High-level Platform Research Articles

The Renoir Dataflow Platform: Efficient Data Processing without Complexity

Today, data analysis drives the decision-making process in virtually every human activity. This demands for software platforms that offer simple programming abstractions to express data analysis tasks and that can execute them in an efficient and scalable way. State-of-the-art solutions range from low-level programming primitives, which give control to the developer about communication and resource usage, but require significant effort to develop and optimize new algorithms, to high-level platforms that hide most of the complexities of parallel and distributed processing, but often at the cost of reduced efficiency.To reconcile these requirements, we developed Renoir, a novel distributed data processing platform written in Rust. Renoir provides a high-level dataflow programming model as mainstream data processing systems. It supports static and streaming data, it enables data transformations, grouping, aggregation, iterative computations, and time-based analytics, and it provides all these features incurring in a low overhead.In this paper, we present the programming model and the implementation details of Renoir. We evaluate it under heterogeneous workloads. We compare it with state-of-the-art solutions for data analysis and high-performance computing, as well as alternative research products, which offer different programming abstractions and implementation strategies. Renoir programs are compact and easy to write: developers need not care about low-level concerns such as resource usage, data serialization, concurrency control, and communication. At the same time, Renoir consistently presents comparable or better performance than competing solutions, by a large margin in several scenarios.We conclude that Renoir offers a good tradeoff between simplicity and performance, allowing developers to easily express complex data analysis tasks and achieve high performance and scalability.

FIG Work Week 2023: A great success for the international surveying community

From May 27th to June 1st, 2023, FIG Work Week 2023 was held in the enchanting surroundings of Disney World in Orlando, Florida, United States of America. Organized by the International Federation of Surveyors (FIG) and the National Society of Professional Surveyors (NSPS), the event provided a high-level platform for experts and professionals from the surveying and land use planning industry to discuss important topics and present the latest developments. More than 1,000 participants from 85 countries were in attendance.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПРОЕКТА МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ ГИДРОМЕТЕОРОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ В 2012-2023 ГГ

Central Asia consists of five former Soviet republics: the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and the Republic of Tajikistan. The territory of Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east, and from central Siberia in the north to Afghanistan and Iran in the south. Despite having an area the size of Western Europe, Central Asia is home to only 57 million people. In 2008, the population of Central Asia accounted for 14% of the population of the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) region, while the gross domestic product (GDP) amounted to only 5.0% of the GDP of the ECA region. The Central Asia Hydrometeorological Services Modernization Project (CA HMSMP) played a key role in enhancing cooperation, improving information sharing, and capacity building among the five National Hydrometeorological Services (NHMS) in Central Asia. The project has made significant progress in strengthening regional cooperation and institutional capacity of the four participating NHMSs. Through joint capacity building activities, including training of forecasters, NHMS specialists have established operational relationships for cooperation, mutual support, and recognition of regional and national benefits of data sharing. A high-level platform for the countries of the region (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan) was also established to work closely together, build consensus on promising improvements, and harmonize practical aspects of weather, climate, and hydrological information services to be managed at the regional level.

Heart DT: Monitoring and Preventing Cardiac Pathologies Using AI and IoT Sensors

Today’s healthcare facilities require new digital tools to cope with the rapidly increasing demand for technology that can support healthcare operators. The advancement of technology is leading to the pervasive use of IoT devices in daily life, capable of acquiring biomedical and biometric parameters, and providing an opportunity to activate new tools for the medical community. Digital twins (DTs) are a form of technology that are gaining more prominence in these scenarios. Many scientific research papers in the literature are combining artificial intelligence (AI) with DTs. In this work, we propose a case study including a proof of concept based on microservices, the heart DT, for the evaluation of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals by means of an artificial intelligence component. In addition, a higher-level platform is presented and described for the complete management and monitoring of cardiac pathologies. The overall goal is to provide a system that can facilitate the patient–doctor relationship, improve medical treatment times, and reduce costs.

Research on the Design of UAV Relay Charging High-rise Platform for Electrical Equipment Live Detection in Substation

The multi-rotor UAV inspection technology has received extensive attention in the live detection of electrical equipment in substations and has begun to be practically applied. However, due to the short endurance and the characteristics of intermittent operations, the UAV needs to frequently travel between the operational airspace and the cabin, which seriously affects the operational efficiency of the inspection. This paper first introduces the traditional substation electrical equipment live detection technology and then summarizes the application of UAV inspection in the substation electrical equipment live detection. Finally, in view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, this paper proposes a design scheme of a relay-charging high-rise platform for live detection and inspection of electrical equipment in substations. The relay charging high-rise platform can be divided into six parts according to the functional structure: high-altitude apron, UAV landing guidance system, UAV automatic binding system, high insulation strength power supply system, and platform monitoring system. In this paper, the overall structure of the relay charging high-level platform and the technical solutions of each component are described in detail. The technical solution can effectively improve the efficiency and safety of multi-rotor UAV inspection operations for live detection of electrical equipment in substations.

Analysis of platform business and secure business intelligence

Platform is a business stage where people and technology share the information and make the business ecosystem through the network effect. It is a state-of-the-art technology for business. Platform business is an interaction of the network effects which creates profit in multidimensional way. It encourages business growth and efficiency, which is both exponentially and asymptotically. A platform is a creation which helps and empowers other products and amenities. Digital platforms occur at many levels in internet-based businesses and business models with blockchain technology. They array from high-level platforms to enable a platform business model to a low-level platform which provides an assembly line of business and technology dimensions that other products or services consume to deliver their own business capabilities. This paper deliberates the analysis of platform learning business approaches and secure business transactions like blockchain technology. Platform business along with secure business intelligence (BI) is now a prerequisite of the frontrunners for noble organizations to keep customers active, alive and compete the business in the digital age. Blockchain technology plays a vital role in this issue. Presently, businesses implement attract data-driven, network-driven, cloud-driven and blockchain technology platform-intensive approaches. Artificial intelligence, deep learning and machine learning are playing a great role in analyzing the data and classifying customer patterns and retaining customers in the business principles of market. Currently, we are competent enough to analyze online and offline data using these intelligent business tools. These business tools are very useful to identify customers’ marketing trends and their buying patterns. Securities in the business are more demanding and need professional ventures. Business people are now copious, focused and vigilant for secure transactions and demand blockchain technology-based platforms. Blockchain technology is nowadays becoming a boon for industrialists to keep their transactions more secure. As businesses and industries grow, they are now using blockchain technology to secure and track the items in supply chain management using digital platforms and BI. This concept is very relevant in the current scenario and state-of-the-art business platforms. We have exasperated the study in this direction, that is, how to concentrate on strategic revolution in financial sector with various innovative econometrics and simulator tools. This paper also addresses the recent research gap in the secure digital platform and analyzes the state-of-the-art methodology for the optimized solutions for the industry.

Generativity and the paradox of stability and flexibility in a platform architecture: A case of the Oracle Cloud Platform

Generativity is a technology’s capability of producing new outputs without input from the originator. Platforms are important technologies that embrace generativity. While the literature generally assumes that generativity arises from platform governance and high-level platform design, we propose that generativity also arises from a platform’s three architectural components: the base, the interface, and the add-ons. Drawing on a case study of the Oracle Cloud Platform, we reveal how generativity emerges through the paradox of stability and flexibility in a platform’s architectural components. Further, standardization navigates this paradox by coordinating the dependencies between stability and flexibility across heterogeneous stakeholders.

Scientific Visualization System on a Chip with Tangible User Interface

This paper is devoted to the development of the ontology-driven standalone scientific visualization station based on a single-board microcomputer with custom tangible user interface. Such a station can be used as a powerful demonstration tool in various scenarios including interactive museum exhibitions. According to the approach proposed, the particular instance of a software scientific visualization system is generated automatically by a high-level platform SciVi that was been developed earlier. Previously, ontology-driven software generation mechanisms within SciVi were tested on the firmware generation for the microcontroller units. Currently we present a generalization of this technique to the case of systems on chips like Raspberry Pi or Orange Pi. Data preprocessing and rendering capabilities of SciVi are reused without modifications from the previous stages of development, while the new mechanisms of taking into account the specifics of systems on chips software and hardware organization are introduced via extending the appropriate SciVi ontologies. The generalized technique is tested in practice by creating a set of interactive museum items for the “Transmutations” exhibition within Kidsmuseum, branch of Perm Regional Museum.

Intercity train dwell time estimation by using robust regression method: a study case on Surabaya-Yogyakarta line

Dwell time is important an issue to optimise not only for train operation efficiency but also punctuality. This paper proposes a model based on a field survey of intercity trains along the Surabaya-Yogyakarta line by using a robust regression analysis of 138 observations from 13 trainsets operating on the line. Assuming no differences in door or platform width, a model has been formulated to include the number of people who are alighting and boarding, the type of platform and the number of train doors on one side. There were three robust estimators applied to the model. With a 2.037% mean absolute percentage error, the robust regression using the M estimator formed the dwell time model for this study. The results show that, between the dummy variable for platform type using a binary number (0 or 1), dummy variables for high-level platforms and mid-level platforms have opposing tendencies. High-level platform use reduces dwell time by 2.014 sec based on continuous variables; in contrast, dwell time increases by 9.353 sec based on continuous variables by using mid-level platforms. Furthermore, people who are alighting need less time than those boarding. Dwell time will increase by 1.222 sec per alighting passenger and 1.314 per boarding passenger, while it will decrease by 2.727 sec per door on a one-sided trainset. Moreover, dwell time estimates with the model have reduced trainset travel time.

Study on research cooperation based on published scientific papers from hospital

Objective The internationalization of modern scientific research and its high degree of complexity have showed the importance of scientific research cooperation. How to promote cooperation more effectively is an important research topic. Methods This article analyzes the research cooperation of Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences during the past 12 years. Results Scientific research cooperation is a big trigger for the output of papers, especially high-level output, international and native institutions’ cross-cooperation can be used as an important way for expanding scientific research cooperation and provides a reference for decision-making. Conclusions Strengthen the awareness of cooperation, increasing scientific research funding, establishing common and hot research directions and constructing high-level platform can expand scientific research cooperation. Key words: Coauthor rate; Scientific research cooperation; Scientific paper

Statement of the Second World Cultural Forum

ABSTRACTThe World Cultural Forum, as a high-level platform for dialogue, was initiated by thinkers from various fields with both macro and micro visions. Paying close attention to cultural progressiveness and diversity across the world, this forum is an attempt to explore challenges that confront China and the world in terms of cultural development, enhance cross-cultural understanding and cooperation, and promote the development of the cultural cause of the entire human race. The Second World Cultural Forum was held on October 16, 2017, at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China, with the theme of “Cultural Diversity in the World and Socialist Culture with Chinese Characteristics,” and attracted 200 scholars from over 10 different countries around the world. After the one-day presentations and discussion, the statement of the Second World Cultural Forum was formed and agreed upon by all the participants present.

Functional Verification of Large-integers Circuits using a Cosimulation-based Approach

Cryptography and computational algebra designs are complex systems based on modular arithmetic and build on multi-level modules where bit-width is generally larger than 64-bit. Because of their particularity, such designs pose a real challenge for verification, in part because large-integer’s functions are not supported in actual hardware description languages (HDLs), therefore limiting the HDL testbench utility. In another hand, high-level verification approach proved its efficiency in the last decade over HDL testbench technique by raising the latter at a higher abstraction level. In this work, we propose a high-level platform to verify such designs, by leveraging the capabilities of a popular tool (Matlab/Simulink) to meet the requirements of a cycle accurate verification without bit-size restrictions and in multi-level inside the design architecture. The proposed high-level platform is augmented by an assertion-based verification to complete the verification coverage. The platform experimental results of the testcase provided good evidence of its performance and re-usability.

History and development trend of minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer in China

With the development in past 20 years, the utilization of the laparoscopic surgery, which is the main trend in minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer, has tremendously changed. Minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer is now at a high level platform after going through the exploration at the very beginning and rapid development in the period of standardizing and promoting the regulations. Nowadays, the unique advantage that the laparoscopy owns is high definition and enlargement of the image, along with the establishment of the key note in series of laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision and the improvement of surgical instruments and methods make the operation skills accurate and normative in exploration of correct plane, high ligation of vessels and protection of nerve during the lymph node dissection of colorectal surgery. Currently, the most common procedure widely used in reconstruction of gastrointestinal(GI) tract is still laparoscopy-assisted approach. The frequent reconstruction of GI tract in rectal cancer surgery is double stapling technique, coloanal anastomosis by hand-sewn technique and the laparoscopic reconstruction of GI tract based on NOSE. At present, the most reconstructions of GI tract, including reconstruction by instrument and by hand-sewn are operated extracorporeally by pulling out the colon through the small incision, which is used to extract specimen. Although compared with the traditional reconstruction of GI tract, the complete laparoscopic excision has the advantage that the incision is smaller, it is more expensive. The preference approach of laparoscopic surgery is mainly medial approach, but with further understanding of CME, TME and the basic of medial approach, the new approaches like total medial approach, hybrid medial approach and caudal approach applied in right hemicolectomy and cephalad medial approach applied in rectal cancer have derived. As the introduction of NOTES, transanal TME and transanal transabdominal TME emerged but the experience is still primitive. Now, the focus points about the surgical operation platform relatively concentrate on 3D laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery, while about the surgical techniques, the minimally invasive surgery techniques which are well developed in recent years are single incision laparoscopy and combined endoscopy-laparoscopic surgery, etc. When we are confident about the future of laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery, it is necessary for us to slow down and think some questions seriously. What is the hot-point and challenge we need to focus on? What aspect is the innovation needed? With the help of rapidly developed technology, the new round overturning revolution in minimally invasive surgery techniques perhaps is going to emerge.

Synthesis of mesoporous TiO2-coupled Fe2O3as efficient visible nano-photocatalysts for degrading colorless pollutants

In this paper, a feasible route is developed to greatly enhance the visible photocatalytic activities of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles for degrading colorless pollutants by coupling a suitable amount of mesoporous nanocrystalline anatase TiO2. Based on the atmosphere-controlled steady-state surface photovoltage spectra, transient-state surface photovoltage responses, photoelectrochemical measurements and O2 temperature-programmed desorption, it is suggested that the coupled TiO2 with a high-level conduction band bottom would act as a high-level platform, could facilitate the uncommon spatial transfers of visible-excited energetic electrons from Fe2O3 to TiO2, and the mesoporous structure of TiO2 could promote the capture of the energetic electrons by O2 by enhancing the O2 adsorption. This is favorable to prolong the carrier lifetime and to promote the charge separation, leading to the obviously-enhanced visible photoactivities. The developed strategy would provide us with a simple and feasible idea to greatly improve the photocatalytic performance of visible-response oxide-based nano-semiconductors.

Design and Development of Availability Information System for Heavy CNC Equipment Based on Cooperation of Network

The availability Research of heavy CNC Equipment is based on the equipment life cycle process from design, manufacture, production and assembly to run, involves cooperation process and information exchange timely among availability research institute, equipment manufacturers and multi-class equipment users, combine network and database techniques, build high-level platforms for information exchange and management, broaden cooperation field and ensure accuracy for original information timely. Moreover, multi-class users can complete certain task together with the help of fault information collected, equipment improvement, information-sharing and issues discussed.

NeuroFlow: FPGA-based Spiking Neural Network Acceleration with High-level Language Support

Event Abstract Back to Event NeuroFlow: FPGA-based Spiking Neural Network Acceleration with High-level Language Support Kit Cheung1*, Simon R. Schultz2 and Wayne Luk1 1 Imperial College London, Department of Computing, United Kingdom 2 Imperial College London, Department of Bioengineering, United Kingdom Spiking neural networks are a useful tool for cortical modelling and robotic control, but simulating a large network in real-time requires high-performance computers or specially built accelerators. Traditional accelerators for large-scale spiking neural network accelerators developed previously use Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) or Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chips. While ASICs deliver high performance, they lack the flexibility to reconfigure and hence are unable to adapt variation in the design and models employed. On the other hand, GPUs provides a decent speedup over multi-core CPUs and good flexibility, but it lacks scalability to handle larger networks. In this work we present NeuroFlow, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-based spiking neural network accelerator consisting of 4 FPGAs. It supports the use of PyNN, a high-level simulator-independent network description language, to configure the hardware. A major novelty of the system is the capability to provide custom hardware configuration based on various simulation requirements, such as precision and time delay. The accelerator is implemented on an off-the-shelf MPC-C500 from Maxeler Technology which employs a streaming architecture in the FPGAs. The accelerator achieves the performance gain primarily by parallelizing the computation of point-neuron models and employing low-level optimization for synaptic data memory access. The accelerator currently supports basic PyNN functions such as spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) and arbitrary postsynaptic current kernels. The system is able to support simulation of network of approximately 800,000 neurons, and achieve a real-time performance of 400,000 neurons for a network firing at 8Hz with random connections. With a single FPGA running at 150MHz, the accelerator delivers a throughput of 1.9 times to 3.5 times the performance of one of the most recent GPU-based accelerators in terms of postsynaptic potential delivery rate (Fidjeland et al., Neuroinformatics, 2012 Dec), subject to the simulated network and the GPU model used. In conclusion, while harnessing low-level customization and fine grained parallelism in FPGA, NeuroFlow is also able to provide the flexibility of a high-level platform such as GPUs and high-performance computers. It provides a promising alternative to accelerate spiking neural network simulations. Figure 1 Figure 2 Acknowledgements The research leading to these results has received funding from European Union Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement number 287804, 248976 and 257906. The support by the Croucher Foundation, UK EPSRC, HiPEAC NoE, Maxeler University Program, and Xilinx is gratefully acknowledged. Keywords: FPGA, Spiking Neural network, PyNN, Hardware Acceleration, Dataflow Computing Conference: Neuroinformatics 2013, Stockholm, Sweden, 27 Aug - 29 Aug, 2013. Presentation Type: Oral presentation Topic: Neuromorphic engineering Citation: Cheung K, Schultz SR and Luk W (2013). NeuroFlow: FPGA-based Spiking Neural Network Acceleration with High-level Language Support. Front. Neuroinform. Conference Abstract: Neuroinformatics 2013. doi: 10.3389/conf.fninf.2013.09.00095 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 08 Apr 2013; Published Online: 11 Jul 2013. * Correspondence: Mr. Kit Cheung, Imperial College London, Department of Computing, London, United Kingdom, k.cheung11@imperial.ac.uk Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract Supplemental Data The Authors in Frontiers Kit Cheung Simon R Schultz Wayne Luk Google Kit Cheung Simon R Schultz Wayne Luk Google Scholar Kit Cheung Simon R Schultz Wayne Luk PubMed Kit Cheung Simon R Schultz Wayne Luk Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

철도차량의 저상 및 고상 승강장 겸용 승강문 스텝에 대한 내구성 평가

국내 여객을 취급하는 철도역사의 승강장은 간선철도노선의 저상승강장(500mm)과 광역전철구간의 고상승강장(1135mm)으로 구분 운용되고 있다. 저상승강장 전용 중 고속 열차가 수도권 전철구간(고상승강장)과 본선구간(저상승강장)에서 혼용 운영될 경우를 대비하고 안전운전 및 승객편의를 함께 고려하기 위해 저상 고상 승강장 겸용 승강시스템의 개발은 필수적이다. 한편 현재 개발 중인 시스템(스텝)에 대한 국내의 내구성 및 신뢰성 시험 기준은 존재하지 않는다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 저상/고상 승강장 겸용 텔레스코픽 슬라이드방식 승강문 스텝의 개발을 위한 연구 일환으로서, VPD관점에서 내구성 해석을 수행하고 신뢰성 보증시험에 준한 무고장 시험시간동안 실물 리그시험을 통하여 이의 내구성 기준 및 보증수명을 검토하였다. The platform of railroad station for domestic passenger train has been operated at two categories like the platforms if low level(500mm, mainline) and high level(1,135mm, metropolitan subway line). To operate both metropolitan subway line and mainline railroad safely, it is essential to develop the doorstep equipment of railway vehicle regardless of low and high level platforms. On the other hand, the domestic test standard at durability and reliability of doorstep equipment has not been existed until now. This study aims at the development on doorstep equipment of telescopic sliding type for low and high level platforms. Durability analysis with VPD(Virtual Product Development) techniques are performed and the durability standard & qualification life through the rig test during no failure test time is examined in accordance with reliability qualification test.

저상 및 고상 철도 승강장 겸용 승강문 스텝 개념설계

일반 간선열차에서 주로 사용하는 저상승강장과 수도권 전동차에서 주로 사용하는 고상승강장을 동시에 안전운행하기 위한 니즈기술로서, 저상/고상 승강장에 상관없이 승하차할 수 있는 철도차량 승강문 스텝장치가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 이를 대비하여 저상/고상 승강장 겸용 승강문 스탭의 기능 및 제작 요구사항을 검토하였다. 세밀히 검토한 결과, 합리적 설계안은 자체 언더프레임의 손상 및 철도승강장의 이격거리 변동성을 최소화 할 수 있는 텔레스코픽 슬라이딩 스텝방식이라고 판단된다. 또한 다양한 요구조건을 고려하여 각 단계별 스텝 동작 과정 및 제어 흐름도를 제시하였다. In order to operate trains both mainline railroad platform and metropolitan subway line platform, it is necessary to develop the doorstep equipment of the rolling stock regardless of low(500mm, mainline) and high level platforms(1,135mm, metropolitan subway line) because of the requisite door safety system. In this study, two different types of platforms were examined. On closer examination, it seems that the conceptual design is suitable for telescopic sliding type doorstep equipment to minimize damage to the carbody underframe of railway vehicles and can also minimize the variation of the distance between the railway platform. Furthermore, the operation process and control flowchart of doorstep equipments by stages are proposed by various performance requirements.

철도차량 슬라이드식(텔레스코픽) 승강문 스텝의 강도평가

국내 여객열차 전용 승강장은 높이에 따라 두 가지 종류로서, 일반 간선열차에서 주로 사용하는 저상 승강장과 수도권 전동차에서 주로 사용하는 고상승강장으로 구분된다. 중 고속 열차가 수도권 전철구간과 본 선구간에서 혼용할 경우에 안전운전 및 승객편의를 함께 고려하기 위해서는 저상/고상 승강장에 상관없이 승하차할 수 있는 승강문 스텝장치가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 전철역사 및 일반 철도역사에서 모두 승하차가 가능한 저상/고상 승강장 겸용 승강문 스텝 개념설계(안)의 구조해석 및 강도시험을 수행하고 이의 안전성을 검토하였다. Heights of a platform above the rail for the passenger train in the country are classified into two categories such as the low level (500mm; mainline) and the high level (1,135mm; metropolitan subway line) platforms. In order to operate similarly both a mainline railroad and a metropolitan subway line, as the requisite door safety system, it is necessary to develop the doorstep equipment of the rolling stock regardless of both the low and high level platforms. In this study, Structural analysis and mechanical strength test of doorstep equipments used for two types of platforms are performed on the supposition that the train only for the low level platform could stop in the both low and high level platforms.

DART—a High Level Software-Defined Radio Platform Model for Developing the Run-Time Controller

Novel cognitive radio platforms, such as IMEC's COgnitive Baseband RAdio (COBRA), should ensure the feasibility of multiple streams and their reconfigurability and scalability during run-time. The control over these tasks should be dedicated to a run-time controller that (re)allocates the resources on the platform. E.g., when the channel conditions change requiring a switching to different modulation and coding scheme or a user starts a new stream. Current transaction level models are too detailed for rapid exploration of all run-time options and the high-level data-flow frameworks (such as Kahn process networks) lack the dynamism and reconfigurability that is essential for the exploration. In this paper we propose the DAtaflow for Run-Time (DART), the high-level dynamic data-flow platform model framework, suited for rapid run-time control development. We sketch how to use this framework to develop such a controller in the reactive and more challenging, proactive way. We derive the component timing based on Instruction Set Simulator (ISS) simulation and the reconfiguration timing based on Transaction Level Modeling (TLM) simulation. Finally, we verify results of our DART approach with full TLM simulation of our platform.