System Of Higher Professional Education Research Articles

Technologies for Designing Professional Educational Training Programs for the Digital Economy

In this article, the authors consider the issues of training qualified personnel for the digital economy at the present stage of higher education development. The article describes the relationship between the emergence of new technologies and high-tech industries and the emergence of new directions and specialties in the field of higher education, requiring students to master new competencies. The concept of "competence" and the problems of implementing the competence approach in the system of higher professional education are investigated. The main definitions and principles of the competence approach to the design of educational outcomes in higher education are outlined. The analysis of published studies and presented software products devoted to the design of curricula is given. An important analytical conclusion is that one of the important points in the development of educational programs is to focus on the needs of production in young professionals with a certain set of competencies, but now most programs of higher and secondary vocational education do not have time to take into account the latest achievements in the technological and industrial spheres. The development of students’ competencies is the goal of educational programs, therefore they should be structured in such a way as to ensure the consistent and systematic development of the necessary skills and knowledge. The authors note that the competence approach in higher professional education is implemented in the form of an approximate basic educational program that forms a model of a specialist whose competencies must meet production standards to perform specific labor functions. The article sets the task to form a set of disciplines that is optimal in terms of labor intensity and levels of competence formation, allowing the most effective implementation of the competencies of a student in the bachelor’s degree direction, taking into account the level of formation and limitations of the curriculum set by the employer. The mathematical model of solving the problem and the technology of designing the optimal competence model of the graduate, taking into account the requirements of the employer, are presented.

Субъектное обучение — глубинный постулат современной концепции высшего (университетского) образования

The phenomenon of subjective learning, discovered by Russian psychology and pedagogy as a higher educational technology of universities, has not, however, been actively developed and introduced into the system of higher professional education. The instinctive (instrumental) acquisition of types of activity experience is similar to the results of animal training. But a person masters all the wealth of socio-historical experience of the activities of previous generations of people, clothed in a word, thought, image. The appropriation of functional and operational mechanisms of a lifetime kind of socio-historical experience of human activity by an individual can be realized only in subjective learning in the form of individual self-study teaching actions and activities in general and cognitive self-assimilation of the conceptual provisions of science. Subjective learning will not take place in full without the student’s self-study in a scientific discipline and the active participation of the teacher as a mentor and supervisor. In the conducted exclusive pedagogical experiment, the search was carried out for the forms of the fundamentally new initiative type of educational practice being discussed — the subject-activity personalized self-learning of students to the conceptual appropriation of knowledge in dialogue with the teacher.

Situational context of environmental university education

The scientific interest in improving the environmental training of university students emphasizes the training technology associated with the disclosure of their personal and professional potential through inclusion in the joint solution of environmental problems not in abstract but in real life situations. The use of situationality for educational purposes creates an internal unity of the learning process and facilitates the professional socialization of graduates. The aim of the study was to develop a model of environmental education for future ecologists based on situational analysis technology. Theoretical and practical methods of system generalization, comparative analogy, questionnaires, pedagogical evaluation, and modelling were used in the development of the model, which provided objectivity and heuristic conclusions. The model created and tested in the system of higher professional education is based on the ideas of ecohumanism, coevolution and sustainable development, cultural-competence orientation of higher education; principles of subjectivity, value-sense saturation, communicativeness, problematization, events, local history orientation. The key concepts of “situation” and “analysis” are defined and disclosed in the context of the work, and their types are identified and justified. The developed model includes target, content, procedural, technological and reflexive-evaluation components. The tasks, activity content and characteristic for each stage of the educational process, environmental cases and types of analysis are considered. The obtained results in the form of basic research bases and the model of environmental education of future ecologists in situational context testify to the promising application of this technology to improve the quality of professional training.

The integrative communicative technologies as a factor in the formation of ecological culture and eco-friendly communication of students

This paper examines the crucial role of integrative technologies in environmental education of students and their impact on the processes of formation of eco-friendly communication. As educational technologies are increasingly integrated into groups, understanding how teachers form an informed attitude to the environment and the society surrounding the student is of paramount importance. Based on relevant research and theories, this study examines various aspects of integrative technologies, including communication aspects and feedback strategies in working with undergraduate students. The article highlights how these aspects can significantly affect eco-friendly communication, environmental education, ecological culture contributing to a deeper understanding and preservation of knowledge, skills and abilities in this area. Changes in the system of higher professional education caused by an increase in the number of problematic environmental issues in society and the world as a whole under the influence of global processes in the surrounding world and society are considered. The study defines ecological communication and attitude, ecological culture in the framework of higher education. The content of the concept of integrative communicative technologies in education in relation to the factor of formation of ecological culture is analyzed.

НАУЧНОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ДИЗАЙНЕРСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ И ВНЕДРЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОГРАММ ПОДГОТОВКИ ДИЗАЙНЕРОВ В 1960-1970-Х ГГ. ХХ ВЕКА

This article traces the events taking place in the field of design education related to the emergence of VNIITE (All-Union Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics) during the Khrushchev thaw in the early 60s of the twentieth century. The purpose of the article is to analyze the influence of VNIITE on the formation and development of domestic design education in the system of higher professional education in terms of training designers, which is undoubtedly relevant to the current reform of higher education. In the process of writing this study, the author used the following scientific methods: systematic analysis of official documents, in particular official educational documents, analysis of historical documents during the Khrushchev thaw, synthesis of theoretical and practical works of designers of the 60-70 years of the last century. The researcher set a goal to see the reasons for the origin and subsequent implementation of educational programs for training designers in order to analyze the current situation of reforming higher education. The result of the work is an exhaustive analysis of the work of VNIITE in the period under study, with the possible inclusion in the content of today's education in terms of training professional designers, the main ideas of the work of this unique institution. In the author's opinion, rethinking the rich experience of the All-Union Research Institute of Technical Aesthetics will help today's researchers to see more clearly the prospects for the development of design education in the post-industrial period of modernity. Further, the author will continue his historical research work concerning the formation and development of domestic design education up to the present time. The article may be of interest to all those who are interested in the history of the emergence and development of design education in Russia.

Проблемы адаптации молодых педагогов в высших учебных заведениях (на примере Алтайского края)

Professional formation of a personality is a multi-level process that covers a long period of human ontogenesis from the origin of professional interests to the completion of professional activity. One of the most important stages, largely determining the success of professional development, is adaptation to professional activity. Adaptation is the process of “entering” a profession, mastering the knowledge, skills, and skills necessary for its mastery. The problem of professional adaptation is of scientific interest from the perspective of various disciplines: pedagogy, psychology, sociology, vocational guidance, acmeology, etc. The conducted research is based on systematic and interdisciplinary approaches. In this article, the authors carried out a theoretical analysis of the problem of adaptation of young teachers, identified and characterized the main types of adaptation: social, psychological, professional. The article contains the results of a sociological study related to the adaptation of young teachers in higher educational institutions of the Altai Territory. The results of the study made it possible to identify the problems that complicate the adaptation of young teachers at the university. These problems fully reflect the realities of the modern system of higher professional education. The conducted research may be of scientific interest, first of all, for students at the stage of completion of professional education, young teachers, as well as for scientists whose sphere of interests includes professional personal development.

The educational environment as a way of prospective teachers’ ecological culture formation while studying natural science courses

Currently, the problem of ecological culture is becoming generally recognized. The ecological direction in the system of higher professional education in the process of prospective teachers ecological culture formation is a noticeable factor. There is a need to systematize ecological and natural science pedagogical education: there is a change of axiological systems, cultural norms and values among the modern younger generation, the issues of ecological culture formation among students of pedagogical universities are not fully considered. The state educational standard of higher professional pedagogical education emphasizes the primary task to form the teachers personality with a high ecological culture, striving for harmonious interaction with the natural environment, a personality that is distinguished by the presence of attitudes, beliefs, and the need for activities to preserve and improve nature. There is a need for the dominant role and responsibility of prospective teachers in solving the issues of ecological culture formation among young people who are able to form a personality that is distinguished by the presence of beliefs of a conscious, careful, responsible attitude to the natural environment. In this regard, the need to increase attention to ecological culture formation among students of pedagogical universities becomes significant at the socio-pedagogical level. Ecological culture is not a specific type, but an integral part and level of human culture as a whole. The priority role in ecological culture formation among students belongs to the natural sciences, which form the foundation of the scientific understanding of the world. At the stage of modern university education, the ecological culture of youth develops on the principles of unity of the historical relationship between the natural environment and society, the social conditionality of the individuals relationship to nature, and the desire to harmonize these relations. The diversity of interaction between society and nature determines the complexity of environmental education, its main principles: a transdisciplinary approach to ecological culture formation, systematic and continuous study of scientific material, the unity of mental and emotional-volitional principles in the activities of students to study and improve the natural environment; the relationship of global and local environmental problems. This is emphasized by many scientists. The leading role in prospective teachers ecological culture formation is played by the educational environment of the university.

Факторы развития историко-краеведческой деятельности советского студенчества второй половины 1950 – середины 1980-х гг.

Introduction. A significant place in the system of higher professional education of modern Russia is occupied by the problem of the formation of civic consciousness and patriotism of student youth, the solution resource of which is a variety of means and methods of local history activities. In this context, it is relevant to study the methodological experience gained in previous historical stages, as well as the factors that determined the effectiveness of pedagogical influence through historical local history. Theoretical analysis. In the course of the study, the main trends in the development of the historical and local history activities of Soviet students, typical for the second half of the 1950s – the middle 1980s, (activization of students' research work strengthening interdisciplinary connections in the learning process, and increasing the role of industrial and educational practice, as socally significant labor activity) have been singled out. Conclusion. A conclusion about the decisive role of the state policy, which determined the emergence of these trends and, accordingly, the need to develop new forms and methods of work in studing and popularizing the knowledge of students' native land history. This historical experience gained can be used by modern practitioners in the process of organizing program and non-program historical and local history activities of students in order to form their ethno-regional self-awareness, which plays an important role in the process of patriotic education.

Creation of young researchers new generation in scientific institutions

The article emphasizes that the course of the leadership of our country on the technological independence of the domestic economy involves, among other tasks, providing enterprises with qualified, highly professional young personnel. In this regard, the task of significantly improving the effectiveness of the training of scientific youth is particularly relevant. Many research teams, including the faculty of VIM, are closely engaged in the development of this problem. In the process of solving this problem, statistical methods were used, documents, archival materials, demographic factors, and the age structure of researchers were analyzed. As a result of the research, the possibility and necessity of organizing a continuous system of higher professional education were identified, including the training of young specialists for scientific institutions on the basis of continuity (master's - postgraduate - doctoral studies). The most important qualities of young modern scientists and innovators should be professionalism, patriotism, continuity and high culture. The results obtained are of practical interest for the training of advanced personnel in scientific institutions, in particular, for the formation of each particular young researcher.

CONCEPTS OF THE TEACHER AND MENTOR: FROM THE ISLAMIC PEDAGOGICAL RENAISSANCE TO THE MODERNITY

The thinkers of the era of the Islamic Pedagogical Renaissance created many works in which the problems of preparing a teacher and mentor were revealed. According to the thinkers of the past, a teacher is an educated, cultured person, a wise mentor, a creator of the child’s personality. These ideas are still relevant today. A modern teacher and mentor needs to increase an active life position, improve personal and professional qualities, develop a creative component, and form a personal brand. In order to form these competencies, it is proposed to use an innovative pedagogical workshop that contributes to the development of the teacher’s and mentor’s creative potential through the use of managerial and educational resources that meets the modern challenges of the education system.
 The purpose of the article is a historical and pedagogical analysis of the views on the problem of a teacher and mentor of the era of the Islamic pedagogical Renaissance and their actualization for modern education.
 Materials and methods. The sources were the studies of Arab, Persian scientists, as well as the published works of domestic and foreign authors who considered certain problems of the pedagogy of medieval Islam and modernity.
 Methods of historical and pedagogical research: comparative - historical monographic, biographical, problem-chronological. In addition, such general scientific theoretical (analysis, synthesis, systematization, classification, generalization, comparison, inductive and deductive methods) and bibliographic methods (annotation, reviewing, citation, abstraction, etc.).
 Results. Тhe pedagogical ideas of the thinkers of the era of the Islamic pedagogical Renaissance and modernity are systematized; organizational and pedagogical opportunities for the development of a personal brand of a modern teacher through the use of innovative creative workshops, territory of the Technopark were identified; the criteria and indicators of the effectiveness of the pedagogical activity of a teacher-mentor in modern educational practice are determined.
 The research materials can be used in the practice of the school by teachers and class teachers, in the system of higher professional education by students, undergraduates, graduate students and teachers of humanitarian secular and Muslim universities and colleges, practitioners interested in the history of Islamic pedagogy and education.

IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERACTIVE METHODS LEARNING IN THEORETICAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR CLASSES

Nowadays, in the educational process of a higher education institution, it is necessary to use modern psychological and pedagogical technologies, which provide for the maximum intensification of the education of a student of higher education, because under the condition of his active activity, what he has learned can become an asset of his mind and personal qualities. The purpose of the article is to analyze the most effective interactive teaching methods and implement them in the teaching process of the discipline "Theoretical English Grammar". The article presents an overview of interactive learning methods and educational technologies that can be implemented in the process of studying the specified professional discipline. With active learning, the student of higher education acts as a subject of educational activity to a greater extent than with passive learning, enters into a dialogue with the teacher, takes an active part in the cognitive process, performing creative, searching, problem tasks. Active learning methods have a number of advantages, they allow to activate the learning process, the ability to put forward and formulate ideas; willingness to take justified risks and make non-standard decisions. The teacher acts as an organizer of the learning process, a group leader, a facilitator, and a creator of conditions for the initiative of those seeking higher education. Learning using interactive educational technologies involves a different from the usual logic of the educational process: not from theory to practice, but from the formation of new experience to its theoretical understanding through application. Under the condition of regular use of forms and methods of interactive learning, students of higher education develop productive approaches to mastering information, the fear of making an incorrect assumption disappears. Interactive training increases the motivation of participants in solving the discussed problems, which gives an emotional impetus to their further search activity, prompts them to take specific actions. Possibilities and practical significance of using the specified methods in the system of higher professional education are considered. The use of interactive teaching methods, which include new methods of "teacher-student" interaction, are considered, and innovations in the process of mastering educational material are identified. Both practical classes and lectures can be conducted in an interactive form (problem lecture, lecture-dialogue, lecture-provocation, lecture in pairs and others). The educational process with the use of interactive technologies and methods allows students of higher education to form social interaction, lively communication, and joint decision-making.

Independent work of university students in learning a foreign language

The article considers the main problems that arise in the organization of independent training of students of non-linguistic specialties in the course of teaching foreign language communication. Independent work in foreign language training in the system of higher professional education is considered as a tool, a means of mastering the system of professional knowledge, methods of cognitive activity. The author has analysed theoretical approaches, Russian and foreign experience of pedagogic work. The methodological and organizational aspects of this problem were studied and structured. Taking into account modern conditions, the pedagogicpossibilities of combining traditional and distance forms of organization of independent work of students are considered. Based on the conducted experimental types of training, the optimal forms of presentation and organization of educational material were identified, aimed at developing students' abilities of creative thinking, research work with extended language material, independent organization of educational activities, and the individual approach to the implementation of educational tasks. As a result, methodological requirements and methods for optimizing the independent learning activities of university students in the new conditions of the hybrid system of the educational process at the university based on foreign experience and original research have been developed. The role of the teacher in the organization of independent activity, personalization of the language material, stimulation of the skills of its critical comprehension is shown. All presented organizational and pedagogic strategies have shown their effectiveness and can be implemented in the process of linguistic training of university students. Methodological grounds can serve as guidelines in the creation of educational and methodological developments.

Social and Humanitarian Support for the Professional Development of an Employee of the Internal Affairs Bodies

The object of research in the article is the process of professional development of an employee of the internal affairs bodies in the system of higher professional education. The subject of the study is the social and humanitarian support of the process of professional development of an employee of the internal affairs bodies. Social and humanitarian support is understood as the process of creating psychological and pedagogical conditions for optimizing the interaction of psychological and pedagogical support for self-actualization of the student's personality as a necessary condition for an in-depth understanding of modern problems of social and humanitarian knowledge and the existential orientation of the teacher's personality. The axiological component of this interaction is the creation of specific situations in the educational activities of the future employee of the internal affairs bodies, which requires him to psychologically move away from the state of learned helplessness, imitation of the understanding of the lack of subjectivity. The novelty of the research lies in the combination of problem-based learning and the student's psychological preparedness for action in extreme situations. This combination is achieved by combining modern psychological knowledge and practices with the social construction of the reality of the educational environment. The interaction of educational psychologists, professional psychologists, consultants and teachers of social and humanitarian disciplines is based on a departure from the existing reality that deforms the personality of the educational environment of higher education institutions of the power profile. The main method here is a philosophical dialogue between the student, the teacher-psychologist and the teacher of social and humanitarian disciplines. The main goal of this dialogue is the creation of groups-meetings aimed at creating a facilitative (helping) environment for self-actualization of the student's self, as a necessary psychological and pedagogical component of his professional maturity.

PREPARING FUTURE TEACHERS FOR DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL CONDITIONS: MEDIA COMPETENCE

The article describes the features of the formation of media competence in the preparation of future teachers for digital education. The authors define media competence, define pedagogical principles and methods of its formation among university students. The issues of the development of media competence among future teachers in the system of higher professional education are also considered, traditional and innovative methods of domestic media education are discussed. In the course of the study, it was proved that every teacher who in the future will carry out professional activities in accordance with the requirements of digital education, having a basic understanding of the directions and principles of media, will be able to turn it into the main tool for improving their media competence. The content of the article is devoted to the analysis of the features of the professional training of future teachers in the conditions of digital education and the determination of the possibilities of forming their media competence. The results of a study conducted in the direction of the formation of the media competence of future teachers are presented.

Competence approach in professional training of landscape students

Landscape design has increasingly become a universal form of environment exploration in terms of spiritual, aesthetic, environmental and functional expediency. The training of a professionally competent landscape specialist with the knowledge gained during the training period and adaptable to difficult modern socio-cultural conditions is among the main objectives of modernizing the system of higher professional education in Uzbekistan. In this regard, there is a need of a renewed vision for training a highly qualified specialist in the field of landscape design.

К ПРОБЛЕМЕ ПРОЕКТНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РОССИЙСКОМ ВЫСШЕМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ

The article outlines the relevance, goals and objectives of the work. Particular attention is paid to the changes in the educational sphere of the Russian Federation. This undoubtedly implies the importance of understanding the relationship between traditional teaching skill (experience) and new ideas in the conditions of modification, reforming of system relations in society, including in the educational sphere, and qualitative expansion of alternative educational opportunities for citizens of our country. The choice of the topic under study was determined by the need to know what new vectors affect the central processes in the educational sphere. The object of this study was the system of higher professional education. The subject of the study is a set of factors that predetermined project-based learning as an innovative basis for additional knowledge, experience through a system of independent research, analysis, evaluation set before the scientific research tasks. The purpose of the study was designated by the task of briefly defining the main innovative directions of project-based learning in the system of modern higher education. The set research tasks were solved on the basis of analysis and study of existing and hypothetical pedagogical innovations, and state regulatory documents governing the activities of the educational sphere. The methodological basis of the study is built on the principles of analytical, comparative, comparative and logical approaches. The basis of the analysis of the material was the problem and empirical methods, used the values of the ratio of the general and the specific, fact and theory in the study. The essence of the concept of "project-research work of a student", criteria of the subject-content side of a research project were analyzed, the basis of the concept of "systematic design" and optimal terms of project implementation were considered, the most acceptable requirements for the implementation of student research works were analyzed. The prospects of implementation, development and final values of innovative technologies of student's project research are determined. The paper presents the author's personal view on the specifics of student research papers taking into account the basic requirements for the quality of training of young professionals

To the question of professional and moral criteria in the organization of the educational process

The publication is devoted to aspects of the development and understanding of professional and moral criteria in the organization of the educational process in the system of higher professional education in the Russian Federation. The crisis of the ethical component in the professional training of Russian students is argued , the importance of the development of professional ethics in the development of human potential in the interests of the Russian state and society is shown . A distinction is made between moral and professional criteria for the organization of the educational process . A system of professional and moral criteria in the educational process in the system of higher professional education , aspects of their assessment , as well as recommendations for implementation in practice are presented .

Role of University Strategic Initiatives in Service and Infrastructure Model to Develop the City of State Corporation "Rosatom" Presence Using VЕTI NRNU MEPhI as an Example

The paper considers the model of service and infrastructure development of the city of Volgodonsk which is based on the approach that takes into account the existing potential in the territory of the urban agglomeration and is aimed at a more intensive use of available opportunities. As a result of the implementation of the Strategy of its socio-economic development until 2030, the city of Volgodonsk should become a city of scientific and technical intellectuals. And an important role in achieving this mission is assigned to the Volgodonsk Engineering and Technical Institute (branch of MEPhI). This university is considered as a driver of "intellectual prosperity" of the Rostov NPP location. VITI MEPhI translates in the region the interests of MEPhI as a strategic partner of SC "Rosatom" in the field of personnel training. The development strategy of VITI MEPhI is aimed at preservation and multiplication of the achieved results taking into account modern trends of education development and establishes key objectives, tasks, specific directions, mechanisms ensuring further development of the Institute at the present stage of functioning of the system of higher professional education.

European Education: Phenomenon, Myth, or Project?

The paper discusses issues of reforming the system of higher professional education in Russia. The authors state that the main goals of organizing the European zone of higher education were alien to the Russian educational tradition and were not implemented in Russia over the past two decades. Moreover, these efforts have led to the destruction of the unified educational space of the country, a decline in the quality and accessibility of education, and the loss of value-based worldviews. Analyzing the situation, the authors of the article reveal the underlying causes of failure in the fundamental incompatibility of the socio-cultural paradigms of European and Russian education. A comparative analysis of the activities of European and Russian universities formed the basis for the statement about the necessary and reasonable formation of a national education system capable of a productive dialogue with the Euro-American civilization. The authors speak in favor of the approach would meet the Russian national features and ensure the sustainable development of the Russian educational system.

Engineering personnel for the new economy

The article studies the problem of improvement of training of engineering personnel for our economics according to the new model of its development. The country needs a technological sovereignty for its sustainable development. It is essential to make structural transformation in the economy that needs competent human resources, and especially those with technical education. Technological processes are changing significantly, and, consequently, new professions and occupations are emerging. The article indicates the disproportion on the number of higher educational institutions and the number of students between two megapolises (Moscow and St. Petersburg) and all the rest regions of Russia. The analysis of the functioning of the system of higher professional education in the 2018–2019 academic year has shown excessive contingent of students in the universities of Moscow who study for a fee. The authors suggest differentiating the Bachelors and Masters’ admission plans for school and college graduates. In recent years, our country has faced a sharp reorientation of the evaluation of educational outcomes from the concept of knowledge and skills to the concept of competency. However, the accepted within the educational standards competency approach has failed to become a breakthrough in the quality of the students’ training. It has failed to introduce any cardinal changes in the process of training and up bringing itself. The standards do not contain any recommendations on working out mechanisms of formation of graduates’ competencies for higher educational institutions. The authors suggest differentiating the concept of competency by the signs of its manifestation by an employee in his professional activity. The quality of training of the university graduates is alleged to lie in the field of teacher – learner relationships. The article reveals the need for formation of psychological and pedagogical competence of university teachers and training them to apply new pedagogical methods.