High Level Of Integration Research Articles

BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO INTEGRATED SUBSTANCE USE AND HIV CARE: ADMINISTRATOR AND PROVIDER PERSPECTIVES

Abstract Since the beginning of the HIV epidemic, HIV and substance use have been intricately connected. Substance use may cause additional damage to the brain, higher viral loads, low medication adherence, and higher AIDS-related deaths. A potential area to improve access to care and treatment for people aging with HIV and substance use is through integrated care. Yet little is known about the barriers and facilitators to integrated care, especially in practices serving vulnerable populations, such as older adults or PLWH in rural areas. We conducted in-depth interviews with 21 providers (e.g., Physicians, APPs, RNs) and 15 administrators (e.g., clinic managers, care coordinators) across Georgia between January 2021 and November 2022. Interviews explored perceptions about clinic integration and desire, or lack of desire, to increase integration. Data were analyzed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Both groups perceived important benefits to integrated care, especially for older or more vulnerable populations, but the definitions varied across respondents. Providers and administrators agreed that integrated care provided greater access to care with less interruption to patients’ lives. Barriers to increasing integration included, but were not limited to, physical space, staffing and budgetary constraints, and limited opportunities for collaboration. Most providers, except those in practices with the highest levels of integration, experienced barriers to getting patients into adequate substance use treatment when needed. Integrated care is vital to treating older adults and vulnerable individuals living with HIV, especially those with co-occurring substance use disorders.

Screening through a broad pool: Towards better diversity for lexically constrained text generation

Lexically constrained text generation (CTG) is to generate text that contains given constrained keywords. However, the text diversity of existing models is still unsatisfactory. In this paper, we propose a lightweight dynamic refinement strategy that aims at increasing the randomness of inference to improve generation richness and diversity while maintaining a high level of fluidity and integrity. Our basic idea is to enlarge the number and length of candidate sentences in each iteration, and choose the best for subsequent refinement. On the one hand, different from previous works, which carefully insert one token between two words per action, we insert an uncertain number of tokens following a well-designed distribution. To ensure high-quality decoding, the insertion number increases as more words are generated. On the other hand, we randomly mask an increasing number of generated words to force Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to examine the whole sentence via reconstruction. We have conducted extensive experiments and designed four dimensions for human evaluation. Compared with important baseline (CBART (He, 2021)), our method improves the 1.3% (B-2), 0.1% (B-4), 0.016 (N-2), 0.016 (N-4), 5.7% (M), 1.9% (SB-4), 0.6% (D-2), 0.5% (D-4) on One-Billion-Word dataset (Chelba et al., 2014) and 1.6% (B-2), 0.1% (B-4), 0.121 (N-2), 0.120 (N-4), 0.0% (M), 6.7% (SB-4), 2.7% (D-2), 3.8% (D-4) on Yelp dataset (Cho et al., 2018). The results demonstrate that our method is more diverse and plausible.

A S-band switchless bi-directional transceiver with a 52% fractional bandwidth in CMOS technology

This paper presents a bi-directional switchless wideband transceiver front-end for S-band multi-functional digital array system. In an S-band digital array system, a silicon-based RF front-end module requires a high integration level, compact size, large bandwidth, and low power consumption features. A bi-directional switchless transceiver could provide a compact solution. However, the shared RF matching network in such a transceiver is crucial due to its influence on Rx sensitivity, Tx output power, TRx isolation, and bandwidth. This work proposes a compact π matching network for simultaneous broadband Rx noise matching, Tx power matching, and TRx isolation. Also, a double quadrature down-conversion architecture is proposed to improve image signal rejection in the whole S-band. Therefore, false detection in the S-band digital array can be avoided. Fabricated in a 0.18μm CMOS technology, this S-band transceiver occupies a silicon area of 3.2 × 2 mm2. In the Rx mode, the measured gain is 20.7–28 dB in 2–4 GHz at 25 °C. The RX noise figure is 9.5–11.5 dB, and the input 1-dB compression point is -11 dBm. In the Tx mode, the gain is 16.5–19.6 dB in 2–4 GHz at 25 °C, and Psat is 10.2 dBm. The RX bandwidth is 2–3.4 GHz, while that of Tx is 2–4 GHz. The corresponding fractional bandwidth is 52% and 67%, respectively. Furthermore, this transceiver shows an image rejection ratio of 28.9–41.4 dB suppression at the operation frequency band.

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Error Vector Magnitude as a Performance Standard for Antennas in the Millimeter-Wave Era: Part 2: Modeling, simulation, and measurement methods

The error vector magnitude (EVM) is a comprehensive measure of the amplitude and phase distortion of digitally modulated signals and a potential tool for characterizing the performance of active beamforming arrays, especially at millimeter-wave frequencies, because of the high level of integration and limited spacing between the radiating elements. A review of the EVM measurement process and fundamental principles for time-domain demodulation with a vector signal analyzer (VSA) and spectral correlation with a vector network analyzer (VNA) was presented in [1]. This article demonstrates how researchers have modeled and measured impairments from antenna and phased array signal transmission to characterize their influence on the EVM of single and multicarrier digital signals. It presents examples of simulation models and measurements of the distortion from ultrawideband (UWB) passive antenna transmission, power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities, and phased array beam squint and beam scan intersymbol interference (ISI). A brief survey of over-the-air (OTA) test ranges for EVM analysis is also provided. This overview of state-of-the-art EVM simulation and measurement methods is intended to help interested readers understand and enhance the EVM performance analysis methods applied to antennas and phased arrays in this new era of millimeter-wave communications.

Blockchain Voting: A Step Towards Inclusive Democracy

Abstract: The online voting system that incorporates blockchain technology aims to transform the voting process by introducing upgraded trust, transparency and security. Through the utilization of a decentralized blockchain network, the proposed system ensures that each vote is securely recorded and verified, thereby establishing an immutable and tamper-resistant voting mechanism. One of the fundamental feature of the system is eligible voter verification. By leveraging blockchain's distributed nature, the system can verify the identity and eligibility of each voter, ensure that eligible individuals can only participate in the voting system. This authentication process adds an additional layer of security and helps prevent fraudulent activities. Secure vote casting is another crucial component of the proposed voting system. Through the utilization of blockchain, each and every vote is encrypted and securely stored in a decentralized manner. This ensures that votes cannot be altered or manipulated, providing a high level of integrity to the voting process. Additionally, the system emphasizes transparent result tallying. The decentralized nature of blockchain technology allows for the public verification of votes, enabling anyone to audit the voting process. This transparency enhances trust among voters, as it provides them with the ability to independently verify the accuracy of the election results. Overall, the proposed online voting system, empowered by blockchain technology, offers a transparent, secure and tamper-resistant solution for conducting elections. By leveraging the benefits of blockchain, such as decentralization and immutability, the system addresses the challenges faced by traditional voting systems and provides a more reliable and trustworthy platform for the democratic process. It has the potential to enhance the integrity of elections, increase voter turnout, and foster trust in the electoral system.

Factors that contribute to integrity of academicians in Malaysian public university: A case study

Low integrity is a challenge for any organization. However, most organizations emphasize integrity without explaining what is required of an individual with high integrity. Exhibiting high integrity is necessary for academics; yet, the level of academic integrity remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the integrity level of academicians in a Malaysian public university. This paper shares the findings on the level of integrity of academics based on a questionnaire completed by 213 academicians. Data were collected by survey questionnaire and was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. An overall mean score of 9.45 from a possible 10.0 indicated a high level of integrity among academics. The self-evaluation results by academics also demonstrated that they have attained integrity at a high level for their generic task, teaching and learning, research and publications and service for community with a mean score between 9.36 and 9.49. The value with the highest mean score was for “service to community”, whereas the lowest was for “research and publication”. These findings show that the university has successfully instilled values of integrity among academicians. Nevertheless, the university must continue to enhance academic integrity by exploring religiosity. Using Google Scholar, a literature search identified an Islam-based academic integrity model to explain the quantitative findings. Finally, a mixed method approach and involving all universities in Malaysia are recommended to further the findings of this study.

Addressing Challenges in Dual Sided SiP Thermal Budget

System-in-Package (SiP) has been adopted as the mainstream advanced packaging technology in many consumer applications including 5G smartphones, tablets, wireless earbuds, smart wearables, etc. Heterogeneous integration, smaller form factor, better electrical performance, lower cost of assembly and faster time to market are the key differentiators of SiP as compared to conventional packaging techniques. In applications such as 5G mobile RF Front-End (RFFE) and Antenna-in-package (AiP) modules, dual sided SiP is the popular approach which brings even higher level of integration and smaller form factor. However thermal warpage control is a significant challenge during two times of solder reflow processes for the front and back sides of the package, especially if one side is with underfill and mold materials which have significant CTE mismatch to the substrate and dies, causing delamination failures and yield losses. This study examines the novel solution of reducing thermal budget with the use of a low temperature solder paste material based on SnBiAg alloy in ultra-fine pitch Type 6 solder powders. It allows a minimal peak reflow temperature of only 170 °C that effectively reduces warpage of dual sided SiP substrates. Solder alloy and paste properties and solder joint microstructures are examined in detail for tests including fine-pitch printing and component soldering, thermal aging test on different substrate finishes, thermal cycling test and mechanical drop test for reliability performance.

TURNOVER INTENTION IN THE CEMENT INDUSTRY: A mediating model evaluation for future mitigation

In the industrial sectors, retaining millennial employees by optimizing organizational support and suitability of workload is important to maintain the company's existence through human resources management, especially in the cement industry which requires employees with high-level integrity due to heavy work intensities. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyze and determine the effect of perceived organizational support and workload on turnover intention, by using the mediating contribution of job satisfaction to permanent millennial employees in one of the cement industries in Indonesia. Recorded, as many as 100 permanent millennial employees from various departments have participated. In terms of feedback data responses, were analyzed with the assistance of IBM SPSS software and Smart-PLS's latest version. Results found that fifth-relationships are in line with the research expectations while not to the other two. A quantitative approach with an explanatory design was used, in which the data were collected through online method distribution with the assistance of Google-form questionnaires. In the techniques of analysis, this study uses Smart-PLS software's latest version to assist the structural equation model (Average Variance Extracted > 0,5, Composite Reliability > 0,7, HTMT < 0,85, and R-square > 0,33), and second-order path-analysis (T > 1,96 & P ≤ 0,05) while IBM SPSS latest version used to descriptive analysis.

Investigation of the Formability of AA6010 in an Integrated Forming and Hardening Process Aiming to Reduce the Energy Consumption in High Volume Production of Automotive Components

Hot deformation and in-die quenching of aluminum components for the automotive industry is a cost and energy efficient technique that has been developed and thoroughly evaluated in recent years. The performance of this process is considered higher when compared to traditional cold metal forming due to shorter process times, low-cost machinery, and a high level of structural integrity in fabricated parts. The work presented in this paper provides several approaches for the formability of age hardenable 6xxx alloy sheets when forming at different temperatures. Warm tensile testing and formability cup testing were carried out to investigate the alloy formability at different temperatures. The results indicate that the formability of candidate alloys is not significantly affected by deformation temperatures or conditions, which provides great freedom when designing an automated production process with high productivity and minimal environmental impact. The candidate alloy can be deep drawn without severe thinning at the whole temperature range, from room temperature (RT) to solutionizing temperature.

Extended Lifetime Testing of SiC CMOS Electronics at 500°C

Silicon Carbide (SiC) CMOS electronics is a promising approach for realizing high level of integration, especially for implementing digital functions, while significantly reducing the power dissipation on chip compared to NMOS-only, or JFET approaches. Gate oxide in MOSFET-based electronics pose a potential reliability challenge for operating at extreme temperatures. GE has previously developed gate oxide reliability models that predicted reliable operation at 500°C, but experimental validation had not been conducted previously. Recent testing results of testing of 500°C operation of SiC CMOS based integrated circuit over 60 days of continuous operation are presented. The results show the gate oxide surviving extended operating time of both NMOS and PMOS devices at 500°C. and thereby enabling a roadmap towards realizing more complex digital function at extreme temperature >=500°C.

Sustainable Business Practices: Integrating Environmental and Social Responsibility into Corporate Strategy

This study makes a valuable contribution to the ongoing scholarly discourse surrounding the incorporation of formal instruments in the management of corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives and their potential impact on the integration of CSR into corporate strategy. The primary objective of this study is twofold: firstly, to examine the necessity of a significant level of formalization in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities in order to achieve a substantial level of integration of CSR into corporate strategy; secondly, to comprehend the functions and contributions of formal CSR instruments in facilitating this integration process. To address the research inquiries, a set of eleven case studies were conducted on prominent multinational corporations that are engaged in business operations within Italy. The findings of the empirical research indicate that there is a strong correlation between a high level of integration and a significant reliance on formalization, although there are notable exceptions to this trend. The observed outcome can be elucidated by the significant contribution of nearly all elements of CSR formalization in facilitating the incorporation of CSR within the broader framework of corporate strategy.

Design of low-noise low-power ECG amplifier circuit with high integration level

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a common tool in medicine and is an important indicator for diagnosing many diseases. Nowadays, aspects such as low noise, low power, and high integration have become important indicators for ECG circuit design. Also, due to the low amplitude of ECG signals, ECG circuits need to have high gain to ensure accurate signal detection and analysis. Second, ECG signals are usually subject to interference from other parts of the body, so a high common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is required to suppress these interfering signals. In this paper, we propose an ECG circuit composed of an amplifier with a drive right leg circuit (DRL) using pseudo-resistors as well as capacitors to improve the common instrumentation amplifier. The simulation using industrial-grade simulation software LTspice shows that the circuit has a voltage of 1.8 V, a bandwidth of 17 mHz-1 KHz, a gain of 55 dB, and an INR of 3.4 μVrms, and because the signal amplifier part of this circuit design consists of only pseudo-pseudo-resistors, capacitors, and mos tubes. Therefore, it has a smaller size and a higher degree of integration. In addition, the circuit has less power loss for the same amplification design. Overall, this design has excellent characteristics such as low noise, low power, and small size.

Assessment of the Implementation of the Substitution Augmentation Modification Redefinition Model in Online Courses during the Prep Phase at University of Global Health Equity

Purpose: Instructional technology integration at the institutional level can be fraught with a lack of preparedness (25.6%) and understanding (39.1%) (Kihoza et al., 2016; Lacruz, 2018). To mediate these issues a sound instructional technology integration approach is critical to the success of educational programs. The Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, Redefinition (SAMR) model (Lacruz, 2018) was designed to aid educator’s measuring the level of technology integration in their class and to offer suggestions for the lack thereof. For technology integration to be successful overtime, faculty and student satisfaction must remain high. The purpose of this study is to implement an instructional technology approach based on the SAMR model and assess faculty and student satisfaction with this model.
 Methodology: This study was a mixed methods cross-sectional study that evaluated Prep Phase courses for the level of SAMR model use.
 Findings: Results showed that courses with a high level of technology integration at the Modification and Redefinition levels also had high levels of student satisfaction. What is distinctive in this study is that the implementation was tracked from beginning to end, with student and faculty satisfaction being assessed.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that a looser version of the SAMR Model may be used so that faculty training focuses more on engaging technologies and less on a broad model. Faculty training time can be limited so finding ways to maximize that time would certainly be beneficial.

Deep Learning-Based Video Compression for Surveillance Footage

The utilization of closed-circuit television (CCTV) monitoring plays a pivotal role in the realm of video processing, providing an effective means for vigilant surveillance. However, a significant challenge associated with this practice is the substantial demand it places on storage space. Traditionally, surveillance footage is stored on hard disk drives, and due to limited storage capacities, it often necessitates periodic deletion. To tackle this issue, we have introduced an innovative method for compressing CCTV video, named “Detection-Based video Compression” (DBVC). Our DBVC model is a two-step process. In the first step, we employ advanced neural network approaches such as Mask-RCNN and YOLOv4 to determine active and idle frames within the surveillance video. These cutting-edge techniques enable precise identification of objects and events of interest in the video feed. In the second step, we construct a new video composed solely of the active frames, eliminating redundant or uneventful segments. After conducting a comprehensive analysis of the experimental results, it is evident that Mask-RCNN stands out with an impressive detection accuracy of 98% on the COCO dataset, making it a robust choice for identifying objects and events in the surveillance footage. Consequently, we chose to leverage the output generated by Mask-RCNN and YOLOv4 for subsequent processing stages. Our DBVC approach is a breakthrough in video compression technology, significantly reducing the storage space required for CCTV footage. In fact, it achieves an average compression ratio of up to 85% when using YOLOv4, surpassing the capabilities of existing state-of-the-art compression methods. This innovation not only optimizes storage efficiency but also maintains a high level of surveillance data integrity, making it a valuable advancement in the field of CCTV video processing and storage management.

Charge-controlled swelling gradients at 200-µm resolution in an open-porous polymeric structure for compliance modulation

Plants combine active and passive liquid-mediated mechanisms across broad spatial and temporal scales, inspiring technological developments, in particular involving variable stiffness. Swelling is of particular interest due to the abundance of plant models and applicable (bio)materials, yet existing control by environmental humidity sorption limits its applications. This work combined swellable polymeric structures with electroactive control: we considered an open-porous polymeric laminate that hosted an electrokinetic medium also co-acting as a swelling agent for the same polymer. A constant volume of liquid (an electrolytic solution) was electrokinetically pumped between the symmetrical laminate’s interior and surface layers: as the second moment of inertia increases from the centre to the surface, the pumping of liquid towards the surface decreases the laminate’s bending stiffness, and vice versa. Ion electrosorption on high-specific-surface-area carbon electrodes, deposited in three layers in the laminate by simple additive spraying, facilitated the ion current necessary for the electrokinetic pumping. Flexural rigidity of the 400 µm thick laminate varied by 7% in response to 2-V input, evidencing swelling gradients forming at half-laminate (i.e., 200-µm) resolution. Charge-driven local rearrangement of liquid allows for broader adoption of bioinspired (and biological) porous architectures, where the channels are defined collectively, not individually as in, e.g., soft lithography. Sub-mm resolution and low-voltage control of liquid offer a high level of integration at minimal assembly, positioning active swelling as a promising solution for wearable and bioinspired soft robotic applications.

Integration of sexual and relational mental representations in autobiographical memories is associated with sexual well-being

Determinants of sexual well-being have often been identified as sexual and relational satisfaction, which both include a focus on partner relationship. Such a conceptualization excludes sexually active single individuals, while confusing sexual and relational satisfaction with sexual well-being as both determinant and outcome. In this research, we propose an intrapersonal perspective focused on cognitive sexual and relational mental representations as determinants of sexual well-being. Based on behavioral systems theory, we suggest that a high level of integration of sexual and relational mental representations should be associated with sexual well-being indicators, whereas a weaker level of integration should correspond to a lower level of sexual well-being. We developed a novel codification scheme to measure the cognitive integration of sexual and relational mental representations in narratives of sexual autobiographical memories. We examined its associations with sexual well-being indicators (satisfaction, passion, and sociosexuality). In a sample of 142 students, results showed that integration of sexual and relational representations in memories was positively associated with sexual satisfaction and harmonious passion, and negatively with obsessive passion and sociosexual desire. Results suggest that an integrated cognitive organization of sexual and relational mental representations in autobiographical memories can reflect a greater sexual well-being. Clinical implications are discussed.

Politics Matters for Life Satisfaction of Mainland Chinese Spouses in Taiwan

This study examined how politics, along with familial and socioeconomic factors, influence the life satisfaction of marriage migrants in Taiwan. We conducted a social survey in Taiwan and offered a multidimensional and dynamic view on adaptation and life satisfaction among them. The results showed that in Taiwan, family relationships and socioeconomic class were significant factors of life satisfaction among mainland Chinese marriage migrants. A high level of social integration was positively related to life satisfaction, while the prejudice faced from neighbors, rather than from the media, was negatively related. Regarding political factors, political disagreement with their Taiwanese partners undermined life satisfaction among spouses from mainland China. However, those who possessed a dual identity (i.e., both Chinese and Taiwanese) and those who viewed mainland China and Taiwan as two separate entities tended to have high levels of life satisfaction.

Unveiling micro-foundations of digital transformation: Cognitive models, routines, and organizational structures in agri-food SMEs

The consequences of digital transformation are becoming more visible and pervasive. Despite extensive research on the technological side of the transformation, emphasizing its discontinuous nature, little is known about how managers reframe their cognitive models, reshape routines, and exploit novel organizational structures to implement digital transformation initiatives. We abductively characterize the micro-foundational elements of cognitive, routines, and organizational structure pillars by building on an integrative theoretical framework and looking at how twenty-four Italian SMEs in the agri-food sector pursue digital transformation. Significant differences emerge between SMEs with high and low levels of technological integration, leading to relevant theoretical and managerial implications on how SMEs can successfully navigate digital transformation. Finally, we open up new avenues for future research.

Examining behavior specific praise as an individual behavior management strategy in a high-need educational setting

Behavior specific praise (BSP) is widely regarded as an evidence-based classroom management strategy, with decades of research supporting its use. However, relatively few studies have examined the effect of BSP as a targeted intervention strategy, particularly for traditionally underrepresented students. The present study evaluated the utility of BSP as an individual behavior management strategy for diverse students in the context of a high-need educational setting. Specifically, it examined the effects of BSP on teacher’s ratings of academically engaged and disruptive behavior in the classroom using Direct Behavior Ratings–Single Item Scales (DBR-SIS). A concurrent multiple baseline design was implemented with three racially/ethnically minoritized (REM) target students across one third and one fourth grade classroom. Results demonstrated that teachers’ estimated rates of BSP delivered to target students were successfully increased to a criterion level of six per hour following delivery of a multicomponent training package, with high levels of treatment integrity. All participating students demonstrated statistically significant improvements in behavior, although visual analysis suggested only one clear demonstration and one replication of effect. Social validity data revealed high levels of teacher acceptability and willingness to implement the BSP strategy, with mixed perceptions from students. Implications for research and practice are discussed.