Standards Of Higher Education Research Articles

OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE FORMATION OF HEALTH-PRESERVING COMPETENCE IN FUTURE PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

The article reveals the problem of forming health-preserving competence in future primary school teachers. Its relevance is proved, which is confirmed by the reform of education in all spheres of its activity.The purpose of the teacher’s professional activity is to organize the education and upbringing of students during their primary education by forming their key competencies and worldview based on universal and national values, as well as the development of intellectual, creative and physical abilities necessary for successful self-realization and continuing education.The essence of the concept of “health-preserving competence”, which is considered by scientists as an integral quality of personality, which is manifested in the general ability and readiness for health activities, based on the integration of knowledge, skills, values of personality aimed at maintaining physical, social, mental and spiritual health – their own and of the environment.The educational component “Health-preserving technologies with methods of teaching in primary school” is presented. The purpose of which is to reveal modern scientific concepts of the introduction of health-preserving technologies in the educational process of primary school, which will contribute to the formation, preservation and strengthening of the health of students and teachers.In the process of studying this educational component, students will form general and special competencies, which are provided by the standard of higher education in specialty 013 Primary education for the first (bachelor’s) level of higher education.
 Keywords: future primary school teachers; primary school teacher of general secondary education institution; teacher of general secondary education institution; primary school teacher; competencies; health-preserving competence; professional standard; state standard.

Internationalization of Higher Education Policy in Japan: The Role of International Student Mobility

As a country of Asia, Japan is developed both economically and in terms of education. Japan’s higher education standards have received acceptance and appreciation worldwide. Currently, 10.4 percent of international students are studying in Japan. International students show a keen interest in having a degree in Japan because of its most advanced education and latest technology. They get a positive environment of education, a friendly culture, lower tuition fees than in Europe and America, and diverse weather. Under the MEXT Scholarship Program of the Japanese Government established in 1954, about 65,000 students have been selected from 160 countries till now. The Japanese government took a vision of escalating the number of their overseas pupils up to one lakh forty thousand in 2008. Surprisingly, this number has reached more than three lakh international students in 2020. However, this research tries to demonstrate why more than 10% of international students select Japan for higher education. In addition to discussing the facilities of Japan ’s higher education, the article includes a comparative discussion of Japan’ s scholarships with other government scholarships worldwide.

FORMATION OF THE LEGAL COMPETENCE OF THE FUTURE DOCTOR AT THE UNIVERSITY

Annotation: The relevance of the article is due to the high requirements of society for the legal competence of a doctor, compliance with professional ethics, the importance of fulfilling not only the Hippocratic oath by a doctor, but also the norms of medical law. In addition, the need to form the legal competence of a future doctor within the framework of obtaining higher education is determined by the high statistics of offenses committed by medical workers, and the requirements of federal state standards of higher education that should be fulfilled in the process of training doctors at the university. The purpose of this article is to consider the process of forming the legal competence of a future doctor in a university as a pedagogical problem. The materials of the article were a section of scientific literature on the problem of research, federal state standards of higher education in the specialties 31.05.01 Medical Care, 31.05.02 Pediatrics, 31.05.03 Dentistry, statistics of offenses committed by doctors, given by the investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in recent years. In the process of writing the article, general theoretical methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, comparison, comparison, generalization, systematization, modeling, etc.), empirical methods (analysis of documents and literary sources, the method of observation, the study of activity results) were used. As a result, the author offers the author's definition of legal competence, establishes the relationship between the concepts: legal competence and legal competence and comes to the conclusion that there is a need for systematic, purposeful work on the formation of legal competence of future doctors in the system of continuing medical education.

Tasks on the topic «Artificial Intelligence» in School Informatics

Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science in which programs are written and devices are created that imitate the intellectual functions of a person. These programs and devices are used in a variety of areas, such as technology, science, art, games, medicine, commerce, finance, education. If the disciplines with the names «Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence», «Intelligent Information Systems», «Data Mining» and «Machine Learning» are already included in the standards of higher education, then artificial intelligence is not considered at school, neither at the theoretical level, nor at the practical level. Therefore, the subject of this research is the content of the topic «Artificial Intelligence» in the school course of computer science. As a result of a theoretical analysis of school and university educational standards and teaching aids, as well as observation of learning, a positive answer was received to the question of the possibility of studying the topic «Artificial Intelligence» in the school course of computer science. It turned out that from this complex topic, you can choose tasks that, after simplification and adaptation, will be interesting and accessible to schoolchildren. In the article, for example, four such tasks are given, namely, clustering, classification, recognition and control. Their solution allows not only to introduce students to a new and promising area of informatics, but also brings learning closer to the activities of a scientist, and therefore develops their intelligence.

Revealing the Competence of Multiprofessional Team Building among Students and Its Impact on the Effectiveness of Team Interaction

Introduction. The need for a multiprofessional team is critical for the preschool stage where problems of individualization of education for children with disabilities and gifted children with behavioral deviations are solved. Despite the large number of publications on multiprofessional education, there are almost no researches into the readiness to multiprofessional interaction of preschool education specialists. The aim of the article is to present the results and methods for revealing the level of multiprofessional team building competence of students – future preschool education workers, to analyze the differences between the groups with high level of multiprofessional team building competence and the groups with low effectiveness of team interaction. Materials and Methods. Research sample: students of Shadrinsk State Pedagogical University (Russia) and Kazakh National Womenʼs Pedagogical University (Kazakhstan). Methods: expert observation (teachers competent in the fields of knowledge that students should operate in the research process were involved) using “field notes” and video recordings (qualitative and quantitative assessment according to the methodology of V.I. Zagvyazinsky, R. Atakhanov); questionnaires; interviews in focus groups; testing; expert evaluation of the effectiveness of team interaction; statistical criteria: Kolmogorova-Smirnova (single-sample) to determine the normality of distribution; Mann-Whitney U-criterion to identify the reliability of differences in groups with high levels of formation multiprofessional competencies from groups with low efficiency of team interaction. Results. It is proved that the formation of competence of multiprofessional team building is significant for the effectiveness of team interaction. The problems of multiprofessional interaction of preschool education workers are revealed: lack of willingness to conduct a dialogue with each other, weak or low degree of team-building and co-organizing activity, an attempt to associate the problem with the activity of one specialist, the desire to find the culprit in the situation. Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained results contribute to the development of the issue of readiness for interaction of specialists in defectological and non-defectological areas of training. In the future, it is advisable to investigate the issues of designing and evaluating the effectiveness of courses that develop the competencies of multiprofessional team building. The materials of the article can be useful in the developing standards of higher education of a new generation in terms of designing the planned learning outcomes of the academic programs and international recommendations on education.

METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES OF TEACHING MEDICAL STUDENTS ON THE BASIS OF INTERDISCIPLINARY INTEGRATION

The article attempts to reflect the modern content of educational services in obtaining medical education in higher education institutions, which will reflect the nature of economic and social development of Ukraine and is designed to change primarily the paradigm of higher medical education. The definition of requirements for the future specialist, new standards based on the competence approach and sharing the philosophy of interdisciplinary integration are outlined. Describes important teaching methods in modern higher medical education that shape the personality of the future specialist with a new outlook and thinking that will successfully compete with professionals in the field in the labor market, timely, promptly respond to various demands of society. Teaching technologies and modernization of higher medical education are identified, the purpose of which is to focus on new standards of higher education, which in turn should become the next generation of standards. Interdisciplinary integration and application of interdisciplinary technologies in the training of future medical professionals will allow the formation of a new level of critical thinking that can comprehensively solve the problems of clinical practice and comprehensive integration.

European integration as a resource for Ukrainian childhood in the context of educational transformations

Summary. The purpose of the article is to study European integration as a resource, as an opportunity to improve the present Ukrainian childhood, in the context of educational transformations. The methodological basis of the research was analysis, synthesis, comparison and modeling. Scientific novelty. High standards of education and monitoring of their compliance, financing of educational services, improvement of the qualifications of employees, orientation towards the child and its independent development are synonymous with the concept of European education, and therefore new opportunities for Ukrainian schoolchildren. Conclusions. The modernization of the educational system and its improvement began at the beginning of the formation of Ukraine as an independent state. Modern world trends were analyzed by specialists and used to improve Ukrainian education. Investigating the issue of European integration as a resource for Ukrainian childhood in the context of educational transformations, the educational system was analyzed as a multi-component phenomenon that consists of some elements, namely: the excellence of educational programs, the quality of teaching staff, methods of managing educational institutions, as well as the level of knowledge of school graduates. Relevant aspects of European pedagogical concepts and approaches were identified, which are important to implement in the Ukrainian educational system. An important step on the way to the Europeanization of Ukrainian education is the concept of the New Ukrainian School (NUS). NUS, as a concept, are distinguished by its practical orientation to the educational process and put the individual characteristics of the child first, which is surprisingly important for upbringing and personality formation. The success of the implementation of any innovative educational concepts primarily depends on the readiness of teachers for their implementation, on pedagogical skills, flexibility and orientation to the success of each child. Only in such conditions can society and parents be sure of the educational services provided.

Fiscal Policies and Economic Growth of Kosovo

Abstract Fiscal policy is of great importance for Kosovo’s economic development. This study aims at analysing the tax system in Kosovo in the theoretical and analytical terms. The data used are secondary taken from state budget and include tax revenues as well as budget expenditures between 2006 and 2018. Observance of tax laws is an essential civic responsibility. In a modern country, which Kosovo aims to be, citizens are required to pay taxes and other obligations which fund government programs, the provision of public services and high standards of education, welfare, health, social support, protection, law enforcement and general infrastructure. All of these can be secured and made possible only in the proper collection of taxes. The study concludes that tax policy plays a very important role in the collection of taxes and duties as well as in the fair distribution of the budget.

Mapping African Student Affairs Research during the Past Interlude (2008-2019) through Bronfenbrenner’s Lens

The research question we pursued was: What are the variations in the themes of research in the African higher education context that will enable researchers to promote student development? This contribution addresses three aspects of student affairs research in the African higher education context. First, it commences with tracing the African position with a document analysis of 121 student affairs research articles published in 34 peer-reviewed journals over the past interval (2008-2019). Secondly, the thematic categorization of the Council for the Advancement of Standards in Higher Education (CAS 2019) was used to determine international publication trends as derived from this document analysis. Thirdly, we applied Bronfenbrenner’s Person-Process-Context-Time (PPCT) model, as an appropriate umbrella research design and guiding framework to review the mapping of African student affairs research. From a comparison between the international CAS categorization and the African categorization, it was concluded that the CAS mapping was largely confirmed by the African analysis, with nine main themes as the foci. Additionally, it was found that four first-hand African themes have not found in the CAS categorization, and significantly limited research was conducted into post-graduate programmes and services (hereafter referred to as PGP's, despite the demands for increased enrolments. The findings suggest that more accurate and continuous mapping of the field can assist policymakers, managers and student affairs practitioners in making more informed choices on supporting growth and development in African higher education, with special emphasis on postgraduate students.

Comparative Analysis of the Physical Education and Health Curriculum Standards between China and United States from the Perspective of Key Competencies

With the increasing world multipolarization, economic globalization, cultural diversity and social informatization, all countries in the world have adopted key competencies as an important part of education research. As a programmatic document of physical education in the new century, physical education and health curriculum standards play an important role in the demonstration and promotion of quality education. The purpose of this study was to compare the Chinese and United States (US) high school physical education and health curriculum standards from the perspective of key competencies. Using literature review, this study compared the high school physical education and health curriculum standards between China and US with five aspects: curriculum nature and concept, curriculum objectives, curriculum content, academic quality, and learning evaluation. The key competencies connotation of physical education and health curriculum standards in China and US are relatively consistent, both of which centered on improving and maintaining students' health and well-being, and were multidimensional including aspects of sports ability, sports cognition, healthy life, social behavior, emotional attitude and values; The standards structure of physical education and health curriculum in China appeared to be more complete (with specific focus on sports skills), the content scope was more detailed, the learning objectives needed to be more specific, the learning requirements were clear, but the learning evaluation still needed to be further enriched; The structure of the US physical education curriculum standards was relatively loose, had clear and multi-level learning goals, high learning requirements, operable evaluation content, with curriculum content focus on cultivating students' lifelong sports habits. We should firmly implement the guiding ideology of health first, adhere to the core quality of physical education, and emphasize the parallel relationship among sports ability, healthy behavior and physical education morality. However, we should not blindly pursue the average development in the specific teaching process. China should pay attention to the evaluation of physical education learning, further enrich its content, especially the evaluation methods and means of students' internal performance. We should correctly grasp the principle of "tightening" and "relaxing" when dealing with the key competencies, and attach importance to the on-the-job training of front-line physical education teachers.

Critical thinking in higher education standards: philosophy at a transport university

Critical thinking in higher education standards: philosophy at a transport university

The Impact of the First COVID-19 Wave on European Vascular Education

IntroductionPublic health was severely affected by the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, imposing major daily life changes across the world, including health services that had to restructure significantly.ReportConsidering the potential side effects on the quality of vascular training, a digital survey (Survey Monkey®) was developed and submitted to vascular trainees from 7 July to 20 September 2020 through European mailing lists and social media platforms. The aim was to evaluate the standpoint of vascular education across Europe during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify possible measures to mitigate the negative effects on vascular trainees. A total of 104 answers across 27 European countries were received. The mean age of the responders was 31.2 ± 3.58 years, of whom 60.6% were male. Forty-four (42.3%) of the vascular trainees actively participated on the COVID-19 front line; 76.9% of them reported a decrease in surgical procedures performed and/or assisted, with 60% reporting a reduction >50%. Emergency procedures were the only surgical activities for 7.5% of the trainees. Annual or final examinations were re-scheduled or cancelled for 16.3% and 10.6% of the participants, respectively. According to the survey, 73.5% of the responders claimed that the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on vascular education and 73.4% agreed the need for “compensation measures” to be taken.DiscussionThe first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic brought a significant negative impact on vascular education. Considering an extended pandemic situation, it is believed that compensatory measures should be addressed to maintain the high standards of vascular education and develop new educational tools for future trainees.

Classical research university: basic information — concept, prerequisites, development

What is a classical research university? What concepts does an institution of higher education of an innovative type include? What are the prerequisites and features of the creation and functioning of a new type of educational institution? What are the basic elements of such an educational institution? What are the features of teaching students in higher educational institutions specializing in research? How are high standards of education developed and put into practice in such educational institutions? The author will try to answer these and many other questions in this article. Based on data collected through qualitative selection and analysis of a wide range of specialized information, a number of relevant academic and professional literature, official documents, in particular laws, regulations, directives, etc., as well as a number of service information and educational portals of leading research universities of the world, a scientific study was launched on the creation, development and functioning of classical research universities in Ukraine and the world. The article outlined the prerequisites for the emergence of a classical research university in Europe. The concept of academic entrepreneurship and the relationship between it and research universities are explained. Explanations of scientific cooperation within the framework of the “triangle of knowledge” model are given, the basic features of the model are outlined. The problems of the topic and the main tasks that research universities are called upon to solve are highlighted. The essence of the components associated with the activities of the research university is revealed. The publications of scientists, thinkers and other European and world figures involved in the study of the issue of the creation and activities of research universities are analyzed.

General and Unique Communication Skills Challenges for Advanced Practice Providers: A Mixed-Methods Study.

Aims:Advanced practice providers are a rapidly growing sector of the health-care field. Despite their relatively new place in the medical establishment, these providers are held to high standards of education, practice, and communication skills. However, the communication needs of these practitioners are somewhat different than those of nurses or physicians. These skills are even more necessary in specialized fields where providers frequently are involved in discussions of prognosis, goals of care, and end of life.Design:This was a mixed-methods study.Methods:We completed a needs assessment of communication skills for advanced practice providers at a large cancer center in the northeastern United States from June to July 2017.Results:Participants were confident in their skills across several areas of communication, but also endorsed the need for communication skills training, particularly for challenging interactions with patients and families. Advanced practice providers described many challenges similar to those descried by other health-care providers, including general communication skills problems, navigating team dynamics, and goals-of-care planning. However, participants also endorsed communication skills needs specific to their field, including certain patient-centered challenges, perceived/real limitations of their role, serving as the “middleman,” and understanding the advanced practice provider's role.Conclusion:Given the general and unique communication challenges advanced practice providers in oncology face, we conclude with recommendations for further institutional and educational changes to better address these needs.

On the main approaches to creating conditions for training personnel with higher education on an interdisciplinary basis

The paper reviews the regulatory issues in the field of higher education as related to the improvement of personnel training quality based on enhancing the classification of professional educational programs in the Russian Federation. The features of the current state of higher education in Russia, the problems and possible prospects for transformations in this area, as well as the main stages of fulfilling the task of transforming the higher education professional educational programs are discussed. The liberalization of federal state educational standards of higher education and the increased independence of higher education institutions during the development of educational programs taking into account professional standards indicate the need to create an updated classification system for the Russian education. The classification system being developed should become a common one for all types of professional educational programs, including professional training programs and additional professional programs. The paper proposes new approaches to the system structure and basic classification levels of the List of specialties and areas of training, as to the establishment of the conditions for training personnel with higher education on an interdisciplinary basis, taking into account the common subject content of professional activities and providing the conditions for the existence of enlarged groups of specialties and areas of training.

Modern educational technologies as an innovative resource of a higher school teacher's activity

The relevance of the research is conditioned by the growing interest for the use of modern educational technologies in the educational process of higher education, due to the implementation of new federal state educational standards for higher education, as well as forced isolation due to the spread of coronavirus infection. The experience gained while using modern educational technologies needs to be generalized, systematized and extrapolated in order to increase the effectiveness of the educational process. The research problem is as follows: what modern educational technologies can be used in the professional activities of a university teacher as an innovative resource? The purpose of the research is to describe the experience of using modern educational technologies for the activities of a university teacher. The research objectives are to reveal the category of "modern educational technologies"; to present the experience of using modern educational technologies on the example of a digital service in the process of teaching the discipline "Physical Culture and Sports"; to identify the benefits of using a digital service in teaching physical education. The research methods used are generalizations, comparisons, visual presentation. The results of the study are the following: the relevance of the use of modern educational technologies as an innovative resource for the activity of a university teacher has been confirmed; the experience of using a digital service in the process of teaching the discipline "Physical culture and sports" has been described; the advantages of a digital service in teaching physical education as a means of resource and information support have been revealed. Key conclusions: modern educational technologies represent a set of technical human resources that act as a means of acquiring knowledge; relevant educational technology in modern conditions is a digital service; in teaching the discipline "Physical Culture and Sports" the electronic information environment of the university and the Zoom online platform can be used; the use of electronic educational technologies makes it possible to make the educational process more comfortable and effective without interrupting it in conditions of self-isolation.

The Sandbox Model: A Novel Approach to Iterating while Implementing an Emergency Education Program in Lebanon during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jusoor's Refugee Education Program helps Syrian refugee children living in Lebanon integrate back into formal schooling. When schools closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the refugee program adapted to distance learning by developing Azima, a novel program that used WhatsApp to enable children to keep learning. Azima had to respond immediately to the emergency context while maintaining high education standards, and it also needed to find an effective way to test and refine its content quickly. To do this, the Azima program adopted an innovative experimental approach called a sandbox. A sandbox model operates in rapid iterative cycles and uses multiple methods to quickly test a program's assumptions about how it will meet its goals. In this field note, we use Azima as a case study to report on our experience of applying the sandbox model. We reflect on the benefits and limitations of this novel approach in supporting the use of education technology in a crisis situation.

Use of electronic educational resources in preparation of future educator of preschool education

The article discusses the problem of using electronic educational resources in teaching future educators methods of preschool education. The analysis of the study of the informatization of the educational process to achieve educational goals was presented. It was noted that electronic educational resources contribute to improving the quality of training of future specialists. Electronic educational resources have significant informational, didactic and communication capabilities. Electronic educational resources have the following functions: knowledge management, communication, joint student activity in macro and micro groups, knowledge control and assessment. Future educators learned about industry standards in higher education, the scientific foundations of professional activity, the essence of theoretical, methodological and technological training, the readiness of a future educator to learn methods of preschool education. The quality ofassimilation of teaching material by future educators depends on the use of electronic educational resources. It was found that the use of electronic educational resources is associated with the following aspects: educational and methodological aspects, such as the gradual assimilation of material by modules; organizational aspects, such as conducting training in a group and individually; aspects of control and evaluation, such as exercising control based on materials from a discipline. The consistent mastering by master's degree students of semantic modules of academic discipline by means of tools of electronic educational resources is presented. It is proved that future educators (master's degree students) understand the technological possibilities of using Prezi's multimedia presentation in education; they have the idea of a BibMe service for creating bibliographic references in the styles of APA, Chicago; students understand the synchronous andasynchronous modes of training for participants based on the program Adobe Acrobat Connect Pro; they own the technology and information tools of Moodle; they use Google Cloud cloud technology to implement the functions of communication, collaboration.

Software for Electronic Portfolio of Students of the Russian Higher Education

The purpose of the study. For Russian universities, the problem of choosing the form of the electronic portfolio and its software is relevant; ensuring the formation of the electronic portfolio of the student is fixed in the requirements for the electronic information and educational environment of the educational institution by the current federal state standards for higher education in Russia. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations on the choice of software based on the generalization of the practice of using the author’s capabilities of foreign and domestic software to organize work on the management of the electronic portfolio by students. The study was made as another step in the author’s development of the conceptual apparatus of the electronic portfolio subject field.Materials and methods. The author of the study has been teaching and organizing the educational work of students with an electronic portfolio since 2007: from 2007 to 2019 at the Southern Institute of Management (first as the Head of the Department of Applied Informatics, then as Rector’s Assistant for informatization and electronic training), from 2019 at the North Caucasus branch of the Russian State University of Justice and Kuban State University as a lecturer of Informatics, Psychology and Pedagogy. Only in the 2020-2021 academic years, students of these two universities during the study of the author’s educational disciplines with cloud tools Google and P7 Office conducted about 400 electronic portfolios. The criteria for comparing the software of the electronic portfolio from different developers were elaborated on the basis of the author’s vision of the functionality of the electronic portfolio in Russian universities as a virtual office of students. To determine the forms of the electronic portfolio used by Russian higher education institutions and the software used by them, the author analyzed the documentation on the organization of the institution’s electronic environment posted on the official websites of universities in the country.Results. During the study of components of the structural model of the investigated problem, the author classified and considered portfolio software options and revealed that the most functional form of the electronic portfolio is an electronic portfolio in the form of an Internet site, designed and supported according to the “software as a service” model. The following criteria were added to the list of traditional criteria for comparing electronic portfolio software from different developers by the author: the availability (number) of training tools for performing training tasks with ecosystem tools, into which the portfolio is integrated, and the presence of registration in the Unified Register of Russian programs for electronic computers and databases. The author supplemented the recommendations on the choice of software for the portfolio of universities with the wishes of its developers and customers.Conclusion. A number of Russian universities continue their own development of electronic portfolio systems “from scratch” without taking into account the existing developments in culture. This circumstance, as well as the fact of the dependence of most universities on foreign technology platforms that ensure the maintenance of an electronic portfolio, prompted the author to show the possibility of creating an electronic portfolio system by modifying the P7 Office ecosystem of office applications, in accordance with the existing example of using Google’s online ecosystem tools for electronic portfolio management.

Forecasting the macrolevel determinants of entrepreneurial opportunities using artificial intelligence models

To date, entrepreneurship researchers have tended to avoid state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques; in this paper, we fill that gap. Based on eclectic entrepreneurship theory, we present an original work that uses artificial intelligence to forecast the macrolevel determinants of entrepreneurial opportunity. Modern artificial intelligence could open new areas for future research opportunities in entrepreneurship and help close the gap between theory and practice. Our empirical analysis offers two major results by using a panel dataset of 149 countries covering 2007–2018 and six machine-learning models. First, entrepreneurs prefer to exploit opportunities in countries with stable economic governance that provide high education standards, health, social capital, and a safe, natural environment. Second, CatBoost regression performs better in predicting entrepreneurial opportunity compared to linear regression and more advanced machine-learning models. Recommendations for policy-makers and managers and directions for future studies are also discussed.