilskyi fortress has witnessed numerous historical events that influenced the formation of Ukrainian statehood. Today, the fortress is a popular tourist attraction that contributes to the development of the local economy and the popularisation of Ukrainian history. Studying the Kamianets-Podilskyi Fortress in the course of excursion studies not only enriches knowledge about history and architecture, but also helps to develop skills in organising excursions.

Наукова творчість професора Сергія Копилова: віхи, напрями досліджень, надбання (До 60-річчя від дня народження)

The article aims to clarify the formation of Professor Serhii Kopylov's personality as a talented scientist, his multifaceted scientific work, and its significance in Ukrainian historiography in the study of the problems of historiography, source studies, biography, philocarty, and local history. The methodological basis of the study consists of the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity, and comprehensiveness, as well as the ideas of the schools of Annals, New Social History, and the genius of A.D. Toynbee. The research methods used include the following: comparative-historical analysis, logical analysis, prospective analysis, chronological analysis, narrative analysis, scientific source criticism, periodization, and actualization. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt, made for the first time in historiography, to analyze the main areas of the scientist's research and, on this basis, to reconstruct a comprehensive picture of his scientific work and to determine its scientific value. Conclusions. The analysis of Serhii Kopylov's work has given grounds to distinguish the following four stages: Stage 1 (1963-1985) - the genesis of the personality traits of an intellectual from childhood to the end of his studies at the Faculty of History of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv and his first steps in the field of historical research. His thesis became his first notable success in student research: it won first place in competitions of student research papers in the fields of history and later humanities, for which he was awarded a gold medal in 1986 by the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR; the formation of professional skills characterized the 2nd period (1985-1997). This period was characterized by the formation of professional competencies of a historian-scientist (completion of postgraduate studies, defense of the PhD thesis at the end of 1988) and refocusing scientific interests from the study of Bulgarian studies to the problems of Ukrainian Slavic studies. The 3rd period (1998-2006) was marked by an intensive process of developing the talent of a researcher-analyst and improving his professional qualities, thus transforming into a well-known Ukrainian scholar of Slavic studies, as evidenced by the publication of dozens of articles, the monograph "Problems of the History of Slavic Peoples in the Historical Thought of Ukraine" (2005), and the defense of his doctoral dissertation "Ukrainian Historical Slavic Studies of Modern Times: Origins and Stages of Development" (2006); the 4th period (2007-2023) was marked by the flourishing of scientific creativity, which was based on the study of biography, history, source and local history, and philology. Serhii Kopylov's scientific achievements include more than 330 publications, including five monographs and eleven manuals and textbooks. His study made it possible, firstly, to recreate the integrity of the picture of the jubilee's scientific work, which is an organic combination of various objects of research; secondly, to identify its main directions, in which the author was able to achieve the most significant results: Ukrainian historical Slavic studies of modern times, biography, historiography, source studies, local history, and philocarty; thirdly, to reveal the decisive role in the development of methodological foundations of scientific creativity of the irrevocable break with the postulates of Soviet/Russian methodology that took place in the second half of the 90s XX century - the first half of the zero years of the XXI century.

METHODOLOGY FOR TEACHING THE HISTORY OF UKRAINIAN CULTURE IN HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FORMING NATIONAL AND PATRIOTIC VALUES

The article highlights the main methodological recommendations based on the best international and domestic pedagogical experience on reforming approaches to solving the problem of nationalpatriotic education and understanding by students of Ukrainian higher education institutions of the essence of the concept of «national identity» in the context of shaping the trajectory of a new evolutionary stage of civil society. New effective ways to modernize the methods of national-patriotic education in the context of unpredictable challenges of the Russian-Ukrainian war are proposed. From the standpoint of comparative historical analysis, the appropriation of Ukrainian history and culture by the imperial and totalitarian regimes of Russia is actualized as a clear example.The key issues of the process of forming national identity and its awareness by civil society are analyzed objectively and comprehensively. Possible ways of introducing nation-building guidelines into the system of educational process of higher education institutions of Ukraine at the present stage are considered. The article highlights and distinguishes the value aspect of the concept of «national identity», analyzes the life and creative path of prominent Ukrainians who were killed or persecuted by imperial and totalitarian regimes because of their Ukrainian origin and attempts to counteract Ukrainophobic ideology.The article substantiates the leading role of the creative heritage of the great Kobzar, Taras Shevchenko, as an intellectual whose biography was falsified and distorted by imperial and totalitarian ideological censorship. The author emphasizes the role of Taras Shevchenko as a key to understanding the essence of Ukrainian identity and his role as a moral authority of the Ukrainian nation.The author emphasizes the advanced achievements of Ukrainians in the field of engineering and technology to foster a patriotic sense of pride in the Ukrainian people and its recognition on a global scale. The article examines the activities of leading representatives of the scientific elite in the context of the human dimension of national culture and its nationally consolidating categories. In particular, theauthor lists the achievements in various scientific and technical fields that contributed to the intensification of national processes and the establishment of a positive image of Ukraine on a global scale. As part of the coverage of the stated topic, a number of issues related to the popularization of knowledge about the evolution of national culture and the dissemination of information about its achievements are considered. The author of the article proposes effective methods, forms and means of forming a nationally conscious citizen-patriot in the framework of teaching socio-humanitarian educational components in Ukrainian higher education institutions. Specific methodological recommendations are presented, examples are given that will allow to implement the theoreticalprovisions.The author's experience in teaching the educational component «History of Culture of Ukraine» in higher education institutions will contribute to the intellectual and professional development of teachers and improve their qualifications. The recommendations presented in the article will be useful in intensifying the process of national and patriotic education as the basis of the entire educational process in the context of the forced challenges of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The author emphasizes the importance of modernizing the content of education and introducing new innovative methods and forms of national-patriotic education and understanding the essence of the concept of «national identity» among higher education students as creators of the statehood future of Ukraine.