Herbicides Bentazon Research Articles

Synthesis of hierarchically porous 3D polymeric carbon superstructures with nitrogen-doping by self-transformation: a robust electrocatalyst for the detection of herbicide bentazone.

Bentazone (BEZ) is one of the utmost selective problematic contact-past herbicide with high toxicity for humans owing to feasible contamination of surface and ground water. In this work, an electrochemical sensor has been developed for the sensitive detection of BEZ, based on hierarchically porous three-dimensional (3D) carbon superstructures (CS)-modified electrodes. The CSs (namely, CSHEX, CSPY, CSACN, and CSNOS) were prepared by the pyrolysis process from organic porous polyacrylonitrile (PAN) superstructure particles (namely, PANHEX, PANPY, PANACN, and PANNOS) obtained by free radical polymerization method using different solvents (hexane, pyridine, acetonitrile, and also no solvent). The assembly with the working electrode of CSs causes the electrocatalytic BEZ oxidation by rapid electron transfer compared to the PAN superstructures and bare electrodes. Intriguingly, compared to all electrodes, CSHEX-modified electrode showed the superior electrochemical detection of BEZ ata working potential of 0.99 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), very low detection limit (0.002 μM), widedynamic linear range (0.03 to 200 μM), high sensitivity (9.95 μA μM-1 cm-2), and excellent reliability. Theadvanced sensors displayed an intensification of oxidation peak current of BEZ with high selectivity, remarkable sensitivity, and reproducibility for BEZ detection and received satisfactory outcomes designating the application of sensors for the determination of BEZ in river water samples.

Drop coating deposition Raman (DCDR) spectroscopy of contaminants

Drop coating deposition Raman (DCDR) spectroscopy of contaminants

Chemical and cultural control of Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula in narrow‐row soybean in southwestern Japan

AbstractIn Japan, the spread of morning glory (Ipomoea spp.) in soybean fields has become a serious issue. To establish a control approach for Ipomoea species, this study considered the optimal system combining cultural and chemical control methods. Field experiments were conducted for 3 years to investigate the effects of no‐tillage compared with tillage seeding in narrow‐row soybean and of application timing of selective post‐emergence herbicides bentazone and fluthiacet‐methyl. The cumulative emergence of entireleaf morning glory (Ipomoea hederacea [L.] Jacq. var. integriuscula A. Gray) in no‐tillage was 25–79% of that in tillage, and the initial growth was suppressed. In no‐tillage, the dry matter weight of I. hederacea var. integriuscula was suppressed compared to tillage methods. However, in no‐tillage, initial soybean growth was inferior, and reduction of the relative photosynthetic photon flux density (RPPFD) in the soybean canopy was delayed. A combination of selective post‐emergence herbicide applications at the second and fourth trifoliate leaf stages (TLS) of soybean was most effective in I. hederacea var. integriuscula suppression. The initial growth of soybean greatly fluctuated yearly, and the period when the RPPFD became less than 50% varied at the fourth through seventh TLS. Therefore, if the initial soybean growth is good, the end of the required period for weed control can be defined as the fourth TLS. No‐tillage cultivation combined with management to promote soybean growth, such as adequate soil moisture control by subirrigation systems, may be effective in controlling I. hederacea var. Integriuscula.

Photocatalytic removal of bentazon by copper doped zinc oxide nanorods: Reaction pathways and toxicity studies

Photocatalytic removal of bentazon by copper doped zinc oxide nanorods: Reaction pathways and toxicity studies

Sifat Campuran Herbisida Berbahan Aktif Bentazon dan MCPA Terhadap Gulma Daun Lebar, Teki dan Rumput

<p>Weed control using a single herbicide with same active ingredients can add the risk of weed resistance. Using mixed herbicides can increase the spectrum of weeds controlled, and inhibit weed resistance. Herbicide mixture with two or more types of active ingredients will show the interactions between one and another ingredient. These interactions could be synergistic, antagonistic, and additive. The research was to determine the response of mixed herbicide Bentazon, MCPA 460 g. L⁻¹ and their mixed characteristic. This experiment was conducted from June until August 2019 in the greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The treatment consisted of three types of herbicides with six dose levels, namely a single herbicide of Bentazon 400 g. L⁻¹ and MCPA 60 g. L⁻¹ (4; 2; 1; 0.5; 0.25; 0 L.ha⁻¹), a mixed herbicide Bentazon MCPA 460 g.L⁻¹ (5; 2.5; 1.25; 0.625; 0.3215; 0 L.ha⁻¹) with four replications. The target weeds tested were <em>Spenochlea zeylanica</em>, <em>Ludwigia hyssopifolia</em>, <em>Fimbristylis miliacea</em>, and <em>Cyperus iria</em> was taken from the Ciparay area. Data were analysed by linear regression analysis and multiplicative survival model (MSM) method to determine the LD50 treatment and expectation. The result showed that compound herbicides of Bentazon and MCPA LD50 treatment (0,3857 g.ha⁻¹) had smaller value than LD50 expectation (0,6943 g.ha⁻¹) with a ecotoxicity value of 1.8 (> 1), so that the herbicide mixture was synergistic.</p>

Au@Ag bimetallic nanoparticles deposited on palygorskite in the presence of TiO2 for enhanced photodegradation activity through synergistic effect.

Herbicides are hazardous organic pollutants that contribute to the risk of environmental contamination. The aim of this work was to investigate the synergistic effect of silver (Ag) and gold (Au) bimetallic nanoparticles deposited on palygorskite (PAL) in the presence of TiO2 for photodegradation of bentazone (BTZ) herbicide under UV light. Ag and Au@Ag nanoparticles exhibited an average size below 75nm and surface charge values less than -30mV. UV-Vis spectroscopy indicates the formation of core@shell bimetallic nanoparticles. XRD results showed the interactions between the NPs and the palygorskite structure. SEM images clearly illustrate the presence of small spherical particles distributed in the clay fibers. The control of the size and distribution of the nanoparticles played an important role in the properties of the composites. The degradation of the herbicide BTZ showed that nanoparticles, clay, and only TiO2 did not produce satisfactory results; however, when Ag-Pal and Au@Ag-Pal were in the presence of the TiO2, the degradation was efficient. The best photodegradative system was Au@Ag-Pal+TiO2, which was maintained after the third cycle. The bentazone photodegradation using Au@Ag-PAL+TiO2 exhibited toxicity against Artemia salina. Therefore, Au@Ag-PAL+TiO2 photocatalyst showed that the synergy of bimetallic nanoparticles deposited on clay for enhanced photodegradation activity of bentazone herbicide.

The effectiveness of herbicides in soybean cultivation

The necessity to improve systems of soybean crop protection from weeds as a critical factor in further increasing of crop yields and improving of food quality conditioned the topicality of a problem raised in this publication. In this regard, we directed this article on the determination of biological activity of individual post-emergence herbicides in relation to the most common and harmful weed species and establishing of their technical and economic efficiency under growing of soybeans in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The effectiveness of chemical weeding of crops with preparations bentazone, imazamox and bentazone+imazamox in two-year field experiments in a stationary crop rotation at the Agronomic Research Station of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine was analysed. It is established that the application of post-emergence herbicide bentazone+imazamox, which at the expense of high biological activity significantly reduced density of widespread and relatively chemicalresistant weeds at a mixed type of soybean crop weediness, is effective enough. Twofold application of 0.75 l ha–1 of the herbicide in a tank mixture with 1.0 l ha–1 of the surfactant Metolat with a two-week interval in the phase of two or three true leaves on soybeans was more effective. It resulted in a loss of 89% of gray bristle (Setaria glauca (Poir.) Roem. & Schult), 65% of common chicken millet (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.) and almost full destruction of broadleaf species (99%) with 97% reduction of raw weed biomass. However, the soybean yield averaged 3.82 t ha–1 over 2 years that is by 34% higher than in the control option without chemical weeding. Application of the herbicide did not reduce protein and oil content.

Production and Assessment of Potato Material Resistant to the Broadleaf Herbicide Bentazone

In potato cultivation, the problem of controlling broadleaf weeds could be solved with the production of plants resistant to the broadleaf herbicide bentazone. Plant tissue culture technology and herbicide screening technology were used to select bentazone-resistant potato materials and to analyse the physiological and biochemical characteristics of their resistance. Potato microtubers were used as explants. Results showed that the optimum medium for screening the resistance was the Murashige and Skoog medium + 1 mg/L indoleacetic acid + 4 mg/L zeatin + 60 mg/L bentazone (pH 5.8). Forty-one regenerated buds were obtained by screening culture. After treatment with 48% bentazone aqueous solution (700 mg/L and 1296 g a.i./ha), one resistant product was obtained. Exposure to bentazone (1296 g a.i./ha) reduced the physiological indices of both the resistant and control potato plants. However, compared with control, the photosynthetic indices and acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity of resistant selection only decreased slightly and increased significantly from the lowest level, and the content of malondialdehyde, an indicator of plant stress, was also less affected.

Analysis of bentazon and its metabolites in urine and blood

Analysis of bentazon and its metabolites in urine and blood

Physio-biochemical and nutrient constituents of peanut plants under bentazone herbicide for broad-leaved weed control and water regimes in dry land areas

The abundance of broad-leaved weeds in peanut fields represents the handicap in weed management programs, since limited specific herbicides can be recommended to control them. Moreover, the physio-biochemical constituents and nutritional status in peanut plants as affected by available herbicides, i.e., bentazone under water stress conditions are not well known. Therefore, field trials were conducted during the growing seasons in 2016 and 2017 to investigate the interactional impact of irrigation levels (I50, I75 and I100, representing irrigation by 50%, 75% and 100% of crop evapotranspiration, respectively) and weed control practices (bentazone, bentazone+hoeing once, hoeing twice and weedy check as control) on dominant broad-leaved weeds as well as peanut physiological and agronomic traits. Result indicated that the efficiency of weed control for each weeded treatment under I50 significantly equaled with its counterpart under I75 or I100. Bentazone+hoeing once diminished weed biomass by 89.3% and enhanced chlorophyll content of peanut plants by 51.2%. Bentazone relatively caused a reduction in carotenoides. Hoeing twice and bentazone+hoeing once under I100 in both growing seasons as well as hoeing twice under I75 in 2017 were the superior combinations for boosting pod yield of peanut plants. Treatment of bentazone+hoeing once and I75 recorded the lowest reduction in N utilization percentage and the highest increase in potassium utilization percentage of peanut plants. Eliminating weeds enhanced water use efficiency by 37.8%, 49.6% and 34.7% under I50, I75 and I100, respectively. In conclusion, peanut seems to be tolerant to bentazone at moderate water supply, thus it can be safely used in controlling the associated broad-leaved weeds.

Schiff-base derived chitosan impregnated copper oxide nanoparticles: An effective photocatalyst in direct sunlight

Schiff-base derived chitosan impregnated copper oxide nanoparticles: An effective photocatalyst in direct sunlight

Importance of Methane Oxidation for Microbial Degradation of the Herbicide Bentazone in Drinking Water Production

Bentazone is a herbicide, which is frequently detected in groundwater due to its mobility and persistence in aquifers. Groundwater is used as a drinking water source all over the world, and sustainable methods to remove pesticides at low concentrations are urgently needed since pesticide contaminations can adversely affect human health. The aim of this study was to investigate whether microbial bentazone degradation was associated with methane oxidation in full-scale drinking water treatment plants. To this end, we investigated bentazone biodegradation in microcosms with water and filter material from rapid sand filters, or biomass from aeration systems, and we investigated the statistical relation between the presence of methane and bentazone in groundwater abstraction wells. An array of evidence supported an association between bentazone degradation and methane oxidation in the biological treatment process. The biodegradation potential of bentazone was associated with the presence of methane in the raw water at 14 different water works. In contrast, no association was observed with any of the other investigated inorganic energy sources, e.g. ammonium. Addition of acetylene inhibited methane oxidation and the bentazone degradation in filter material from two investigated waterworks. Biomass from the aeration tanks degraded bentazone, but only while oxidizing methane. Bentazone removal rates and methane removal rates correlated significantly across all the experiments with biomass or filter material, with an overall transformation yield of 15×10-5 moleBTZ/moleCH4. This demonstrated that the bentazone degradation was conducted by the same type of process in all the investigated communities, governed by methane oxidation. Furthermore, based on more than 10.000 water analyses from waterworks abstraction wells in Denmark, bentazone was detected significantly less frequent in wells with high methane concentrations (> 1 mg/L) than in wells without methane. This suggests that biological treatment of bentazone contamination in drinking water may be achieved using methanotrophs.

MISTURA DE HERBICIDAS E MOLIBDÊNIO APLICADOS EM PÓS-EMERGÊNCIA NA CULTURA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI

A mistura de tanque entre herbicidas e fertilizantes foliares pode promover efeitos adversos nas culturas em função do antagonismo entre produtos. Assim, objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de molibdênio (Mo) em mistura de tanque com herbicidas sobre a produtividade da cultura do feijão-caupi e o controle de plantas daninhas. O delineamento experimental usado foi de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, em arranjo fatorial 6 x 2. O primeiro fator foi constituído por: testemunha capinada, testemunha não capinada e a aplicação dos herbicidas bentazon, imazethapyr e as misturas bentazon + imazamox e bentazon + imazethapyr e o segundo fator pela ausência e aplicação de 80 g ha-1 de Mo. Foram avaliados a densidade e a massa seca de plantas daninhas, a fitointoxicação, comprimento da haste principal, diâmetro da haste, teores de clorofila a e b e os componentes de produção da cultura do feijão-caupi. A aplicação de Mo associado aos herbicidas bentazon, imazethapyr, bentazon + imazamox, bentazon + imazethapyr não afeta a eficiência de controle de plantas daninhas e nem a seletividade dos herbicidas para o feijão-caupi BRS Guariba. A fitointoxicação promovida pelos herbicidas foi leve (<5%) aos 7 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos, com desaparecimento dos sintomas aos 14 DAA. A aplicação de Mo aumenta os teores de clorofila a e b no florescimento, o comprimento da haste principal e o número de vagens por planta na ocasião da colheita da cultura. As plantas daninhas reduzem o rendimento de grãos do feijão-caupi, independente da aplicação foliar de Mo.

Weed control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) using acifluorfen and bentazon herbicides in North-central zone, Nigeria

The influence of acifluorfen and bentazon in the control of weeds in soybean was studied at the Students’ Research and Demonstration Farm, Kogi State University, Anyigba during the 2016 growing season. A low shattering and early maturity soybean cultivar with high oil content, TGX 1830-20E was used in this trial. The two herbicides were applied post-emergence at two rates each. Acifluorfen (5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acid) was applied at 0.2 and 0.4 kg a.i/ha;bentazon (3-(1-methylethyl(-(1H) -2, 1, 3 –benzothiadazin -4(3H) –one 2,2 – dioxide ) at 0.5 and 1.0 kg a.i/ha, while their mixtures, acifluorfen + asulam applied at 1.3 and 1.6 kg a.i /ha and bentazon + asulam at 1.4 and 1.7 kg a.i/ha. Parameters measured included phytotoxicity of the herbicides to soybean, weed control effectiveness, plant height, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/plant, seed weight /plant and total grain yield (kg/ha). Results showed that weed control effectiveness was higher and the crop performance most especially in terms of total grain yield (Kg/ha) was better in plots that received mixture formulation of acifluorfen + asulam and bentazon + asulam than where acifluorfen or bentazon was applied as single formulation irrespective of rates. The highest grain yield (1066 kg/ha) obtained from plots to which 1.6 kg a.i/ha of acifluorfen + asulam was applied compared favourably with that realized from the hoe weeded plots (1044.5 kg a.i/ha). Abysmally low grain yield was obtained from the weedy check.

Weed control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) using acifluorfen and bentazon herbicides in North-central zone, Nigeria

Weed control in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) using acifluorfen and bentazon herbicides in North-central zone, Nigeria

Possible Metsulfuron Herbicide Detoxification by a Oryza sativa L. Glutathione S-transferase Enzyme.

Abstract Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops in the world, and it is considered the primary source of nutritional layout in developing countries in Asia. The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) superfamily confers to rice protection against biotic and abiotic stress, and herbicide resistance. However, the three-dimensional structure of a GST Tau class, is unsolved. The objectives of this work were to develop a reliable comparative model for the s-transferase glutathione class Tau 4 from rice, and simulate docking interactions, against herbicides bentazon and metsulfuron. Results showed that the predicted model is reliable and has structural quality. Ramachandran plot set 91.9% of the residues in the most favored regions. All complexes showed negative binding energies values; and metsulfuron docked to the glutathione tripeptide, and it represents a possible insilico evidence of glutathione conjugation with this herbicide.

Selectivity of post-emergent herbicides for weed control in birdsfoot trefoil crops

Abstract Background: Competition with weeds and the lack of selective herbicides registered for birdsfoot trefoil crops affect their development and limit their productivity. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate selectivity of post-emergent herbicides for weed control in birdsfoot trefoil crops. Methods: Experiments were carried out in a greenhouse and on a field, in both vegetative and reproductive development stages of birdsfoot trefoil crops. Treatments were composed of post-emergent herbicides recommended for soybean, corn and garlic cultivation. Phytotoxicity (PHYTO), plant height (HEI), shoot dry matter (SDM) and root dry matter (RDM) were evaluated. Data were submitted to the analysis of variance and when means were significant, they were compared by the Duncan’s Test (p≤0.05). In order to determine post-emergent herbicides which were selective to the crop, those that provided PHYTO below or equal to 15% were recommended, since they did not significantly interfere with morphological variables HEI, SDM and RDM, by comparison with the control. Results: Unlike results found in the vegetative stage, birdsfoot trefoil plants were more tolerant to phytotoxic effects of herbicides imazethapyr, chlorimuron-ethyl, cloransulam-methyl and fomesafen in the reproductive stage. The variables were negatively affected by the herbicides bentazon, glyphosate and carfentrazone-ethyl, with PHYTO higher than 40% at 20 days after treatment in the vegetative stage. Conclusions: Herbicides imazethapyr, chlorimuron-ethyl and flumetsulam, when applied as post-emergent ones, regardless of the development stage of the species, are selective to birdsfoot trefoil crops, without affecting crop development, whereas herbicides cloransulam-methyl and fomesafen are not selective to them.

The role of direct photolysis in the photodegradation of the herbicide bentazone in natural surface waters.

The role of direct photolysis in the photodegradation of the herbicide bentazone in natural surface waters.

A stable CoSP/MWCNTs air-diffusion cathode for the photoelectro-Fenton degradation of organic pollutants at pre-pilot scale

A stable CoSP/MWCNTs air-diffusion cathode for the photoelectro-Fenton degradation of organic pollutants at pre-pilot scale

Degradation and Mobility of Pesticides in Norwegian Soils

Degradation and Mobility of Pesticides in Norwegian Soils