High Unemployment Research Articles

The Ravaging Effects of Online Gambling on The Social Functioning of Male Breadwinners In African Families

This systematic review examines the ravaging effects of online gambling on the social functioning of male breadwinners in African families. Online gambling negatively impacts the social functioning of male breadwinners in African families. The researcher realized that online gambling among male African breadwinners leads to habitual neglect of the family and deterioration in socialization. As a result, the way African families function socially is often changed negatively by the male gambler's behaviour. Additionally, because these men are seen as the heads of the families and superiors in their communities, families are further burdened as they fear confronting the situation. The researcher adopted the PRISMA methods for this paper. Based on their excellent reputation and strong recommendations, the researcher used the following scientific search databases to gather data for this study: Google Scholar; Taylor and Francis; Scopus, ScienceDirect, and ResearchGate. The researcher gathered 23 peer-reviewed journal articles, published between 2011 and 2024, and verified them after screening to ensure the study's eminence. Online gambling is growing daily across the globe, particularly in African continents. Some families rely on online gambling for survival due to the poverty rate and high unemployment among African communities. Male breadwinners are opting for online gambling to support their families financially despite its addictive nature and lack of monitoring in many parts of Africa. Because online gambling is so addictive, some male breadwinners find that they spend less time with their families, being more focused on gaming. This study is pivotal as it creates awareness in African continents about the ravaging effects of online gambling among male breadwinners. This study can be further expanded by focusing on African continents, especially in South Africa, where online gaming has been recorded as high in the past few years among males.

Employment in personal subsidiary farm: ethnic and regional features (the case of Khakassia)

Employment in a personal subsidiary farm (PSF), aimed at providing products for own subsistence, becomes an alternative to job for hire in conditions of high unemployment in rural areas. At the same time, the role of personal subsidiary farms varies in differing climatic, economic and socio-cultural conditions. The purpose of the article is to compare the practices of personal subsidiary farms in multiethnic region of Khakassia in order to identify the ethnoregional features of household farmsteads. Surveyed ethnic groups (566 respondents) are living in Russians, Khakass and Shors rural areas. Khakass people turned out to be the most active in the management of personal economy, the Shors were the least involved, and the Russians occupy a “middle” position. The differentiation of household plots is due to the fact that the motives for farming among these ethnic groups are not the same. Russians are engaged in economic activities mainly to provide themselves with food, although many of them just like this activity. The value of land and livestock is high for Khakass people and Shors, but most of them lead personal subsidiary farming rather as a habit.

Spatial Big Data Analytics of Inequity in Access to Live Music Among Disadvantaged Populations

In recent years, music cities around the world have developed various supportive policy frameworks ensuring live music is accessible to large populations. The question of whether live music is equitably distributed by socioeconomic status remains unanswered, however. This study investigated the accessibility of music events in socially and economically disadvantaged communities. The level of accessible concerts varies substantially across U.S. counties, revealing significant inequity in access to concerts. Almost 80 percent of concerts are located in 5 percent of counties. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, geographically weighted regression (GWR), and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) methods were then employed to explore associations between accessible concerts and the socioeconomic characteristics of communities where these concerts are located. The regression models revealed that areas with a higher proportion of residents without a high school degree, higher unemployment rate, and higher poverty rate were less likely to have access to concerts, yet positive associations were found between accessible concerts and mean household income. Local R 2 values further confirmed the robustness of regression results of both GWR and MGWR and showed significant spatial nonstationarity of model performance. GWR and MGWR methods improved model performance significantly over the OLS method and proved how local conditions influence the OLS regression. The results from this study can guide decision makers and stakeholders in making appropriate policies to achieve equitable access to music events, especially for disadvantaged communities.

Enhancing entrepreneurial intention in secondary school

Purpose: The literature reveals that emerging markets experience high unemployment rates. However, tertiary institutions continue to chant out a large number of graduates, increasing the rate of unemployment. Regardless of the tertiary institutions introducing entrepreneurship education, graduates continue to seek employment instead of creating it. This study analyses the introduction of entrepreneurship education in secondary schools to create entrepreneurship intentions in students. Research Methodology: The researcher adopted an interpretative paradigm that advocates a qualitative approach. The study face-to-face interviewed 17 head teachers from secondary schools in the Mashonaland West Province. This study thematically deduces entrepreneurship teaching methods, entrepreneurship content, and entrepreneurship assessment methods as sub-concepts that, if implemented, lead to entrepreneurship intention. Results: The researcher established that entrepreneurship education leads to entrepreneurship intentions if introduced in secondary schools. However, it requires commitment from policy designers and implementers to achieve the intended goals. This study recommends the adoption of entrepreneurship education based on a funding model supported by stakeholders, including financial institutions and the government. Limitations: The study had a methodological limitation in that the sample size was small (17 head teachers). Contributions: This study contributes to educational policy changes through the introduction of entrepreneurship education and its curriculum. Novelty: This study analyzed the implementation of entrepreneurship education in secondary schools as a vehicle to solve the unemployment challenge.

Türkiye’de Asgari ücretin Makroekonomik Belirleyicileri Üzerine Teorik ve Ampirik bir Analiz

This study aims to comprehensively examine the macroeconomic factors influencing the determination of minimum wage in Turkey from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. The analysis includes variables such as real minimum wage, unionization rates, inflation levels, unemployment rates, real economic growth (GDP), and labor productivity. The findings indicate a positive relationship between unionization rates and the minimum wage, with inflation also leading to an increase in the minimum wage. Conversely, higher unemployment rates are found to decrease the minimum wage, while economic growth positively impacts it. Increased labor productivity, however, is associated with a decrease in the minimum wage. Additionally, dummy variables for crisis periods were not statistically significant. These results highlight the importance of considering various macroeconomic factors in the formulation of minimum wage policies. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers and pave the way for future research. Key Words: Minimum wage, Unemployment, CPI, GDP, ARDL Model. JEL Codes: E1, E24, J3.

Transformasi Digital dan Profesionalisme dalam Akuntansi untuk Generasi Muda melalui Pelatihan Aplikasi EFAKTUR dan Web EFAKTUR untuk Pelaporan PPN MASA BADAN guna Meningkatkan Kemampuan Praktis bagi Pelajar SMKN 25 DKI Jakarta

This activity aims to overcome the high unemployment rate among vocational school graduates in Indonesia, with a focus on SMKN 25 DKI Jakarta. One of the main factors causing unemployment is the mismatch of graduate skills with current industry needs. To answer this challenge, this research uses a contextual method or approach that links learning to real world situations. The team from the Faculty of Economics and Business, Mercubuana University held training on the application of modern tax technology, namely EFAKTUR and Web EFAKTUR, to students of SMKN 25. Activities were carried out in several stages, including preparation and planning at Mercubuana University, online coordination, direct training at school, and evaluation training results. The results show an increase in students' capabilities in understanding and using electronic tax reporting technology, with participant satisfaction levels reaching 95% based on the questionnaire. These findings suggest that technology-based training not only improves students' technical competence, but also contributes to increasing their competitiveness in the job market, as well as helping schools achieve better rankings in national assessments. This training has succeeded in equipping students with relevant and up-to-date skills, reducing the gap between vocational education and the needs of the world of work.

Examining the critical success factors of productive entrepreneurship: an ISM-MICMAC approach

Purpose The concept of productive entrepreneurship has been recognised as a strategic approach to address the various challenges economies face, such as high unemployment, low economic growth and limited diversification. However, studies on the productive entrepreneurship’s critical success factors (CSFs) are rare and fragmented. Hence, this paper aims to identify the CSFs of productive entrepreneurship and determine their relationship among to offer a meaningful framework for enhancing the result of entrepreneurial activities in the emerging economy. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted an extensive literature review and consulted experts to identify 14 CSFs for productive entrepreneurship. The technique of interpretive structural modelling (ISM) was used to determine the relationships and interconnectedness between these factors. In addition, this study used matrix of cross-impacts applied to a classification (MICMAC) analysis to determine the significance of CSFs in relation to the productive entrepreneurship. Findings The results indicate that the regulatory environment, incubators and accelerators and mentorship were the most influential factors for productive entrepreneurship in the Indian context. In contrast, social mobility and resilience were found to be the least influential factor. Research limitations/implications The study's findings can enable researchers, policymakers and entrepreneurs to make informed decisions and develop effective strategies to enhance the productive entrepreneurship. Originality/value The unique approach of research (ISM and MICMAC analysis) expands the frameworks of the entrepreneurship ecosystem with a comprehensive and dynamic emergent investigation into the foundation of productive entrepreneurship.

Pengaruh Boikot Besar-besaran Produk Amerika terhadap Peningkatan Jumlah Pengangguran di Indonesia

This research aims to analyze the impact of a large-scale boycott of United States products on the increase in unemployment in Indonesia. The boycott was driven by political tensions and controversial trade policies. Using quantitative analysis with secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), company financial reports, and labor market surveys, the research shows a significant impact on sectors dependent on United States products and investments. Declines in sales and production in affected companies led to layoffs and higher unemployment rates. The impact was more pronounced in regions with concentrated industries related to American products. The study concludes that the boycott contributed to higher unemployment in Indonesia, with varying impacts across sectors and regions. These findings suggest important implications for policymakers in mitigating the economic effects of boycotts and highlight the need for economic diversification to reduce reliance on specific imported products.

DETERMINAN PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA DI KOTA MALANG SEBELUM DAN SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19

One of the labor problems in Malang City is that the available jobs cannot absorb the rapidly growing labor force, causing high unemployment. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of minimum wage, GRDP, inflation, education and COVID-19 dummy variables on labor deployment in Malang City. Data analysis uses multiple linear regression methods with the Stata 14 program. The data used are time series from 1993-2022 in Malang City. The results showed that the minimum wage has a positive and significant effect on labor absorption. Education level has a significant and negative effect on labor absorption. GRDP and Inflation have no significant effect on labor absorption. For COVID-19 dummy on employment, it has a negative and insignificant effect during the COVID-19 pandemic

Labour market inequality in France and in the UK

Abstract This commentary shows that a high minimum wage, a rigid grid of minimum wages negotiated at central or sectoral level and legislation ensuring job stability for employees on permanent contracts have enabled France to contain wage inequalities. On the other hand, there is a low employment rate and a high unemployment rate that create significant inequalities in access to employment and a high poverty rate before taxes and transfers.

Recruiting refugees to reduce labour shortages in health care professions: experimental evidence on the potential of foreign-language outreach on social media

BackgroundMany high-income countries are grappling with severe labour shortages in the healthcare sector. Refugees and recent migrants present a potential pool for staff recruitment due to their higher unemployment rates, younger age, and lower average educational attainment compared to the host society's labour force. Despite this, refugees and recent migrants, often possessing limited language skills in the destination country, are frequently excluded from traditional recruitment campaigns conducted solely in the host country’s language. Even those with intermediate language skills may feel excluded, as destination-country language advertisements are perceived as targeting only native speakers. This study experimentally assesses the effectiveness of a recruitment campaign for nursing positions in a German care facility, specifically targeting Arabic and Ukrainian speakers through Facebook advertisements.MethodsWe employ an experimental design (AB test) approximating a randomized controlled trial, utilizing Facebook as the delivery platform. We compare job advertisements for nursing positions in the native languages of Arabic and Ukrainian speakers (treatment) with the same advertisements displayed in German (control) for the same target group in the context of a real recruitment campaign for nursing jobs in Berlin, Germany. Our evaluation includes comparing link click rates, visits to the recruitment website, initiated applications, and completed applications, along with the unit cost of these indicators. We assess statistical significance in group differences using the Chi-squared test.ResultsWe find that recruitment efforts in the origin language were 5.6 times (Arabic speakers) and 1.9 times (Ukrainian speakers) more effective in initiating nursing job applications compared to the standard model of German-only advertisements among recent migrants and refugees. Overall, targeting refugees and recent migrants was 2.4 (Ukrainians) and 10.8 (Arabic) times cheaper than targeting the reference group of German speakers indicating higher interest among these groups.ConclusionsThe results underscore the substantial benefits for employers in utilizing targeted recruitment via social media aimed at foreign-language communities within the country. This strategy, which is low-cost and low effort compared to recruiting abroad or investing in digitalization, has the potential for broad applicability in numerous high-income countries with sizable migrant communities. Increased employment rates among underemployed refugee and migrant communities, in turn, contribute to reducing poverty, social exclusion, public expenditure, and foster greater acceptance of newcomers within the receiving society.

Agricultural Production and Agricultural Employment Rate in South Africa: Time Series Analysis Approach

South Africa's agricultural sector, despite facing high unemployment, is acknowledged for creating job opportunities. However, there is concern that the sector's adoption of technology-intensive methods may not necessarily lead to increased employment. The study aims to analyze the intricate relationship between agricultural output and employment in South Africa using time series analysis. This research employed a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model to evaluate the link between agricultural production and the rate of agricultural employment in South Africa spanning from 1990 to 2022. The findings indicate that both variables passed levels and became stationarity at the first difference when employing ADF, and a long-term equilibrium relationship between the variables was observed using Johansen cointegration test. Over the short term, there was a significant positive correlation among agricultural production and the agricultural employment rate evidenced from ECT coefficient of 0.139 value. The results of the Granger causality tests indicated unidirectional relationship that agricultural employment Granger-causes agricultural production, signifying that agricultural employment can be used to predict the growth of agricultural production. Study recommended that policies which promote injection of funds to improve production in the agriculture sector needs to be prioritized to maintain and improve employment opportunities.

Job advertisements and lived experiences of victims of job scams in Ibadan, Nigeria

PurposeAn increase in informal job advertisements has been attributed to high unemployment. However, less scholarly attention has been placed on the experiences of victims of advertised job scams.Design/methodology/approachThis explorative study investigates the lived experiences of victims of advertised job scams in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, adopting Durkheim’s Functionalism and Anomie Theory. Around 35 victims were purposively engaged in in-depth and telephone interviews.FindingsThe findings of the study indicated the link between functionalism and anomie, an increasing rate of advertised job scams and a high rate of unemployment and poverty as well as the desperation of victims in getting jobs. The value orientation of an individual is determined by the dynamics of the social institutions. The pattern of job scammers revealed extremists conditioned by the large number of youths seeking employment. The advertised scam jobs are usually unavailable. In addition, employers, through informal job advertisements, subject victims to extortions, exploitation, street begging, kidnapping and rituals as well as sexual harassment and rape. Owing to the high rate of unemployment, many genuine job offers are characterised by bribes, besides trivializing merit.Originality/valueThe government should design measures to tackle the rate of corruption and unemployment. This can be achieved by introducing entrepreneurship and skill acquisition programmes in the nation’s education system.

Perceptions on the environmental impacts of illegal river sand mining in the Limpopo Province, South Africa

Illegal river sand mining in regions like the Limpopo Province poses severe threats to ecosystems and communities. Nevertheless, the community's perspectives concerning these effects have not been determined. Thus, the aim of the investigation was to assess community perceptions regarding the environmental consequences linked to river sand mining in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study employed mixed methods to acquire the primary data. The quantitative data were acquired using questionnaires; meanwhile, the qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews from various respondents. The demographic profile of the respondents indicated a predominantly male population, with a majority lacking formal qualifications. Additionally, the prevalence of very high unemployment rates in the area seemed to influence participation in the activity. Consequently, some perceived it as an economic opportunity to generate income for their sustenance. It has been found that as developments increase, the demand for river sand increases as well, leading to a high extraction rate of sand. Lastly, the extraction of the resources was found to be un-regulated or controlled; therefore, it is concluded that unregulated extraction of these resources resulted in a high extraction rate and environmental crises such as un-rehabilitated pits, water pollution, land pollution, among others. It is therefore recommended that collaborative efforts among relevant authorities to enforce stringent regulations and penalties. Equally vital are public awareness campaigns, which can play a pivotal role in educating communities about the environmental repercussions of illegal sand mining.

Exploring barriers and enabling factors for surgical task sharing with physician assistants in Liberia: a qualitative pre-implementation study

ObjectivesThis study explores potential barriers and enabling factors that may influence the acceptance of implementation of a surgical task-sharing initiative targeting physician assistants (PAs) in Liberia.DesignA qualitative, pre-implementation study using...

The Impact of Soft Skills Training on the Employability of Brazilian Youth

This paper explores the impact of soft skills training on the employability of Brazilian youth. Amidst high youth unemployment rates in Brazil, a critical gap exists in essential soft skills such as communication, teamwork, and problem-solving. This study investigates various soft skills training programs, including those by government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and private sector initiatives, assessing their effectiveness in enhancing employability. Through in-depth interviews with program participants, educators, and employers, and detailed case studies of successful training programs, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing the effectiveness of these programs. Findings indicate that high-quality training, program duration and intensity, participant support, and engagement levels significantly impact training outcomes. The study concludes with policy recommendations to integrate soft skills training into the formal education system and enhance collaboration among stakeholders to improve youth employability in Brazil.

Impact of governance on populist rhetoric

The phenomenon of populism is widespread in the 21st century. In this paper, we analyze the correlation between the World Bank’s six worldwide governance indicators and populism, which is proxied by the populist rhetoric of government representatives. The panel data includes 40 developing and developed countries and covers the period from 2000 to 2018. The results suggest that good governance may help to reduce populist rhetoric. However, we show that a certain threshold of governance quality must be met to mitigate populist rhetoric. Refugee immigration and one-party dominance, on the other hand, increase populist rhetoric. Despite frequent claims, we do not find robust evidence that merchandise trade or a high unemployment rate strengthens populism.

IMPACT OF CONSTRUCTION INVESTMENT ON THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN NIGERIA

Nigeria being an export-driven economy with a primary focus on oil and gas has a high rate of unemployment. However, the construction industry as a labour-intensive economic sector may provide the prospect for full employment. Hence, this study investigates the effect of construction sector investment on the unemployment rate. Time series data was extracted from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators (WDI) for the years 1991 through 2020. The study adopted multiple regression and Autoregressive Distributed lag (ARDL) models for analyzing the data. From the result, the models' estimate indicates that the only significant predictor of the current unemployment rate is the lagged unemployment of the previous year. Both the construction investment growth rate and the rate of economic growth do not have a substantial effect on the current unemployment rate which is contrary to Okun’s law. Based on the findings, this study recommends diversification of the economy in favour of labour-intensive sectors like construction and manufacturing for sustainable solutions to unemployment in Nigeria.

Key Factors Affecting Sustainable Economic Growth in the New Normal Era: An Empirical Analysis of Country Data

Purpose - The global economy has entered a new normal era since the financial crisis of 2007 and 2008. In fact, advanced countries and those emerging have been faced with low growth, low interest rates, low prices, high unemployment, increased government debt, and stricter regulations. Nonetheless, some countries have achieved sustainable economic growth. We attempted to identify factors influencing sustainable economic growth in this era by empirically testing a model with data regarding economic indicators in 25 countries. Design/Methodology - For this empirical test, a panel model was set with nine economic variables for 14 advanced and 11 emerging countries. We conducted both a panel unit root test and a cointegration test in order to measure the stationarity of the data. The results of these tests presented that there have been long-term balanced relationships among the variables. We also conducted another empirical analysis through the fixed effects model and random effects model, and performed a Hausman test to confirm that the fixed effects model was more valid. Findings - Empirical evidence using the fixed effects model showed that the consumption level, capital formation, openness of international trade, urbanization, and innovation ability were significant in promoting the economic development of developed countries, whereas population has a negative impact on the economic development of these countries. In emerging economies, capital formation and education level had a positive effect on sustainable economic growth. Population, openness to international trade, urbanization, and industrial structure had negative impacts on sustainable economic growth. This research contained a certain level of originality in the sense that we analyzed the effects of critical economic indicators on the sustainable economic growth in representative countries that have developed economically in the new normal era. Originality/value - Few studies focus on the inf luencing factors of sustainable economic development in a specific country. We may provide important implications for economic policy makers that want to grow their economies sustainably. We also may enrich a theoretical and practical basis on economic development.

Unlocking Inclusive Growth and Sustainable Development in Nigeria: A Roadmap Through Challenges and Opportunities

Purpose: This paper aimed to explore the concept of inclusive growth within Nigeria's socio-economic framework, particularly in light of the Nigeria Agenda 2050 (NA2050), a strategic policy initiative. It seeks to understand Nigeria's multifaceted challenges and opportunities in achieving inclusive growth. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study reviewed secondary data sources including, reports from various agencies and institutions, and government data. It utilised thematic analysis to dissect and present insights into Nigeria's developmental trajectory as outlined by NA2050. Findings: Despite significant economic strides, Nigeria struggles with socio-economic disparities, marked by high unemployment, rising inflation, and infrastructural deficits. The NA2050 is a crucial framework advocating for robust governance, macroeconomic stability, economic diversification, and human capital development to overcome these challenges. Practical Implications: The study highlighted the essential roles of technological advancement and financial inclusion as key drivers of sustainable development and economic resilience in Nigeria. It calls for a multi-stakeholder approach to implement NA2050's strategies effectively, enhancing transparency in the oil sector, prioritising human capital development, and fostering private sector-led growth. Social Implications: This research emphasised the need for inclusive growth that benefits all societal layers in Nigeria, addressing the persistent socio-economic gaps that hinder equitable development and social cohesion. Originality and Value: The paper contributes to the discourse on inclusive growth by providing a pragmatic roadmap for Nigeria’s socio-economic revitalisation, offering a detailed analysis of the strategies embedded in the NA2050 and their potential impact on the nation's future.