High Efficiency Control Research Articles

G-C3 N4 @ZnONP electrostatic self-assembly: Enhanced ROS as a key factor for high-efficiency control of tobacco wildfire disease.

The utilization of nonmetallic inorganic nanomaterials for antimicrobial photocatalytic technology has emerged as a promising approach to combat drug-resistant bacteria. Recently, g-C3 N4 nanosheets have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional stability, degradability, low cost, and remarkable antibacterial properties. In this study, a facile electrostatic self-assembly approach was utilized to functionalize ZnO nanoparticles with g-C3 N4 nanosheets, resulting in the formation of g-C3 N4 @ZnO nanoparticle composites. The Z-shaped heterojunction architecture of these composites facilitates efficient separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and enhances visible light catalytic performance. Moreover, the formation of the g-C3 N4 @ZnO heterostructure showed a higher photocatalytic capacity and the generation of reactive oxygen species than g-C3 N4 nanosheets. The photocatalytic antibacterial mechanisms of g-C3 N4 @ZnO at the transcriptomic level primarily involve disrupting bacterial membrane synthesis and inhibiting motility and energy metabolism. Therefore, the antibacterial mechanism of g-C3 N4 @ZnO can be attributed to a combination of physical membrane damage, chemical damage (ROS enhancement) and inhibition of chemotaxis, biofilm formation and flagellar motility. These findings collectively provide novel high potential and insights into the practical application of photocatalysts in plant disease management. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Identification of Colletotrichum aenigma as the new causal agent of leaf blight disease on Aucuba japonica Thunb., and screenings of effective fungicides for its sustainable management.

Aucuba japonica Thunb is an evergreen woody ornamental plant with significant economic and ecological values. It also produces aucubin, showing a variety of biological activities. It is widely planted in the southwest region of China, including karst landscape areas in Guizhou Province. In January 2022, a serious leaf blight disease was observed on the leaves of A. japonica in the outdoor gardens of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China. The causal agent was identified as Colletotrichum aenigma through amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation of the chitin synthase (CHS) and actin (ACT) genes, and morphological characterizations. Koch's postulates were confirmed by its pathogenicity on healthy leaves, including re-isolation and identification. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. aenigma causing leaf blight on A. japonica worldwide. To identify pathogen characteristics that could be utilized for future disease management, the effects of temperature and light on mycelial growth, conidia production, and conidial germination, and the effects of humidity on conidial germination were studied. Optimal temperatures for mycelial growth of C. aenigma BY827 were 25-30°C, while 15°C and 35°C were favorable for conidia production. Concurrently, alternating 10-h light and 14-h dark, proved to be beneficial for mycelial growth and conidial germination. Additionally, conidial germination was enhanced at 90% humidity. In vitro screenings of ten chemical pesticides to assess their efficacy in suppressing C. aenigma representative strain BY827. Among them, difenoconazole showed the best inhibition rate, with an EC50 (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) value of 0.0148 μg/ml. Subsequently, field experiment results showed that difenoconazole had the highest control efficiency on A. japonica leaf blight (the decreasing rate of disease incidence and decreasing rate of disease index were 44.60 and 47.75%, respectively). Interestingly, we discovered that C. aenigma BY827 may develop resistance to mancozeb, which is not reported yet among Colletotrichum spp. strains. In conclusion, our study provided new insights into the causal agent of A. japonica leaf blight, and the effective fungicides evaluated provided an important basis and potential resource for the sustainable control of A. japonica leaf blight caused by C. aenigma in the field.

Selectivity and permeability of gas separation in SILMs: Effect of collapsed structure

In this work, the influence of the intramembrane structure of SILMs on gas separation was demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations. The five morphological characteristics of separation membranes bring different separation effects. For the selection process, interfacial characteristics have a significant effect on the selectivity by the analysis of density and energy barrier. The difference in the blocking effect on CO2 is the key to the separation. For the permeation process, the analysis of free volume and interaction energy revealed that the residence time and penetration of gas molecules in membranes are sensitive to distribution characteristics of ionic liquids. Lastly, the interaction energy and pressure difference were analyzed to reveal the influence of the membrane structure on the persistence of separation and flow interruption. This work can provide theoretical support for the high efficiency control of membrane separation and the development of two-dimensional membrane materials.

Regulating CO and H2 Ratios in Syngas Produced from Photocatalytic CO2/H2O Reduction by Cu and Co Dual Active Centers on Carbon Nitride Hollow Nanospheres.

For photocatalytic CO2 reduction to produce syngas, there are challenges in achieving a high catalytic efficiency and precise control over the product ratio. In this study, two non-noble metal complexes Cobpy and Cubpy (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) as cocatalysts for CO2 reduction and hydrogen evolution, respectively, were in situ supported on carbon nitride hollow nanospheres to construct a hybrid system for photocatalytic syngas production. The resulting CO/H2 ratio can be precisely regulated within a wide range of 0:1-9:1 by accurately controlling the content of the two complexes. The presence of the two complexes promotes the migration of photogenerated electrons of the carbon nitride. CO2 can be reduced to CO on the photoreduced species Co(bpy)2+ of Cobpy on CNHS, and H+ can be reduced to H2 on the photoreduced species Cu(bpy)2+ of Cubpy. Furthermore, this method is also applicable to other photocatalysts, such as CdS and TiO2 for generating syngas and regulating product ratios.

Continuous gradient temperature control of microfluidic chip based on thermoelectric cooler

High-efficiency and accurate temperature control is the key to the application of microfluidic technology in biology, chemistry and medicine fields. At present, gradient temperature control of microfluidic chip in a wide range below room temperature still faces challenges. Based on a microfluidic platform of double emulsion droplets, this study builds a temperature control system and attempts to achieve continuous gradient temperature control on time scale of microfluidics based on thermoelectric cooler. Temperature control unit is designed and relevant control strategies are discussed to achieve accurate temperature control. Meanwhile, the strategy to achieve continuous gradient temperature control of microfluidic chip is mainly explored. Finally, combining with the working characteristics of thermoelectric cooler, continuous gradient temperature control of microfluidic chip is experimentally realized based on adaptive fuzzy PID control, while PID control shows remarkable overshoot, deviation and oscillation. Moreover, small gradient temperature control from 10 °C down to −15 °C, −20 °C and then −25 °C is precisely realized by using adaptive fuzzy PID control, as well as large gradient temperature control from 20 °C down to 0 °C and then −20 °C. Specifically, the maximum deviation of temperature is 0.192 °C in small gradient temperature control, and the steady state error is within ±0.07 °C. In large gradient temperature control, the maximum deviation of temperature is 0.309 °C, and the steady state error was within ±0.1 °C. This study provides diversified temperature control in a wide range for microfluidic analysis.

Positional control of DNA origami based gold dimer hybrid nanostructures on pre-structured surfaces

This study explores important parameters for achieving a high-level positional control of DNA-nanoparticle hybrid structures by drop-casting onto a pre-structured silicon surface, in which the active adsorption sites were defined using electron beam lithography. By confining the adsorption sites to the scale of the DNA origami, we create multi-dimensional patterns and study the effect of diffusion and hybrid nanostructure concentration in the liquid on site occupation. We also propose a physical diffusion model that highlights the importance of surface diffusion in facilitating the adsorption of hybrid nanostructure onto active sites, particularly for two and one-dimensional adsorption sites. Our study shows prominent results of the hybrid nanostructure’s selective adsorption, indicating high adsorption efficiency and precise control over the position, as well as the spatial orientation. We anticipate similar results in related systems, both in terms of different surfaces and similar DNA structures. Overall, our findings offer promising prospects for the development of large-scale nanoarrays on micrometer-scale surfaces with nanometer precision and orientation control.

Protection of radial MVDC electric network based on DC circuit breaker and DC fuses

The medium voltage direct current (MVDC) electric networks are emerging in power distribution and collection. The MVDC is an attractive solution in the applications involving DC loads or sources where high energy efficiency and high power flow controllability are required. The emergence of MVDC networks strongly relies on the availability of the appropriate protection strategies and equipment. This article proposes a protection strategy for a multi-terminal radial MVDC network based on the principle commonly used in the existing AC distribution networks. The protection strategy involves a single DC circuit breaker (DCCB) and multiple DC fuses. The proposed strategy limits the quantity of sophisticated and costly DCCB used. The cost-effective DC fuses are proposed to protect the parts of the network where the expected short-circuit occurrence is limited and where the automatic reclosing is not mandatory. The article concludes that low grounding resistance is beneficial allowing to easily isolate the faulty circuit. The simulation models are developed allowing to confirm the theoretical analysis.

Evaluation of drying kinetics, electric and emission study of Musa paradisiaca L. leaves using microwave-assisted drying method

Indonesia is one of the most important countries in Asia for banana agriculture (Musa spp.). Some parts of the banana tree are widely utilized by humans, especially the leaves. Even the dried banana leaves also have many advantages, such as can be used in producing biogas. Appropriate and environmentally friendly drying methods are needed to minimize process energy consumption and remove moisture from biological products economically. Microwave-Assisted Drying can be an alternative to achieve high efficiency, low carbon, and good quality control in drying Musa paradisiaca L. leaves. In order to optimize the drying process, mathematical models of drying kinetics, electric consumption, and environmental impact can also be investigated. Therefore, this study is to evaluate the best kinetics model for the drying behavior of Musa paradisiaca L. leaves by MAD and to determine the electric consumption and CO2 emission parameters of the drying process through a comparison of two drying methods (MAD and oven drying). The best model generated is Jena-Das model (264 W of microwave power) as indicated by R2, SSE, RMSE, MSE, X2 with a value of 0.998994, 0.001036, 0.010728, 0.000115, and 0.009298, respectively. Meanwhile, the electric consumption (Ec) for drying Musa paradisiaca L. leaves using MAD with 136 W of microwave power, 264 W of microwave power, and oven drying resulted in values of 0.0193, 0.0198, and 8.100 kW h, respectively. And CO2 emission produced on drying Musa paradisiaca L. leaves using MAD with 136 W of microwave power, 264 W of microwave power and oven drying are 0.0154, 0.0158, and 6.4800 kg, respectively.

Deep removal of fluoride from tungsten smelting wastewater by combined chemical coagulation-electrocoagulation treatment: From laboratory test to pilot test

Previous studies have shown that coexisting ions in tungsten smelting wastewater (TSW) will have a significant impact on fluoride removal by calcium ions. Therefore, in this work, the removal of fluoride from TSW by aluminum ions was studied. Electrocoagulation (EC) is essentially the use of aluminum ions to remove fluoride. The EC technology is widely favored by researchers due to its advantages of high treatment efficiency, simple operation, and easy automatic control. However, in the current research, EC technology as a deep defluorination method is mostly in the laboratory research stage, and there are few pilot test studies on large processing capacity, which slows down the industrial application of this technology to a certain extent. In this work, laboratory tests were carried out to study the removal of fluoride in wastewater by chemical coagulation and EC in detail. On this basis, the combined process of chemical coagulation pretreatment and EC advanced treatment was used to treat TSW with a capacity of 250–500 L/h. The results show that the coexisting ions in TSW have no effect on the defluorination of aluminum ions, and the optimal defluorination final pH of chemical coagulation and EC is 6–7. The pilot test could stably reduce the concentration of fluoride in TSW from 66 to 128 mg/L to less than 10 mg/L, and the total operating cost was 0.99–1.51 USD/m3 of wastewater. Cost analysis showed that the three items with the highest proportions in the chemical coagulation pretreatment costs were liquid caustic soda fee, aluminum sulfate fee, and solid waste treatment fee; while the three items with the highest proportions in the EC advanced treatment costs were aluminum plate loss fee, electricity fee, and solid waste treatment fee. This study is helpful to promote the application of EC advanced treatment technology in the defluorination of industrial wastewater.

Boosting the tumor photothermal therapy with hollow CoSnSx-based injectable hydrogel via the sonodynamic and dual-gas therapy

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted considerable attention in the field of nanomedicine owing to its high efficiency, low invasiveness, and precise controllability. However, limited by the activation of the immune system by PTT and the low penetrating ability of near-infrared lasers, the use of a single PTT is usually ineffective. Herein, a unique injectable hydrogel system was strategically designed and fabricated using CoSnSx, L-arginine, chitosan (CTS), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) for sonodynamic and dual-gas therapy cooperative PTT. CoSnSx with a hollow structure can not only produce a large amount of singlet oxygen (1O2) under ultrasonic (US) irradiation, but also produce H2S gas in an acidic environment, so as to achieve sonodynamic and gas therapeutic effects. Additionally, CoSnSx exhibited excellent photothermal conversion efficiency of 48.24% under 808 nm laser irradiation. As a precursor of NO, L-arginine is incorporated into the hydrogel to enable the controlled release of NO under US/laser irradiation, thereby enhancing the PTT effect. Such a multifunctional injectable hydrogel system can achieve high therapeutic efficacy through sonodynamic and dual-gas treatment-enhanced PTT, as demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Our designed injectable hydrogel system provides a unique solution for enhancing the PTT.

Seismic Response Control for Bridge Piers with Semi-Active MR Damper Based on Displacement Feedback

ABSTRACT This study investigates the semi-active control of railway bridges using an MR damper to reduce the excessive displacement in the bearings of isolated bridges under severe earthquakes. Within the study context, the variable-oval-control (VOC) rule based on structural response displacement feedback is applied to the MR damper and compared with a passive control and clipped optimal semi-active control algorithm. The simulation results show that the dynamic response of railway bridge piers can be effectively reduced, and seismic safety can be significantly improved using MR dampers based on a variable ellipse control strategy. MR damper, based on the VOC rule, directly adopts structural response displacement to perform control force state change. The VOC method only requires the minimum control force to achieve a good displacement control effect, high control efficiency, and stable control effect.

Short Carbon Nanotube Nano-Film-Based Polymer/SiO2 Hybrid Waveguide Micro-Ring Filter.

A polymer/SiO2 hybrid waveguide micro-ring filter based on a short carbon nanotube (CNT) nano-film is presented. The nano-film is coated on the top surface of the polymer waveguide, and both the nano-film and polymer waveguide serve as the core of the device. The film can effectively improve the coherent depth and quality factor values of the filter. Due to the excellent light absorption characteristic and large thermo-optic effect of the CNT nano-film, the filter shows good all-optical tunable performance. Experimental results show that its all-optical wavelength tuning efficiency reaches -0.030 nm/mW, and it is 1.67 times as much as that of the filter without the nano-film. With the CNT nano-film, its thermal sensitivity reaches 25.7 times as much as that of the filter without the film. The device shows the advantages of high tuning efficiency, small size, compact structure, and all-optical control, and it is expected to have potential applications in optical filters, optical switches, optical sensors, spectral analysis, and so on.

A new process to develop marine natural gas hydrate with thermal stimulation and high-efficiency sand control

The development of marine gas hydrate from low-permeability offshore reservoirs with serious sand incursion issues is a challenging task. Currently, there are no mature technologies in the world. Therefore, we proposed a comprehensive development process, including the following measures: (1) Vertical injection-production well pattern enhanced by multi-layer fracturing and hot water injection by seawater source heat pump. (2) An advanced multi-layer hydraulic fracturing technique incorporating cold fracturing fluid, low-temperature consolidation proppant, multi-stage sliding sleeve packer, and a chemical diverting agent. (3) A series of sand control measures including hydraulic fracturing, consolidation proppant, and stand-alone screen. (4) Several rounds of hot water injection-soaking-production (huff-n-puff) on injection wells, and finally continuous injection-production, with depressurization. Then, we built a gas hydrate decomposition rate model to simulate this process. The results show that hot water injection combined with multi-layer hydraulic fracturing can significantly improve the gas hydrate dissociation rate compared with the schemes without hot water injection or fracturing. Combining hot water injection by seawater source heat pump, multi-layer horizontal fractures by advanced hydraulic fracturing technique, and a set of sand control techniques, can efficiently control sand while producing gas hydrate.

IOT based adjustment mechanism for direct reference model adaptive IMC to support voltage sag in DFIG wind farm

Sustainable energy sources are valuable energy sources.Renewable energy production boosts the economic status of a country. Wind energy is one of the most abundant renewable energy sources, and as a result, the technology to harvest energy from the wind is growing rapidly around the world. As load centers are far away from renewable energy sources, electricity must be transferred over long distances. The most common problems with power fluctuations are caused by long-range voltage sag riding (VSRT). DFIG (Doubly Fed Induction Generator) is very popular in wind energy conversion systems due to its variable speed, high energy collection, efficiency, excellent design and unique control of phase side converters and rotor side converters. Wind speed monitoring is done with the help of Internet of Things (IOT). This paper described the use of training networks in developing adjustment algorithms for direct reference model adaptive IMC for DFIG wind farms. Here, a novel training-based neural network MIT (NNMIT) adjustment mechanism using neural network method is developed and implemented in direct reference model adaptive IMC to improve the performance of the controller during voltage sag. Direct and quadrature axis rotor current controllers are developed and the resulting DFIG is balanced with the FuzzyMIT correction mechanism in the sag ride through the conditions in the wind farm. Improvements across the voltage sag are identified and presented using NNMIT. The proposed NNMIT attain 0.15% torque ripple and 1 ms response time better than the existing FuzzyMIT method. The proposed method preserves high accuracy ranges of 97.88% than the existing method. This approach gives better performance than other control design methods which assume that the flux in the stator is constant in amplitude.

CSRR Structure Design for NV Spin Manipulation with Microwave Strength and Fluorescence Collection Synchronous Enhancement.

In this work, we designed, simulated, and tested a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) for the purpose of applying a strong and uniform microwave field for the manipulation of nitrogen vacancy (NV) ensembles. This structure was fabricated by etching two concentric rings on a flat metal film that was deposited on a printed circuit board. A metal transmission on the back plane was used as the feed line. The fluorescence collection efficiency was improved by about 2.5 times with the CSRR structure compared to that without CSRR. Furthermore, the maximum Rabi frequency could reach 11.3 MHz, and the Rabi frequency variation was smaller than 2.8% in an area of 250 × 75 μm. This could pave the way to achieving high-efficiency control of the quantum state for spin-based sensor applications.

Artificial intelligence control of a low-drag Ahmed body using distributed jet arrays

This work proposes a machine-learning or artificial intelligence (AI) control of a low-drag Ahmed body with a rear slant angleφ = 35° with a view to finding strategies for efficient drag reduction (DR). The Reynolds numberReinvestigated is 1.7 × 105based on the square root of the body cross-sectional area. The control system comprises of five independently operated arrays of steady microjets blowing along the edges of the rear window and vertical base, twenty-six pressure taps on the rear end of the body and a controller based on an ant colony algorithm for unsupervised learning of a near-optimal control law. The cost function is designed such that bothDRand control power input are considered. The learning process of the AI control discovers forcing that produces aDRup to 18 %, corresponding to a drag coefficient reduction of 0.06, greatly exceeding any previously reportedDRfor this body. Furthermore, the discovered forcings may provide alternative solutions, i.e. a tremendously increased control efficiency given a small sacrifice inDR. Extensive flow measurements performed with and without control indicate significant alterations in the flow structure around the body, such as flow separation over the rear window, recirculation bubbles and C-pillar vortices, which are linked to the pressure rise on the window and base. The physical mechanism forDRis unveiled, along with a conceptual model for the altered flow structure under the optimum control or biggestDR. This mechanism is further compared with that under the highest control efficiency.

High-Efficiency Photodynamic Control of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic-Resistant Genes in Wastewater Using Hydrogel-Decorated Porous Polyurethane Sponges with Metal Nanoparticles

The overuse and misuse of antibiotics in hospitals and other healthcare settings can lead to the development and spread of multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria and water contaminants. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-loaded chitosan (CS)-alginate (AA) hydrogels were prepared to control wastewater MDR bacterial contaminants. CS-AA/AgNP composites strongly inhibited a wastewater MDR Enterobacter tabaci biofilm on membrane surfaces. The effect of AgNP-loaded CS-AA composite hydrogels on the gelation time, swelling ratio, in vitro degradation, and in vitro release properties was investigated. Furthermore, due to their outstanding environmentally friendly superhydrophobicity/superoleophilicity, sponges have proven compelling advantages in the area of water contaminants. Therefore, CS-AA/AgNP composites were coated on polyurethane sponges (PUSs) for disinfection applications in wastewater. CS-AA/AgNP composites and CS-AA/AgNP-coated (5 wt %) PUS exhibited higher photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of E. tabaci under blue LED light. In particular, modified PUS exhibited almost complete inactivation (5.1 log cfu/mL) at 40 min. Furthermore, tetracycline antibiotic degradation efficiency was observed to be 72.91% when the modified PUSs were added to antibiotic-polluted water in the designed reactor. In correlation with the degradation of resistance bacteria and antibiotics, the modified PUS in the designed reactor with PDI effect completely degraded tetracycline antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) tetA and tetB at 45 min and 60 min, respectively. Specifically, PDI action on the modified PUS effectively degraded ARGs such as sul1, tetA, and tetB by 4.2, 3.2, and 2.9 log reduction (copies/mL), respectively. Excellent removal of ARGs after blue LED treatment indicated that the release of MDR pathogens and free ARGs was effectively controlled by the modified PUS photodynamic reaction. Therefore, the modified PUS can be considered as an alternative approach to remove MDR bacteria and free ARGs in the large-scale photodynamic disinfection process.

Characterization of acetochlor degradation and role of microbial communities in biofilters with varied substrate types

Northeast China has a large area of cultivated land, and the application of various chemical herbicides is very high. As a high-efficiency herbicide widely used in dry fields, its residue in the environment is also concern. Therefore, low-cost and high efficient control measures are urgently needed. Twelve Biofilter simulation devices were designed to investigate the efficiency and mechanism of removing acetochlor under low-temperature conditions. Biochar (Bio-BF), ceramsite (CER-BF), and gravel (GRA-BF) were chosen to be substrates to compare the effect of substrate type on the removal of acetochlor. The results showed that the biochar (Bio-BF) treatment had the shortest onset time (<1 h), The gravel (GRA-BF) treatment had the longest onset of action (more than 8 h), but the removal effect was essentially the same as the biochar treatment. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results revealed that different bacterial communities are formed due to different substrates. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria are the dominant phyla in the three biofilters. Four metabolites, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-N-(ethoxymethyl) acetanilide, N-(2-ethyl-6-methyl phenyl) acetamide, N-(2-ethyl-6-methyl phenyl) formamide, and (2-ethyl-6-methyl phenyl) carbamic acid, were identified using gas phase mass spectrometry. The analysis and prediction of the degradation pathways of acetochlor revealed that Ferribacterium, Klebsiella, and Comamonadaceae belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria and Rhodococcus belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria were the key microorganisms involved in the degradation of acetochlor in the biofilter. Redundancy analysis (RDA) further indicates that dissolved oxygen and temperature are key environmental factors affecting the development of key microbial communities within the biofilter, and that future design of biofilters in Northeast China should focus on how to improve oxygen content and temperature.

Scalable and high-efficiency lignocellulose sponge-based evaporators for solar-driven desalination and desiccant regeneration

Liquid desiccant air conditioning systems (LDAC) have attracted increasing interest for the high efficiency of temperature and humidity control. Improving the regeneration performance with low-grade energy could make LDAC systems more competitive. In this work, by combining Chinese ink and lignocellulose sponge, we developed an inexpensive, efficient and large-scale evaporator that allows regeneration of desiccant via solar energy. Results show that the evaporator exhibits remarkable salt-resistance capacity, rendering it suitable for effective seawater desalination and regeneration of high-concentration desiccant. Even for the 40 wt% desiccant at about 22 °C, the regeneration rate can reach 0.63 kgm−2 h−1 under 1-sun irradiation. The outdoor experiments further confirmed the high regeneration rate of the evaporator. Additionally, concentrated desiccant presents an alternative means of solar energy storage. Considering the high efficiency, easy preparation, and remarkable salt resistance, the lignocellulose sponge-based evaporators could advance the practical application of solar heat localization for seawater desalination and desiccant regeneration.

Experimental research on vehicle active suspension based on time-delay control

To improve the ride comfort of the vehicle and the high-efficiency control requirements of the suspension, this paper proposes a time-delay control strategy and the idea of using a linear motor as the actuator. This paper analyses the damping characteristics of the time-delay control strategy in the time domain and frequency domains. A linear equivalent excitation method is proposed to optimise the optimal time-delay control parameters under complex excitations. The stability of the system is analysed. The damping effect of time-delay control active suspension is verified by numerical simulation. An experimental hardware platform of a linear motor and active suspension was built further to verify the effectiveness of the time-delay control strategy. The experimental results show that the relative errors of root mean square values of experimental and simulation results are within 16% under each working condition. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the simulation results.