High Level Of Safety Research Articles

Twenty-three-hour stays in the ambulatory surgical center: benefits, pathways and protocols.

To summarize recent evidence that discusses the clinical, financial, and logistical implications of a 23 h stay postsurgical stay unit in an ambulatory surgical center (ASC). Twenty-three-hour stays in ambulatory surgery centers are safe, but proper patient selection and optimization are key to maintaining a high level of safety. The financial implications of overnight stays in ASCs rely heavily on payment structures and comparative costs at hospital-based outpatient surgery centers. The establishment of pathways and protocols for clinical care are key to the success of a 23 h stay at an ASC. A concurrent concern with the recent increase in outpatient surgery and medical complexity of cases performed in an ambulatory surgical center (ASC) is the possibility that patients may need overnight stay. Further, whether certain patients would benefit from anticipated 23 h observation rather than same-day discharge is an emerging topic. Overnight stays in ASCs may have financial advantages and decrease the risk of unanticipated admission with proper patient selection. The use of protocols and established pathways is key to the success of this model.

Hair regeneration using microneedle-assisted human basic fibroblast growth factor

Hair loss has afflicted numerous patients for several decades. However, the current drug treatment is only effective for specific types of alopecia and their efficacy is limited. Additionally, the cost of hair transplant surgery is relatively high, making it unaffordable for some patients. In this study, we propose a new treatment method using microneedles and growth factors to alleviate alopecia. The results of our study demonstrate that patients receiving human basic fibroblast growth factor (hbFGF) therapy experienced significant hair regeneration. Both male and female patients responded positively to the growth factor treatment, with males showing better results. Importantly, microneedle-assisted hbFGF therapy can be universally applied to androgenetic alopecia, alopecia areata, and telogen effluvium. In summary, this study presents a novel and highly effective method that shows great potential for treating alopecia, with high levels of safety and efficacy.

Vibration response analysis technique for elevator wire rope

Wire rope is an element often used in transportation infrastructure and systems such as bridges, elevators, ropeways, funiculars and so on. Generally, wire ropes require a high level of safety because they suspend heavy and important components such as roadways in bridges, cages and cabins in elevators, ropeways and funiculars. In addition to dead loads like roadways, wire ropes are subjected to dynamic loads caused by earthquakes, wind and moving cars, etc. Therefore, it is important to accurately simulate the dynamic response of wire ropes to dynamic loads to ensure safety of wire ropes. This paper deals with techniques for vibration response analyses of wire ropes. Techniques in this paper specially focused on a transverse vibration of wire ropes for elevators because their response is complicated by the moving cage and tension distribution. Vibration response analysis techniques using the difference method and a simplified mass point model will be introduced in this paper.

Energy-Efficient Modes of Dehydration of Pome Fruits during Microwave Treatment in Combination with Convection

The aim of the work is to significantly increase the efficiency of the dehydrating process of fruits with seeds, by treating it with microwaves in combination with convection. To achieve the purpose, an electrical installation was designed, produced, tested, optimized and implemented, which applies the combined technological treatment method in the dehydration process. Pears were selected as the object of the research in particular, because currently the production of these seeded fruits is not fully exploited, but they are of an increased interest for the agricultural producers and for specialized enterprises, and their dehydration by the methods currently used is difficult, especially because of the browning effect that occurs in the heat treatment process. The essential results obtained based on the research carried out, regarding the application of the elaborated installation, are: reduction of electricity consumption and treatment duration, increase in productivity and quality of dehydrated fruits. At the same time, the developed installation is simple in construction, has low cost and is easy to use, and during fruit processing it allows strict monitoring of the technological parameters, and researches demonstrated a high level of safety in operation. The significance of the obtained results lies in the solution to a series of problems, which are currently faced by the enterprises specialized in fruit processing, in particular by significantly increasing the efficiency of the process of dehydration of pears, based on the proposed method of combined treatment, predominantly with increasing the speed of dehydration, energy efficiency, quality of final products and profitability.

Modelling and Analysis of Expansion Joints' Effect on Dynamic Performance of Railway Rigid Overhead System.

This study focuses on developing a comprehensive model of a rigid overhead system, which includes essential components such as the suspension structure, positioning clamp, and expansion joint. The modelling approach utilizes finite element theory and beam elements to accurately represent the displacement, stiffness, and mass characteristics of the system. The models also incorporate the suspension structure and positioning line clamp, which play crucial roles in suspending and positioning the busbar. Various suspension structures and positioning line clamps are evaluated based on their dynamic characteristics. The expansion joint, responsible for connecting different anchor sections of the rigid overhead system, undergoes a detailed analysis. Different assembly scenarios, including ideal and deflected assembly conditions, are considered. To simulate the dynamic behaviour of the expansion joint, additional beams are introduced into the system model. The primary finding of the analysis is that the maximum stresses observed in the constructed expansion joint model, under different temperature conditions and normal/deflected assembly conditions, remain within the permissible stress limits of the material. This indicates a high level of safety. However, certain areas exhibit stress concentration, particularly at the sliding block B and sliding rod A positions. This stress concentration is primarily attributed to the unique assembly form of the expansion joint. To improve stress distribution and enhance service reliability, the analysis suggests optimizing the installation deflection angle and geometric design of the expansion joint. Furthermore, the concentrated mass at the expansion joint significantly impacts the current collection quality of the pantograph-overhead system. Mitigating this negative impact can be achieved by reducing the mass of the expansion joint.

Biomass-derived nitrogen-doped carbon fiber driven δ-MnO2 for aqueous zinc-ion batteries with high energy and power density

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are considered potential devices for energy storage because of their low cost and high level of safety. However, the efficiency of AZIBs is influenced by the cathode reaction kinetics. Herein, we propose the δ-MnO2 nanorods grow in situ on natural loofah sponge-derived nitrogen-doped hollow carbon fibers (HCF), which can significantly improve both ion/electron transfer rate and provide structural stabilization. The self-assembled δ-MnO2-HCF (HCM) electrodes exhibit excellent electrochemical performances, including an impressively specific capacity (341 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1), exceptional long cycling stability (87% capacity retention after 3500 cycles at 2 A g−1), and superb energy density and power density (540 Wh kg−1 at 288 W kg−1 and 164 Wh kg−1 at 5485 W kg−1), all based on the mass of cathode. In addition, the inclusion of HCF leads to a notable enhancement in the electrical conductivity of HCM, and a reduction in the energy barriers for Zn ions to diffuse between the δ-MnO2 layers, according to density functional theory (DFT) calculations. It is promising that the HCM will serve as a design guide for developing cost-effective and high-performance cathode materials for AZIBs.

Comparative safety evaluation of intranasal and intramuscular immunisation with Ad26 and Ad5-vectored vaccines to prevent coronavirus infection

Scientific relevance. Intranasal vaccination may dramatically change current approaches to mass immunisation against various infections, shifting the focus from inducing systemic humoral and cellular immune responses to developing mucosal immunity and protective barriers on the mucous membranes, which are entry points for pathogens. Therefore, the safety of switching from intramuscular to intranasal vaccination should be evaluated.Aim. This study aimed to compare the safety of intranasal and intramuscular vaccination using the intermediate results of the phase III VCI-COV-III clinical trial in healthy volunteers.Materials and methods. The evaluation of the safety profile was based on the adverse events and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) documented by investigators in the interim report on the randomised, double-blind clinical trial of the Salnavac intranasal vaccine (InV) and the Gam-COVID-Vac intramuscular vaccine (ImV) against coronavirus infection. The report covered 42 days of observation in 137 healthy volunteers.Results. ADRs were reported for 17/68 (25%) and 30/69 (43.5%) volunteers in the InV group and the ImV group, respectively (p=0.036). The ADRs reported for the InV group were systemic and local, short-term, mostly mild, and generally consistent in incidence and nature with the ADRs typically observed with other nasal products.Conclusions. According to the preliminary data obtained in the clinical trial, the InV demonstrates a high level of safety. Its safety profile is comparable with those of other intranasal and intramuscular vaccines for the prevention of coronavirus infection.

Coordination behavior of cocaine toward d-block metal ions: Synthesis, spectral analysis, density functional theory (DFT) studies, and chemotherapeutic activity

The exploration of novel bioactive metallopharmaceuticals for the treatment of diseases such as microbial infections or cancer, with a focus on reducing side effects and drug resistance, is a prominent area of investigation within the field of medicinal inorganic chemistry. In this study, a new series of binary cocaine (COC) metal complexes with some d-block metal ions were synthesized and structurally characterized. Except for Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes, which had a 1:2 metal-to-ligand stoichiometric ratio, all of the produced complexes were found to have a 1:1 metal-to-ligand stoichiometry. The Fe(III) and Cd(II) complexes were further analysed through theoretical density functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate their geometry optimization and electronic transitions. The anticancer activity of the complexes was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The Co(II) complex demonstrated potential cytotoxic effects against the hepatoblastoma (HepG-2) and Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cell lines, with IC50 values of 9.78 µM and 10.36 µM, respectively. Moreover, it exhibited good safety on human normal cells. Additional research was conducted on the Co(II) complex to explore its impact on cellular concentrations of the human p21 and p27 tumor suppressor nuclear proteins, as well as its effects on apoptosis, metastasis, and oxidative stress in the MCF-7 cancer cell line. The findings revealed that the Co(II) complex showed promising antiproliferative and antimetastatic properties while maintaining a high level of safety and tolerability on normal cells. The antimicrobial activity of the complexes was also investigated, with both the Cr(III) and Ni(II) complexes exhibiting antibacterial activity comparable to the standard gentamicin against Escherichia coli. Additionally, the Fe(III) and Cd(II) complexes demonstrated inhibitory effects on Salmonella typhimurium equivalent to that of gentamicin.

Comparative Analysis of Custom-Designed Soft Pneumatic Actuators for Human Thumb Movement in Post-Stroke Rehabilitation

One of the most potential applications of soft actuator is as wearable medical devices for post-stroke rehabilitation as a field that requires high levels of safety and adaptability. Incorporating SPAs into such devices can provide a safer and more secure solution, ensuring controlled movements that do not pose a risk to patients. However, there is a research gap regarding the design considerations for soft actuators specifically targeting the human thumb, which exhibits distinct motion patterns compared to the other fingers. This paper addresses this gap by developing and evaluating custom-designed SPAs for the movement of the human thumb, with a focus on post-stroke rehabilitation. Three SPA models (M1, M2, and M3) were proposed, and their performance in replicating the twisting motion of the thumb was assessed. The SPAs were fabricated using 3D printing, and image processing software was utilized for measurement and analysis. The results showed that the M3 model, with two sections of chambers in different axes, exhibited the best performance in generating the desired twisting angle. Integration of the M3 model with four finger-shaped SPAs enabled successful grasping and picking-like movements. This research contributes to the advancement of soft actuators in wearable medical devices, particularly in post-stroke rehabilitation, and holds promise for enhancing patient recovery and quality of life.

Visual quality and safety monitoring system for human-robot cooperation

Efficient workspace awareness is critical for improved interaction in cooperative and collaborative robotic applications. In addition to safety and control aspects, quality-related tasks such as the monitoring of manual activities and the final quality assessment of the results are also required. In this context, a visual quality and safety monitoring system is developed and evaluated. The system integrates close-up observation of manual activities and posture monitoring. A compact single-camera stereo vision system and a time-of-flight depth camera are used to minimize the interference of the sensors with the operator and the workplace. Data processing is based on a deep learning to detect classes related to quality and safety aspects. The operation of the system is evaluated while monitoring a human-robot manual assembly task. The results show that the system ensures a high level of safety, provides reliable visual feedback to the operator on errors in the assembly process, and inspects the finished assembly with a low critical error rate.

Activation of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor contributed to the ultrasonic modulation of neurons in vitro

Ultrasound stimulation is increasingly used to investigate brain function and treat brain diseases due to its high level of safety and precise spatiotemporal resolution. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms involved in ultrasound brain stimulation. In this study, we investigate the role of NMDA receptors in mediating the effects of ultrasound on primary hippocampal neurons in mice. Our results show that ultrasound alone can activate heterologous NMDA receptor subunits, including NR1A, NR2A, and NR2B, in 293T cells, as well as endogenous NMDA receptors in primary neurons. This activation leads to an influx of calcium and an increase in nuclear c-Fos expression in primary neurons that have not been pre-treated with an NMDA receptor inhibitor. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that NMDA receptors contribute to neuronal activation by ultrasound stimulation in vitro, providing insight into the molecular mechanisms of ultrasound neuromodulation and a new mediator for the sonogenetics technique.

Trap engineering in ZnGa2O4:Tb3+ through Bi3+ doping for multi-modal luminescence and advanced anti-counterfeiting strategy

Optical information encryption based on luminescence materials have received much attention recently. However, the single luminescence mode of the luminescence materials greatly limits its anti-counterfeiting application with high safety level. Here, a series of luminescence materials of Tb3+ and Bi3+ co-doped ZnGa2O4 phosphors with great correspondence in photoluminescence (PL), persistent luminescence (PersL), and thermoluminescence (TL) modes was synthesized by the conventional solid-phase method for the application in multi-modal anti-counterfeiting fields. Under the excitation of 254 nm, ZnGa1.99O4:0.01 Tb3+, yBi3+ (y = 0.001,0.002) sample exhibited a broad blue emission band (the transition from [GaO6]) at 440 nm and the characteristic emission peaks of Tb3+ at 495 nm, 550 nm, 591 nm and 625 nm, corresponding to the transitions of 5D4-7Fn (n = 6, 5, 4, 3), respectively. Interestingly, the co-doping of Bi3+ ions improve the crystallinity and particle size of the phosphor, subsequently enhanced the PL intensity of Tb3+ to 6 times that of Tb3+ singly doped ZnGa2O4 phosphor. Further, the flexible films with multi-modal luminescence properties have been fabricated through the unique TL and PersL characteristics of ZnGa2O4: Tb3+, Bi3+ phosphors, including “Optical information storage film”, “snowflake and characters” and “QR code”. Moreover, a set of optical information encryption is obtained by combining ZnGa2O4:Tb3+, Bi3+ phosphor and red emitting phosphor. The results indicate that ZnGa2O4:Tb3+, Bi3+ phosphor with multi-modal stimulus response can be expected to be potentially used in the applications of optical information storage and anti-counterfeiting fields.

The Impact of Covid-19 on Human Factors in the Aircraft Maintenance Environment - Effects within Approved Aircraft Maintenance Organisations Operating in Malta

Since the aviation industry itself creates a risky environment, a high levelof safety must be ensured during the flight of an aircraft. Aircraft maintenance up tohigh standards is a main requirement intended to ensure the safety of flights and hascontributed to drastically reduce the number of aviation accidents. In addition, for everyaviation accident the cause must be identified to prevent re-occurrence and reduce thenumber further down the line. Statistically, most aviation accidents occurring nowadaysare due to human errors, making awareness of human factors in every area of aviation veryimportant, including the maintenance area. With the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in2020, peoples everyday life across the whole world was affected. The aviation industrywas heavily impacted by this pandemic with reduction in aviation operations, affectingairports, airlines, as well as approved aircraft maintenance organisations. The effect ofCOVID-19 on human factors has been both physiological and psychological. Since thephysiological and psychological aspects of human factors are known to have considerableeffects on the human error element in aviation, it can be concluded that with COVID-19the risk of committing errors in aviation has increased. This research is aimed to discoverthe element of such increased risk in aviation, particularly within the aircraft maintenanceenvironment. Research participants are people working in the aircraft maintenanceenvironment. Several independent variables identified from the literature review, known toaffect an identified dependent variable, form an initial conceptual framework. A survey hasbeen conducted through which exploratory statements have been set up to address theindependent variables, each in a context of the impact of human factors on the requiredsafety standards in aircraft maintenance. Data collected from a total of 75 respondents hasbeen checked for validity using a test question inserted in the survey. This has given a totalof 68 valid responses which have been analysed. Analysis has been conducted using SPSSSoftware. Analysis for data consistency revealed an acceptable Cronbachs Alpha value ofover 0.8. SPSS which was then used to carry out dimension reduction using ExploratoryFactor Analysis (EFA). Through the EFA technique the number of independent variableshas been reduced for further research from 22 to 6. Final analysis of the data shows thatmost of the respondents agree that in general Covid-19 has had a similar impact on humanfactors in aircraft maintenance, as it has had on the rest of the aviation industry. Based onthis research it is suggested that measures should be taken so that a phenomenon likea pandemic situation, that would affect the physiological and psychological aspects ofpeople, is addressed in the human factors element of aviation, in particular the aircraftmaintenance environment. The pilot-study conducted also sets up a basis for futureresearch in human factors in aircraft maintenance, and how they can be influenced bysituations that can pose higher risks for a person to commit errors while performing workrelated to aviation, particularly while carrying out aircraft maintenance performance andcertification activities before an aircraft can be released for further flights.

Possibilities of treatment by radiofrequency denervation in coxarthrosis of various stages

The scientific review presents the treatment of coxarthrosis of various stages by the radiofrequency denervations technique. Full-text articles were searched in open electronic databases PubMed, eLibrary, CyberLeninka for the maximum possible time interval for the time interval from 1990 to 2023. Fifteen scientific articles were selected, in which 302 patients were treated with 489 radiofrequency denervations of the hip joint. The authors provide information about the state of the problem with special attention to the characteristics of various denervation protocols and justification of the choice of target points for exposure from the standpoint of anatomy and innervation of the hip joint. RCD is a modern, interventional, and effective solution to the main symptom, which is pain, according to numerous studies. The introduction of targeted effects on the articular branches of the locking and femoral nerves by radiofrequency denervation into the work of a practitioner can increase the period of remission of exacerbation of coxarthrosis and shorten the period of disability with a high level of intervention safety for the patient. Conducting further research on the role of radiofrequency denervation in coxarthrosis is critical.

Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosomes Driven Drug Co-Delivery Biomimetic Nanosystem for Effective Combination of Malignant Melanoma Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy.

Malignant melanoma (MM), the most lethal skin cancer, is highly invasive and metastatic. These qualities are related to not only genetic mutations in MM itself but also the interaction of MM cells with the immune system and microenvironment. This study aimed to construct a combined immunotherapy and gene therapy drug delivery system for the effective treatment of MM. Mature dendritic cell (mDC) exosomes (mDexos) with immune induction functions were used as carriers. BRAF siRNA (siBRAF) with the ability to silence mutated BRAF in MM was encapsulated in mDexos by electroporation to construct a biomimetic nanosystem for the codelivery of immunotherapy and gene therapy drugs (siBRAF-mDexos) to the MM microenvironment. Then, we investigated the nanosystem's serum stability and biocompatibility, uptake efficiency in mouse melanoma cells (B16-F10 cells), cytotoxicity against B16-F10 cells and inhibitory effect on BRAF expression. Furthermore, we evaluated its antimelanoma activity and safety in vivo. SiBRAF-mDexos were nanosized. Compared to siBRAF, siBRAF-mDexos displayed significantly increased serum stability, biocompatibility, uptake efficiency in B16-F10 cells, and cytotoxicity to B16-F10 melanoma cells; they also had a significantly greater inhibitory effect on BRAF expression and induced T-lymphocyte proliferation. Moreover, compared with siBRAF, siBRAF-mDexos showed significantly enhanced anti-MM activity and a high level of safety in vivo. The study suggests that the siBRAF-mDexo biomimetic drug codelivery system can be used to effectively treat MM, which provides a new strategy for combined gene therapy and immunotherapy for MM.

Generation and characterization of a genetically modified live rabies vaccine strain with attenuating mutations in multiple viral proteins and evaluation of its potency in dogs

Live rabies vaccines have advantageous features that can facilitate mass vaccination for dogs, the most important reservoirs/transmitters of rabies. However, some live vaccine strains have problems in their safety, namely, risks from the residual pathogenicity and the pathogenic reversion of live vaccine strains. The reverse genetics system of rabies virus provides a feasible option to improve the safety of a live vaccine strain by, for example, artificially introducing attenuating mutations into multiple viral proteins. It was previously demonstrated in separate studies that introduction of amino acid residues Leu at position 333 in the viral glycoprotein (G333), Ser at G194, and Leu/His at positions 273/394 in the nucleoprotein (N273/394) enhance the safety of a live vaccine strain. In this study, to test our hypothesis that combinational introduction of these residues would significantly increase the safety level of a vaccine strain, we generated a novel live vaccine candidate, ERA-NG2, that is attenuated by mutations at N273/394 and G194/333, and we examined its safety and immunogenicity in mice and dogs. ERA-NG2 did not cause any clinical signs in mice after intracerebral inoculation. After 10 passages in suckling mouse brains, ERA-NG2 retained all of the introduced mutations except the mutation at N394 and the highly attenuated phenotype. These findings indicate that the ERA-NG2 is highly and stably attenuated. After confirming that ERA-NG2 induced a virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) response and protective immunity in mice, we immunized dogs intramuscularly with a single dose (105-7 focus-forming units) of ERA-NG2 and found that, at all of the tested doses, the strain induced a VNA response in dogs without inducing any clinical signs. These findings demonstrate that ERA-NG2 has a high level of safety and a substantial level of immunogenicity in dogs and thus is a promising live vaccine candidate that can facilitate vaccination in dogs.

Assessing Hospital Safety Index in the Iranian Hospitals

Background: Hospital preparedness for accidents and disasters is vital in maintaining and promoting community health. However, the country’s hospitals are not well prepared for disasters. The hospital safety index (HSI) was 42% in Iranian hospitals in 2014. This study aims to investigate the HSI in Iranian hospitals in 2020 and to provide solutions to improve it. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed for the country’s hospitals. The results recorded in the Farsi version of the hospital safety index (FHSI) software in 2020 were used. Hospital teams used the FHSI checklist (151 options) in three areas of structural, non-structural, and functional safety to assess the hospital and register in the FHSI system. The registered results of the hospitals were collected based on the medical universities of the country. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 604 hospitals registered safety index information in the system. The mean score of the HSI of the country’s hospitals was 60.84. A total of 130 hospitals (21.5%) had low safety levels, 418 hospitals (69%) had moderate safety levels, and 56 hospitals (9.2%) had high safety levels against disasters. The mean scores were in structural safety (57.20), non-structural (65.24), and functional safety (63.36). Hamedan (76.81) and Kerman (75.61) Provinces had the highest score, and Yazd (53.74), and Lorestan (57.31) Provinces had the lowest score in the country. Conclusion: The HSI against disasters in 2020 compared to 2014 has reached 6 out of 10 and we have about a 41.5% increase in safety (from 43 to 60.84). However, the HSI is moderate. Strengthening the safety and resilience of hospitals, improving the safety of medical equipment, improving the knowledge and skills of managers in the scientific development of preparedness, response and recovery programs, funding and support of crisis programs, attention to security programs, pollution, and evacuation are among the solutions of development and enhancement of hospital preparedness against disasters.

Сравнение методик расчета инспекционного интервала при реализации риск- ориентированного подхода к инспекции технологического оборудования

The article deals with the problems of conducting periodic inspections of equipment. This is due to the high frequency of equipment shutdown for its technical diagnostics and examination in accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documentation, in particular the Federal norms and rules «Rules for the safe operation of process pipelines». It is noted that the inspection is an important tool for ensuring the integrity of the equipment and, as a result, the industrial safety of the facility. At the same time, it is indicated that the inspection can be implemented on the basis of one of two approaches: regulated and risk-oriented. A general description of the inspection methodology, taking into account risk factors, is presented. It is pointed out that a risk-based approach to inspections is widespread in a number of countries. Various methods of implementing this approach are given, taking into account a large number of standards. The basics of API 581 3rd Edition and S-RBI techniques used for inspections are described. The technological process of the gas condensate stabilization system of a plant for the production of liquefied natural gas is described. A process pipeline is considered as an object of the study, for which an inspection interval is determined using the API 581 3rd Edition methodology. At the first stage of determining the inspection interval according to the S-RBI methodology, the process of assessing the criticality of the failure is described. The second step describes the process of determining the confidence factor, where the focus is on the estimation of the uncertainty in predicting the corrosion rate. At the third stage, the coefficient of the inspection interval is determined based on the data on the criticality of the failure and the reliability factor. Then an example of calculating the inspection interval for the object under study is given. Based on the results obtained, a conclusion was made about the comparability of API 581 3rd Edition and S-RBI methods. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages, but at the same time they provide optimization of the scope of inspection work while maintaining a high level of industrial safety of the facility. In order to improve production efficiency, reliability and safety of pressure equipment, and optimize inspection intervals (which will allow to reduce the financial costs of enterprises), it is advisable to apply the above practices in the Russian Federation, providing the required legal and regulatory framework.

Vacancy engineering of MoS2−X @NCNTs for efficient storage of zinc ions

Zinc-ion batteries are receiving interest due to their high level of safety and eco-friendliness. However, the sluggish diffusion kinetics of zinc ions in the electrode limit its practical application. In this paper, rapid Zn2+ diffusion in the MoS2−X @NCNTs cathode is achieved by utilizing the S vacancies generated under a H2/Ar atmosphere and N-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) derived from the pyrolysis of polyethylene and melamine. The presence of S vacancies significantly reduces the diffusion barrier of Zn2+, thereby promoting the transport of Zn2+ ions. MoS2−X @NCNTs cathode demonstrates an impressive discharge specific capacity of 220 mAh g−1 (0.1 A g−1) and a remarkable reversible capacity of 173 mAh g−1 (3 A g−1). Furthermore, the reduced adsorption energy of MoS2−X nanosheets leads to Zn2+ tending to preferentially insert S vacancies, resulting in a larger capacity than pure MoS2. This work realizes efficient storage of Zn2+ in 2D disulfides through carbon frameworks and S vacancies. In addition, flexible zinc batteries with MoS2−X @NCNTs cathodes have promising applications in wearable devices.

Sisterhood at a Distance: Doing Feminist Support Work Online

The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics of feminist peer support in the context of online chat counseling. Based on 15 interviews with female lay supporters associated with a branch of the Swedish women's shelter movement targeting young women, we explore how the digital setting—characterized by distance and anonymity—affects the meaning and doing of feminist support. Our results show that core principles of feminist support—striving for equality and trust, the crafting of safe spaces, and sharing experiences—are all renegotiated and/or accentuated by the digital setting. The chat is experienced as enabling a more equal relationship and a high level of safety. The meaning of safety has largely shifted, however, from being associated with a feminist community to safety associated with solitude and distance. We further show a tension in the respondents’ understanding of shared experiences, stressing both the importance of situated knowledges and the value of not knowing who is seeking or offering support. By combining research and material on feminist support and online youth counseling, the article offers novel perspectives on feminist counseling and social work, the power dimensions of online counseling, and the virtual space as an arena for feminist activism.