Higher Institutions Research Articles

A Roadmap to Industry Based Curriculum in Higher Education Through Public-Private Partnership Model

Higher education in any country plays an important role in nation building. Education system has a social agenda to develop its human resource in a better way to meet the requirements of society. Several reforms were introduced to promote quality in higher education and make education accessible to every society. The continuous amendments in education policies are required to meet the present expectations of industry. The traditional approach of rote learning and memory level teaching shall not work out in the modern times where the requirements of industry are changing frequently. There is a need of an hour for the higher institutions to shift their approach from academic based curriculum to industry-based curriculum. Many higher education institutions are struggling to provide quality, affordable education and research to its end users. Thus, a collaborative approach needs to be followed in the form of public-private partnership model for facilitating practical learning in higher institutions and preparing the future budding managers to bridge the gap between skills required to meet industry expectations and the skills they possess. The aim of this paper is to explore about the PPP model for promoting industry-based curriculum in academics. The study is purely secondary in nature followed with exploratory research-design for giving a broader view on implementation of PPP model in higher institutions. The present study provides an integrated process through which the effectiveness and working of PPP model is well-explained.

Redefining chronic mountain sickness: insights from high-altitude research and clinical experience

Abstract Chronic Mountain Sickness (CMS), characterized by increased red blood cells above average values traditionally attributed to chronic hypobaric hypoxia exposure, is being redefined in light of recent research and clinical experience. We propose a shift in perspective, viewing CMS not as a singular entity but as Poly-erythrocythemia (PEH), as the Hematocrit/Hemoglobin/Red Blood Cells (Ht/Hb/RBCs) increase constitutes a sign, not a disease reflecting a spectrum of oxygen transport alterations in multiple diseases in the chronic hypoxia environment in high-altitude populations. Drawing on over five decades of experience at the High Altitude Pulmonary and Pathology Institute (HAPPI-IPPA) in Bolivia, we advocate for altitude-specific blood parameter norms and emphasize the importance of correct etiological diagnosis for effective management. This updated understanding not only aids in managing chronically hypoxemic patients at various altitudes but also offers valuable insights into global health challenges, including the recovery from COVID-19.

The effective use of smartphones for teaching and learning among undergraduates in higher institutions

The effective use of smartphones for teaching and learning among undergraduates in higher institutions

Mortality in Patients with Intertrochanteric Fracture Operated Between 2019-2021 in a High Complexity Institution

Mortality in Patients with Intertrochanteric Fracture Operated Between 2019-2021 in a High Complexity Institution

International Crimes and Double Standards

Abstract The law’s aspiration to impartiality, central to its legitimacy, is impaired by concerns that judicial systems treat similarly situated persons or factual situations differently for improper reasons. In few fields is this truer than the sphere of international criminal justice, where the political stakes are high and judicial institutions are relatively young. The conflicts in Ukraine and Israel/Palestine have fuelled claims on all sides that the search for accountability has been marred by double standards. How these are addressed — by courts, states, and civil society — matters for the victims of grave crimes, and for the international justice project itself. This article argues that, while those who wish to advance international justice cannot eliminate double standards, they can adopt concrete measures to combat and minimize them. Given how important perceptions are in this debate, even small steps matter.

The Existence of Pretrial Institutions In The Enforcement Of Criminal Law

<p class="TableParagraph"><em>Milestone Born Based on the Constitutional Court Decision: 21/PUU-XII/2014 dated April 28, 2015, the authority of the Pretrial institution has increased by conducting an examination of the Investigator's actions in issuing a letter of determination of suspects, searches, and seizures coupled with the legality or absence of arrest and/or detention, termination of investigation or termination of prosecution upon request for the upholding of law and justice, and requests for compensation or rehabilitation. In legal practice, there are several Decisions that do not reflect the implementation of criminal procedure law in accordance with the scope of pretrial and create new authority in pretrial.</em></p><em>The norms of authority in the Criminal Procedure Code provide limitations/limitations that cannot be deviated by law enforcement, if law enforcement exercises its authority not based on laws and regulations, then law enforcement actions can be categorized as unlawful acts. Based on Article 24C paragraph 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia of 1945 (third amendment), the Constitutional Court is a high state institution within the scope of judicial power (judicial) and the authority of the Constitutional Court is one of which is to test the Law against the 1945 Constitution. Suppose a decision that grants the application, has an impact on the invalidity of a norm and does not have binding legal force, then by itself, the decision cannot be separated from the Erga Omnes Principle which has legally binding force on all components of the nation, so all parties must submit and obey the decision ( Syukri Asy'ari, 2013). In legal practice, there are several Decisions that do not reflect the implementation of criminal procedure law in accordance with the scope of pretrial and create new authority in pretrial so that how does pretrial exist in the enforcement of criminal law</em>

THE INTELLECTUAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF SOKOTO JIHAD LEADERS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIBRARIES

The paper centered on the intellectual works of Sokoto Jihad leaders and the role of libraries in managing them. The major highlight of the paper includes the rationale for Sokoto Jihad, the Jihad leader’s role in intellectual activity and their contribution to toward the development of libraries. It also concentrates mainly on the trio of the Jihad leaders and the host of others. It further discusses in detailed the struggle made by the leaders in acquiring knowledge, teaching and dissemination of knowledge to the followers via different methods of services. The paper recommends, among others, workshops, seminars, conferences, to be done on the importance of sokoto jihad leaders, open centers of caliphate studies in the higher institutions and beyond, digitized their works for easy access online globally.

Assessing the Factors Affecting the Standards of Secondary School Education in Ehor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria

Globally, the drive towards attaining quality education continues because the development of nations has been linked to the education of its citizens, especially the youth. However, the poor standard of secondary school education has raised so much concern in Nigeria because they do not meet the societal demand regarding quality. Challenges encountered include a stirred population explosion in the classroom at all levels, deteriorating physical facilities; continued inadequacy in funding; recurrent strike actions by all sectors as well and student unrest that leads to a truncated academic calendar, particularly in higher institutions. Hence, the research problem centers on the need to systematically investigate and assess the factors affecting the standards of secondary school education in Nigeria. Thus, the study conducted a comprehensive assessment of multifaceted aspects of enhancing the standards of secondary school education in Ehor Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. The study adopted the survey research design while purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select the secondary schools, teachers, and SS 3 students in Egor Local Government area of Edo State. The main research instrument is a questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed with the use of Statistical packages of the social sciences. Results among other findings confirmed that educational standards are falling in the study area. It further shows significant differences between the standards of education now and in the last ten years. The paper recommends the availability of school facilities and other resources necessary for effective teaching and learning processes that will enhance the standard of secondary education in Nigeria.

Integrating Intercultural competence in University Disciplines, Albanian context

This article contributes to the understanding of intercultural competence at the university level and assesses students’ skills of communication and collaboration to effectively cross cultural boundaries. This research makes a valuable contribution to intercultural education at Higher Institutions by including a perspective on how to contribute to social harmony and exploring the application of Intercultural Teaching competence by the Foreign Languages Department professors across their disciplines at Fan S. Noli University. Studying and appreciating different cultures encourages critical thinking as it fosters open-mindedness and intellectual growth. This article gives a general theoretical view of Intercultural Education in the teaching-learning process. Employing a qualitative and descriptive methodology, the study consists of two main data-gathering methods: semi-structured interviews and group discussions. Interviews were conducted with 15 first-year English Branch students at Fan S Noli University, Korça City in Albania. Students provided information on how Intercultural Competence is promoted, perceived, and acquired through materials in the different university disciplines they learn and how knowledge taught in these subjects can be improved during intercultural learning from their personal experiences. To summarize, the research emphasizes that promoting cultural sensitivity in lectures is essential to creating a respectful and tolerant atmosphere.

Evaluating the Accuracy of ChatGPT in Common Patient Questions Regarding HPV+ Oropharyngeal Carcinoma.

Large language model (LLM)-based chatbots such as ChatGPT have been publicly available and increasingly utilized by the general public since late 2022. This study sought to investigate ChatGPT responses to common patient questions regarding Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) positive oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). This was a prospective, multi-institutional study, with data collected from high volume institutions that perform >50 transoral robotic surgery cases per year. The 100 most recent discussion threads including the term "HPV" on the American Cancer Society's Cancer Survivors Network's Head and Neck Cancer public discussion board were reviewed. The 11 most common questions were serially queried to ChatGPT 3.5; answers were recorded. A survey was distributed to fellowship trained head and neck oncologic surgeons at 3 institutions to evaluate the responses. A total of 8 surgeons participated in the study. For questions regarding HPV contraction and transmission, ChatGPT answers were scored as clinically accurate and aligned with consensus in the head and neck surgical oncology community 84.4% and 90.6% of the time, respectively. For questions involving treatment of HPV+ OPC, ChatGPT was clinically accurate and aligned with consensus 87.5% and 91.7% of the time, respectively. For questions regarding the HPV vaccine, ChatGPT was clinically accurate and aligned with consensus 62.5% and 75% of the time, respectively. When asked about circulating tumor DNA testing, only 12.5% of surgeons thought responses were accurate or consistent with consensus. ChatGPT 3.5 performed poorly with questions involving evolving therapies and diagnostics-thus, caution should be used when using a platform like ChatGPT 3.5 to assess use of advanced technology. Patients should be counseled on the importance of consulting their surgeons to receive accurate and up to date recommendations, and use LLM's to augment their understanding of these important health-related topics.

The role of quality technical education for technological advancement in Nigeria: The interface

This paper examines the interface between quality technical education and technological advancement. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality of education provided as regard technical education in relationship to technological advancement in Nigeria. The research design adopted for the study was a survey. The study was carried out in three public technical colleges in Ondo State. The population of the study comprised all students and staff of the three government technical colleges in Ondo State. There was no sample in the study. Two instruments were used for data collection. The instrument for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire. Drafted copies of the questionnaire with a total of forty items were validated by three experts, and one specialized in Measurement and Evaluation. The test-retest method was used to ascertain the reliability of the instruments. The instrument was subjected to a reliability test using an estimate of internal consistency developed by Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC). The overall reliability index for the instrument was 0.88 and therefore deemed reliable. 103 copies of the questionnaire were administered to the respondents by the researcher and with three research assistants. Percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions. For decision to be reached regarding the mean, the upper and lower limits of the mean were adopted. Finding showed that lack of qualitative technical education hampered the technological advancement and deprived Nigeria from joining the league of developed nations because quantity is replacing quality. Therefore the following recommendation were made; the federal government and state should consider siting technical colleges in each local government areas just as it has unity colleges and higher institutions across the states that will serve as models in times of quality; emphasis must be placed on skills acquisition and technological advancement at all levels of our technical education to produced graduates that do not just have the certificates but skills; funding of technical schools should meet up to UNESCO recommendation of 26%.

Measuring Quality Work-Life of Teachers in Higher institutions – An Indian Perspective

The research paper attempts to reveal the work-life balance among faculty working in educational institutions around rural Bengaluru. It also examines the factors affecting their work and personal life during their life span. The present study will bring new insights and their relationship between these factors and quality of work life (QWL). The variables taken for the study are organization support, job enrichment, job satisfaction, work domain, stress and work life. An exploratory and descriptive research design technique is adopted—the primary data collected through a structured questionnaire using Google forms. A five-point Likert-scale is used to measure the QWL variables. Among the five dimension of QWL, it is evident from the results that organizational support (R square value 0.67) is highly associated with QWL followed by Work condition (R2 = 0.58). Through this study, the management can identify the variables that influence the QWL and try to overcome the issues, leading to employee performance, job satisfaction, retaining, and reduction in overhead. The main purpose of the study is to measure the Quality of Work Life of teachers of private institutions located at Bengaluru Rural region. Also, we analysed the Quality of Work Life across various variables among teaching employees of the private colleges/universities.

Peeling the multiple layers of inequalities in free higher education policies

ABSTRACT It has long been debated as to whether higher education (HE) is a site of social mobility that promotes meritocracy or social reproduction that creates and exacerbates inequalities in societies. In this paper, I will argue that HE, even when democratised and provided free to everyone, reproduces inequalities unless coupled with an inclusive sectoral design, an expansion of funding, and a wider strategy to reduce socio-economic inequalities. To do so, I studied the case of Syria, which has always claimed to have a meritocratic HE system that is designed to achieve equality in society by providing free HE for all since the 1970s. I analysed the database of the Ministry of Higher Education (MoHE) for 15 academic years from 2001 to 2015. This database included data on students’ access and graduation rate divided by the type of education (public, private, higher institutes, and technical institutes), level of education (undergraduate and postgraduate), gender (male and female), city, faculty, and specialisations. This analysis unpacked four types of inequalities, namely education type-based inequalities, specialisation-based inequalities, city-based inequalities, and gender-based inequalities. Finally, I show how gender dynamics and roles are changing in the HE sector as a result of the Syrian conflict.

A comparative assessment of ACS NSQIP-predicted and actual surgical risk outcomes of robotic transhiatal esophagectomy for esophageal adenocarcinoma resection at a high volume institution.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence is increasing in Western nations. There has been a shift toward minimally invasive approaches for transhiatal esophagectomy (THE). This study compares the outcomes of robotic THE for esophageal adenocarcinoma resection at our institution with the predicted metrics from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP). With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, we prospectively followed 83 patients who underwent robotic THE from 2012 to 2023. Predicted outcomes were determined using the ACS NSQIP Surgical Risk Calculator. Our outcomes were compared with these predicted outcomes and with general outcomes for transhiatal esophagectomy reported in ACS NSQIP, which includes a mix of surgical approaches. The median age of patients was 70years, with a body mass index (BMI) of 26.4kg/m2 and a male prevalence of 82%. The median length of stay was 7days. The rates of any complications and in-hospital mortality were 16% and 5%, respectively. Seven patients (8%) were readmitted within a 30-day postoperative window. The median survival is anticipated to surpass 95months. Our outcomes were generally aligned with or surpassed the predicted ACS NSQIP metrics. The extended median survival of over 95months highlights the potential effectiveness of robotic THE in the resection of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Further exploration into its long-term survival benefits and outcomes is warranted, along with studies that provide a more direct comparison between robotic and other surgical approaches.

Effect of Differentiated Instructional Approach on Learners' Participation and Academic Achievement in Biology in Public Secondary Schools in Mbeere North Sub-County, Kenya

Secondary school education forms the academic foundation for the acquisition of knowledge in higher institutions. Science Education is the bedrock for technological advancement in Kenya and the world at large. Biology is a key science subject and forms the foundation of various fields; therefore, it is an essential discipline. The performance of students in Biology has generally been low for the last few years. The ordinary Conventional Instructional Approach used by teachers in increasingly diverse classrooms may have contributed to the minimal performance. This study aimed to assess the effect of the Differentiated Instructional Approach (DIA) on Learner Participation and Academic Achievement in Biology in Public Secondary Schools. Quasi-Experimental Research Design was used in particular, Solomon Four Control Group Design. The target population was 2405 form two Biology students. Purposive sampling was used to select 8 Co-educational County Secondary Schools with a sample size of 360 students. Simple random sampling was used to select and assign the participating schools to Experimental and Control groups. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data, while the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26 was used for data analysis. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in all three hypotheses, with the first objective giving (F117.220, p<0.05), the second objective giving (F 54.049, p ˂ 0.05) while the third objective gave (F 65.417, p < 0.05) significant values. The results indicated that learners subjected to the Differentiated Instructional Approach did better than those instructed using Conventional Teaching Approaches. The study also concluded that DIA improved learners' Participation and Academic Achievement. The findings of this study would be significant to curriculum developers, educators, administrators and will also contribute to the knowledge base for the Differentiated Instructional Approach, forming the basis for further research

The cost-effectiveness of reusable flexible ureteroscopes: An institutional audit.

A flexible ureteroscope (FU) is an important tool in the urologist's armamentarium. This study aims to check the durability and cost-effectiveness of conventional FU. The institution registry of damaged FU over the last 7 years was reviewed. A total of 17 flexible scopes were used. The data of 13 scopes (11 Storz fiberoptic and 2 Seesheen digital) are included in this study. A total of 1905 cases were performed. The cost of scope, duration of use, number of cases done by each scope, and nature of damage were evaluated. We compared the cost-effectiveness of conventional scopes with published costs on disposable scopes. The mean number of cases done by fiberoptic scope was 159 (range 25-334). The total cases done by 2 digital scopes were 135 and 25. The mean life of fiberoptic and digital scopes was 17 (range 4-31) and 8 months, respectively. The mean cost of fiberoptic scope was Indian Rupee (INR) 338,951 ($4082.7221) and INR 525,000 ($6323.7138) for digital scope. The cost per case for reusable scope is calculated by dividing the mean cost of FU by the mean number of cases done. The reprocessing cost of INR 527 was then added. Thus, the average cost per procedure for fiberoptic and digital FU was INR 2658.76 and INR 7089.50, respectively. We compared this cost with a projected cost of disposable FUbased on today's market data, which ranged from INR 60,000 to 107,427. The reusable scopes are durable, cost-effective, and an excellent option for high case-load institutions.

THE NEXUS BETWEEN TALENT RETENTION & ORGANIZATION PERFORMANCE THROUGH MEDIATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATION JUSTICE

This study investigates the mediation effect of organizational justice on the relationship between talent retention & organizational performance amid teachers in the higher education institutions. A sample of 323 teachers was selected from a population of 1666 using a specified sampling formula. The mediation analysis followed three key steps. First, it was found that talent retention significantly predicts organizational justice with 70.9% variance. Second, the combined effect of talent retention and organizational justice on organizational performance was examined, revealing that these factors together explain 88.7% of variance in organizational performance. Finally, the direct effect of talent retention on the organizational performance was assessed, indicating that talent retention alone accounts for 83.3% of the change in organizational performance. In this regard, the analysis confirms that organizational justice significantly mediates the relationship between talent retention and organizational performance, highlighting importance of fair and just practices within institutions in order to enhance the overall performances. It is recommended that institutions are required to ensure fairness in all respect to retain talent and improve performance in higher institutions.

Strategi Rekrutmen Dosen Berbasis Matrik S.W.O.T. di Institut Agama Islam Al Muhammad Cepu

High institution needed the management of employment resources that were suitable, fair, and selective. However, the educational workers from private institution frequently considered as low quality workers because they could not be competitive with others. Al Muhammad Cepu High Institute has a fixed strategies for the recruitment of lecturers from Assistant Professor (AA/Asisten Ahli) up to Full Professor (Guru Besar/GB). In this study, the current researchers aimed to describe strategies in recruiting lecturers. Those strategies was reached based on the S.W.O.T. matrix analysis with the internal and external factors. This was descriptive research by completing the collaborative approach between qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data were identifications of internal external factors and synchronization of any norm and applicable rules related to lecturer’s recruitment. Quantitative data were tabulation of IFAS AND EFAS factors. Next, the writers have found two strategies for recruiting functional-level lecturers that were; 1) open-ended recruitment, and 2) closed-ended recruitment. Moreover, from the current employment data and those applicable recruitment systems, the researchers processed the findings by using the S.W.O.T. approach. This process occurred in some steps like a)identifying internal and external factors, and b)composing IFAS (Internal Factor Analysis Strategy) and EFAS (External Factor Analysis Strategy), c) confirming the statistical rate starts from 0,00 up to 1,00, d) taking the level from the number of 1,00 up to 4,00, and e) making quadrant matrix and relativity ratio, and 4)explain the challenges, obstacles, and opportunities.

Intention for internal whistleblowing to report sexual violence in higher education institutions: a Nigerian national study.

Sexual violence is prevalent in higher education institutions in Nigeria and stakeholders have encouraged staff and students to blow the whistle whenever they fall victim to or are aware of any sexual violence case. However, there is lack of data about whether the staff and students of these institutions have the intention to blow the whistle internally (within the institution) or not. There is also a lack of data on the existing reporting mechanisms or preferred whistleblowing mechanisms in these institutions. These have hindered the analysis of stakeholders' opinions on this topic. This data note presents a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative data set collected from staff and students of three categories of government owned higher education institutions (Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Education) in Nigeria. Data collection was between February and December, 2021, during which quantitative data were collected from 21,937 students and 3,108 staff. Qualitatively, 138 students and 111 staff participated in a total of 35 focus group discussion sessions. The study provides unique information on respondents' attitude, self-efficacy, and subjective norm to sexual violence whistleblowing. It also provides information on self-reported sexual violence experiences, whistleblowing intention, reporting systems in higher institutions and the preferred sexual violence whistleblowing mechanisms. In this data note, we provide a detailed account of the variables in the dataset and then highlight the potential of this study to contribute to improved sexual violence reporting in higher education institutions, thereby reducing the occurrence of the social menace.

Students and Lecturers’ Use of Reference Sources in TeachingLearning Process in a Higher Institution in Oyo State, Nigeria

Students and Lecturers’ Use of Reference Sources in TeachingLearning Process in a Higher Institution in Oyo State, Nigeria