Higher Priority Tasks Research Articles

Accelerating Concurrent Priority Scheduling Using Adaptive in-Hardware Task Distribution in Multicores

Task parallel algorithms execute tasks in some programmer-specified order on shared-memory multicores. A Concurrent Priority Scheduler (CPS) selects high priority tasks, and schedules them among cores to exploit parallelism. The main objective of a CPS is to deliver work efficient algorithmic execution at low communication cost. Selecting high priority tasks among cores requires high synchronizations, but results in near-optimal work-efficiency. The communication cost can be reduced by processing tasks without a strict priority order, but it potentially degrades work-efficiency. This letter proposes HAPS, a novel CPS architecture that utilizes in-hardware core-to-core messages to accelerate task distribution among cores. Moreover, a set of dynamically tunable heuristics are proposed to co-optimize work-efficiency and communication in shared-memory multicores.

The Prospects of genetic resources of horse using in Ukraine

The high-priority task in international and national agricultural programsis to preserve the genetic resources of livestock and develop some ways to use them effectively, because there is a tendency in the world where we can see the reduction of the breed composition of domesticated animal species. Today, horse farms are unprofitable, do not have the funds for expanded reproduction, and accordingly the population of valuable breeds of horses is reduced, the general gene pool is impoverished. The aim of the study was to analyze and highlight the current state of horse breeding in Ukraine, the characteristics of domestic breeds of breeding horses, which are the basis for breeding work, and forecasting their importance in the breed process. To analyze the state of development of horse breeding in Ukraine, the State Register of subjects of breeding in animal husbandry for 2005-2018 and the data of long-term research in the field of horse breeding in Ukraine were used. There were used the methods of system generalization, graphic, analytical and comparative-statistical. The analysis of the state development of horse breeding in Ukraine has been carried out. It was also proved that in the conditions of a long crisis for the last 14 years pedigree horse breeding in Ukraine has undergone a significant decrease in the number of livestock, narrowing of the breed structure and change of ownership. At the beginning of 2019 in Ukraine, according to the State Register of Breeding Entities in Animal Husbandry, there are 38 breeding entities: 18 stud farms, 20 breeding breeders. The largest number of breeding horses is concentrated in the eastern regions of Ukraine: Luhansk, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kirovohrad, Zaporizhia. It is established that the leaders in the number of factory breeds of horses are the Ukrainian horse, Orel trotter and purebred horse. During the period from 2005 to 2019, the horse breeding industry in Ukraine suffered significant losses, and the number of breeding horses decreased more than twice. However, over the last year in Poltava, Kyiv, Khmelnytsky regions there have been tendencies to increase the number of breeding horses. Some breeds of horses can be used both in the breeding process and for custom of crossbreeding for sports. Key words: breed, horse farm, breeding breeder, livestock, stallion, mare, foal yield.

Mechanisms of Antiviral Activity of Cistus Salviifolius Extract Against Human Respiratory Viruses

Influenza and ARVIs are the most common forms of infectious respiratory diseases in humans. In this regard, the search and development of means for the prevention and treatment of viral infections is a high priority task. The aim of this study was to assess the mechanisms of the antiviral activity of sage-leaved rock-rose extract (Cistus salviifolius) against the causative agents of influenza and ARVIs in humans. In the course of the study, it was shown that C.salviifolius extract inhibits reproduction of influenza viruses A(H1N1), A (H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), A(H5N2), A(H7N9) and influenza B virus. The extract showed maximum virus-inhibiting activity at the early stages of the viral cycle (0–2 hours after infection). C.salviifolius extract significantly reduced the hemagglutinating activity of the virus, and at the same time did not affect the fusogenic properties of viral hemagglutinin. Transmission electron microscopy was used to demonstrate that the cistus extract prevents the absorption of influenza virions on the surface of cells in culture. The inhibitory activity of the extract against other human respiratory viruses, parainfluenza virus and adenovirus, was also shown. The protective activity of C.salviifolius extract was demonstrated when applied intranasally during the experiments on a model of influenza pneumonia in mice. The degree of this activity was in inverse proportion to the time window between the application of the extract and the infection of the animals. The virus, pre-incubated with C.salviifolius extract, did not cause death in the animals. The data obtained indicate that C.salviifolius extract serves as an effective and broad-range means of preventing respiratory viral infections in humans.

Optimization and Simulation of a Reasonable Scheduling Model under Multiple Tasks in Company Management

With the rapid development of market economy, the task scheduling model has become the core problem in the field of corporate management. In order to solve the problem that the stability of the model will decline due to the interference of human factors in the process of multitask scheduling in the traditional algorithm, a reasonable scheduling model based on the priority principle is proposed in this paper. This paper expounds the principle of multitask scheduling in company management, constructs a multitask scheduling network model based on priority, performs virtual scheduling on the model, searches the optimal solution in the solution space of the scheduling problem, and obtains the reasonable multitask scheduling method in the company management. Through the analysis of relevant simulation experiments, it can be concluded that the task scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper can not only allocate the corresponding resources for high-priority tasks effectively, but also can save the cost, so as to show better execution efficiency.

Automatic control system based on iot data identification

<p>Recently, as the Internet of Things (IoT) technology has developed, researches are rigorously conducted to construct smart environments such as smart home, smart grid, and industrial IoT. However, currently existing systems consists of a series of events, and even if an existing task is running, unnecessary work still occurs as both works happen simultaneously. In this paper, we propose an automatic work control system to solve this problem. The proposed system transmits the data measured by the sensor to the server and identifies non - real - time tasks such as real - time work which is related to the dangerous situations, ventilation and temperature control. In addition, priority among the tasks is set in a way that existing tasks are stopped when high priority tasks occur. Accordingly, this can reduce the unnecessary waste of power, and the user is able to receive a proactive service.</p>

Reproductive performance in virgin pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) females fed different dietary levels of arachidonic acid with respect to the duration of spawning induction

Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) is a species of significant importance for the further development of intensive aquaculture, what makes the total control over species’ reproductive cycle a high priority task. The present study aimed to assess the effect of arachidonic acid (AA) dietary enrichment on the reproductive performance in virgin females (two-years-old; individual weight 1.0 ± 0.2 kg) kept in fully controlled conditions with respect to different time of hormonal application. Two groups of breeders, ARA (fed AA enriched diet) and CTRL (fed control feed), were reared in two separated tanks of the recirculation system over the course of seven months. Five, six, and seven months after the start of trial, batches of five pairs of breeders (in total 15 pairs per each feeding group) from each group were hormonally treated. Ovulations occurred after six and seven months (oocyte diameter range 912−1030 μm), and samples of dry eggs were taken for the analysis of fatty acid profiles. Among the parameters of reproductive success, the embryo survival was significantly affected by the diet, while induction duration affected latency time only. The CTRL group females showed overall higher embryo survival across both reproduction occasions (p = 0.028) than group fed AA enriched diet (35.7 ± 17.1 % and 18.6 ± 13.6 % in CTRL and ARA group, respectively). A significant accumulation of AA was found in ARA group eggs in both reproduction batches. Virgin pikeperch breeders appear to keep at least one month plasticity towards the duration of spawning induction in controlled conditions and optimal oocyte diameter range for artificial reproduction is between 900−1000 μm. Levelling dietary AA with eicosapentaenoic acid during the entire photothermal protocol negatively altered the egg quality.

Települési vízgazdálkodásunk finanszírozási rendszere a 2021–2027 közötti pályázati ciklus tükrében

A víz egyre élesebb biztonsági deficitként jelenik meg a föld lakosságának preferenciarendszerében. Közgazdasági szempontból is jelentős potenciállal rendelkeznek azon országok, ahol a vízzel megfelelően gazdálkodnak. Az éghajlatváltozás következtében a hozzáférhető édesvízkészletek tekintetében fokozódó nyomás nehezedik Magyarországra, és több régióban is a kereslet és a kínálat aszimmetriája figyelhető meg. Az egyre szélsőségesebb időjárási jelenségek negatív hatással vannak a vízellátásra. Az időben és térben váltó vízkészletek közép- és hosszútávon jelentős negatív hatással vannak a környezetbiztonságra, és össztársadalmi szinten is éreztetik hatásukat. A szélsőségeknek való kitettség pedig korlátozza Magyarország versenyképességét, gazdasági stabilitását. A különböző gazdasági ágazatok vízigénye miatt egyre kiélezettebb verseny folyik a vízért, mint erőforrásért, miközben nemcsak vízkészleteink mennyiségét, hanem minőségét is óvnunk kell. Településeink még inkább kitettek, sérülékenyebbek az éghajlatváltozás hatásainak, ezeken a területeken koncentrálódik a népesség és a gazdasági tevékenység többsége, és a városok sok esetben a klímaváltozás szempontjából érzékeny (például árvízzel vagy belvízzel, aszállyal veszélyeztetett) területeken helyezkednek el. A városi vízrendszer – amely magába foglalja az ivóvízellátó rendszert, a szennyvíz-, a csapadékvízelvezető és tisztító rendszert – különösen veszélyeztetett, mivel az éghajlatváltozás főleg a víz körforgásának megváltozásában nyilvánul meg (Buzás, 2015). Az Országos Vízügyi Főigazgatóság tevékenység-portfóliójában új elemként jelenik meg a települési vízgazdálkodás, csapadékvíz-gazdálkodás. A Belügyminisztérium fontos ágazataként szükséges a téma napirendre tűzése. A települési vízgazdálkodást, csapadék-vízgazdálkodást megalapozó műszaki, gazdasági és jogi keretek kidolgozása kiemelt feladat a magyar vízügyi igazgatás számára. A feladatok, az általános célkitűzések között szerepel a valós és tényleges digitális alapokon nyugvó vízgazdálkodás továbberősítése, illeszkedve a Nemzeti Vízstratégiában (Kvassay Jenő Terv) nevesített célállapotok eléréséhez. A települési csapadékvíz-gazdálkodás területén különösen fontosak a megelőző intézkedések (legyen szó akár szerkezeti vagy nem szerkezeti intézkedésről). A fejlesztések tervezése során fontos a vizek helyben tartásának lehetőség szerinti megvalósítása olyan tározók építésével, amelyek alkalmasak mind a rendkívüli áradások, felhőszakadások kártételei elleni védekezésre, mind a lokális vízvisszatartásra, jóléti és ökológiai célokat, hasznosításokat is támogatva, amennyiben azok nem szorítják háttérbe a tározók alapvető funkcióját. A tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa a vízügyi ágazat által elkészített nem szerkezeti intézkedéseket, illetve az önkormányzatok esetében összefoglalja a 2016 és 2019 között – országos szinten – megvalósult és folyamatban lévő kockázatcsökkentő települési vízgazdálkodással, települési csapadékvíz-gazdálkodással összefüggő beruházásokat, illetve javaslatokat fogalmazzon meg a 2021–2027 közötti időszak forrásfelhasználására.

Non-anaesthetic effects of modern halogen-containing anaesthetics

Many patients undergo surgery under general anaesthesia each day. One of the high-priority tasks for an anesthesiologist is to protect tissues from a systemic inflammatory reaction or oxidative distress (including ischaemia/reperfusion). This review aims to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of general anaesthesia in experimental and clinical studies.Halogenated anaesthetics lead to the inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a key enzyme in the implementation of cellular damage mechanisms and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). These mechanisms are implemented through the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κB. As a result of NF-κB activation, gene expression responsible for proinflammatory cytokine synthesis follows, activating leukocytes and disrupts endothelial cell junctions, leading to a disruption of the endothelial barrier, leukocyte infiltration into tissues, and the development of SIRS. Furthermore, GSK-3β phosphorylation causes an increase in the level in neuronal cells and hepatocytes of transcription factor Nrf2, which is a master regulator of enzyme levels of antioxidant defence in the cell.Thus, halogenated anaesthetics interfere with different elements responsible for the implementation of SIRS and oxidative distress in addition to limiting disturbing factors during the development of multiorgan failure and endothelial dysfunction in experimental sepsis and a model of ischaemia/reperfusion. Understanding these processes can help to reduce many complications during the post-operative period.Received 9 January 2020. Revised 6 April 2020. Accepted 7 April 2020.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Author contributionsConception and study design: O.A. Grebenchikov, Y.V. Skripkin, V.V. Likhvantsev Drafting the article: O.A. Grebenchikov, Y.V. Skripkin, O.N. Gerasimenko, K.K. Kadantseva, A.L. Bachinskiy, L.B. Berikashvili, V.V. Likhvantsev Critical revision of the article: О.А. Grebenchikov, K.K. Kadantseva Final approval of the version to be published: O.A. Grebenchikov, Y.V. Skripkin, O.N. Gerasimenko, K.K. Kadantseva, A.L. Bachinskiy, L.B. Berikashvili, V.V. Likhvantsev

Technology Focus: Unconventional Resources

The dramatic plunge in oil price will be the impetus to transform our industry again. No segment of the industry has embraced innovation more than have unconventionals. At the core of this innovation has been an approach to solving complex problems that had no known solutions before the 2000s. An opportunity now exists to further develop the way we solve problems by adopting agile work flows. Originating from software development in 2001, agile work flows will be a key part of driving the oil and gas industry to its next level of efficiency. Here are three reasons why. Accelerated Delivery of Executable Program. Developing projects that are economical in a depressed oil price environment requires multidisciplinary problem-solving in an accelerated, time-efficient manner. The traditional subsurface work flow that generates these projects experiences difficulty because typically it is designed for known problems (e.g., standard well designs) and requires many handoffs between functional groups, leading to extended project cycle times. Critically, the longer the accepted project cycle time, the less optimization can occur and the less the business can tolerate. An alternate agile approach is to perform key steps of the project as multidisciplinary sprints. These are fast-loop, multidisciplinary activities that require active involvement of the customer and decision-makers - temporary, fully dedicated, empowered teams that aim to reach completion within a defined time frame. Stability in a Time of Change. Maintaining frequent staff engagement is critical during a time when staff members are uncertain about their jobs and often are working remotely. Agile work flows that include daily check-ins or standup meetings are required to provide a regular cadence for staff members and allow for course corrections in response to a volatile market. Flexibility. A flexible, fully committed work force is never more necessary than now. Agile and sprint work flows promote flexibility, directing staff to the task of highest priority and thereby maximizing staff utility. An agile culture promotes staff members who work beyond their traditional geographical or even functional areas.

Set-based collision avoidance applications to robotic systems

A robotic system can consist of a single or multiple agents with a fixed or mobile base, with full or under-actuation, and possibly redundancy. Collision avoidance is a crucial task for any robotic system and is necessary to ensure safe operation. In this paper, we use a set-based approach to ensure collision avoidance as a high-priority task of a robotic system while simultaneously defining one or more tasks for the system to achieve. The set-based approach is highly generic and flexible, and we present theoretical results, practical implementation and experimental results of the approach applied to a redundant, fully actuated robot manipulator, a full-scale underactuated surface vessel and a multi-agent system of unicycles.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, CYP2C9 Genotyping and Phenotyping in the Treatment of Diabetes with Glibenclamide Products

Rational use of glybenclamide products in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes remains a high-priority task. The paper offers a summary of the main groups of glibenclamide drugs and describes pharmacogenetics of glybenclamide. Glibenclamide is metabolized by the enzyme cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9). Individuals with genetically determined low CYP2C9 activity are at an increased risk of hypoglycaemia. Carriers of CYP2C9*3 and CYP2C9*2 alleles tend to have higher concentrations of glybenclamide in blood and increased insulin secretion. Pharmacogenetic testing of patients and drug concentration monitoring using HPLC-MS can help reduce the risk of hypoglycemia during glibenclamide treatment. Based on literature review the authors selected the method characterised by a simple sample preparation procedure, short analysis time, and a wide analytical range for the substances being determined. This method can be useful both for bioequivalence studies and evaluation of glibenclamide products interchangeability. Glibenclamide pharmacokinetics is characterised by high interindividual variability. This may lead to both an increased risk of hypoglycemia and drug inefficacy, therefore, when prescribing glibenclamide, a physician should carefully control the efficacy and safety of drug therapy.

THE STUDY OF THE FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE SYNTHESIZED ALUMINUM-NICKEL-MOLYBDENUM HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS

The process of hydro-desulfurization of various mineral oils, which play a big role in the modern oil refining technology, continues to improve intensively and its value increases. Despite the fact that nowadays, hydro treating is one of the largest catalytic processes in the modern oil refining industry, the power of hydro desulfurization in the world is estimated as 950 million tons a year. So, it can be concluded that the study of hydro treating catalysts, the chemistry of hydro-desulfurization processes are the high priority tasks leading to the technological solving of the problem of hydro treating process. Moreover, it is also necessary to study other major issues related to the hydro treating process: study of the interaction between active metals and carriers; reactions in the solid phase as swell as issues of oxide reduction or their conversion to sulfides. The determination of the surface state in equilibrium conditions, the amount of the coke deposits, the stoichiometry of the catalysts, its changes during activation and regeneration during catalytic process. This article outlines the development of the production of highly active aluminum-nickel-molybdenum catalysts for hydro treating distillate raw materials, improving its physical and chemical properties and activity by modification of the carrier and by studying of the influence of activation conditions. KEYWORDS: hydrogenation activity, sulfurization of Al-Ni-Mo catalyst, activity of the catalyst, thiophene hydrogenolysis.

Enrichment and immobilization of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes by dopamine functionalized conjugated polymer

Recent advances in the enrichment of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWCNTs), particularly via conjugated polymers extraction, allow for their wide applications with unique performances, especially for transistors and sensors. Both the low-cost enrichment and convenient device fabrication of s-SWCNTs have become high-priority and challenging tasks. In this study, we demonstrate that a dopamine functionalized thiophene-fluorene copolymer has the capability of selectively dispersing not only HiPco (0.7–1.2 nm) but also large diameter Arc-Discharge (1.2–1.7 nm) s-SWCNTs with a high efficiency and certain chirality in polar solvent tetrahydrofuran. Moreover, it is convenient to immobilize the obtained conjugated polymer wrapped s-SWCNTs on universal substrates, such as films and particles, based on the dopamine structure feature, which would facilitate the further development of their multifarious applications.

Study of extractants selectivity for extraction of organosulfur compounds from model solutions

Extraction of sulfur compounds from oil and petroleum products is a high priority task associated with tightening of the criteria of fuel quality control, negative impact of sulfur on the processing and storage of crude oil, environmental safety, as well as widespread use of organosulfur substances in different industries. The selectivity of several organic and inorganic extractants (methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, 15% NaOH, PEG 4000, PEG 200, diethylene glycol, monoethanolamine, dimethylacetamide, n -methylpyrrolidone) in relation to thiophene, dibenzothiophene, thiophenol, dodecanethiol and metilsulfide was studied for model solutions of organic sulfur compounds in n -heptane and n -octane. Extraction was carried out under static conditions. Sulfur content in the initial sample and in the sample after extraction was determined using an x-ray fluorescence analyzer SPECTROSCAN S. Chromatographic analysis of the samples was performed on an Agilent gas chromatograph with a mass-selective quadrupole detector. The selectivity of the studied extractants in relation to the studied groups of sulfur compounds was assessed through recovering (%) of a particular sulfur compound. It is shown that acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and n -methylpyrrolidone are the most effective extractants for thiophene extraction. Methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, PEG200, diethylene glycol, monoethanolamine, dimethylacetamide and n -methylpyrrolidone are capable of extracting a wide range of organosulfur compounds from model solutions. Aqueous solutions of PEG 200 and PEG 4000 provide extraction less than 11% of organosulfur compounds, whereas 15% NaOH solution and a mixture of 50% NaOH:ethanol (1:2) are selective extractants for aliphatic mercaptans and provide up to 99% extraction of thiophenol and dodecanthiol, respectively. It was found that n -methylpyrrolidone, dimethylacetamide and N,N-dimethylformamide have the highest extraction capacity among the studied extractants. A series of studies gives ground to propose a possible extraction scheme for recovery of mercaptans from a mixture of organosulfur compounds.

AN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY OF WAFFLES WITH FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES

The high-priority tasks of today’s confectionery industry include the development and introduction of functional-purpose confections. These products are supposed to be of high technological qualities, be effective in production to the extent possible, and have physiological functional properties due to the physiologically valuable ingredients in their composition. These ingredients include the synbiotic complex composed of probiotics (bifidobacteria, lactobacilli) and prebiotics (inulin and lactulose). This complex has been studied in this research. The paper gives reasons why waffles with fatty fillings are the ones to which the synbiotic complex should be added. It has been established what mass fraction of the ingredients at what stage of fatty filling production should be added. It has been studied how the synbiotic complex affects the structural and mechanical properties of the fatty filling: its effective viscosity, adhesive strength, and critical shear stress. It has been found that the maximum shear rate that still allows obtaining a high-quality filling is 5.4 s-1. The specific pull-off force of the fatty filling with the synbiotic added becomes lower compared to that of the control sample. This helps reduce the energy consumed in the course of moulding waffles. An innovative manufacturing technology for waffles with synbiotic supplements has been developed and proved practical. It includes the stages of preparing microencapsulated microorganisms and adding prebiotics, and provides the technological parameters of fatty filling preparation. It has been established that the synbiotic included into the composition of the new fatty filling decreases the maturation of waffle blocks by 40–45%, and allows reducing the layer of filling to 1–1.5 mm. It has been proven that the synbiotic complex as an ingredient in the fatty filling of waffles will allow developing and manufacturing confections that improve human microflora. These new specialised products will be socially significant, as they will help solve a topical and important task of the confectionery industry: prevent gastrointestinal diseases.

Modeling and Verification of A Timing Protection Mechanism in the OSEK/VDX OS using CSP

Abstract The functions of automobiles are becoming increasingly intelligent, which leads to the increasing number of electrical control units for one automobile. Hence, it makes software migration and extension more complicated. In order to avoid these problems, the standard OSEK/VDX has been proposed jointly by a German automotive company consortium and the University of Karlsruhe. This standard provides specifications for the development of automotive software, this standard has become one of the major standards for real-time automotive operating systems (OSs). Since errors in the automotive OS may pose threat to the safety of people in a vehicle, it is necessary to verify the correctness of the OSEK OS which is used by many manufacturers around the world. Formal methods can be adopted to verify the correctness of both software and hardware. Therefore, we propose a formal model of the OSEK OS at the code level and verify three significant properties of the OSEK-based system. In this study, the code-level OSEK OS is verified to ensure compliance with the specifications. An automotive OS always requires that the systemreacts in a timelymanner to external events and performs the computations within the timing constraints. However, there is a possibility that the running time of the tasks exceeds the timing requirements due to the complexity of the tasks. Therefore, by referring to one of the extensions of the OSEK OS, Automotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR), we proposed tpOSEK, which is capable of extending the OSEK OS with a timing protection mechanism in AUTOSAR in this study. In our previous study, it was verified that the higher-priority task cannot be preempted by lower-priority tasks. In this paper, after improvement made to the OSEK OS model by adding interrupt service routine models and alarms, and extension of the OSEK OS model with a timing protection model, we have verified that tpOSEK satisfies three significant properties, which include deadlock f ree, complete and no timeout. These properties represent the basic conditions for the systemto run smoothly. If such properties as deadlock f ree and complete are satisfied, it means no deadlock is encountered by this system and all of the tasks can be scheduled completely. Moreover, if the property timeout cannot be satisfied, it means that none of the tasks would miss the deadline. Based on the tpOSEK model, the correct timing protection APIs can be designed at the code level. Thus, by extending the OSEKOSwith theseAPIs,we can update theOSEKOS faster and the need tomodify the dependent applications can be removed. Furthermore, we have constructed formal models for two industrial cases based on tpOSEK OS to demonstrate the soundness of our methods.

Improved Schedulability Test for Non-Preemptive Fixed-Priority Scheduling on Multiprocessors

Non-preemptive scheduling is essential to tasks that inherently disallow any preemption and useful for tasks that exhibit extremely large preemption/migration overhead; however, studies of non-preemptive scheduling have not matured for real-time tasks subject to timing constraints. In this letter, we propose an improved schedulability test for non-preemptive fixed-priority scheduling (NP-FP), which offers timing guarantees for a set of real-time tasks executed on a multiprocessor platform. To this end, we first carefully investigate the NP-FP properties, and present an observation why the existing technique is pessimistic in calculating interference from higher-priority tasks. We then develop a new technique that tightly upper bounds the amount of the interference, and show how to incorporate the technique into the existing schedulability test. Via simulations, we demonstrate that our proposed test improves schedulability performance of NP-FP up to 18%, compared with the state-of-the-art existing tests.

ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОЧВЕННОГО ПОКРОВА ТЕРРИТОРИИ СОРСКОГО ГОРНОГО-ОБОГАТИТЕЛЬНОГО КОМБИНАТА (РЕСПУБЛИКА ХАКАСИЯ)

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью изучения воздействия горнодобывающих предприятий на компоненты природной среды. Особенно актуально проведение эколого-геохимической оценки территории Сорского горно-обогатительного комбината (Республика Хакасия), одного из главных предприятий России по добыче и переработке медно-молибденовых руд. Цель: оценка техногенной геохимической трансформации почв в зоне влияния медно-молибденового месторождения для разработки рекомендаций по проведению производственного геоэкологического мониторинга. Методы: масс-спектрометрия с индуктивно связанной плазмой (ИСП-МС). Результаты. Установлены уровни накопления тяжёлых металлов 1, 2 и 3 класса опасности в поверхностном горизонте почв и по глубине почвенного разреза (0–5, 5–20, 20–40 см) вблизи промышленной площадки (карьер и сопутствующие объекты), отвалов вскрышных пород, хвостохранилища, а также на удалении от них за пределами земельного отвода и санитарно-защитной зоны и на территории г. Сорска. Техногенная геохимическая специализация поверхностного слоя почв проявляется в повышенных уровнях накопления Mo (2–126 фонов), Cu (1,5–5 фонов), Mn (7–11 фонов), Cd, Pb, Ni, As, Zn (1,5–5 фонов). Содержание As превышает ПДКп от 2 до 10 раз. Поверхностный слой почв вблизи промплощадки имеет Mo-Mn-Cu-Cd-W-Pb геохимическую специализацию, в северо-восточном направлении от промплощадки и отвалов вскрышных пород – Mo-Mn-Ni- W, хвостохранилища – Mn-Mo-Ni, территория г. Сорска – Mo-Mn-W-Pb-Cd. Накопление Mo происходит в основном в поверхностном горизонте почв (0–5 см) и обусловлено преимущественно природными (геологическое строение) и техногенными (аэрогенное загрязнение во время буровзрывных работ, ветровая эрозия отвалов) факторами. В большинстве пунктов отбора почв выявлена закономерность увеличения содержания Ni, As, Cd, Sr, Cr, Cu и Zn по глубине почвенных разрезов от 0–5 до 20–40 см, что отражает специфику геологического строения территории. Выявлен высокий уровень загрязнения почв тяжёлыми металлами относительно фоновых значений в районе промышленной площадки, вблизи отвалов, а также на территории г. Сорска. Низкий уровень загрязнения определён в районе расположения хвостохранилища. В качестве рекомендаций для производственного геоэкологического мониторинга предложен перечень контролируемых тяжелых металлов. Выводы. Приоритетными элементами-индикаторами состояния почвенного покрова являются Mo, Cu, W, Cd, Pb, Ni, As, Zn. Учитывая факт, что исследования приводятся на территории медно-молибденового месторождения, содержание в почвенном покрове Mo и Cu неизбежно. При техногенной трансформации поверхностных горизонтов почв увеличиваются концентрации тяжелых металлов. Наибольшую техногенную нагрузку испытывают почвы в зоне влияния разработки карьера, отвалов. Увеличение содержание химических элементов с глубинной почвенных разрезов связано с особенностью геологического строения территории. Высокие уровни накопление элементов в верхнем горизонте почв связано с аэротехногенным загрязнением территории за счет переноса загрязняющих компонентов от основных антропогенных источников.

Priority Intensed Meta Task Scheduling Algorithm for Multi Cloud Environment (PIMTSA)

Cloud Computing plays a momentous role for the speedy computation and provides resources to the user on-demand. The conventional single cloud has assorted number of confrontations and they are named as vendor lock-in, resource un-availability, latency, etc. To resolve these conflicts, multi cloud computing is utilized to provide heterogeneous services to the cloud users on demand. Task scheduling is a mechanism used to assign user requests to the cloud server. The proposed PIMTSA algorithm works well for the independent batch of tasks in the static environment. The algorithm is constituted to miniaturize the makespan of the multi cloud systems. It is designed for the batch mode offline multi cloud systems. The priority based approach works to cater the needs of the cloud user. High priority and low priority tasks are the two different priority levels defined by the user. High priority tasks are given more importance and are executed in the high speed VM with minimum completion time. But, the High priority tasks with maximum execution time are given more priority. After the execution of the high priority tasks, the low priority tasks with minimum execution time are allocated to VMs with minimum completion time in the clouds. This algorithm provides a high reliable and scalable computing service to the user with minimum time. In future this work can be extended for dynamic multi cloud environment.

«В вопросе об усилении колонизации Амурской области мы дальше опыта не пошли». Из записки уполномоченного Министерства земледелия Н. К. Шумана. 1916 г.

This published note of the qualified representative of the Ministry of Agriculture in the Amur region N. K. Schuman (1916) introduces into scientific use valuable information on the results of the Amur River region development in the last years of the Russian Empire and broadens our understanding of the economic policy of the government in the Far East. The author of the note describes basic economic activities in the region (gold mining, forestry, agriculture, process industry, etc.), effects of the railroad construction on the commerce; highlights unsolved problems that hinder economic growth. The note underscores the “yellow peril”; in the author’s opinion, the widespread use of Chinese workers created a number of threats: risk of being stripped of workers, if a conflict occurred with China, usurpation of industries by foreign workers, and their rapacious attitude to Russian resources. The document develops and supplements the project of planned colonization of the Amur River Region, developed by Schuman in 1914, approved by A. V. Krivoshein, and experimentally introduced in the Ulminsk district of the Amur region in 1914-1916. The author of the note concludes that reinforcement of the Russian colonization of the Amur region ended in single attempt; while this high-priority task remained unsolved it was impossible to promote economic prosperity of the region. Schuman’s proposals on state regulation of the resettlement and its transfer from Siberia to Far East (including temporary prohibition of settlement in Siberia) are also of interest. The note is stored in the Russian State Historical Archive of Far East (fond 810); its publication is preceded by an introduction, which reconstructs Schuman’s career and the circumstances in which the published document was created, thus helping to better understand its purpose and content.