Jordan Research Articles

Some New Epigraphy Material from the Hashemite Kingdom of the Jordan

The aim of this research is to present a new collection of ANA inscriptions (Safaitic) discovered in 2017 in the Jordanian northeastern Badia in the area of Tall Al-Hafit. The research attempts to add a new meaning to the interpretation of the verb ʿwr in the Safaitic inscriptions. This research also introduces a new inscription bearing a reference to the town of Salkhad, which is located in southern Syria. This is the fifth inscription mentioning the name of this town. In addition, the research attempts to shed light on the importance of interpreting Safaitic inscriptions in relation to their geographical locations (the places where the inscriptions were discovered). This is because it is believed that these inscriptions and the meanings their authors wanted to convey can be better understood when interpreting these inscriptions in relation to their geographical contexts.

Teachers’ Attitudes toward Employing Morphological Awareness in the EFL Classrooms in Jordan

Morphological awareness plays an essential role in literacy. So many specialists and experts in the field of instruction confirmed the key role of morphological awareness to foster students' abilities to able to decode and spell words the right way. However, the current study was run to investigate the teachers' attitudes toward employing the knowledge of morphological awareness in the EFL classroom in Jordan and that was considered the ultimate goal and the study question. Thus, in order to carry out the study, a qualitative research method was administered through a research tool employed. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were both beard in mind. The sample study consisted of (150) participants distributed in different municipalities in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, especially in Zarqa municipality where the researcher works. The findings of the study showed dearth in competence among teachers, besides, most of EFL teachers reduced the importance of morphological awareness as an approach to develop students' abilities to be competent readers and spellers. The results also revealed a clear gap in morphological awareness among the EFL teachers in part two of the questionnaire. Consequently, the researcher recommended other researchers to gear other studies on both teachers and students. Besides, the researcher recommended also EFL teachers to keep up to date revolutionary researches related to instruction methods.

The Extent to Which the Textbooks of Islamic Culture for the Secondary Stage (11-12) in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Include the Types of Crime: درجة تضمين كتب التربية الإسلامية بالمرحلة الثانوية (11-12) في المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية لأنواع الجريمة

This study aimed at identifying the extent to which the textbook of Islamic culture (the first level, the second level, and the third level) include the types of crime in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The study used the descriptive analytical approach. The study tool which was developed consisted of (44) crimes and was divided into five domains according to the crime type. The study sample consisted of all the textbooks of Islamic culture for the secondary stage (the first level, the second level, and the third level). The study results showed that the crime total frequency was (147) distributed to the five domains. The economical crimes domain was in the first place with a frequency of (68) and a percentage of (46%). The societal violence crimes were in the second rank with a frequency of (29) and a percentage of 20%. The sexual crimes and political crimes were in the third rank with a percentage of (16%), while the electronic crimes were in the last rank with a percentage of (2%). In the light of the results, the study concluded with a number of recommendations and suggestions about including more crimes and the proper solutions for them.

The Special Role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in the Muslim Holy Shrines in Jerusalem

Abstract This article explores the meaning of the Jerusalem clause in Article 9(2) of the Israel–Jordan Peace Treaty. It begins by considering the drafting of the clause, before analysing subsequent agreements between Israel, Palestine, and Jordan. The article then turns to history to explore the origins of Jordan’s special role, which amounted to a particular rule of customary international law, from 1967, when Israel recognised that special role after it occupied East Jerusalem, until 1994, when it was codified in the Peace Treaty. The article concludes by explaining that Jordan’s special role is comprised of its custodianship of the Muslim holy shrines in Jerusalem, with its attendant duties of maintaining, protecting, and regulating access to the shrines and that Israel is obligated to give due regard to Jordan’s primary role in the exercise of these duties within the spaces of these shrines.

The Role of the Hashemite Scientific Councils in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in Reflecting the True Image of Islam: Analysis of Content

The current study aimed at identifying the role of the Hashemite Scientific Councils in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in reflecting the true image of Islam. Thecurrent study has the descriptive approach due to its suitability to the purposes of the study. The study sample was randomly selected from (48) councils from the Hashemite Scientific Councils held during (1999-2019). In order to collect data, the content exploratory analysis was applied, and it was found that the Hashemite Scientific Councils in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan had concern with religious topics with a percentage of (68%) from the general content of the topics discussed by the Councils, while political topics have ranked second, followed by educational topics, social topics, economic topics, and finally human rights topics. The study recommended the necessity of generalizing the idea of ​​the Hashemite Scientific Councils in the Arab and Islamic world, and activating the role of the Hashemite Scientific Councils by proposing new topics that match the requirements of the age of technology, as well as that the various media and communications shall adopt the message of the Hashemite Scientific Councils in disseminating the true image of Islam.

Role of Electronic Accounting Information Systems in Reducing the Phenomenon of Tax Evasion in Facilities Subject to Income and Sales Tax in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

The study aimed at identifying the role of e-accounting information systems in reducing tax evasion in term of its three stages inputs, processing and outputs. It also explained the role of a compatibility between e-accounting systems and the instructions and procedures of income tax authority for reducing tax evasion. For achieving the purposes of the study, a questionnaire was distributed to employees of tax evasion authority, income and sales tax inspectors. The study found that using e-accounting information systems in the facilities subject to income and sales tax has contributed to a very high degree at input stage whereas the contribution of using e-accounting systems has been high at processing and output stages. In addition, the study indicated that existing the compatibility between e-accounting systems and the instructions of income and sales tax authority has highly contributed to the reduction of tax evasion. It also illustrated that the procedures and methods of professional examination of e-accounting information systems developed by income and sales tax authority have contributed to a very high degree of the reduction of tax evasion. Moreover, the study found that a sufficient experience of employees of income and sales tax authority in the field of using e-accounting information systems has contributed to a very high degree of the reduction of spreading of the phenomenon of tax evasion.

The perspectives of sustainable development of Jordanian financial sector in current conditions

The Government of Jordan (the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) accepted quite an ambitious Economic Action Plan for 2019—2020 where the country's development priorities are clearly defined. The plan is aimed at the development and maintenance of a business-friendly environment, reforms on the financial market and in the social and economic field. However, for mitigating the economic effects caused by the regional crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, a sufficient financial support is needed, and the Government wants to get it from the International Monetary Fund and World Bank. It is important to note the austerity measures introduced by the Government in May 2018, including an increase in income tax, which resulted in the general strike of major retail store chains and mass riots among the population. Jordan shares borders with two unstable countries: Syria and Iraq. In this regard, all the negative consequences ofwars and conflicts in these countries were an additional burden for the Kingdom's economy. Hence, Jordan must consider the possibility of maintaining its economy not in the projects and Economic Action Plans declared by the Government, but in the geopolitical area. For instance, to restore relationships with Syria and improve relationships with Iraq, develop the activity in the Palestinian territories. Well-considered and balanced political steps are a good approach to solving many local problems, moreover, Jordan has a big potential in the implementation ofvarious innovative approaches.

The Special Role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in the Muslim Holy Shrines in Jerusalem

The Special Role of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in the Muslim Holy Shrines in Jerusalem

Jordanian Citizen's Confidence in the Role & Performance of the Local Municipalities

This study aims to analyze all causes or obstacles facing local municipalities, by studying the negative causes and challenges facing them, and doing a partial study of local municipalities in the various regions of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. This is done through knowing the challenges and difficulties facing the municipalities in general and knowing the municipality's ability to face these challenges and difficulties, within the capabilities available to them, and knowing its role in achieving development in these areas affiliated to it and its impact on gaining the trust of citizens. In order to achieve this confidence for citizens, it is necessary to achieve the desired goals and services provided by the municipality, and to know the gap in municipal decisions between government institutions and ministries and the impact of this on the opinion of citizens.

MENTORING AND THE DIFFERENCE IT MAKES IN TEACHERS’ WORK: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Globally, researchers and education leaders are interested in achieving quality education, which is why different countries have identified continuous professional development (CPD) of teachers as a great measure to attain success in education. Mentoring which is a type of teacher CPD has been implemented in developed countries such as: United Kingdom, United States of America, Australia, Asian and Scandinavian countries, among others. However, some countries (Nigeria, Pakistan, Jordan, United Arab Emirates, etc) are yet to introduce teacher mentoring, which may be the reason why the quality of education in such countries is poor, because mentoring is known to guide, support, direct, and develop the competence of teachers, build teachers confidence and sense of belonging in the teaching profession, as well as reduce teacher attrition. This research is aimed at finding out whether mentoring makes a difference in teachers’ work and whether mentoring should be widely adopted or not. The method adopted for this research is the research synthesis which involves the process of bringing together existing research knowledge and findings. Results show that both less experienced teachers (mentees) and experienced teachers (mentors) who have not participated in mentoring developed low self-esteem and they prefer to leave their teaching jobs due to stress, frustration, dissatisfaction, and because they demonstrate incompetence which affects their confidence. While teachers who have participated in mentoring developed confidence, gained leadership and communication skills, they became empathetic, felt valued and had the ability to function independently as classroom teachers. Countries all over the world must, therefore, introduce teacher mentoring and promote its sustainability for effective teaching and learning. Article visualizations:

Воздействие некоторых сложных хемостимуляторов и модификаторов на термооксидирование InP

Воздействие некоторых сложных хемостимуляторов и модификаторов на термооксидирование InP

Children Immunization App (CImA), Low-Cost Digital Solution for Supporting Syrian Refugees in Zaatari Camp in Jordan - General Description.

Mobile applications (apps) can improve health outcomes. In this study, we have described an app developed for documenting the history of vaccination among Syrian children in one of the largest refugees' camps in the Middle East region. This app includes health education information and automated reminders for parents, using a visual tool for parents with low literacy level. We have emphasized on the usability and technical concerns and have described the interdependency of technical and human considerations for such health app solution in a marginalized context.

Impact of Arab Islamic Culture on Employees’ Effectiveness from the Employees’ Perspective in Commercial Banks Case of The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

This paper presents part of theoretical and practical analysis of the influence of Arab Islamic culture on employees’ effectiveness in Jordanian commercial banks. It considers two of the Islamic values: Intention (Neyyah) and Justice Trust (Amana) from the employees’ perspective. The influence of religion on both: practices of management and its role in human behaviour within work organizations has been ignored (Ababneh & Avramenko, 2016). This paper tries to fill part of this gap by considering its influence on organizational performance in general and employee’s effectiveness in particular. In a country such as the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, religion plays an important role in everyday life, being supported by Government. Interest is in the prevalent behaviour at work and beyond. The question is ‘what’ is the degree of influence of commitment to religious practices? This paper explores the relationship between the dominant religion and management practices in paying particular attention to Arab Islamic culture and employees’ effectiveness. This is an important sector to study, as it plays a key role in supporting societies and is arguably the most important service sector affecting the Jordanian economy. Data was analysed from managers, assistant managers, divisional heads, branch heads and other employees from five commercial banks in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan with a sample size of 174. Therefore, descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis and other statistical tests were utilised to test research hypotheses. The empirical results of the research show there is no statistically significant effect to Intention (Neyyah) and Justice Trust (Amana) on HR performance in the commercial banks in Jordan.

The Effect of Using the Smart Board in Developing 10th Grade Primary Pupils’ Achievement in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

The study aims to identify the effect of using the smart board on developing achievement for the 10 th -grade students in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The two researchers use two different research approaches, namely the descriptive analytical approach used to extrapolate the related literature on the independent variable and the dependent variable, and the experimental approach to measure the independent variable (The smart board). The study sample consists of the tenth elementary grade students randomly selected in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. They are distributed into two groups, the experimental group taught using an educational program based on the use of the smart board and a control group taught in the traditional method. The researchers have designed a 30-question achievement test in the second semester of the year 2018-2019. The results of the study show that there is an effect on the use of smart board among the tenth-grade students in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan due to the excellence of the experimental group over its control group in the achievement test. Keywords : effect, smart board, achievement, 10 th grade DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-18-23 Publication date: June 30th 2020

The Role of the National Center for Security and Crisis Management in Limiting the Spread of the Coronavirus in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan a Study from the Perspective of Experts in Crisis Management

The Role of the National Center for Security and Crisis Management in Limiting the Spread of the Coronavirus in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan a Study from the Perspective of Experts in Crisis Management

Conformal bridge between asymptotic freedom and confinement

We construct a nonunitary transformation that relates a given "asymptotically free" conformal quantum mechanical system $H_f$ with its confined, harmonically trapped version $H_c$. In our construction, Jordan states corresponding to the zero eigenvalue of $H_f$, as well as its eigenstates and Gaussian packets are mapped into the eigenstates, coherent states and squeezed states of $H_c$, respectively. The transformation is an automorphism of the conformal $\mathfrak{sl}(2,{\mathbb R})$ algebra of the nature of the fourth-order root of the identity transformation, to which a complex canonical transformation corresponds on the classical level being the fourth-order root of the spatial reflection. We investigate the one- and two-dimensional examples that reveal, in particular, a curious relation between the two-dimensional free particle and the Landau problem.

Making mansaf: the interplay of identity and political economy in Jordan's ‘national dish’

ABSTRACT In Jordan mansaf has become a national symbol, consumed on major social occasions, served in various forms to tourists and visitors, and imbued with a set of historical and socio-cultural associations. Across historical Syria (Bilād ash-Shām) and northern Arabia dishes similar to what is now considered mansaf have been made and consumed in different historical contexts and have often been linked with ideas of hospitality and protection given to guests and strangers, whose alterity is negotiated and incorporated through the sharing of food. In Jordan particularly, the image of a ‘Bedouin’ feast dish of domestically produced pastoralist ingredients carries a rich symbology of hospitality and welcome, resonant of imagined historical continuities and a shared cultural heritage. This lends the modern ‘national dish’ symbolic power as a tool of nation-building in the fraught and complex environment of modern Jordan, where many claimed identities and solidarities coincide and compete. Far from being a timeless or unchanged relic of an imagined pre-modern desert life, mansaf, its ingredients and the way it is made, served, eaten and deployed have emerged out of a particular set of historical contingencies and are tied closely to projects of identity formation and state-building within the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Focusing on this historical constructed-ness and changing practices of making, serving and talking about mansaf, as well as the social relations it reflects, enacts and (re)produces, this article seeks to use the dish as a lens to examine questions of changing political economy and sociality in Jordan.

The Degree of Achieving Development Standards Indicators among Kindergarteners from Parents’ Point of View

The objective of this study was to uncover the degree of achieving development standards indicators among kindergarteners from parents’ point of view. Descriptive- analytical approach was used, where the researcher used a questionnaire to collect data. It contained 2 demographic variables, which are the mother’s level of education and the child’s ordinal position and it had 67 questions. The study population consisted of a random sample of 100 parents only. The results showed that kindergarteners achieved the development standards of the Jordanian child at a high degree. It also showed that there statistically significant differences at 0.05≤α of the degree of achieving development standards indicators among kindergarteners from parents’ point of view due to the variables of the mother’s level of education and the child’s ordinal position. The current study recommends going beyond the kindergarten scope and researches on elementary students from across the entire Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan as a follow-up to this research’s findings. kindergartens in Amman will benefit from this study and it would motivate kindergartens teachers in Jordan to focus equally on development standards. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.19.3.23

Using HealthMap to Analyse Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Data.

In this paper, a web-based disease surveillance platform known as HealthMap is used to retrieve and analyze data pertaining to the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) within the geographical confinements of the Arab World and North African countries. An account was opened with HealthMap to gain access to data related to MERS for the time-period 9 September 2015 to 7 March 2015. HealthMap accumulates and assesses outbreak data from a range of sources, this includes news media (Google News (Arabic)), validated official alerts (WHO) and expert-curated accounts (ProMED). Search terms "MERS" and "Coronavirus" were used to search HealthMap for relevant alerts pertaining to MERS. The search terms were geographically limited to the Arab World and North African countries. Our results show that the prevalence of MERS still remains to be the highest in Saudi Arabia, however, between 9 September 2015 and 7 March 2015 there has been a slight overall trend in decreasing number of MERS related alerts within Saudi Arabia and the Arab world. All countries other than Saudi Arabia such as, UAE, Tunisia, Qatar, Oman, Lebanon, Kuwait, Jordan and Egypt together amounted for only 25.6% (n=214) of total MERS alerts (n=837). Our findings show that the rise in the aggregated contribution of internet based participatory surveillance systems for tracking non-communicable diseases such as MERS has aided in improving the accuracy, sensitivity and timeliness for monitoring disease outbreaks. Use of resources such as HealthMap can aid in the timely assessment of risk factors, vaccination development initiatives, prevention strategies and measured allocation of healthcare resources while running at a low cost with greater flexibility and increased scalability compared to isolated diseases surveillance systems.

EVALUATION OF FEMALE STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD THE VALUE OF CITIZENSHIP FOR THE EIGHTH-GRADE BOOK OF NATIONAL AND CIVIC EDUCATION IN THE GOVERNORATE OF AJLOUN

The paper is an attempt to evaluate female students’ attitudes towards the value of citizenship in the book of national and civic education in Jordan. It is mainly built on the key issues surrounding the book of national and civic education. The study aims to identify female students’ attitudes towards citizenship values for the eighth-grade book of national and civic education. The study population consists of (120) eighth-grade students at Anjara Elementary Girls School. They were selected by a simple random method. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a study tool consisting of (37) items was developed, divided into two areas, values towards women and society, religious, moral and social values, and then applying pre- and post-test for control and experimental sample. The results of the study showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the average performance of female students in the experimental and control groups on the scale of students' attitudes towards the post values of citizenship traced to the teaching of national and civic education book in favor of the experimental group. The study recommended that the values of citizenship in the national and civic education book for secondary schools needs to be developed in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to measure the impact of female student attitudes toward it.