Higher Fitness Levels Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF HEALTH-IMPROVING TECHNOLOGY ON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

The well-being of a child reflects their ability to withstand challenging and harmful factors, and their stability is determined by achieving a balance in key physiological functions during their development. According to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, approximately 90 percent of children exhibit various health deviations, with over 59 percent experiencing poor physical condition. The health of children can be viewed as a dynamic and functional state, serving as an indicator of their everyday effectiveness. Furthermore, it can provide insights into their lifestyle choices and personal interests. Physical education in the field of education is guided by established educational standards that are approved in accordance with the law. These standards aim to provide scientifically-based guidelines for physical activity for children and young people, taking into account their health status and level of physical development. Health is a fundamental aspect of an individual’s well-being and greatly influences their overall quality of life. Currently, Ukraine is experiencing a high level of morbidity, particularly among children and adolescents. Specifically, during the schooling years, there is a significant decline in the number of healthy children from the first to the eleventh grade, with a decrease of 3-4 times. The inadequate level of physical fitness among young Ukrainians can be attributed, to a large extent, to the lack of significant incentives for the promotion of sports culture among the younger generation. Consequently, the preservation and enhancement of students’ health, the promotion of physical activity, and the development and improvement of fundamental physical attributes become the primary objectives of physical education for elementary school students. These objectives also represent priority areas for the overall development of our society. To achieve these goals, physical education sessions for elementary school students should address health improvement, pedagogical aspects, and educational objectives in a comprehensive manner. Only through a holistic approach can we effectively exert a multifaceted influence on the development and growth of elementary school students. The aim is to investigate the impact of the developed technology on physical fitness levels of 8-9-yearold students. Material: 8- to 9-year-old students took part in the research. Out of the four surveyed classes four homogeneous groups were formed. Experimental groups consisted of 20 boys and 16 girls; control groups consisted of 19 boys, and 17 girls who were classified into the main medical group for health condition. Results. The process of physical education should be organized in a rational manner, aiming for the comprehensive and balanced development of motor qualities. Achieving high levels of physical fitness serves as a functional basis for expanding the repertoire of motor skills and abilities, while significantly enhancing the functional capacity of the body’s systems. Motor tests are widely used as a common and accessible method of pedagogical assessment. The subjects’ physical preparedness was evaluated through pedagogical testing, which assessed their level of basic motor qualities, including flexibility, strength, endurance, speed, and speed-strength abilities. An increase in the indicators of physical fitness was found in experimental and control groups. But in the experimental groups (boys, girls) - the indicators improved by 46.11%, in the control groups (boys, girls) the indicators improved by 29.76%. Conclusions. The obtained results testify about the effectiveness of technology developed by us, which consisted of two blocks with the priority use of health-improving exercises, as a new tool for the formation of a healthy lifestyle.

A Study on the Impact of the Usage of Cost Information on Business Performance of Enterprises in Vietnam

Purpose: The primary objective of the research was to investigate the correlation between the utilization of cost information and business performance of enterprises in Vietnam, particularly in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was conducted, involving a sample of 380 participants consisting of CEOs, CFOs, managers, board of directors, and individuals in charge of accounting and finance departments. The study employed a structure equation model to analyze the relationship between the use of cost information and business performance. Findings: The study revealed a significant and positive impact of cost information utilization on business performance among the surveyed enterprises in Vietnam. Additionally, the study provided recommendations for enterprises in Vietnam on how to make use of cost information for various purposes, including planning, evaluating, decision-making, and cost control, to optimize their business performance. Research, Practical & Social implication: The study's results suggest that utilizing cost information effectively can lead to improved business performance and may provide valuable insights for Vietnamese enterprises on how to navigate the challenging and competitive post-Covid-19 economic environment. Originality/value: The research employed a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach, and a test for univariate normality demonstrated an outstanding critical skewness ratio value. Furthermore, the kurtosis indicated that the data followed a normal distribution, making it suitable for analysis. Since SEM employs rigorous criteria to evaluate model fit, it can be inferred that the measurement model exhibited a high level of fit. The findings affirm the beneficial impact of utilizing cost information on business performance and offer significant recommendations for Vietnamese businesses in the current post-COVID era.

Characteristics of resting state functional connectivity of motor cortex of high fitness level college students: Experimental evidence from functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)

AbstractObjectiveThis study inspects difference of resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) of motor cortex between athletes and ordinary college students and the test‐retest reliability of RSFC.MethodsTwenty high fitness level college students (high fitness group) and 20 ordinary college students (control group) were recruited. The motor cortical blood oxygen signals in resting states were monitored by functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). RSFCs of brain signals were preprocessed and calculated by FC‐NIRS software. RSFC results of test‐retest reliability were evaluated by intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsTotal RSFC (HbO signal) was significantly different between high fitness group (0.62 ± 0.04) and low fitness group (0.81 ± 0.04) (p < .05). Significant differences were found between the groups (HbO signal) in 50 edges among the 190 edges of motor cortex (14 edges after FDR corrected). At three hemoglobin concentrations, mean of group‐level ICC (C, 1) for total RSFC in two groups was 0.40 ± 0.10, whereas the mean of group‐level ICC (C, k) was 0.57 ± 0.11, depicting “fair” reliability. The mean of group‐level ICC (C, 1) of 190 “edges” was 0.88 ± 0.06, whereas mean of ICC (C, k) was 0.94 ± 0.03, exhibiting “excellent” reliability.ConclusionFitness level is the factor causing specific changes in RSFC strength of motor cortex that can be utilized as biomarker for evaluating the fitness level.

Compassion in Hotels: Does Person–Organization Fit Lead Staff to Engage in Compassion-Driven Citizenship Behavior?

Existing research on person–organization (P-O) fit (POF) has ignored other-centered mechanisms in explaining why high levels of fit with the work environment increase employee’s organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Using four factors involved in the compassion process (common humanity, empathic concern, kindness, mindfulness), this article investigates employee compassion as a mediator that explains why POF affects OCB directed toward individuals (OCBI) and the organization (OCBO). Our structural equation modeling analysis on 280 Spanish hotel employees reveals that compassion mediates the relationship between POF and OCBs. However, considering the employment contract of the sample (temporary, permanent), the mediation for OCBO was partial and full among permanent and temporary staff, respectively. These findings suggest that staff who fit their hotel are more likely to be sensitive to others’ setbacks and misfortunes, lessening or alleviating them (compassionately) by performing OCBs. However, compared with permanent staff, temporary staff’s OCBO response to POF is more compassion-driven.

Relationship between Maximum Oxygen Consumption and Lactate Metabolism with Situational Efficiency of Highly Selected Young Judoists

Judo is often referred to as an explosive sport, which requires great anaerobic strength and capacity, with a well-developed aerobic system. Attaining a high level of physical fitness, strength, and fatigue tolerance is essential for achieving success in competition. Fatigue leads to decreased muscle strength, prolonged reaction time, reduced agility, neuromuscular coordination, overall body speed, concentration, and agility. The intensity at which this phenomenon occurs is known as the lactate threshold. The primary objective of the planned research was to establish a link between maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), lactate metabolism, and the situational efficiency of selected young judoists. The sample consisted of 30 cadet and junior judo athletes from the national teams of Serbia (average age of 16.43±0.76 years, body height of 176.94±5.15 cm, and body weight of 69.71±10.64 kg). The research employed precisely standardized protocols and modern equipment to determine anthropometric characteristics, and the values of maximal oxygen consumption, lactate thresholds, and the index of a specific judo fitness test among the selected young judo athletes. Based on the obtained results, there was a moderate negative correlation between VO2max and the index of the special judo fitness test, as well as a low correlation between the first lactate threshold (PLAP) and the second lactate threshold (DLAP) with the index of the special judo fitness test (ISJFT). Additionally, a moderate negative correlation was found between VO2max and anthropometric parameters, while PLAP and DLAP exhibited low correlations with anthropometric parameters. The research results quantitatively illustrate the physiological adaptation of the top young judo athletes to the physical demands encountered during years of specific training. The proposed battery of tests can be utilized to assess the functional status of competitors more accurately and determine the competition profile for elite judo athletes.

Differences in Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity between Special Police Force Members and Elite Basketball Players

The goal of this research is to evaluate and compare the functional abilities of the special anti-terrorist unit from Serbia and professional basketball players. The idea is to determine whether members of the special unit police have high functional abilities and at what level are they compared to professional athletes. The sample of participants, for the purposes of this research, consisted of 162 respondents with an average age of 29.75±8.12 years who were classified into two groups. One group consisted of members of the SAF (special anti-terrorist force) (n=101) of average age 33.74±6.19 years and in other group were elite level professional basketball players from Serbia (n=57), of average age 22.39±4.25 from three Serbian clubs. To measure cardiorespiratory fitness, a cardiopulmonary exercises test (CPET) was performed on a treadmill (HPCOSMOS ®). Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), as a measure of aerobic capacity, was determined using the Quark CPET system (Cosmed®) by direct monitoring of gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide). Aerobic ability of members of the Serbian SAF (special anti-teroristic force) can be considered excellent and almost close to the professional athletes, but statisticly lower (p<0.05). Anaerobic capacity is also high and there is no difference in relation to basketball players (p>0.05). These results can be explained by the selection of people who are chosen for this unit, which can be called very rigorous and equated with sports selection. The results of our study point to the fact that a high level of cardiorespiratory fitness is not only required by professional sports, but also by certain professions such as SAF.

Exercise is associated with younger methylome and transcriptome profiles in human skeletal muscle.

Exercise training prevents age-related decline in muscle function. Targeting epigenetic aging is a promising actionable mechanism and late-life exercise mitigates epigenetic aging in rodent muscle. Whether exercise training can decelerate, or reverse epigenetic aging in humans is unknown. Here, we performed a powerful meta-analysis of the methylome and transcriptome of an unprecedented number of human skeletal muscle samples (n = 3176). We show that: (1) individuals with higher baseline aerobic fitness have younger epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles, (2) exercise training leads to significant shifts of epigenetic and transcriptomic patterns toward a younger profile, and (3) muscle disuse "ages" the transcriptome. Higher fitness levels were associated with attenuated differential methylation and transcription during aging. Furthermore, both epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles shifted toward a younger state after exercise training interventions, while the transcriptome shifted toward an older state after forced muscle disuse. We demonstrate that exercise training targets many of the age-related transcripts and DNA methylation loci to maintain younger methylome and transcriptome profiles, specifically in genes related to muscle structure, metabolism, and mitochondrial function. Our comprehensive analysis will inform future studies aiming to identify the best combination of therapeutics and exercise regimes to optimize longevity.

The Impact of Performance Related Fitness on Shooting Accuracy among High School Basketball Players in the Cape Coast Metropolis, Ghana

Basketball coaches in the Cape Coast Metropolis have long been struggling with their basketball players' shooting accuracy especially those in the senior high schools. This is because it does not compare well to the standards of players in the same age group because players in the metropolis have poor shooting rates. There is strong evidence from literature indicating that athletes with high levels of fitness, particularly performance related fitness, also known as skill-related fitness, do better than their peers in the various games and sport. The purpose of this study therefore was to find out the effect that performance related fitness training will have on shooting accuracy of senior high school basketball players in the Cape Coast Metropolis'. The researchers randomly sampled and assigned twenty (20) male and twenty (20) female basketball players to the experimental and control groups by same means. The males had a mean age of 17.15yrs, weight of 73.20kg, and height of 1.79m, and the females had a mean age of 17.15yrs, weight of 68.65kg, and height of 1.64m. The control group went through mini-clinic that concentrated on passing and dribbling as a placebo, while the experimental group participated in a series of drills over a twelve-week period intended to improve their performance related fitness. Standardized tests were employed for the performance related fitness tests and the researchers modified the tests used by Uzicanin et al. for shooting accuracy. Data was analyzed using the t test. There was a statistically significant difference in the shooting accuracy of the male experimental group between Pretest and Week six t(9) = 0.568, P = < 0.001. Pretest mean (M) = 3.67, SD = 1.19; Week six mean (M) = 5.06, SD = 1.13). There was also a statistically significant difference in the shooting accuracy between Pretest and Week nine t(9) = 0.685, P = < 0.001 Pretest mean (M) = 3.67, SD = 1.19; Week nine mean (M) = 6.67, SD = 0.77). Statistical significant difference was also observed between Pretest and Week twelve t(9) = -13.062, P = < 0.001, Pretest mean (M) = 3.67, SD = 1.13; Week twelve mean (M) = 7.06, SD = 0.68. Nonetheless, There was no statistically significantly between Pretest and Week three (t(9) = -0.844, P = 0.388; Pretest mean (M) = 3.67, SD = 1.19; Week three mean (M) = 3.96, SD = 1.37). A similar finding was found for the female as well. Between the experimental group of male and female the researchers found no statistically significant differences them after the twelve weeks of intervention. Basketball coaches should as part of their plan design a program that intends to improve on their players' performance related fitness, particularly during the conditioning phase of preparation for tournaments. They should also conduct regular assessment of the players throughout the season to identify when fitness especially performance related fitness begin to go down to find ways of improving on it.

Ecological Landscape Structure and Game Management Strategy among the Upper Palaeolithic Societies of Southern Zagros Mountains

ABSTRACT Complex social organisation, technological skills and specialised foraging strategies are considered as modernity indicators in the history of Homo sapiens’ evolution. However, the timing and nature of these abilities are poorly understood. Research on the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic faunal remains and settlement patterns in the Zagros Mountains of Iran proposed the model of ‘game management’ for hunter-gatherer societies, reflecting their advanced cultural development affected by their environmantal contxt in this part of the world. Using various methods, including ecological landscape structure analysis, site location and archaeological remains, this paper reveals that the Late Pleistocene’s hunters had a considerable focus on strategic corridors. We argue this behaviour improved the hunters game management tactic among the Upper Palaeolithic population in the Dasht-e Rostam area of the Southern Zagros Mountains. We demonstrate how the environmental adaptability accelerated Homo sapiens’ modernity around 40 kyr ago. Although this proficiency resulted in increasing meat supply, it required a high level of intra-group communication and fitness, seasonal adaptations and specific technologies to compete with other predators using the same strategy in the Southern Zagros.

Double-replica theory for evolution of genotype-phenotype interrelationship

The relationship between genotype and phenotype plays a crucial role in determining the function and robustness of biological systems. Here the evolution progresses through the change in genotype, whereas the selection is based on the phenotype, and the genotype-phenotype relation also evolves. The theory for such phenotypic evolution remains poorly developed, in contrast to evolution under the fitness landscape determined by genotypes. Here we provide a statistical-physics formulation of this problem by introducing replicas for genotype and phenotype. We apply it to an evolution model in which phenotypes are given by spin configurations; genotypes are an interaction matrix for spins to give the Hamiltonian, and the fitness depends only on the configuration of a subset of spins called the target. We describe the interplay between the genetic variations and phenotypic variances by noise in this model by our approach that extends the replica theory for spin glasses to include a spin replica for phenotypes and a coupling replica for genotypes. Within this framework we obtain a phase diagram of the evolved phenotypes against the noise and selection pressure, where each phase is distinguished by the fitness and overlaps for genotypes and phenotypes. Among the phases, a robust fitted phase, relevant to biological evolution, is achieved under the intermediate level of noise (temperature), where robustnesses to noise and to genetic mutation are correlated, as a result of replica symmetry. We also find a tradeoff between maintaining a high fitness level of phenotype and acquiring a robust pattern of genes as well as the dependence of this tradeoff on the ratio between the size of the functional (target) part to that of the remaining nonfunctional (non-target) one. The selection pressure needed to achieve high fitness increases with the fraction of target spins.

An Image Edge Detection Algorithm Based on an Artificial Plant Community

Image edge detection is a difficult task, because it requires the accurate removal of irrelevant pixels, while retaining important pixels that describe the image’s structural properties. Here, an artificial plant community algorithm is proposed to aid in the solving of the image edge detection problem. First, the image edge detection problem is modeled as an objective function of an artificial plant community searching for water sources and nutrients. After many iterations, the artificial plant community is concentrated in habitable areas that are rich in water sources and nutrients, that is, the image edges, and the nonhabitable zones that are not suitable for living are deserted, that is, the nonedges. Second, an artificial plant community algorithm is designed to solve the objective function by simulating the growth process of a true plant community. The living behavior of the artificial plant community includes three operations: seeding, growing, and fruiting. The individuals in the plant community also correspond to three forms, namely seeds, individuals, and fruit. There are three fitness comparisons in each iteration. The first fitness comparison of each iteration is carried out during the seeding operation. Only the fruit with higher fitness levels in the last iteration can become seeds, while the fruit with low fitness levels die, and some new seeds are randomly generated. The second fitness comparison is implemented in the growing operation. Only the seeds with higher fitness levels can become individuals, but the seeds with lower fitness levels will die; thus, the community size will decrease. The third fitness comparison is in the fruiting operation, where the individual with the greatest fitness can produce an identical fruit through parthenogenesis, and the individuals with higher fitness levels can learn from each other and produce more fruit, so the population size can be restored. Through the continuous cycle of these three operations, the artificial plant community will finally determine the edge pixels and delete the nonedge pixels. Third, the experiment results reveal how the proposed algorithm generates the edge image, and the comparative results demonstrate that the proposed artificial plant community algorithm can effectively solve the image edge detection problems. Finally, this study and some limitations are summarized, and future directions are suggested. The proposed algorithm is expected to act as a new research tool for solving various complex problems.

The Peculiarities of CrossFit Practice in Student Youth Physical Education

The article presents and analyses the peculiarities of physical education of undergraduates by means of CrossFit practice. The study shows that CrossFit as a modern sport should motivate undergraduates to regularly attend and teach Physical Education classes to develop their athletic abilities. The topicality of the ideas mentioned is quite obvious for the problem still needs further research.
 CrossFit is a fitness sport focused on keeping individual’s muscles active on a regular basis to be able to lead a healthy life. Due to simple physical exercises all groups of muscles, including deep ones, are activated, which might be quite challenging to do in the process of common forms of exercise or cardio training.
 CrossFit is a fitness program consisting of a variety and mix of exercises. While planning the CrossFit training one should rationally consider the level of physical exertion in terms of gender, age, individual physical abilities. In addition, the amount and intensity of physical exercises must be accounted for.
 CrossFit is a competitive fitness sport providing effective training for military personnel as well as security and defence sector staff whose professional activities require high level of physical fitness. Its general methodology is extensively practised with pupils, students and specialists-to-be in the sphere of Physical Education and Sport.
 However, the above-mentioned ideas do not fully solve the problem. There are still issues that need further comprehensive investigation. CrossFit system and its influence on physical abilities of different population groups is of particular importance.

Improvement of strength abilities of students in the educational process of "Physical education" using the "Tabata" system

The discipline "Physical education" in institutions of higher education is aimed at the training of future specialists with a high level of comprehensive physical fitness and a system of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle. Finding and applying in the educational process of the effective methods of developing motor skills of students is an important problem of the theory and methods of physical education in institutions of higher education. The authors of scientific and methodological works note that the "Tabata" training is currently one of the most effective and promising methods of training for student youth. The work is devoted to the study of the influence of the "Tabata" training on the level of strength abilities of students. In the process of work, a pedagogical experiment was organized. Students of the 1st year of study of the specialty "Information systems and technologies" took part in the experiment. We studied indicators of the strength abilities of the muscles of the arms, legs and trunk (strength endurance, speed strength) using tests recommended by the authors of the scientific and methodological literature. The results of the pedagogical experiment showed that the "Tabata" training effectively contributes to increasing the level of strength abilities of students. The students of the experimental group showed a greater improvement of the indicators than the students of the control group, which trained using traditional methods.

Effects of a games-based physical education lesson on cognitive function in adolescents.

Despite the importance of physical education (PE) lessons for physical activity in adolescents, the acute cognitive responses to PE lessons have not been explored; a gap in the literature that this study addresses. Following familiarisation, 76 (39 female) adolescents (12.2 ± 0.4 y) completed two trials (60 min games-based PE lesson and 60 min academic lesson) separated by 7-d in a counterbalanced, crossover design. Attention, executive function, working memory, and perception were assessed 30 min before, immediately post, and 45 min post-lesson in both trials. Participants were split into high-and low-fit groups based on a gender-specific median split of distance run on the multi-stage fitness test. Furthermore, participants were split into high and low MVPA groups based on a gender-specific median split of MVPA time (time spent >64% HR max) during the PE lesson. Overall, a 60 min games-based PE lesson had no effect on perception, working memory, attention, or executive function in adolescents (all p > 0.05) unless MVPA time is high. The physical activity-cognition relationship was moderated by MVPA, as working memory improved post-PE lesson in adolescents who completed more MVPA during their PE lesson (time*trial*MVPA interaction, p < 0.05, partial η2 = 0.119). Furthermore, high-fit adolescents displayed superior cognitive function than their low-fit counterparts, across all domains of cognitive function (main effect of fitness, all p < 0.05, partial η2 0.014-0.121). This study provides novel evidence that MVPA time moderates the cognitive response to a games-based PE lesson; and emphasises that higher levels of fitness are beneficial for cognitive function in adolescents.

Physiological, Anatomical and Metabolic Correlates of Aerobic Fitness in Human Primary Motor Cortex: A Multimodal Study

Physical activity (PA) has been shown to benefit various cognitive functions and promote neuroplasticity. Whereas the effects of PA on brain anatomy and function have been well documented in older individuals, data are scarce in young adults. Whether high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) achieved through regular PA are associated with significant structural and functional changes in this age group remains largely unknown. In the present study, twenty young adults that engaged in at least 8 hours per week of aerobic exercise during the last 5 years were compared to twenty sedentary controls on measures of cortical excitability, white matter microstructure, cortical thickness and metabolite concentration. All measures were taken in the left primary motor cortex and CRF was assessed with VO2max. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) revealed higher corticospinal excitability in high- compared to low-fit individuals reflected by greater input/output curve amplitude and slope. No group differences were found for other TMS (short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation), diffusion MRI (fractional anisotropy and apparent fiber density), structural MRI (cortical thickness) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NAA, GABA, Glx) measures. Taken together, the present data suggest that brain changes associated with increased CRF are relatively limited, at least in primary motor cortex, in contrast to what has been observed in older adults.

Relationship between body composition and upper limb physical fitness among Chinese students: 4-Year longitudinal follow-up and experimental study.

Background: Recently, students' fitness has been declining, and high physical fitness level is crucial in establishing optimal physical/mental health and academic performance. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between body composition and upper limb physical fitness and the specific aspects of low physical fitness level in Chinese students. Exploring the development and impact factors for upper limb physical fitness can provide a theoretical basis for the health management strategy of students. Methods: Study 1 collected data from 183 male students over 4 years and used Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM) to explore the quadratic predictive role of body composition on upper limb physical fitness. To further explored which aspects of upper limb physical fitness were affected by body composition, study 2 conducted an experimental investigation among 42 male students, comparing different kinds of upper limb physical fitness within two different body composition groups. Results: Studies found (1) from 2015 to 2018, students' Body-Mass-Index (BMI) showed an upward trend, and BMI differences were significant from year to year. While the upper limb physical fitness showed a downward trend. There were significant differences in the number of pull-outs between 2015 and 2016, 2015 and 2017, and 2015 and 2018. (2) The quadratic term of BMI could predict the upper body physical fitness in the same year and the following year. That is, when BMI was medium, the upper body fitness of the same year and the following year was the best. (3) Chinese students with excellent body composition had greater grip strength, drape height and anaerobic power than those with average body composition. Conclusion: In recent years, male students' BMI has been increasing, and the upper body physical fitness has been decreasing. Furthermore, body composition can predict the upper body mass in the same year and the second year, and male students with better body composition also had greater grip strength, drape height and anaerobic power in their upper limbs.

Physiotherapists’ work in public perception

Introduction: The aim of the study is to determine basic physical traits of physiotherapists and indicators of their occupation according to social expectations. Material and Methods: 2121 people of different sex, age and education participated in the study. The preferences were categorized by sex and the education level. The test for equality of two percentage structures based on statistics ‘Z’ and the test for equality of proportions based on Fisher-Snedecor’s test were implemented. Results: The preferences for the physical traits are consistent with those commonly expected, and the high level of fitness is expected in the context of significant psychological and physical burdens. The respondents’ education level rather than gender seems to be a more significant variable in the evaluation of personal characteristics. The most significant differences can be noticed in the choices of people with a low level of education. Conclusions: Sex and education influence the preferences regarding the build of a physiotherapist and the characteristics of their job, and the results of the most important appearance attributes and body build clearly show a lack of social acceptance of therapists who neglect their appearance.

Differentiated approach to the motor activity organization of students in the process of physical education at the university

Introduction. The World Health Organization notes the current increase in the physical inactivity of the population. Despite the generally recognized potential of physical education, there is a global decline in its implementation. This situation is fueling a global health crisis – a conservative estimate of 6% of all deaths in the world is the result of physical inactivity. The purpose of the study is to test the methodology of a differentiated approach to the motor activity organization of students in the process of physical education at the university. Materials and Methods. The experiment involved 20 students of the Chechen State Pedagogical University aged 18 to 24 years. To assess the level of physical fitness tests of the TRP standard set were selected before and after the experiment. They included 30-meter run (sec.); flexion and extension of the arms in emphasis lying on the floor (number of times); tilt forward from a standing position with straight legs on the gymnastic bench (see); shuttle run 3x10 m. (sec.); lifting the torso from a supine position (number of times in 1 minute); long jump from a place with a push with two legs (see). Methods of mathematical statistics including methods of descriptive statistics (arithmetic mean, standard deviation); Wilcoxon statistical test were applied. Results. Implementation of various options for building a weekly motor regimen for students was envisaged at the formative stage of the study. The analysis of the dynamics of indicators over the period of the experiment revealed positive changes in all three groups, however, a significant increase was observed in the first experimental group in all control exercises (p &lt; 0.01). This indicates a significant advantage of the motor activity mode used in the 1st experimental group, which allowed students to successfully come close to the standards for obtaining the golden badge of distinction of the TRP complex, despite the low initial level of physical fitness. Conclusion. The mode of five-time lessons of a weekly microstructure providing a high level of students' physical fitness is the best option in the conditions of intensification of the learning process and an organized mode of students’ motor activity.

Building a microcycle program for skiers using the kinesioplasty method

In the scientific and methodological literature, a great deal of respect was attached to the preparation of the kinesioplasty method during the folding of the training microcycles during the preparation to the final stage, or a series of starts on the singing stage during the final preparation.&#x0D; At the statistics, there is an injection of a special-preparatory complex of rights for athletes using the kinesioplasty method with training of statodynamic stamina of athletes. Doslіdzhuvavsya infusion of this method on the rational budovu training process, scho to increase the functional capacity of the organs and systems of the body of the lizhniks and the full complex of mechanisms that are responsible for adaptation.&#x0D; The kinesioplasty method was aimed at eliminating the athlete's physiological immaturity, regulating involuntary, spontaneous, micro-kinetic processes and their synchronization with consciously ordered structures in the direction of physiological optimality of pathological or newly formed functional systems in this sport. This helps to increase the degrees of freedom in the joints, and the athlete himself consistently gets the opportunity to implement systematic training motor activity.&#x0D; Studies of the scientific and methodological literature in skiing indicate that upon reaching a high level of sports fitness, maximum indicators of internal inter-component correlations appear in athletes, and after the end of the competition period, they very quickly fall to levels lower than in the preparatory period.&#x0D; Thus, in training races, it is important to take into account and develop special specific states of the body's functional systems of skiers.&#x0D; Our research has shown that a significant contribution to the performance of skiers' sports activities is made by the translational system, the ability to maintain body balance through dynamic stabilization in relation to the gravity vector. The ability to maintain balance during the race determines the final result.&#x0D; The study was conducted during September-December 2022 at the base of the children's and youth sports school of Skoliv OTG of the Lviv region. (n=16) participated in the study. During the research, the own method of kinesioplasty was introduced into the training microcycle, which was implemented by candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor V. Gavriliuк.

Longitudinal Assessment of Physical Fitness of Students from the University of Defence in the Czech Republic

Objectives: Cardiorespiratory fitness demands are placed on students of all military schools. The bachelors study programmes usually include subjects which requires the high level of physical fitness. The study aims to give a comprehensive account of the level of physical fitness of selected military school.&#x0D; Design: Comparing of results of the physical activity tests were used in this study.&#x0D; Methods: The sample consisted of bachelor´s students of University of Defence between the academic year 2008/2009 and 2015/2016. The total number of participated students in our study depends of academic year and number of tested students (men from 102 to 111; women from 76 to 84). A male group (mean ± SD: 19.91 ± 0.29 years, 182.8 ± 7.2 cm, 82.9 ± 10.9 kg) performed all physical activity tests (12 min running, push-ups, sit-ups, pull-up on the crossbar, running the 100 m and throwing a hand grenade). A women group (mean ± SD: 19.36 ± 1.23 years, 171.8 ± 7.2 cm, 66.9 ± 8.7 kg) performed physical activity tests (12 min running, sit-ups, running the 100 m and throwing a hand grenade). &#x0D; Results: It has been found that study programme which includes physical activity subjects (&gt;7 hours per week) is highly effective because we did not observe statistical significance decrease of values in selected physical tests.&#x0D; Conclusions: Summing up the results, it can be concluded good physical readiness and preparation for military duty in students of University of Defence in Czech Republic.