High Innovation Potential Research Articles

The development from special economic zone (SEZ) to free trade zone (FTZ) of China

The experience of many countries shows that the presence of high innovative potential is a necessary factor of economic growth in the modern world. The establishment of special economic zones at the early stage of the policy of reform and opening up helped to reduce its cost. If the establishment of special economic zones reflects the Chinese characteristics (road of socialism with Chinese characteristics), the establishment of free trade zones reflects its universality.

Fungi as source for new bio-based materials: a patent review

BackgroundThe circular economy closes loops in industrial manufacturing processes and minimizes waste. A bio-based economy aims to replace fossil-based resources and processes by sustainable alternatives which exploits renewable biomass for the generation of products used in our daily live. A current trend in fungal biotechnology—the production of fungal-based biomaterials—will contribute to both.ResultsThis study gives an overview of various trends and development applications in which fungal mycelium is used as new and sustainable biomaterial. A patent survey covering the last decade (2009–2018) yielded 47 patents and patent applications claiming fungal biomass or fungal composite materials for new applications in the packaging, textile, leather and automotive industries. Furthermore, fungal-based materials are envisaged for thermal insulation and as fire protection materials. Most patents and patent applications describe the use of different lignin- and cellulose-containing waste biomass as substrate for fungal cultivations, covering 27 different fungal species in total. Our search uncovered that most patent activities are on-going in the United States and in China.ConclusionCurrent patent developments in the field suggest that fungal bio-based materials will considerable shape the future of material sciences and material applications. Fungal materials can be considered as an excellent renewable and degradable material alternative with a high innovation potential and have the potential to replace current petroleum-based materials.

Perspectives of the development of world economy in the blockchain conditions and Big Data

Abstract Blockchain is a concept that tends to revolutionize the world of finance in a technological leap that allows fast, secure and decentralized transactions. The Blockchain technology is used in virtual coins (bitcoin) conditions, with a high innovation potential, applicable in various areas, with the advantage of storing databases, resulting in an unprecedented level of transparency in the private or public area. Interestingly, under the bitcoin conditions, the black chain system uses a decentralized peer-to-peer payment system. Practically, the bitcoin can be considered as the most appropriate triple game accounting system. All of these considerations are developing in the big data era, which is defined as a large, diverse, high-volume information base requiring new forms of processing. Big data is important for businesses because based on these, strategic and marketing decisions can be made to optimize the activity in the market conditions and consumer preferences. European Union directives provide for measures to ensure the development of all states and, in this context, the community. At the same time, some measures provide for a more accelerated development for states with a low accession. For this, funds have been made from which important amounts are allocated to these states. The complex development of the European Union aims, in fact, to improve the quality of life (standard of living) in all Member States. At the European community level there are databases usable in economic analyzes. Also, Eurostat is the institution with the most complex databases. Recently, the Conference of the Directors of the Institute of Statistics in the European States analyzed the perspective of calculating the indicators in the context of the big data to be implemented. The article focuses on the concrete study of the use of large data in the calculation of the indicators that underlie the comparability between the EU Member States.

Legal regulation of scientific and technopark structures of Germany

The article reveals important aspects of the creation and activities of sci­entific and technopark structures in Germany. The author examined the legislation of Germany on the activities of universities, mechanisms for supporting innovation, pro­tecting the rights to intellectual property, obtained under state financing of develop­ments and other issues. The author traces the development of scientific and technopark structures in Germany. Innovative structures and their features are con­sidered. The analysis of researches of scientists concerning state-legal regulation of higher education, research institutions, technological parks is carried out.The modern condition and tendencies of activity of scientific and technopark struc­tures in Germany are characterized. The author states that financial support for in­novation in Germany is carried out through grants. The Bavarian Financial Regula­tion stipulates that the grant recipient must provide evidence of the targeted use of the grant. In addition, the right to audit the competent service or its representative should be established. The author notes that, with regard to research funding, the federal government focuses on six priority tasks of the future within the framework of a modern high technology strategy to strengthen Germany's innovative capacity. These are research areas with high potential for innovation, which are also reflected in current federal funding programs.

Second wind for exploitation: Pursuing high degrees of product and process innovativeness in mature industries

This paper investigates to what extent and how an exploitation-oriented innovation logic can enable innovations characterised by a high degree of newness. The paper is based on an embedded case study of 11 innovation initiatives by the Swedish pulp and paper companies and uses a multi-dimensional framework that takes into account both product and process innovation dimensions as well as multiple stages in the value chain. The results show that the studied initiatives are characterised by new to the companies or new to the industry products and processes in the primary or final steps in the value chain (or both). It is also shown that such high degrees of novelty can be the result of an exploitation innovation logic, where novelty is enabled and facilitated by unchanged or slightly modified products and processes in other parts of the value chain. It can therefore be concluded that exploitation strategies can contribute to more than incremental innovation outcomes and, consequently, that mature industries hold considerably higher innovation potential than the previous literature assumes.

Executive Problems During the Realization of the Investment in Accordance with The LEED Certification Requirements – Case Study

Sustainable Construction (SC) occupies a significant place in the activities aimed at achieving the objectives of Sustainable Development (SD). The construction sector has been identified as one of six markets with high innovation potential and going to meet the challenge of taking a number of initiatives aiming to introduce principles of Sustainable Construction. One of the most dynamically developing SC initiatives is the implementation of international environmental certification of buildings. LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) is among the most popular ecological certification systems, which is designed to provide building owners and managers with a tool to identify and implement practical and measurable solutions in the field of environmentally friendly building design, their construction, use and maintenance. The authors of the article had the opportunity to cooperate with the contractor during the realization of the facility according to the requirements of LEED, observing the implementation standards processes to be met by a certified building during its construction. A building for office use was erected in the center of one of the cities in Poland and aspired for the highest, platinum level in the LEED classification. During the process of erecting, the authors could observe difficulties in realizing the assumptions that the object should meet. In this article, will be presented selected from the occurred implementation problems that took place in the indicated facility.

Инновационная реструктуризация региональной экономики (на примере Ростовской области)

<span>В работе проведена оценка инновационного потенциала экономики Ростовской области, сформировавшегося в результате реализации инновационной политики региона. Показана неэффективность использования сложившегося научно-технического, инновационного и образовательного потенциала региона вследствие наличия ряда проблемных зон в его экономике. Это обусловило необходимость экспертного обоснования направлений региональной политики, целеориентированной на инновационную реструктуризацию экономики. Для решения этой задачи был использован метод бенчмаркинга, обеспечивший выявление передовых международных практик реализации экономической политики в условиях стремительного развертывания 4-й промышленной революции, включающей следующие направления: неоиндустриализацию, цифровизацию, формирование региональной инновационной системы. В результате была построена когнитивная модель, обеспечивающая разворачивание региональной экономической политики от целеполагания, через критерии и метрики до результата</span><span class="myHorizontalScaleForEmDashSpaceBefore"> </span><span>–</span><span class="myHorizontalScaleForEmDashSpaceAfter"> </span><span>инновационной реструктуризации экономики Ростовской области.</span>

Region Innovation Potential as a Factor of Sustainable Development

The article deals with the theoretical and practical issues of innovation activity as a factor of economic development and its sustainability. It reveals that economic instability can affect the investment climate, as well as cause significant slowdown of the innovation process. It points out the differences in adaptation processes in regions, which are reflected in the pace and direction of innovation implementation. An assessment of the innovation potential of a resource-type region was carried out based on indicative method and a set of criteria which were divided into five groups. The groups are formed according to scientific, technical, personnel, financial and resulting components. The analysis revealed that the resulting component is in a pre-crisis state, which is determined by the small number of active enterprises introducing innovation technologies and a small share of innovative products. It was noted that the technical and personnel components are in a normal state, and the financial component is in the state of crisis. It was concluded that there exists a sufficiently high innovation potential in the basic sectors of the industrial region. The debatable results of any assessments of the innovation potential and its impact on the sustainability of socio-economic development are underlined.

Current State of the Regional Innovation Policy Implementation in Ukraine

Problem setting. In the context of the formation of a national innovation system in Ukraine, there is a need to implement an effective regional innovation policy aimed at ensuring high innovation potential in the region, applying a system of measures to activate innovative regional development and ensuring an adequate level of investment in the economy of the regions. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Among the studies on the development of the national innovation system and the formation of innovative infrastructure should be noted the work of legal scholars such as S. Glibko, O. Rozgon, A. Strizhkova. The target of research this article is to analyze the problems of implementing regional innovation policy.Article’s main body. The main objective of regional innovation policy is to create in the region a favorable innovation environment for the successful implementation of the process of obtaining, accumulation, enrichment of scientific knowledge and their effective transformation into technology and products, introduction of these products into important sectors of economy and social sphere. The main goal of regional innovation policy should be to create conditions for the formation of effective innovation infrastructure, to enhance the competitiveness of regional industries, to maintain in the region positive conditions for improving the socio-economic indicators of the region through the effective use of its innovation potential, and increase the level of development of scientific spheres. Conclusions and prospects for the development. Regional innovation policy should be effective and balanced, aimed at creating a favorable innovation and investment climate, conditions for development of innovative activity and overcoming regional disparities, while its implementation should identify the goals and directions of activity of regional state authorities and coordinated actions of relevant entities activities.

ASSESSMENT OF BIOECONOMY DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INNOVATION ECONOMICS IN EUROPEAN REGIONS

The European Commission expects that the development of bioeconomy across the EU will boost its rural and coastal economies. Although these areas have comparatively more spare biomass, at the same time they are associated with lower levels of entrepreneurship and R&D; activities. One can argue that more urbanized and industrialized regions with higher innovation potential will develop high value added bio-based industries, while rural and coastal economies will remain or become to a greater extent biomass providers. Therefore, the article aims to explore links between regional biomass availability, bioeconomy business cluster and innovation potential, as well as how the development of bioeconomy can evolve in different groups of regions. For this purpose, bioeconomy development factors including aspects of innovation economics are analysed in year of 2016 using data of 237 NUTS 3 level regions of Norden, Western and Central Europe. Research results reveal that analysed regions can not be simply separated into potential bioeconomy development ‘losers’ and ‘winners’, however, several groups of analysed regions have distinctly higher potential in certain bioeconomy fields.

Simple Company on Shares as Startup Support Tool

On January 1st 2017, the amendment to the Commercial Code implementing the Capital Market Concept. This is a measure of the implementation which is the part of the Startup Support Concept and the Development of the Startup Ecosystem in the Slovak Republic. A new form of capital trading company has been created to offer a comprehensive solution for capital investments in companies. An example of such an investment is start‑up investment as business initiatives with high innovation and growth potential that can not provide funding through banks. When investing capital, it is necessary to flexibly set the investor’s entry, coexistence and output beyond what is currently possible in the form of trading companies in the conditions of the Slovak Republic. Until now, it has been a limited liability company, which has been mainly used for investing capital of start‑ups. Later was used the joint stock company as the capital‑intensive type of business. A public limited company and a limited partnership belonging to a group of private partnerships were not and are not used as startups, because of unlimited liability of the partners for the company’s obligations. The main obstacle for a joint‑stock company, as support for startups until their advanced stages of life cycle, is relatively high statutory minimum capital requirement of EUR 25,000. Another issue may be legal regulation aimed at medium and large businesses allowing them to trade their shares on the stock Exchange market, with the associated increased demands to ensure the functioning of the company. However, the Simple company, representing the hybrid form of a capital company, also has its serious shortcomings and is not a boon to support startups. Since it is a “young” type of business company that has not yet been the subject of research, it is the intention of the contributors to analyse a Simple company on shares and, by means of a number of scientific research methods, to provide a critical view of its shortcomings. Despite the fact that the reason for the establishment of this business company was mostly economic, research is mainly directed at the area of commercial law.

Overseas Experience of Introducing Advanced Technologies of Production System Upgrading

Today's enterprise in order to be competitive needs not only to use high technologies, put out science-intensive products and have the R & D department with high innovation potential. To response in good time and adequately to challenges called 'digital economy' the company will be able only if it possesses a flexible adaptive production system providing synergy to all divisions, all employees of the enterprise. This system should continuously upgrade not to lose its relevance. The article deals with methodology of '20 keys' as an integrator of well-known approaches to enhancing the organization work. Its specific features and advantages were identified, as well as concrete results of introducing this methodology by overseas companies, in particular, the American company 'Windfall Products' specializing in production of powder metal components. The system of five-level appraisal of the organization formulated in the company is introduced in the article. Key stages of reforming conducted in the company, concrete processes and steps being in line with each of the stages are described there. Benefits of the program of '20 keys' for realizing modern tools and approaches to business enhancement are also included in the article.

Future trends in plasma science

Plasma technology is a key and cross-sectional technology with a high potential for innovation and added value. Especially during the last years, the number and impact of possible applications of plasma technology has grown immensely. In 2013 the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement n° 316216 awarded a major project called “PlasmaShape” to the Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP). PlasmaShape combined a set of measures representing the addressed fields of activity such as research infrastructure, recruitment of top-class researchers as well as the cooperation with experts on an international level. During PlasmaShape established senior scientists and ambitious young researchers from all over the world met in several workshops and two big scientific events named “Future in Plasma Science” to discuss and develop new strategic areas in plasma science by discussing the role of plasma research and development for Future and Emerging technologies (FET). They identified six topics for structuring the events in such a way as to cover all essential fields of plasma science; these choices of topics also prepared the ground for ensuing discussions of likely future developments, aided by the researchers' collective scientific background knowledge. A tangible goal and result of PlasmaShape was the start of a consensus paper which identifies the importance of plasma science and technology initially until 2030. This paper is a consensus of the attending plasma science community developed and should serve as a strategic paper to be presented to funding authorities, politics and more likely to future cooperation partners from industry. The consensus paper depicts the possibilities plasma science can offer to face future and emerging challenges in the next decades, covered with parts as Success Stories, Established Potentials, Unique Solutions, Emerging Applications, Research Needs and Vision. To underspin the consensus paper theme-specific white papers were prepared to show in more detail the scientific challenges in plasma research.1-4 These White Papers are published in the January issue of Plasma Processes and Polymers by Wiley-VCH and I am proud to announce that they will strengthen the Consensus Paper in this special issue. As Scientific Director and CEO of INP I would like to say special thanks to the contributing colleagues from 18 nations from entire world (Australia, Belgium, Czech Republic, PR China, France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, USA) and about 60 senior and young scientists who have participated in this project and in various events Contact: Prof. Dr. Klaus-Dieter Weltmann CEO / Scientific Director Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany Tel.: +49 3834 554310 E-Mail: weltmann@inp-greifswald.de

Undesirable and desirable energy congestion measurements for regional coal-fired power generation industry in China

The blind expansion and increasing carbon emissions of the coal-fired power generation industry in China have attracted wide attention at home and abroad. To detect the technical ineffectiveness in the coal-fired power generation industry and the effects of carbon emission reductions, this study developed energy congestion models using data envelopment analysis (DEA). Energy congestion is classified into undesirable energy congestion (UEC) and desirable energy congestion (DEC) under natural disposability and managerial disposability. The UEC and DEC models were used to identify energy congestion, measure the amounts of UEC and DEC, and analyze the sources of inefficiency for regional coal-fired generation industry in China from 2004 to 2013. Our empirical analysis revealed: i) The UEC of coal-fired generation industry has occurred in many regions, most of which are less-developed areas. This indicates that energy is wasted in coal-fired generation industry due to congestion inefficiency. ii) DEC has occurred in a few regions and did not occur in 2013. These provinces where DEC occurred may have a high potential for eco-technology innovation. The method of energy congestion measurement proposed in this study and the research conclusion have reference effect on regional energy conservation and eco-technology innovation.

Applied science in the departmental universities: Inflated self-esteem and critical thinking (Оn an example of Federal Penitentiary Service’s universities of Russia)

Article addresses relevant as well as extremely broad topic for local universities related to the assessment of their scientific and practical efficiency. In the center of the author’s attention, there are reportable formal quantitative indicators in chase of which the educational institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service’s (FPS ofRussia) distort the essence of applied scientific research, in fact, imitating it. Nevertheless, with their help these universities continue informing the public about their own scientific importance and high innovative potential, fully realized for the benefit of institutions which carry out penal sanctions. A critical analysis of such self-assessments obviously overstated and narrowly focused in terms of information reflects the content of this article. The indicator of social and / or economic effect obtained by the penal establishments from their actual implementation in practice could contribute to the objectivity of judgments about the results of the universities’ applied scientific research.

Micro e Pequenas Empresas Inovadoras: Evidências em Empresas Paulistanas

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender as competências de inovação em micro e pequenas empresas. Para tanto foi realizado um estudo de caso múltiplo em seis micro e pequenas empresas paulistanas. As fontes de evidências utilizadas foram análises de documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas com os gerentes responsáveis pelas ações de inovação nas organizações e o fundador da empresa, presidente ou sócio principal. As entrevistas foram gravadas e os dados foram analisados utilizando-se o Atlas.Ti. Os resultados apontaram que as micro e pequenas empresas possuem elevado potencial de inovação e que consideram a inovação um fator essencial ao alcance da competitividade. As competências de inovação (liderança e estratégia, meio inovador interno, pessoas, processos de inovação e resultados das inovações) mostraram-se expressivas para compreender a inovação nessas empresas. Entretanto, essas empresas possuem dificuldades para planejar as atividades de inovação, obter recursos necessários à inovação e transformar os fatores de inovação em resultados de inovação.

Materials and technology solutions to tackle the challenges in daily concrete construction for housing and infrastructure in sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa's economic rise has caused a high demand for housing and infrastructure. This rapid growth has resulted in urgent challenges of enormous dimensions for urban and infrastructural planners and the entire construction sector. Considering the African supply chains and resources, cement and concrete are doubtless the most important materials that will support mastering the challenges and building the future in a sustainable way.Despite the promising perspectives, the social, economic and geographic boundary framework in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa exhibits a high number of peculiarities. Disadvantageous parameters during the concreting process, which negatively affect the quality and durability of concrete structures, are discussed with regard to implications for the safety and lifetime of structures. However, most sub-Saharan African countries feature a high potential for innovation and new, individual ways. Based on this consideration, non-standard concepts are discussed, namely how to bring about robust and well workable concrete reliably into practice, cost-efficiently and as ready-to-use pre-mixed dry mortar compound under consideration of local materials such as natural pozzolans, cassava starch and lignosulphonate. The development and performance of such a pre-mixed mortar compound is briefly demonstrated. These implemented in daily concrete practice could significantly contribute to improved durability of construction for the relevant sectors of housing and infrastructure.

Попигайское месторождение алмаз-лонсдейлитового сверхабразивного материала — арктический проект с высоким инновационным потенциалом

Попигайское месторождение алмаз-лонсдейлитового сверхабразивного материала — арктический проект с высоким инновационным потенциалом

Food industry digitalization: from challenges and trends to opportunities and solutions

Over the last years, manufacturing companies have to face several challenges, mainly related to the volatility of the demand and to the continuously changing requirements, both from the customers and suppliers. In the meantime, new technological roadmaps and suggested interventions in manufacturing systems have been implemented. These solutions aim to exploit the high innovation and economic potential resulting from the continuing impact of rapidly advancing information and communication technology (ICT) in industry. This paper explores these topics focusing on the food sector. Indeed, companies belonging to this industry are facing global challenges, which can be met with the support of the information technologies (IT). The overall goal of this study is to help food companies toward digitalization, with a particular focus on the design and manufacturing processes. From the methodological point of view, Case Study has been used as research method. Furthermore, a questionnaire characterized by the different elements of the Manufacturing Value Modelling Methodology (MVMM) has been developed and used to gather information from companies. A framework for the digitalization process in the food industry has been developed basing on the results of a preliminary literature review and of different focus groups. On completion of the aforementioned framework, a list of enabling technologies has been discussed. These represent the technological solutions for the specific food issues highlighted by the framework. Finally, a case study has been accomplished in order to test and validate the contents’ framework.

Creating a business model from the traditional to global fashion: the regional Vianesa costume as inspiration

The great challenge of this century is the creation of new models of fashion business with sustainable principles. Therefore, it is intend to present in this paper the process that gave rise to a set of differentiated designs for fashion accessories. This paper presents the relationship of a set of concepts more or less interconnected, which brings together sustainability principles of social and cultural, besides the environmental dimension, exploring the cultural and intangible heritage of the Vianesa Costume. The Vianesa Costume reflects the culture of a people and has a high potential for innovation, from both technical and aesthetic point of view, in the sense of a more contemporary reading.