Genetic Relationship between Tongka Langit Bananas (Musa troglodytarum L.) from Galunggung and Maluku, Indonesia, Based on ITS2

Fenny Martha Dwivany,Agus Sutanto,Nisrina Sukriandi,I Nyoman Rai,Husna Nugrahapraja,Adriana Hiariej,Giasintha Stefani,Ketut Wikantika,Topik Hidayat

doi:10.4308/hjb.27.3.258

Abstract

Tongka Langit or Fe’i banana (Musa troglodytarum L.) has the T genome and a very high content of beta-carotene. It only grew and spread around the regions of Maluku islands and Papua. However, recently our team found this banana on the foot of mount Galunggung, West Java, so this raised the question about its origin. The objective of this study was to understand the genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and Maluku islands and compared it with other bananas with different genomes. Genetic diversity analysis was done using ITS2 DNA marker and dendrogram analysis showed three groups. From the comparison of the ITS2 sequences, there were no difference (100% identity) between the ITS2 sequence of Tongka Langit originating from Galunggung and Maluku. In conclusion, based on the ITS2 marker, the Tongka Langit were more distantly related to cultivars with A and B genomes, and there was no difference in the ITS2 sequence of Tongka Langit originating from Galunggung and Maluku. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report of genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and other regions.

Highlights

The objective of this study was to understand the genetic relationship between Tongka Langit from Galunggung and Maluku islands and compared it with other bananas with different genomes
Based on the ITS2 marker, the Tongka Langit were more distantly related to cultivars with A and B genomes, and there was no difference in the ITS2 sequence of Tongka Langit originating from Galunggung and Maluku
Tongka Langit banana (Musa troglodytarum L.) is a cultivar with unique characteristics such as upright fruit bunches (Hiariej and Karuwal 2015), magenta colored resin, large fruits and reddish orange pulp that gives it the potential to be developed into an alternative staple food

Summary

Introduction

Tongka Langit banana (Musa troglodytarum L.) is a cultivar with unique characteristics such as upright fruit bunches (Hiariej and Karuwal 2015), magenta colored resin, large fruits and reddish orange pulp (rich in β-carotene) that gives it the potential to be developed into an alternative staple food. The history of the breeding of Tongka Langit banana is unknown, but it is suspected to originate from Musa lododensis (based on its DNA), Musa maclayi (based on morphology), and Musa peekelii (Ploetz et al 2007). Tongka Langit banana was thought to come from French Polynesia which was brought. The aim of this research was to determine the phylogenetic relationship between the banana from. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the ITS2 molecular marker to study the diversity of banana species. ITS2 could be used as a molecular marker because it has sufficient variability to be able to differentiate between banana cultivars, it has a high copy number and it is short, thereby making it easier for DNA isolation, amplification, and analysis

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Conclusion