High Beta-carotene Content Research Articles

The study of the quality of butter with flavoring components

The paper proposes to improve the quality of butter with flavoring components during storage through the use of prescription ingredients containing natural antioxidants. The composition of the flavor component includes: tomato flakes; salt; olives, basil, onions, oregano, garlic, sugar, sage. According to the results of the scoring of the samples, the optimal dose of adding a flavoring component of 1.0% was established. Taking into account the recommended standards according to GOST 32899, the salt in the composition of the flavor component contains an insufficient amount, so it was added to the oil in addition to a total content of 1% in the product. In tomato flakes, which make up more than half of the entire mixture of the flavoring component, a high content of beta-carotene, vitamin C, PP, B1, B2, B6 is noted. Also, a high content of vitamin E in olives, basil, oregano; vitamin C - in sage; vitamin PP - in basil, oregano, sage; Vitamin B1 - in oregano, garlic, sage, Vitamin B2 - in basil, oregano and sage, B6 - in basil, onion, oregano, garlic, sage. Amperometric method found an indicator of the antioxidant activity of the taste component of 0.382 mg / g The resistance of fat oil with flavoring components was determined. The sample passed the test for 8 hours, no spoilage of fat was noted. Microscopic studies of oil samples were carried out using a Altami BIO digital microscope at a magnification of 200 times. The microstructure of butter with flavoring components is characterized as granular, plasma drops are evenly distributed in the sample. Some consistency indicators are identified. A good cut-through consistency was established and good heat resistance of the oil with taste components. Organoleptic characteristics of butter with flavoring components: taste and smell creamy, salty, piquant, aroma and taste of the introduced component; plastic consistency with inclusions of the added component, glossy surface; color light cream with grains of the introduced component. The main physicochemical parameters of butter with flavoring components were established experimentally: mass fraction of fat 62.0%; mass fraction of moisture 32.5%; salt - 1%. Microbiological indicators comply with regulatory requirements. The addition of a flavoring component to butter contributes to the formation of its dense structure, stable storage of the fat fraction, and uniform distribution of the oil plasma. The product has improved quality indicators.

The effect of different light spectra on beta-carotene production by Dunaliella salina

This study focused on the effect of different light intensities and spectra on the beta-carotene production within Dunaliella salina cells (green eukaryote microalgae) which are purified from Urmia Lake in the northwest of Iran. For this purpose, four LED light spectra (white light: 360–760 nm, red light: 620–645 nm, yellow light: 587–595 nm, blue light: 460–475 nm) were used in this experimental research. The light intensity of 200 µmol/(m2 s) was considered for each the LED light spectra. The highest beta-carotene content extracted under a sequential combination of colored light (white, blue, red and yellow respectively) was 16.93 µg of beta-carotene per mg of cell dry weight and the highest accumulated beta-carotene within the cells among single-colored light was 15.16 µg /mg when the cells were cultivated under yellow light.

Morphological Variation and Beta Carotene Contents of Several Clones of Ubi Kuning Cassava Genotype Derived from Irradiated Shoot in vitro

In line with the increase in cassava production and the development of nutrient-rich cassava in order to support national food diversification and biofortification programs, the selection of selected varieties of cassava varieties, which are superior in nutrients especially rich in beta carotene is very necessary. Beta carotene is an important source of antioxidants to scavange free radicals and is a provitamin A precusor to form vitamin A. The development of superior cassava riching in beta carotene can be done through the mutation approach with gamma irradiation. The observation of changes in morphological characters and levels of beta carotene from irradiated cassava need to be done to get the superior beta carotene cassava clone candidates, which could be developed in the future. This experiment was conducted at the Biotechnology Research Center, LIPI. The sample used in this study originated from in vitro shoots from several Ubi Kuning clones resulting from 10 Gy radiation, which were then transferred to the field. Observations of morphological characters and levels of beta carotene of Ubi Kuning were carried out in the third generation, which was harvested at the age of 10 months. The morphological analysis of irradiated Ubi Kuning showed that there was a difference in the intensity of tuber color between some of irradiated Ubi Kuning clones compared to the control. The determination of beta carotene levels based on the standard beta carotene curve found that the highest content of beta carotene was found in the UK Rad 3.4 clone with beta carotene content of 0.252 μg / mL compared to the control (0.219 μg / mL). The lowest beta carotene content was obtained in UK Rad 3.3 (0.048 μg / mL), followed by UK Rad 3.2 (0.221 μg / mL) and UK Rad 4.1 (0.120 μg / mL). This shows that the irradiated Ubi Kuning at dosage of 10 Gy caused variations in the intensity of tuber colors and the content of beta carotene from the cassava.Keywords: Ubi Kuning, beta carotene, Gamma light irradiation

Genetic Relationship between Tongka Langit Bananas (Musa troglodytarum L.) from Galunggung and Maluku, Indonesia, Based on ITS2

Tongka Langit or Fe’i banana (Musa troglodytarum L.) has the T genome and a very high content of beta-carotene. It only grew and spread around the regions of Maluku islands and Papua. However, recently our team found this banana on the foot of mount Galunggung, West Java, so this raised the question about its origin. The objective of this study was to understand the genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and Maluku islands and compared it with other bananas with different genomes. Genetic diversity analysis was done using ITS2 DNA marker and dendrogram analysis showed three groups. From the comparison of the ITS2 sequences, there were no difference (100% identity) between the ITS2 sequence of Tongka Langit originating from Galunggung and Maluku. In conclusion, based on the ITS2 marker, the Tongka Langit were more distantly related to cultivars with A and B genomes, and there was no difference in the ITS2 sequence of Tongka Langit originating from Galunggung and Maluku. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report of genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and other regions.

Efforts to increase production sweet potato as raw materials Kaya Beta Karoten flour by using compost baglog mushroom waste

Research-based community partnership program activities involve two partners, namely the Murti Lestari Farmer Group and Agrina Creation UKM in Helvetia Village, XI Gang Sawit Hamlet, Labuhan Deli District Deli Serdang Regency. This dedication activity is the application of the results of research that had been carried out two years earlier which was USU's Talent Grants in 2017 and 2018. The problem faced was the lack of understanding of oyster mushroom baglog waste management techniques that have the potential to pollute the environment, on the other hand the farmer group Murti Lestari also experienced difficulties in increasing the quantity and quality of sweet potato production which is also widely cultivated in this village. The low interest of farmers is also encouraged because of the low price of sweet potato products and a relatively limited shelf life. The method implemented for training and discussion, accompanied by the practice of making compost from mushroom baglog waste, the practice of preparing planting material in the form of local sweet potato clones with high beta carotene content, compost application in sweet potato cultivation, maintenance to harvesting and post-harvest process using processing equipment into sweet potato flour rich in beta carotene and various other processed food products. Activities that have been carried out are training on composting of baglog mushroom waste using compost counting machines and bioactivators introduced in this activity so that the composting process goes faster, training on technical culture of orange sweet potato cultivation by applying mushroom baglog compost, training on mushroom making mushrooms and composting Oyster mushroom cultivation using shelves made of mild steel and fogging using a sprayer. Production and quality of yields of sweet potatoes that were given compost baglog oyster mushroom waste increased compared without the provision of compost. The next crop is processed into sweet potato flour with high beta carotene content and various food products using an introduced machine, which is a sweet potato slicing machine, flour machine, macaroni making machine and equipment for making sweet potato flour based food processing products.

Identification of microRNAs response to high light and salinity that involved in beta-carotene accumulation in microalga Dunaliella salina

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in post-transcriptional gene regulation not only in animals and land plants, but also in microalgae. Among all the microalga, Dunaliella salina (D. salina) has the highest content of beta-carotene, and a draft genome of this species was recently published. Thus far, few D. salina miRNAs have been identified. In this study, deep sequencing was performed to identify miRNAs in wild-type D. salina (Control) and in a high light and high salinity treatment group (HLS). Three small RNA (sRNA) libraries were constructed for Control and HLS, and an average of 11,542,169 and 16,877,598 clean tags were obtained, respectively. The sRNA length distribution showed that 21 nt sRNAs were the most abundant class in both Control and HLS, which is consistent with the sRNA distribution of model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Eighty-four known miRNAs and 1054 novel miRNAs were found in Control. Among them, nine known miRNAs and 39 novel miRNAs had altered levels in response to HLS treatment. The expression differences of selected miRNAs and their target genes in Control and HLS were verified by qRT-PCR, which showed that novel-m0533-3p was up-regulated and its predicted target malate dehydrogenase encoded gene was clearly down-regulated in HLS at both transcription and the protein level. Moreover, some key carotenoid pathway genes, such as PSY, PDS and LCYB were all up-regulated in HLS. These findings are providing a new insights into a miRNA-mediated beta-carotene accumulation mechanism in D. salina.

Analisis Beta Karoten dan Vitamin pada Kulit dan Daging Buah Pisang Tongka Langit (Musa Troglodytarum L.) di Kota AmbonAROTEN DAN VITAMIN PADA KULIT DAN DAGING BUAH PISANG TONGKA LANGIT (Musa troglodytarum L.) DI KOTA AMBON

Pisang Tongka Langit dengan tandan buah menjulang ke atas memiliki karakter morfologi yang bervariasi diantaranya ukuran buah (panjang dan pendek), warna daging buah (kuning sampai oranye) dan warna kulit pisang yang berbeda (kuning, oranye kekuningan, oranye kemerahan, merah kecoklatan, dan oranye kecoklatan) yang mengindikasikan adanya kandungan beta karoten. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis kandungan beta karoten dan vitamin pada kulit dan daging buah pisang Tongka Langit menggunakan metode High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Hasil analisis kandungan beta karoten tertinggi pada daging buah panjang sebesar 65,33 mg/100 dan terendah pada daging buah pendek 22,31 mg/100g. Vitamin A yang terbanyak terdapat pada kulit buah pendek 2260,63 mg/100g dan kulit buah panjang memiliki nilai yang paling rendah. Nilai kandungan Vitamin B yang tertinggi terdapat pada kulit buah panjang sebesar 0,11 mg/100g dan yang terendah pada daging buah panjang dan kulit buah pendek sebesar 0,09 mg/100g. Vitamin C yang terbanyak terdapat pada daging buah panjang sebesar 28,48 mg/100g, dan yang terendah pada kulit buah panjang 11,99 mg/100g. Vitamin E yang tertinggi terdapat pada kulit buah panjang sebesar 0,41 mg/100g dan yang terendah terdapat pada daging buah pendek sebesar 0,21 mg/100g, sedangkan vitamin D tidak ditemukan pada semua sampel.

Preparation of unsaponifiable fraction from crude palm oil: a short review

Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is one of vegetable oil obtained by extracting palm fruit mesocarp and has a red color because of the high content of beta carotene. Other bioactive ingredients in CPO include Vitamin E, squalene, and phytosterol found in the unsaponifiable fraction. To obtain multi-component bioactive, a saponification and extraction process is needed. Saponification generally uses strong bases, there are sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The use of sodium hydroxide as a base catalyst can produce vitamin E and phytosterol which is higher than potassium hydroxide. The use of potassium hydroxide as a base catalyst is able to produce higher yields, beta carotene, and squalene compared to sodium hydroxide.

Genetic parameters and gain from selection in sweet potato genotypes with high beta-carotene content

Estimating genetic parameters is an essential procedure to define strategies for breeding and selection of higher yielding genotypes. The use of a selection index can assist in decision making by combining the high yield trait with other desirable traits. The objective of this study was to verify the possibility of gains from selection in a sweet potato population to select potentially promising genotypes. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with three plants per plot and two replications, consisting of 255 sweet potato genotypes and a commercial cultivar (256 treatments). The data were analyzed through REML/BLUP. Genetic gains were evaluated using selection indexes based on the rank sun. The plant population tested showed high genetic variability; 81.25% of the traits had genotypic coefficients of variation above 20%, which indicates conditions favorable to selection with considerable genetic advances. CERAT31-01, CERAT21-02, and CERAT51-30 can be recommended as the most promising genotypes.

Application of filter cake and poultry litter in the production of tomatoes for fresh

The tomato crop is the second most relevant in Brazil and of higher added value. The investment of fertilizer for the increase in the production of quality fruits is quite feasible, and for this we have been encouraged the use of organic fertilizers in order to improve the physical-chemical characteristics of the soil and increase the production in the cultivation of vegetables. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, containing 4 treatments: T0: control, T1: sugarcane filter cake; T2: poultry litter; T3: the combination of T1 and T2 in a ratio of 1: 1, with a fixed dose of 10 ton / ha for all treatments, 5 replicates and 5 plants per treatment, making a total of 100 plants. The design was a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications.The variables studied were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test and the means were compared by the Duncan test (p <0.05). The analyzes were fresh fruit mass (yield), fruit height and width, soluble solids content, lycopene, beta - carotene, pH, ratio and leaf analysis. The fresh mass of the tomato fruit was higher in the treatment that corresponds to the combination between the sugarcane filter cake and the poultry litter, being approximately 25 tons per hectare, which indicated production superior to the other treatments, this can be verified, since these organic fertilizers contain nitrogen and potassium, which directly influenced the vegetative growth and fruit quality, as was verified in the soluble solids content and fruit size (height and width) of this same treatment. also superior to the others. The pH values did not vary statistically between treatments. As the pigment analysis found a higher beta carotene content compared to lycopene. t was concluded that the association of filter cake and poultry litter treatments is feasible due to the increased production obtained, and the use of these by-products for the production of vegetables may complement the chemical fertilizer due to the excellent physico-chemical properties , and these wastes from industries become less costly to the producer and is a way of taking advantage of something that would be discarded in nature.

A brief review of palm oil liquid waste conversion into biofuel

Palm oil is an important edible oil because of its high content of beta-carotene and vitamin E, high oil output, and solid fat content. However, its extensive commercialization has resulted in a va...

Addition of Spirulina as Feed Supplement in The Ration on Production and Eggs Quality of The Sentul Chickens

Sentul chicken is a specific chicken from Ciamis region, West Java, Indonesia, and it is a dual purpose type. To improve performance can be added with spirulina meal as a feed supplement. Spirulina is classified as blue-green algae or blue-green bacteria and can be as the source of protein. Spirulina is a source of carotenoids with the high content of beta-carotene and xanthopyl, so it can be used in rations to increase egg production. The purpose of this study was to obtain an effective level of use n of spirulina in the Sentul chicken ration of the layer phase. The study used 50 female chickens aged 7 months, which was kept in cages until 2 months and each cage contains 2 chickens. The method used was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments namely R0 (ration without spirulina ), R1 (ration with 1% spirulina addition), R 2 (addition of 1.5% ), R3 (addition of 2%) and R4 (addition of 2, 5%) with five replications. Furthermore, treatment differences were tested using Duncan Multiple Range test. The measured variables were feed consumption, egg weight, hen day production, feed conversion, thick of shell and egg yolk color. The results showed the addition of spirulina of 1.5 - 2% in the ration increased hen day production and egg quality but with the addition of 2.5%, feed consumption, hen day production, and feed conversion decreased. It can be concluded that spirulina can be used as feed supplement until 2% to gave the best on production and eggs quality of Sentul chicken.

EVALUATING CARROT AS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD

Consumers have already tended to choose natural plant crops over processed plant produces, like carrot (Daucus corota L.) which is one the very nitrous horticultural crops enjoyed by all ages. Although carrot is rich in fiber and minerals, it is primarily cherished for high beta-carotene content. Moreover, the root contains some other bioactive compounds including other forms of carotenoids, phenolic compounds, vitamin C and polyactylenes. Carotenoid especially beta-carotenes is known for supplying vitamin A and a strong antioxidant activity. Phenolic compounds present in carrots such as chloregenic acids have also antioxidant activities as well. Carrots contain considerable quantity of ascorbic acid which possesses an antioxidant activity and also takes a part some in biological processes. Carrot roots have polyacetylenes, once viewed as toxicants due to being potent skin sensitizers and irritants, which are neurotoxic at high concentrations, more recently they have been considered bioactive compounds. The phytochemical compounds present in carrots may be used as complementary medicine for the prevention and treatment of a number of diseases and disorders. This review explores some major phytochemicals and their pharmacological features present in carrot roots.

English

Twenty-five yellow fleshed cassava varieties including three checks (two improved and one local) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications in three locations in Nigeria. Tuber yield, dry matter content, root size, fiber content, harvest index, sprouting and vigor of the varieties evaluated were all significant at 0.05 significant levels across the locations. Taste, color of unexpanded leaves, height at branching, and internode length were not significant. In Ibadan, plant height, vigor and root size were not significant. In Mokwa, plant height was not significant. Traits such as dry matter, mealiness and taste were significant. In Onne, dry matter was not significant. Clones such as 01/1413, 01/1442, 01/1663, 98/2132, 01/1277, and 01/1235 were stable across locations, 94/0330 had the highest dry matter (38%) which was better than the best check 30572 (37%). All clones were resistant to cassava mosaic disease, cassava bacteria blight, cassava green mites and cassava anthracnose disease vector infection and to the spread of the pathogens within the plant and across locations. Clones 01/1115, 011413, 01/1663, and 01/1335 had high beta-carotene content of range 7 on a color chart. Clones 01/1368, 01/1371, 98/2132, 90/01554 and 94/0330 had dry matter values ranging from 30 to 38%; these were acceptable values. In terms of yield, the best clones were 01/1368 (26 t/ha), 98/2132 (25 t/ha) and 01/1663 (24.5 t/ha). For gari yield clone 01/1649 gave 25%; 94/0330 gave 23% and 90/01554 gave 23%. They were better than the best check, with 22% garri yield. Cultivating cassava with yellow pigmented root flesh is a valid strategy to solve the problem of improving the nutritional value of the diet in the region where cassava is a staple food. Key words: Agronomic performance, beta-carotene, clone, evaluation, cassava, yellow cassava, yield. &nbsp

Study on the influence of palm oil on blood and liver biochemical parameters, beta-carotene and tocochromanols content as well as antioxidant activity in rats.

In the ongoing discussion on the health properties of palm oil, a study of the effect a diet supplemented with palm oil on blood and liver biochemical parameters, beta-carotene and tocochromanols content as well as antioxidant activity was undertaken. Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups, fed with a diet supplemented with plant-based frying commercial fat, palm oil, 7.5% palm oil and 2.5% concentrate from palm oil and 10% of rapeseed oil, respectively. After 21days, blood samples and livers were collected to determine beta-carotene and tocochromanols concentrations, antioxidant activity using DPPH* radical scavenging activity and TEAC methods, insulin, glucagon, serum triacyloglycerols and cholesterol levels, glucose in blood serum and glycogen in the livers. Research has shown valuable biological properties of palm oil in terms of plasma glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triacylglycerol concentrations which was related to the high content of beta-carotene and tocochromanols. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Public concern over the health properties of palm oil has been growing. Therefore, this study supplements existing knowledge in this area based on experimental rat observations. In the presented research, plasma glucose was significantly reduced and no additional growth of total or LDL cholesterol, as well as triacylglycerol concentration, was observed after consuming a palm oil-based diet. Palm oil was a good source of beta-carotene and tocochromanols, which were preferentially distributed in rats' livers. Bioavailability of vitamin E-active compounds in palm oil supplemented rats' livers was relatively high as compared to the rapeseed oil group, therefore this observation complements literature in the field of tocotrienols and tocopherols. Studies have not confirmed the harmful effect of palm oil on rats, however in depth human studies appear to be a promising direction for further research.

Sensory and cultural acceptability tradeoffs with nutritional content of biofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties among households with children in Malawi.

BackgroundBiofortified orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) varieties are being promoted to reduce vitamin A deficiencies due to their higher beta-carotene content. For OFSP varieties to have impact they need to be accepted and consumed at scale amongst populations suffering from vitamin A deficiencies.ObjectiveWe investigated the sensory and cultural acceptability of OFSP varieties amongst households with children aged between 2–5 years old in two areas in Central and Southern Malawi using an integrated model of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Health Belief Model (HBM).MethodsSensory acceptability was measured using a triangle, preference and acceptance test using three OFSP varieties and one control variety, among 270 adults and 60 children. Based on a food ethnographic study, a questionnaire on cultural acceptability was developed and administered to 302 caretakers. Data were analyzed by calculating Spearman’s correlations between constructs and multiple linear regression modeling.ResultsThe sensory evaluation indicates that all three OFSP varieties are accepted (scores >3 on 5-point scale), but there is a preference for the control variety over the three OFSP varieties. Almost all caretakers are intending to frequently prepare OFSP for their child in future (97%). Based on regression analysis, the constructs ‘subjective norms’ (β = 0.25, p = 0.00) reflecting social pressure, and ‘attitudes toward behavior’ (β = 0.14 p = 0.01), reflecting the feelings towards serving their child OFSP, were the best predictors for caretakers’ behavior to prepare OFSP for their child.ConclusionsOur study shows that both sensory and cultural attributes can influence acceptability of varieties and consumption amongst households with children. Considering these attributes can improve the impact of biofortified crops in future programming, by reducing Vitamin A deficiencies through the intake of these nutrient-rich crops.

Genetic divergence for yield and yield attributes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)

The research experiment was conducted to study genetic diversity for quantitative and qualitative traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The investigation was conducted during rabi, 2015-16 at Vegetable Research Farm, College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. Using Mahalanobis D2 statistic, the 30 genotypes were grouped into eight clusters, indicating the presence of diversity for different traits. The cluster I had the highest number containing 19 genotypes followed by cluster II containing five genotypes. However, the cluster III, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII were solitary. The maximum intra-cluster distance was recorded within cluster II (64.36) and the maximum inter-cluster distance between cluster VII and VI (220.70), indicating the existence of wide genetic variability. Based on mean performances, cluster III registered maximum plant height (134.40 cm). The genotypes included in clusters I took less number of days to first flowering (28.60), cluster III took less number of days to 50% flowering (35.33) and cluster I took less number of days to fruit set (38.33). The cluster VII registered high number of fruits per plant (326.00) and high fruit yield per plant (1.54 kg). The genotypes included in clusters I had maximum average fruit weight (51.23 g). The cluster V registered high TSS (9.07 oBrix). The cluster I registered high content of ascorbic acid (32.38 mg/100g) and beta carotene (2.33 mg/100g). Hence, these characters can be utilized in breeding programme for enhancing their respective characters. Based on cluster mean analysis, the superior and genetically divergent genotypes can be used in crop improvement programme in tomato.

Performance of cowpea varieties under zero tillage conditions in rice-wheat cropping system

The present experimentation was undertaken during pre-kharif season of 2013 and 2014 to study the varietal performance of cowpea in rice-wheat cropping system at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibai, Cooch Behar, West Bengal after harvesting of wheat under zero tillage conditions and before rice sowing. Experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications by using eighteen varieties of cowpea. The result of pooled data revealed that all the growth, yield parameters and quality parameters varied significantly with respect to different varieties of cowpea. The longest and lowest vine length was noticed in Lafa Sundari Bangla (112.10 cm) and VU-5 (32.64 cm), minimum and maximum days for flowering, first harvesting and last harvesting was recorded in Kaberee and Pusa Phalguni Gold. Variety Girija and Deshi Lafa produced longest pod (45.40 cm), highest individual pod weight (14.29g). For number of pods per plant Triguna (31.07) was found highest which was statistically at par with Kanak (30.70), Kashi Kanchan (29.33). Maximum yield of 18.51 t/ha was obtained from Kashi Kanchan followed by Triguna (17.07 tonnes/ ha) and Kanak (16.69 tonnes/ha). Lafa Sundari Bangala recorded with highest beta carotene content (1037 IU/100g fresh pod), ascorbic acid content (20.17 mg/100g fresh pod) as well as highest protein content of 4.69 per cent. Hence, it is concluded that the cowpea variety Kashi Kanchan, Triguna and Kanak may be recommended for commercial cultivation in rice-wheat cropping system under terai zone of West Bengal as they produced higher yield (34.52 %, 24.06 % and 21.29 %, respectively) over the check variety Lafa Sundari Bangla.

MUTU ORGANOLEPTIK, KANDUNGAN PROTEIN DAN BETAKAROTEN MIE SUBSTITUSI IKAN RUCAH DAN UBI JALAR KUNING

Trash fish have a high protein content while the yellow sweet potato have a high betacarotene content that potential to be processed as noodle for supplementary feeding of toddlers age 2–5 years. This research aimed to analyze organoleptic and nutritional value (protein and betacarotene) of noodle trash fi sh and yellow sweet potato subtitution. Type of this research was true experimental design with completely randomized design with 5 times replication in 3 formulas which were 1 controlled formula (F0) and 2 modifi ed formulas (F1 and F2). Untrained panelists were used 25 mother of toddler. Data was analyzed descriptively and statistically to know the acceptence of noodle using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test (α=0.05). Kruskal Wallis statistical test indicated that there was significant difference (p<0.05) on the acceptability of aroma and texture of noodle and there was no significant difference (p>0.05) on the acceptability of colour and fl avour. The result of organoleptic test showed that the most preferred noodle by the panelis was formula F2 (37.5 g trash fi sh fl our and 37.5 g yellow sweet potato puree). Nutrient value of formula F2 had 12.28 g of protein and 208.8 mcg of betacaroten. The best composition, acceptability and nutritional value is F2 (37.5 g trash fish and 37.5 g yellow sweet potato puree) and can be used for alternative of supplementary feeding for toddler.

Robust in vitro propagation and regeneration of ubi kuning high beta carotene cassava genotype through somatic embryogenesis

Supatmi, Fitriani H, Rahman N, Hartati NS, Sudarmonowati E. 2017. Robust in vitro propagation and regeneration of ubi kuning high beta carotene cassava genotype through somatic embryogenesis. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 352-360. Ubi kuning is a local genotype of cassava with high beta carotene content but the development of this genotype is still low because of plant disease susceptibility. Objectives of this study were to robust induce and regenerate somatic embryos of ubi kuning in vitro as well as to define a protocol of cyclic somatic embryogenesis of ubi kuning. Different size of leaf lobes, various concentration of picloram and different light conditions were tested to produce an effective and efficient somatic embryos (SEs).The best response of the induction of embryogenic callus was observed in leaf lobes explant with range size of 1-3 mm and >5mm cultured on induction medium (MS + 4% sucrose + 4 μM CuSO4 + 0.1 mM Glutamine + 0.8% Microagar) supplemented with either 10 or 18 mg/L picloram grown under dark light for 4 weeks. Retransferring embryogenic callus to the same medium supplemented with 16 mg/L picloram gave the advanced development of primary somatic embryos (PSEs) after 70 d grown under both dark and light condition treatments. A positive correlation between globular and cotyledon stages was obtained in all treatments (P≤ 0.01). The highest shoot and root growth (30% and 25%) was achieved in the regeneration of cotyledonary like-tissues cultured on callus embryogenic media (CEM) (MS basal+ 2.5 μM CuSO4 + 3% sucrose + 2.75 g/L phytagel) supplemented with 1.6 mg/L of BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine).