Highest Total Polyphenol Research Articles

Effect of drying methods and storage on bioactive compounds of Moringa oliefera leaf powder

Moringa oleifera (Drumstick tree) is well known for its nutritional quality but usage of leaf powder as a functional ingredient is very less. Hence, the leaves were subjected to hot-air, solar-tunnel and shade drying methods and stored under ambient condition. Solar tunnel drying had 89.58 and 16.66% lesser drying time compared to shade and hot-air drying, respectively. The study showed that solar-tunnel dried leaf powder had high ascorbic acid (471 mg /100g), total carotenoids (2.49 mg/g), total polyphenols (39.29 mg gallic acid equivalent /g) and total chlorophyll (7 mg/g) content compared to other drying methods. Higher retention of bioactive compounds was found in solar-tunnel dried leaf powder during storage. Aerobic plate count was higher in shade dried sample throughout the storage period. It can be concluded from the study that solar-tunnel drying is the best green technology to obtain moringa leaf powder with high retention of bioactive compounds which can be utilized as a functional ingredient in food preparations.

Polysaccharides from Tossa jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) leaves: Extraction, antioxidant and antibacterial activities

The biological proprieties of mucilaginous polysaccharides (PSc) extracted from Tossa jute leaves (Corchorus olitorius L.) using an ethanol precipitation method were studied. The results showed that PSc had higher total polyphenols and flavonoids and greater antioxidant activities. At 1.5 mg/ml PSc, the antioxidant activities were about 90% against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH•) and 78% against lipid peroxidation. The PSc with a FRAP assay at the same concentration showed an effective protection against hydroxyl radicals and DNA breakage. Furthermore, the extracted PSc had a wide spectrum of antibacterial activities against all bacteria tested (Gram+ and Gram-). The overall data suggested that this natural PSc may be used as a competitive antioxidant and antimicrobial additive in food and in medicinal preparations.

Using Nutritional Lipid and Sensorial Profiles for the Characterization of Turkish Olive (Memecik X Gemlik cv) Hybrids obtained from Controlled Crossbreeding

AbstractOlive breeding is an important method for improving of olive oil quality. In the early 1990’s, a controlled cross breeding project was started on Turkish domestic olive cultivars by Bornova Olive Research Institute, Izmir. This study was carried out with a total of 11 hybrids and 2 parents and these oil samples were obtained from “Memecik” [5 samples (MG) + 1 parent (MEM)] and “Gemlik” [6 samples (GM) + 1 parent (GEM)] domestic olive cultivars grown under the same agronomic and pedoclimatic conditions. In this study, agronomic criteria (ripening index), some nutritional values (total phenolic contents, major fatty acids [palmitic, oleic, linoleic acid, linolenic acid] and their parameters (linoleic/linolenic ratio, quality index), and sensory properties (panel test) of olive (Memecik and Gemlik) hybrid oils were analyzed during 2005–2008 four harvest years. All results showed that 11 advanced domestic olive hybrids had different oil characteristics relative to the parents of hybrids based on nutritional and sensory profiles. The Pearson correlation coefficients and principal components factor loadings observed among chemical/sensory characteristics and fatty acid profile (GM 19, GM 39, MG 11, MG 5 and MG 123 promising hybrids) could be of interest in future olive breeding programs. Considering the main objectives of olive breeding project, the hybrids of GM 19 and MG 5 exhibited superior agronomic (maturation–regular yield), technological–nutritional (high total polyphenol content, balanced omega3/omega6 ratio), and sensorial (high pungent and bitter qualifications) features. The official registrations of these hybrids were carried out by Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Turkey.

Valorization of pomegranate husk – Integration of extraction with nanofiltration for concentrated polyphenols recovery

Abstract A process development study is reported, involving water-based extraction of polyphenols from pomegranate husk and their subsequent membrane concentration. Aiming to optimize extraction, various experimental conditions were investigated, including extraction duration, solid to liquid ratio (2-14 % w/v dry weight), extraction temperature, number of sequential extraction stages (single, double and triple) and type of solvent. It was found that two extraction stages (90 min each) under a solid to water ratio of 3% w/v at 30 °C, were sufficient for obtaining a yield of 85% of total polyphenols from the husk. Subsequently, nanofiltration (NF) was used to concentrate the polyphenols extracts by a volume concentration factor (VCF) of three. Two main process parameters, namely pressure (4-14 bar) and pH (4-8), were examined at constant temperature 30◦C, in batch concentration mode. Results show near optimum NF-membrane performance, with high total polyphenols retention (≥ 98%) at 10 bar pressure and pH 6. Interestingly, the NF-membrane, used for up to 10 filtration batches, exhibited satisfactory flux without intermediate cleaning, suggesting that it could be employed for an extended period. Prospects and challenges are discussed for further process development and practical application.

High temperature effects on strawberry fruit quality and antioxidant contents

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a demanded edible fruit with exceptional nutritional qualities. Nowadays, strawberries are commercially cultivated across a wide range of climatic and geographical regions in the world. However, it is anticipated that quality and quantity of strawberry might be affected by the recent trend in climate changes. This research evaluates the effects of anticipated increase in temperature of the growth environment on fruit development, yield, and antioxidant contents and bioavailability of strawberries. Strawberry cultivars, 'Albion' and 'San Andreas' were grown at 25/20 and 30/20°C day/night temperatures under ambient CO2 levels in controlled environment chambers. Ripe fruits were harvested and analysed for their physical and nutritional qualities. Increase in temperature by 5°C significantly (p<0.05) reduced fruit growth and yield of both cultivars. Average individual fruit weight and total fruit weight plant-1 were declined by 70 and 80%, respectively at 30/20°C compared to plants grown at 25/20°C. Fruits produced by plants grown at higher temperature were irregular in shape, smaller in size and lower intensity in red colour; however, those fruits had significantly (P<0.05) higher total polyphenols (171.1±29 mg 100 g-1) content and antioxidant capacity (10.32±1.9 μmol g-1), compared to the fruits grown at 25/20°C (93.9±10 mg 100 g-1 and 6.42±1.22 μmol g-1, respectively). Additionally, at 30/20°C, fruit surface colour became darker (decreased lightness). HPLC results revealed remarkably higher amounts (15.2±5.5 mg 100 g-1) of pelargonidin-3-glucoside, the main phenolic compound in strawberry in comparison with 11.3±3.4 mg 100 g-1 at 25°C.

Evaluation of Antioxidant, Antityrosinase Activities and Cytotoxic Effects of Phyllanthus amarus Extracts

Background: Antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of medicinal plants, together with their various health benefits have received attention in recent times. However, with wide ethnobotanical uses of Phyllanthus amarus, data on in-vitro skin depigmentation activity and cytotoxicity, as well as its impact on mediators of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are still lacking. This present study is, therefore, designed to evaluate its tyrosinase inhibitory action, antioxidant potentials and cytotoxic activities. Methods: In this study, quantitative determination of polyphenols, flavanol, flavonol, flavonoids, Oxygen Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (ORAC), Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) were performed on the extracts of P amarus. Also, tyrosinase inhibitory efficacy of the hexane, methanol and aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus amarus were evaluated using ELISA-based methods. Cytotoxicity studies were done with mouse Sertoli (TM4) cells, using MTT assay and cell counts. Results: The hexane and aqueous extracts exhibited significant antityrosinase activity (p&lt;0.05) (IC50= 116.08 and 129.25 µg/mL respectively) while its methanolic extract produces no statistically significant finding. Higher total polyphenol, flavonoids and flavonol were seen in the methanol fraction of the extract. Besides, higher radical cation scavenging (TEAC) activity was observed in the aqueous extract. These values were significant (p&lt;0.0001), whereas ORAC results of the methanol extract show significantly (p&lt;0.0001) higher oxygen reducing antioxidant potential than the aqueous extract. The aqueous extract showed the highest mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity at lower concentrations (0.01 to 10 μg/ml). Here, TM4 cell numbers were also significantly higher as compared to the untreated control. Sertoli cell viability was compromised after exposure to higher extract concentrations (100 to 1000 µg/ml). Conclusion: The hexane and aqueous extracts of Phyllanthus amarus possess good tyrosinase inhibitory action when compared to the reference kojic acid. Also, it demonstrated high antioxidant potentials by its ability to scavenge oxygen radicals, reduce ferric ion and inhibit ABTS radical. Lower extract concentrations stimulated Sertoli cell proliferation, which might be due to phytoestrogenic activities of Phyllanthus amarus conferred by its active, components, such as phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin.

Antioxidant and Glucose Lowering Effects of Hydroethanolic Extract of Baillonella toxisperma Pulp

Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Their management is a key point in the prevention and treatment of this disease which is a potential cause of mortality in the world. We evaluated the antioxidant and glucose lowering effects of hydroethanolic extract of Baillonella toxisperma pulp. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were determined and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by 3 mechanisms: scavenging by DPPH•, ABTS• and NO• radicals; reducing property by MoO42+ and Fe3+ reduction; metal chelation by Cu2+ and Fe2+. Glucose adsorption capacity was evaluated followed by the capacity to promote insulino-sensitivity through glucose uptake by yeast and muscle cell assays. The hydroethanolic extract of B. toxisperma pulp possessed high total polyphenols and flavonoids; 459.55 µg Equivalent Gallic Acid/mg and 252.15 µg of Equivalent Catechin /mg respectively. This showed their ability to scavenge DPPH•, ABTS• and NO• radicals with SC50 of 3.49, 3.24 and 4.28 mg/ml respectively. The extract also reduced MoO42+ and Fe3+ and chelated Cu2+ through inhibiting their capacity to induce hemolysis with the IC50 of 3.49 mg/ml. The extract showed a high glucose binding capacity with a glucose binding percentage rise of 60 %. It increased yeast cell absorption of glucose with the increasing percentage varying from 42.97 to 56.62 %. In the muscle cells, after 30 min of administration of the extract, we also noted an increased glucose absorption with the percentage glucose reducing to 22 %. We demonstrated that hydroethanolic extract of B. toxisperma pulp possess antiradical, reducing, metal chelating, glucose binding and insulino-sensitivity promoting properties. These mechanisms imply that B. toxisperma pulp is both a good antioxidant and an antihyperglycemiant, thus a potential agent in the management of diabetes and its complications.

Total Polyphenol, Rehydration Ratio, and Liquor Color of Different Grade Green Tea

Tea is a non-alcoholic beverage that is widely consumed after water with potential health benefits. In general, tea processing divided into three types, non-enzymatic oxidation process (green tea), semi-oxidation (oolong tea), and with enzymatic oxidation (black tea). The sorting and grading is a stage in controlling the quality of green tea. This study aims to determine the characteristics of different grades of green tea on the total polyphenols, liquor color, and rehydration ratio. The results showed that the pekoe/pecco grade had the highest total polyphenol and rehydration ratio compared to other grades. Pekoe grade has a greenish yellow and brighter liquor color. Application of good agriculture practice (GAP) and plucking of fresh tea leaves should be considered to obtain more grade pekoe in the green tea processing.

Supercritical carbon dioxide co-extraction of perilla seeds and perilla leaves: experiments and optimization

ABSTRACT The perilla oil rich in polyphenols was obtained by the co-extraction of perilla seeds and perilla leaves using supercritical carbon dioxide. The effects of the operating conditions on the properties of the obtained oil were investigated by single-factor analysis and response surface methodology. Under the optimum conditions, the values of the oil yield, the DPPH scavenging activity, and the alpha-linolenic acid yield were 7.43 ± 0.15 g/60 g sample, 69.41 ± 1.17%, and 49.14 ± 1.38%, respectively, which were in good agreement with the predicted values. Additional, the co-extraction product was observed high total polyphenol content and good oxidation stability.

Extracting Seed Oil and Phenolic Compounds from Papaya Seeds by Ultrasound-assisted Extraction Method and Their Properties

Papaya seeds which make up 8 % to 15 % of fresh fruit weight, are rich source of proteins, crude fibers, fatty acid, calcium, and phosphorus. The aim of this study is to determine the composition of papaya seed oil, to evaluate the antioxidant activity of defatted-papaya seed residue, and to optimize the phenolic compound extracted from defatted-papaya seed residue. The papaya seed oil contained high level of oleic acid (73.79 %), and other acids such as palmitic (14.38 %), stearic (3.58 %), linoleic (1.06 %). The oil yield of ultrasound-assisted extraction method reached 30.24 wt% which was higher than other extracting methods. The antioxidant activity of defatted-papaya seed extraction was evaluated using DPPH method. The results showed that the IC50 values of 67.81 µg/mL and total polyphenol content of 33.99 mg GAE/g. The optimization of extraction conditions was obtained from the orthogonal quadratic experimental model. The highest total polyphenol concentration reached 37.34 mg GAE/g when extracting the papaya seeds by sonicating for 34.2 min, at 46.23 C with the solvent/solid ratio of 14:1.

Species discrimination and total polyphenol prediction of porcini mushrooms by fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis.

The plateau specialty agricultural products, wild porcini mushrooms, have great value both as a superb cuisine and as a potential medication. Due to quality different between species added with the fraud behavior in sales process, make poor quality or poisonous sample inflow into the market, which pose a health risk for consumers, but also disrupted the mushroom market. Traditional analysis way is time‐consuming and laborious. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a way using fourier transform mid‐infrared (FT‐MIR) spectrometry and data fusion strategies for the fast and accurate species discrimination and predict amount of total polyphenol in four porcini mushrooms. The t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding based on mid‐level data fusion showed two species of Boletus edulis and B. umbriniporus have been identified. The order of correct rate of PLS‐DA models was mid‐level data fusionq (100%) > mid‐level data fusione (97.06%) = mid‐level data fusionv (97.06%) = stipes (97.06%) > low‐level data fusion (94.12%) > caps (91.18%). The order of correct rate of grid‐search support vector machine models was low‐level data fusion (100%) > caps (94.12%) > stipes (91.18%), and the order of particle swarm optimization support vector machine was low‐level data fusion (100%) > caps (97.06%) > stipes (88.24%). The mid‐level data fusionq and low‐level data fusion had best discrimination accuracy (100%) allowing each mushroom classed into its real species, which could be used for accurate discrimination of samples. B. edulis mushrooms had highest total polyphenol, with 14.76 mg/g dw and 17.33 in caps and stipes mg/g dw, respectively. The phenols were easier to accumulate in the caps in Leccinum rugosiceps (1.03) and B. tomentipes (1.19), and the opposite phenomenon is observed in B. edulis (0.85) and B. umbriniporus (0.95). The correlation coefficient and residual predictive deviation of best prediction model were 86.76% and 2.40%, respectively, indicating that that there is good relevance between FT‐MIR and total polyphenol content, which could be used to predict roughly polyphenols content in mushrooms.

In vitro biological activities of aqueous extracts of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach. &amp; Thonn.) taub. and Aframomum citratum (C. Pereira) K.Schum from three Agroecologic Zones in Cameroon

Objective: To investigate some phytochemical constituents and biological activities of twelve samples of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach & Thonn.) taub. and nine samples of Aframomum citratum (C. Pereira) K. Schum fruits collected in the bimodal forest zone (ZONE V), the unimodal forest zone (ZONE IV) and the highlands zone (ZONE III) in Cameroon. Methods: Fresh fruits extracts were obtained by aqueous infusion (100 °C during 15 min) and evaluated by spectrophotometric methods for total polyphenol (TPP), total flavonoids (TFLV) contents and antioxidant (DPPH, total antioxidant capacity by the phosphomolybdenum method, iron reducing power or ferric reducing antioxidant power and inhibition of beta carotene discoloration assays) and anti-inflammatory (inhibitions of protein denaturation and 5-LOX represented by INH.PROT and INH.5- LOX respectively) properties. Principal component analysis was performed. Results: For both species, fruits from ZONE V have the highest TPP, TFLV levels and biological activities. TPP and TFLV content of Aframomum citratum and Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits are positively and significantly (P Conclusions: The fruits exhibit variabilities and those from ZONE V for both species are economically and healthcare challenging for herbalists, pharmaceutical firms, scientists and consumers. Indeed, most important extraction yield of bioactive compounds correlated with significant biological activities and the use of less material compared with an implementation in other Agro-ecologic Zones with the same results are noted.

Hoạt tính kháng oxy hóa và kháng nấm của một số cao chiết thực vật thuộc họ gừng (Zingiberaceae) và họ củ nâu (Dioscoreaceae)

The antioxidant and antifungal activity of ethanol extracts of Curcuma longa, Curcuma yunnanensis, Hedychium coronarium, Alpinia conchigera, Dioscorea bulbifera, Dioscorea membranacea, Dioscorea hispida and Dioscorea pentaphylla were tested. The highest total polyphenol (44,87±0,14 mg GAE/g extract) and flavonoid (110,75±6,38 mg QE/g extract) content were observed in Curcuma longa extract. The correlation was observed between biological activities and the amount of polyphenol, flavonoid compounds. All extracts exhibited antioxidant activity in FRAP (ferric reducing-antioxidant power), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and RP (reducing power) assay. Poisoned food technique was used to determine the inhibition of mycelial growth, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum fungicidal concentration of the extracts on the test pathogens. The C. longa produced complete mycelial growth inhibition in Corynespora cassiicola pathogens at a concentration of 5,000 µg/mL after three days of incubation. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the C. longa on the test fungi were in the range of 2,500-5,000 ����L/mL and >5000 ����L/mL, respectively. These findings confirm the fungicidal properties of plants extract and their potential use in the management of economically important C. cassiicola and as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides. C. longa used in this study could be potential sources of new antifungal and antioxidant.

De residuo industrial a ingrediente funcional: el potencial de la cáscara de granada

During the industrial production of pomegranate juice, its peel is generated as a by-product. The aims of this work was to revalue these bu-product by green extraction of soluble antioxidants and recovery of insoluble Pomegranate by-product, once dried and ground was subjected to a water extraction process (65 ° C for 30 min), obtaining two fractions: one soluble and one insoluble. The insoluble fraction had a high fiber content (52.28 ± 2.99 g / 100 g) and the soluble fraction had a high total polyphenol content of 1049.98 ± 3.98 mg gallic acid / 100 g and an antioxidant capacity against ABTS radicals of 1486.57 ± 0.05 mol trolox / g. A jelly and a drink were formulated with the soluble fraction, while cookies and muffins were formulated with the insoluble fraction. All producto were formulated without sugar, and cookies and muffins so that they comply with the claim source of fiber. Acceptability was evaluated by consumers (n = 100), with cookies and muffins being the most accepted (7.0 and 6.3 respectively). Pomegranate by-product were revalued sustainably and at a low cost, obtaining new functional ingredients, representing this an opportunity for the industry.

Potential therapeutic effect of Moroccan propolis in hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hepatorenal dysfunction in diabetic rats.

Objective(s):The effect of propolis collected in Morocco on blood glucose, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and kidney function was investigated in control and diabetic rats. Materials and Methods:Antioxidant activity of propolis was evaluated with the use of DPPH, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS•+), ferric reducing power and total antioxidant activity assay. To study its effect in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, the rats were divided into eight groups; four control and four diabetics. The animals received distilled water, glibenclamide, or propolis extract, 50 mg/kg/BW) or 100 mg/kg/b.wt, daily for 15 days. Blood glucose, triglyceride, lactic acid dehydrogenase, liver enzymes, creatinine, blood urea, lipid profile, and body weight were measured on day 15 after commencement of the treatment. Results:Propolis has a strong antioxidant activity and high total flavonoids and polyphenols content. Glibenclamide and propolis have no significant effect on lipid parameters, and renal and hepatic function in non-diabetic rats. However, propolis or glibenclamide caused a significant lowering of blood glucose after a single administration and at day 15 after daily administration in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Both interventions significantly lowered lactic acid dehydrogenase, increased body weight, and ameliorated dyslipidemia and abnormal liver and kidney function caused by diabetes. The effect of propolis was dose-dependent and in a high dose it was more potent than glibenclamide. Conclusion:Propolis exhibited strong antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and hepato-renal protective effects in diabetes, and significantly lowered the elevated lactic acid dehydrogenase. The study demonstrated for the first-time the effect of Moroccan propolis in diabetes and it will pave the way for clinical investigations.

Chemical Characterization of Green Coffee Beans and Determining the Effect of Roasting Temperature on the Content of Caffeine

Coffee is one of the most popular drinks in the world. The quality of coffee depends on post harvesting process, agricultural practices, agro ecology conditions and chemical composition of coffee beans. Hararghe is among the major coffee producing areas in Ethiopia. However, the chemical profiles of Hararghe coffee beans have never been reported. The objectives of the present study was to determine pH value, total acidity and total polyphenols of Hararghe green coffee beans and also evaluates the effect of roasting temperature on caffeine content. Fifteen coffee bean samples were collected from different areas of Hararghe, Ethiopia. Total polyphenols were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The pH value was measured by a pH meter. The total acidities were determined by titrating with NaOH. The caffeine content from roasted coffee beans was measured using a UV-Vis spectroscopy. The lowest (5.26) and the highest (5.66) pH values showed by the coffee bean samples collected from Jarso and Gurachae, respectively. On the contrary, the lowest (1.44 ml of NaOHg -1 ) and highest (2.3 NaOHg -1 ) total acidity values revealed by Gurache and Jarso coffee green beans, respectively. Likewise, the lowest and the highest total polyphenols content exhibited by Girawa (7.22 mg GAE/g) and Kobo (20.96 mg GAE/g) coffee beans, respectively. The caffeine content in coffee bean samples roasted at different temperatures varied from 2.36 (w/w %) to 6.09 (w/w %). The content of caffeine increased from low temperature - long ranged time roasted coffee beans to intermediate temperature - intermediate ranged time. However, it was gradually decreased from intermediate temperature - intermediate ranged time to high temperature - short ranged time. Keywords: Coffee, Caffeine, UV-Vis spectroscopy, total acidity, total polyphenols. DOI : 10.7176/CMR/11-8-03 Publication date :October 31 st 2019

Ocena działania przeciwcukrzycowego ekstraktów otrzymanych z wybranych surowców roślinnych

Introduction. Diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, resulting from a defect in insulin secretion or abnormal functioning of this hormone. The consequence of the lack of insulin is the disturbed metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Chronic hyperglycemia causes damage and dysfunction of many organs. One of the ways to support the treatment of diabetes is the use of plant preparations. Aim. The aim of the study was to examine and compare the biological (α-glucosidase and antioxidative) activity and the content of polyphenols and flavonoids in selected plants: Anserinae herba, Alchemillae herba and Fragariae folium, included in herbal tea blends used in diabetes. Material and methods. The content of polyphenols was determined by applying the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the flavonoid content by the AlCl3 method. The antioxidant properties were tested using the reagent method DPPH and CUPRAC, while the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase by measuring the absorbance of p-nitrophenol from PNPG released by hydrolysis of sugars by the enzyme. Results. High total polyphenols content in the tested plant extracts was found, amounting to 121.30; 98.30; 71.66 mg gallic acid equivalent/g for Alchemillae herba, Fragariae folium and Anserinae herba, respectively, and high flavonoid content (17.56, 12.25, 15.48 mg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively). Antioxidant activity for extracts with a concentration of 0.312 mg/ml was from 46.22 to 79.71% (in the analysis with DPPH radical), while the absorbance value of these tests determined by the CUPRAC method was A = 0.49-1.01. The effect was weaker than vitamin C. The results indicated a strong inhibitory ability of α-glucosidase, which was &gt; 98% for all tested extracts at the concentration of 0.1 mg/ml, and was many times higher than the standard acarbose analyzed at the above concentration, and comparable with the acrabose activity at a concentration of 10 mg/ml. Conclusions. The inhibitory α-glucosidase and antioxidant activity indicates the existence of this mechanism included in analyzed plant extracts, as ingredients herbal tea blends of used in diabetes.

Passiflora tenuifila Killip: Assessment of chemical composition by 1H NMR and UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MSE and its bioactive properties in a rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson’s disease

Abstract Passiflora tenuifila Killip is a wild species, with no studies regarding to functional properties. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition, including NMR and UPLC, toxicity and functional effect in a Parkinsonism model. The fruits (peel, pulp, and seed) were crushed, lyophilized and characterized. The subchronic toxicity was evaluated in Wistar rats during 90 days, and the Parkinsonism symptoms were induced by rotenone and after treated with P. tenuifila daily doses during 21 days. Composition results indicated a high total dietary fiber content, total polyphenols, and antioxidant activity. The subchronic toxicity results showed that garlic passion fruit did not present signs of toxicity. In the Parkinsonism model, the tests allow to indicate that the consumption of garlic passion fruit causes an improvement and possible effect of recovery of the damages induced by the rotenone, being these effects of improvement proportional to the consumption.

Chemical Properties, Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activities of Pepper Fruits

This study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical properties of different varieties of pepper fruits, to identify and quantify the phenolic profile of methanolic extracts of the aforementioned plants and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the crude extracts of the plants under investigation in comparative study. Results revealed that ascorbic acid and total carotenoids contents of pepper fruits ranged between 83.30 to 194.44 (mg/g fw) and 12.19 to 75.72 (µg/g F.W), respectively. Balady green pepper extract contained the highest total polyphenols and total flavonoids contents as 52.65 (mg GAE/g) and 41.69 (mg QE/g), respectively. Hesperidin was the predominant flavonoid in red bell and Balady green peppers extracts with concentrations of 1513.13 and 1065.65 µg/g, respectively. While, pyrogallol was identified as the highest phenolic compound in yellow bell pepper extract as 2175.89 µg/g. This study also confirmed the highest antioxidant activity of Balady green pepper extract using total antioxidant capacity (TAC), DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power assays. This study recommends consumers using the balady green pepper as a rich and inexpensive source of natural antioxidants

YIELDING AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SELECTED SWEET CHERRY (Prunus avium) CULTIVARS IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL POLAND

The study involving 5 cherry cultivars was conducted in 2015–2016. The varieties ‘Techlovan’, ‘Summit’, ‘Sylvia’, ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’ were planted in 2010 in the Experimental Orchard of the Department of Pomology in Warsaw-Wilanów on GiSelA5 rootstock. The aim of the study was to evaluate the production value and dessert fruit quality as well as health proprieties of the tested cultivars’ fruits and select the most valuable ones. It was shown that the varieties differed in fruit set and yielding as well as fruit quality (i.e. fruit size, firmness, soluble solid content, acidity) and health benefits (i.e. polyphenol, anthocyanin, and ascorbic acid content). ‘Techlovan’ trees had the lowest yield, but their fruits were of high quality. ‘Kordia’ and ‘Regina’ also provided high quality fruit with high total polyphenol content. In contrast, the ‘Sylvia’ cultivar had a high yield, but the fruit obtained from it was of poor quality. All tested cultivars had similar vitamin C content.