High Light Yield Research Articles

Wafer-scale heteroepitaxy GaN film free of high-density dislocation region with hexagonal 3D serpentine mask

GaN-based III-Nitride compound semiconductors are fundamental materials for high-performance optoelectronic and electronic devices. Low-defect-density substrate has been a major bottleneck in achieving high internal quantum efficiency and high breakdown voltage in those devices. However, a large-scale and uniform low dislocation density GaN film is still hard to obtain on foreign substrates, which is the mainstream economical method in scientific research and industrial production. Here, we present a 3D serpentine mask method of growing high-quality GaN film on foreign substrates without high dislocation density (HDD) areas by designing both sectional and planar shapes of stacked masks. The serpentine channel in the cross-section mechanically blocks the extended dislocations and the hexagonal planar pattern reduces the dimension of coalescence geometry. A wafer-scale GaN epilayer, free of HDD zone, with the overall threading dislocation density of 1.7 × 107 cm−2 estimated by plan-view cathode luminescence, is achieved in the metal-organic chemical vapor deposition system. Then, an array of light-emitting diodes based on this substrate with low forward voltages and high light output powers are fabricated, which introduces a practical method to provide high-quality GaN films for high-performance optoelectronic devices.

0D Hybrid Cuprous Halide as an Efficient Light Emitter and X‐Ray Scintillator

AbstractDespite the extraordinary X‐ray scintillation performance of three‐dimensional (3D) lead perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs), the serious biotoxicity of Pb2+ and luminescent instability in water remain insurmountable obstacles for their applications in medical imaging. To address these drawbacks, herein, the study demonstrates one new lead‐free zero‐dimensional (0D) hybrid cuprous halide of single‐crystalline [BzTPP]2Cu2I4 (BzTPP = Benzyltriphenylphosphonium) as a satisfactory X‐ray scintillator. [BzTPP]2Cu2I4 displays broadband yellowish‐green light emission with a high photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) of 44.2% and large Stokes shift of 167 nm upon UV light excitation. High PLQY and negligible self‐absorption enable [BzTPP]2Cu2I4 to display impressive scintillation performance excited by X‐ray with a light yield of 27 706 photons MeV‐1 and low detection limit of 0.352 µGy s−1, surpassing typical 3D PNCs. More importantly, [BzTPP]2Cu2I4 represents extraordinary structural and luminescent stability in water for at least one month. The excellent and stable radioluminescence performance as well as solution growth method ensure a [BzTPP]2Cu2I4‐based screen for fine‐resolution X‐ray imaging with potential in radiography and inspection. This work highlights the multiple merits of low‐toxicity and cost, high light yield, and long‐term water‐stability of 0D hybrid cuprous halides as highly desirable X‐ray scintillators.

Oleic Acid‐Assisted Nucleation Growth of Highly Luminescent CsCu2I3 Single Crystals and Their Films for Flexible and Dynamic High‐Resolution X‐Ray Imaging

AbstractMetal‐halide perovskites have emerged as one of the most promising contenders for the next‐generation X‐ray scintillators on account of their large absorption coefficients, high light yields, and low‐cost fabrication. However, the existing X‐ray scintillators are plagued either by poor stability or high toxicity. Here, highly stable and flexible CsCu2I3@polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite films are fabricated simply by a facile one‐step drop‐coating technique. Benefiting from the reasonable light yields (24 100 photons MeV−1), short photoluminescence decay time (207 ns), and flat surface, a low detection limit of 39 nGyair s−1 and a record‐high resolution of up to 25 lp mm−1 are demonstrated in these CsCu2I3@PMMA composite films. The X‐ray imaging tests show that the CsCu2I3@PMMA composite films display excellent properties in the dynamic and irregular objects imaging. In addition, the CsCu2I3@PMMA composite films exhibit a desirable endurance to the high‐energy X‐ray's irradiation and the water erosion (photoluminescence quantum yield remains up of 90% of its initial value even after submersion in water for 300 h). This work provides a potential to develop eco‐friendly and highly stable halide perovskite materials for high‐resolution X‐ray imaging.

Luminescence and light yield of Ce3+-doped (60−x)SiO2-xBaF2-20Al2O3-20Gd2O3 scintillation glasses: The effect of BaF2 admixture

Ce3+-doped dense glasses with high light yield (LY) are promising scintillators for use in high-energy particle physics research and radiation sensors for high-energy X- and γ- ray detection. In this work, Ce3+-doped (60-x)SiO2-xBaF2-20Al2O3-20Gd2O3 oxyfluoride glasses have been prepared under a CO reducing atmosphere. Substitution of SiO2 by BaF2 has been made to increase the density, and the effects on luminescence and scintillation properties have been investigated. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass is confirmed by the XRD profile showing an absence of any diffraction peaks. The broad photoluminescence (PL) emission band of the Ce3+ 5d–4f transition in the 330–580 nm range is observed peaking around 385 nm and the PL decay is governed in the range of 46–53 ns decay time. The 10 mol% BaF2 glass with density of 4.54 g/cm3 shows the highest LY value of 1590 photons/MeV and energy resolution of 16.5% in the pulse height spectrum of 662 keV γ rays, and the LY of 141 photons/MeV and energy resolution of 21.7% in the pulse height spectrum of 5.5 MeV α particles.

Light Inorganic Scintillation Materials for Neutron and Charge Particle Detection

The technological aspects of the light inorganic crystalline compounds suitable to create scintillation materials to detect charged particles and neutrons in a wide energy range have been examined. Among them, Li2CaSiO4:Eu was found to be a prospective candidate to control the valent state of the Rare Earth (RE) and to provide a high intensity of luminescence. It was demonstrated that the material has room for future improvement; however, this requires precise engineering of its composition—an experimental search of compositions or additives that will provide the maximum Eu2+/Eu3+ ratio to achieve a high scintillation light yield. The benefits of light inorganic materials are disclosed through the modeling of the linear density of nonequilibrium carriers along secondary particle tracks created in scintillators utilized for neutron detection. It is shown that oxide matrices have a larger linear density in comparison with halide crystalline compounds under alpha-particles and tritons, whereas light oxides can provide smaller numbers under protons.

Photoluminescence and scintillation properties of Ce-doped Al(PO3)3–MPO3 (M = K, Rb, Cs) glass scintillators for gamma- and X-ray detection

Scintillators are used as radiation detectors because they absorb ionizing radiation and release energy as light. Inorganic glasses have significant advantages over inorganic crystals owing to their ease of fabrication, low cost, controllable shape, and thermal and chemical durability. However, large performance gaps, such as light yield and density, still exist between inorganic glasses and commercial inorganic crystals. Here, we present a demonstration of an inorganic scintillator based on phosphate glass with an alkali metal as the host and Ce3+ as the emission centers. This glass exhibits a high light yield of 2500 photons/MeV, which is higher than that of previously reported inorganic glass scintillators (approximately 2000 photons/MeV). The glass is transparent and has a fast decay time of approximately 30 ns, which is attributed to the 5d–4f optical transition of Ce3+, facilitating applications for inorganic glass scintillators for gamma- and X-ray detection. Furthermore, we investigated the difference in the energy-transfer efficiency of the fabricated inorganic glasses by changing the alkali metals. The energy transfer efficiency increases with an increase in the atomic number of the alkali metals; the thermoluminescence (TL) intensity decreases with an increase in the atomic number of the alkali metals. These results suggest that Cs is an optimum alkali metal to achieve a high light yield on phosphate glass scintillators, and they may be related to the difference in the number of electron–hole pairs that do not contribute to scintillation.

Improved fast neutron detection using CNN-based pulse shape discrimination

The importance of fast neutron detection for nuclear safeguards purposes has increased due to its potential advantages such as reasonable cost and higher precision for larger sample masses of nuclear materials. Pulse-shape discrimination (PSD) is inevitably used to discriminate neutron- and gamma-ray- induced signals from organic scintillators of very high gamma sensitivity. The light output (LO) threshold corresponding to several MeV of recoiled proton energy could be necessary to achieve fine PSD performance. However, this leads to neutron count losses and possible distortion of results obtained by neutron multiplicity counting (NMC)-based nuclear material accountancy (NMA). Moreover, conventional PSD techniques are not effective for counting of neutrons in a high-gamma-ray environment, even under a sufficiently high LO threshold. In the present work, PSD performance (figure-of-merit, FOM) according to LO bands was confirmed using a conventional charge comparison method (CCM) and compared with results obtained by convolution neural network (CNN)-based PSD algorithms. Also, it was attempted, for the first time ever, to reject fake neutron signals from distorted PSD regions where neutron-induced signals are normally detected. The overall results indicated that higher neutron detection efficiency with better accuracy could be achieved via CNN-based PSD algorithms.

Fast Ce,Ca:LuAG scintillation ceramics for HEP: Fabrication, characterization, and computation

AbstractHigh‐energy physics community is looking for a hard, fast, and low‐cost scintillation material, and Ce:Lu3Al5O12 (Ce:LuAG) ceramic is one of the competitive candidates. This work presents Ce,Ca:LuAG scintillation ceramics with good optical quality, and the influence of Ce and Ca concentrations on optical and scintillation properties was fully analyzed. At relatively low level of Ce concentration, the less Ca2+ content is needed to achieve a significant intensity increase in fast scintillation component while maintaining a relatively high light yield (LY). The introduction of only 0.1 at% Ca2+ could increase the LY0.5 μs/LY3.0 μs from 79.9% to 96.1% in Ce,Ca:LuAG ceramics of 0.1 at% Ce. First‐principles investigations are further performed to reveal the tuning mechanisms of the scintillation properties of LuAG by Ce and Ca codoping. We show that the Fermi level shifts down with Ca codoping, which increases the Ce4+ content and decreases the depth of the electron traps (VO), resulting to a faster decay. Moreover, the formation preference of Ca‐VO complexes over Ce‐VO leads to the suppression of the non‐radiative decay of Ce via VO. In summary, our study demonstrates the realization of the performance tuning of LuAG via Ce and Ca codoping.

Synthesis and characterization of Ce3+-doped barium-gadolinium-fluoroborate glasses for proton beam diagnostic

By using a melt-quenching technique in an air atmosphere, barium-gadolinium-fluoroborate scintillating glasses with different concentrations of BaO and CeF3 were fabricated. The purpose of developing glasses is to be applied as proton or x-ray energy detectors for medical purposes. Physical and scintillating properties of the fabricated glasses were tested and analyzed, including glass density and spectroscopic properties such as transmittance, photoluminescence, x-ray absorption near edge structure, and x-ray-induced luminescence. Moreover, the glasses were impinged by a 70 MeV proton beam at the Proton Center of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital to observe their proton-induced light emission. The absorption edge of the transmittance revealed that the glasses showed a redshift at high concentrations of BaO and CeF3. The glasses had a broad emission band centering around 400 nm due to the 5d–4f transition of Ce3+ induced by x-ray. The higher light yield was observed at a higher cerium compound glass. Our glass can clearly measure the depth-dose profile of the impinging proton beam by varying different water thicknesses. Moreover, the depth-dose profile results are in good agreement with that of the energy deposition of proton beams in glass calculated via GATE simulation.

Photon-Counting Computed Tomography and Scintillator-Based Detectors: A Simulation Analysis With Scintillating and Reflecting Materials Currently on the Market

During the last decade, Photon-Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) has been quickly developing and it is expected to revolutionize the X-ray imaging field. Rapid development has also been ongoing in the scintillator and photosensor fields: fast inorganic scintillators have become available on the market and the silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) technology has made substantial progress. Therefore, SiPM-based scintillator detectors may soon be successfully applied in challenging applications like PCCT. In this work, a simulation framework is developed to evaluate detectors composed of scintillators coupled to SiPMs. The idea is to combine Monte Carlo simulations and a library to generate SiPM signals. Focus is given to six fast inorganic scintillators currently on the market (Ce:LYSO, Ce:LuAP, Pr:LuAG, Ce:LuAG, Ce:GGAG (ceramic), Ce:GAGG (single crystal)) and different TiO2-epoxy mixtures. The main properties of scintillating and reflecting materials to be defined in the simulation database are characterised experimentally. Using a virtual model created within this framework, an analysis of the performance in PCCT of a SiPM-based scintillator detector composed of the considered materials is performed. Simulated pulses are processed to report on the count-rate capability. Among the studied crystals, Ce:LYSO would enable sustaining the highest rate of interacting X-ray (2.5 Mcps/pixel with 30% of pile-up). Ce:GAGG could also handle a rate ~ 1 Mcps/pixel with identical pile-up conditions. Other materials show a slow decay time in their scintillation kinetics, implicating a < 1 Mcps/pixel count rate. A qualitative evaluation of the energy binning efficiency is also accomplished, by defining this parameter as a quality metric for multiclass classification. Scintillators with high light yield and good energy resolution (Ce:LYSO, Ce:GAGG and Ce:GGAG) present the best energy binning performance, as expected. The dependence of this aspect is explored as a function of the pulse processing method used, the crystals size and the pile-up probability. Resulting trends respect predictions, even though for a more quantitative analysis a more in-depth study is required.

SOLUTION-GROWN TRANS-STILBENE SINGLE CRYSTAL AND ITS SCINTILLATION PROPERTIES

Trans-stilbene single crystals are of great interest for researchers as scintillators characterized by a high specific light yield. Bulk trans-stilbene single crystals have been grown from an anisole solution. The transmission and photoluminescence spectra have been recorded, and the single-crystal photoluminescence quenching kinetics has been investigated. The scintillation properties of an element (17 × 12 × 5 mm in size) prepared from a grown trans-stilbene crystal, irradiated by γ radiation and X rays, have also been investigated. It is shown that the specific light yield of the obtained crystal is no less than that of a scintillation detector (31.5 × 10 mm) based on a trans-stilbene crystal grown from melt.

Tl-Doped CsI/⁶LiBr Scintillator for Thermal Neutron Detection With Ultrahigh Light Yield

In this study, a novel thermal neutron scintillator of Tl:CsI/LiBr was developed. The eutectics were fabricated at the various growth rate and investigated their scintillation properties. As a material design guideline, Tl:CsI, which has an excellent α/γ ratio, was selected as the scintillator phase to realize high light yield at the energy of α-rays and tritons generated by the nuclear transmutation reaction with <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> Li, and LiBr, which has a refractive index close to that of CsI, was selected as the neutron capture phase. Radioluminescence measurement under X-ray irradiation was also performed to obtain the emission spectrum of the eutectics. The light yield and decay time for thermal neutron were measured using <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">252</sup> Cf and were much higher than those of conventional scintillators for thermal neutron. Furthermore, fabricated eutectic can have the higher sensitivity to thermal neutron due to the high <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sup> Li concentration compared to conventional single crystal scintillators. Therefore, we have succeeded in developing a promising scintillator material.

Large-Area Photonic Bound State in the Continuum for Ultraviolet and Deep-Blue Emission for Organic, Inorganic, and Perovskite Scintillators

Optimizing the emission properties of materials in ultraviolet and deep blue (UV-DB) is interesting in development of new scintillator devices for the detection of X-ray, γ-ray and radiation particles as those materials can be strong candidates for high light yield and fast scintillators. While their intrinsic material properties are already well studied, photonic enhancement generated through optical confinement could significantly improve their emission characteristics, however one needs to overcome the problem of relatively low refractive indices contrast resulting in poor confinement of UV-DB light. This motivates the search for resonator structures built from readily accessible materials that can boast strong confinement in this spectral regime. Here, we present such a structure, leveraging bound states in the continuum (BICs) to realize large-area confinement of UV-DB light with ultra-high quality factors up to <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> ~10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">7</sup> . These ultra-high <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factors in turn result in strong enhancements in light emission via the Purcell effect. We demonstrate the operation of such a design by simulating the mode shape, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Q</i> -factor and emission behaviour in organic, hybrid perovskite and III-V scintillating materials. By tailoring the structure geometry, it can be robustly tuned to match the emission characteristics of chosen materials. We start with considering ideal infinite structure supporting perfect BIC and we extend our model on finite sized structures and we discuss the limitations associated with the self-absorption and thickness of the structure. Our findings pave the way to cost-effective and efficient designs for scintillators in the UV-DB regime.

고출력 적외선 조사기를 위한 구동회로 설계와 검증에 대한 연구

This study is about a high-power infrared irradiator. In the case of athletes who perform intense exercise, muscle fatigue occurs due to blood lactate concentration and CK. In order to reduce such muscle fatigue, various methods for reducing blood lactate concentration and CK have been studied, and it has been confirmed through several papers that LEDT is effective. In order to obtain the effect through LEDT, energy of 4J/m2 must be supplied in a short time. To this end, a high-power LED driving circuit was designed to supply the necessary light energy in a short time. It was confirmed that a high light output of 102 W/m2 could be obtained by applying a high current. Through this, it seems that blood lactate concentration and CK reduction can be obtained, and experiments to verify this are also planned.

Flow synthesized LiBaF3 nanocubes as a promising optically stimulated luminescence phosphor

Integrating dosimeters are used in fields like personal dosimetry and radiotherapy quality assurance. Nanoparticles of LiBaF3 have been synthesized using a low-cost, high-throughput flow-synthesis setup and are found to be crystallographically phase-pure. Their radioluminescence (RL) emission shows three peaks corresponding to core-valence-band luminescence, self-trapped-exciton luminescence, and possibly impurity-related violet emission. Optically- and thermally stimulated luminescence (OSL and TL, respectively) overlap spectrally and show only the low-energy violet band, indicating a common luminescence pathway. The rapidly read-out OSL signal is linear in dose up to ∼1 kGy. The main TL glow peak, found around 120∘C, is depleted by optical stimulation, and similarly the OSL signal disappears following a TL readout. The thermal trap depth is found by the peak position method to be ∼1 eV. The high OSL light yield and reasonable fading of the nanoparticles qualifies them as an excellent candidate for OSL dosimetry.

Nanocomposite scintillation perovskite-delignified wood photonic guides for X-ray imaging

Nanocrystalline scintillators with low-cost, fast response, and high light yield are widely used for X-ray imaging. However, they fail in high-energy X-ray imaging because of the fundamental limitations due to lateral radiation spreading in thicker device-compatible active layers. This issue is resolved by using the novel nanocomposite containing CsPbBr3 scintillation single-microcrystalites embedded into transparent, natural wood-derived light-guiding fibrous structures. The CsPbBr3 crystals convert X-ray to visible photons with a high photoluminescence quantum efficiency (76 %), and an average fast photoluminescence decay time of 25.9 ns. The delignified wood-derived fiber-like lumina effectively guide light, while suppressing the lateral spreading of scintillation photons. This unique porous nanocomposite material offers an excellent X-ray detection performance, and linear response in a wide parameter range. The developed scintillator screen achieves well-resolved, high-contrast X-ray imaging, featuring a very high spatial resolution of 11.9 lp/mm at a modulation transfer function of 0.2, thus exceeding the benchmark industry standards and offering a new advanced materials platform for radiation detection and dosimetry applications.

Novel Phenomenon of Scintillation Performances with the Component Variation in the Mg Co-/Nondoped GAGG:Ce Crystal

Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce (GAGG:Ce) shows potential application in the next-generation positron emission tomography material due to its high light yield and excellent energy resolution. The main method currently available to accelerate the scintillation decay time of GAGG:Ce is mainly through the codoping of low valence ions such as Mg2+, which partially converts Ce3+ to Ce4+ through a charge compensation mechanism. However, there is no clear and reasonable explanation for the deterioration of light yield by codoping with Mg2+ in GAGG:Ce. Therefore, further study of the Mg2+ codoping GAGG:Ce crystal is of great importance for improving the scintillation properties of GAGG:Ce. In this study, two sets of GAGG crystal samples containing different Ce concentrations without or with 0.5 atom % of Mg2+ ion codoping were grown by the micropulling down method. The optimal Ce concentration decreases after Mg2+ codoping, whereas the light yield degenerates significantly. This novel phenomenon suggests that the reduction of light yield after Mg2+ codoping is not only due to the reduction of the luminescence center but also the formation of {Ce3+–Mg2+} and {Ce4+–Mg2+} associates affects the luminescence emission. This work can provide a novel and significant view for high-performance codoped GAGG:Ce component design and performance modification.

Emergence of a Lanthanide Chalcogenide as an Ideal Scintillator for a Flexible X‐ray Detector

AbstractThe development of high‐performance X‐ray detectors requires scintillators with fast decay time, high light yield, stability, and X‐ray absorption capacity, which are difficult to achieve in a single material. Here, we present the first example of a lanthanide chalcogenide of LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+ that simultaneously integrates multiple desirable properties for an ideal scintillator. LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+ demonstrates a remarkably low detection limit of 43.13 nGyair s−1 and a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 98.24 %, resulting in a high light yield of 50480±1441 photons/MeV. Notably, LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+ exhibits a fast decay time of only 29.35±0.16 ns, making it one of the fastest scintillators among all lanthanide‐based inorganic scintillators. Furthermore, this material shows robust radiation and moisture resistance, endowing it with suitability for chemical processing under solution conditions. To demonstrate the X‐ray imaging capacity of LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+, we fabricated a flexible X‐ray detector that achieved a high spatial resolution of 8.2 lp mm−1. This work highlights the potential of lanthanide chalcogenide as a promising candidate for high‐performance scintillators.

Emergence of a Lanthanide Chalcogenide as an Ideal Scintillator for a Flexible X-ray Detector.

The development of high-performance X-ray detectors requires scintillators with fast decay time, high light yield, stability, and X-ray absorption capacity, which are difficult to achieve in a single material. Here, we present the first example of a lanthanide chalcogenide of LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+ that simultaneously integrates multiple desirable properties for an ideal scintillator. LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+ demonstrates a remarkably low detection limit of 43.13 nGyair s-1 and a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 98.24 %, resulting in a high light yield of 50480±1441 photons/MeV. Notably, LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+ exhibits a fast decay time of only 29.35±0.16 ns, making it one of the fastest scintillators among all lanthanide-based inorganic scintillators. Furthermore, this material shows robust radiation and moisture resistance, endowing it with suitability for chemical processing under solution conditions. To demonstrate the X-ray imaging capacity of LaCsSiS4 : 1 % Ce3+ , we fabricated a flexible X-ray detector that achieved a high spatial resolution of 8.2 lp mm-1 . This work highlights the potential of lanthanide chalcogenide as a promising candidate for high-performance scintillators.

Effects of alkali ions on luminescence and scintillation performance of Ce3+ doped phosphate glasses for radiation detection

The luminescence and scintillation properties of Ce3+ doped alkali phosphate glasses 56P2O5:8Gd2O3:5Al2O3:1CeBr3:30XCl (PGAC:X, X = Li/Na/K/Rb/Cs) were studied for their potential applications in gamma and alpha detection. In the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Luminescence (XRL), Photoluminescence (PL), and transmittance spectra, the red shift was found and explained by the concept of optical basicity. Broad Ce3+ emission and energy transfer from Gd3+ to Ce3+ were observed in XRL and PL measurements. Scintillation performance was studied by irradiating the samples under 137Cs gamma and 241Am alpha sources. The fast, intermediate, and slow decay components under gamma and alpha excitation were found around 30, 200 and 3000 ns, respectively. The decay time increased slightly from PGAC:Li to PGAC:Cs, indicating the less effective transition from Gd3+ to Ce3+. The alpha decay time was longer than the gamma decay time, revealing the Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) capability of the glasses for particle identification. The XRL intensity reduced significantly from PGAC:Li to PGAC:Cs samples did not reflect the scintillation tendency. By successfully detecting gamma and alpha scintillation signals, the scintillation performance of all samples was found to be similar. In general, all samples can be used for gamma and alpha detection. Using Rb+ or Cs+ ions is favorable in terms of high density and light yield, while Li+ ions enhance the transmittance and homogeneity. Furthermore, a correlation between P–O–H groups within the glass matrix and scintillation performance was also observed.