Guangdong University Research Articles

The effects of childhood trauma and moral disengagement on the trait of callousness in college students

This study explores the role of moral disengagement in the relationship between childhood trauma and callousness traits among adolescents, aiming to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and intervention of callousness traits among college students. A total of 865 students from three universities in Guangdong and Henan provinces were surveyed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the moral disengagement Questionnaire, and the Inventory of callousness traits. The SPSS 19.0 software was utilized to construct a structural equation model elucidating the relationships among moral disengagement, childhood trauma, and callousness traits. The results indicated significant positive correlations among childhood trauma, moral disengagement, and callousness traits. Childhood trauma significantly predicted both moral disengagement and callousness traits, and moral disengagement significantly predicted callousness traits. Additionally, moral disengagement mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and callousness traits. Childhood trauma and moral disengagement emerged as risk factors for callousness traits, suggesting that reducing moral disengagement among individuals with childhood trauma could alleviate their callousness traits.

Talent Development Practices and Exploration for Cross-Border E-commerce in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

In response to the economic development and growing demand for talent in cross-border e-commerce within the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Cross-Border E-commerce Industry College at Guangdong University of Science and Technology has undertaken several initiatives. These include optimizing professional focus and curriculum design, enhancing faculty development, prioritizing practical teaching both on and off-campus, and improving assessment quality. By promoting collaborative education between academia and industry, the college aims to cultivate competitive, versatile talents in cross-border e-commerce. This practice serves as a valuable reference for reforming the talent development model in the Bay Area's cross-border e-commerce sector.

Exploring the Relationship of Transformational Leadership on Teaching Effectiveness and Commitment Towards Teachers’ Empowerment Program

This study aims to assess how transformational leadership influences teaching effectiveness and commitment, with a focus on accounting teachers. It seeks to determine how these leadership traits impact teaching and commitment, leading to the design of an empowerment program to foster high performance and overall school success.The researcher used a descriptive correlational research design utilizing a quantitative research method and utilized 86 accounting teachers of any of the following universities and colleges such Dongguan University of Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou Xinhua College, and Dongguan City College in Cbina. The findings indicate that transformational leadership significantly enhances teaching effectiveness and commitment among accounting teachers, particularly in areas related to student outcomes. However, while it positively influences commitment to students, there is a need for targeted programs to further strengthen commitment to the profession and subject matter, incorporating professional development and mentorship initiatives.

A lightweight detection algorithm for tooth cracks in optical images

ObjectivesCracked tooth syndrome (CTS) is one of the major causes of tooth loss, presents the problem of early microcrack symptoms that are difficult to distinguish. This paper aims to investigate the practicality and feasibility of an improved object detection algorithm for automatically detecting cracks in dental optical images. MethodsA total of 286 teeth were obtained from Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong University of Technology, and simulated cracks were generated using thermal expansion and contraction. Over 3000 images of cracked teeth were collected, including 360 real clinical images. To make the model more lightweight and better suited for deployment on embedded devices, this paper improves the YOLOv8 model for detecting tooth cracks through model pruning and backbone replacement. Additionally, the impact of image enhancement modules and coordinate attention modules on optimizing our model was analyzed. ResultsThrough experimental validation, we conclude that that model pruning reduction maintains performance better than replacing a lightweight backbone network on a tooth crack detection task. This approach achieved a reduction in parameters and GFLOPs by 16.8 % and 24.3 %, respectively, with minimal impact on performance. These results affirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in identifying and labeling tooth fractures. In addition, this paper demonstrated that the impact of image enhancement modules and coordinate attention mechanisms on YOLOv8's performance in the task of tooth crack detection was minimal. ConclusionsAn improved object detection algorithm has been proposed to reduce model parameters. This lightweight model is easier to deploy and holds potential for assisting dentists in identifying cracks on tooth surfaces.

Development of Sand Court Training Program to Enhance Physical Fitness and Skills in Novice Badminton

Background and Aims: The creation of a sand court training program presents a special chance for inexperienced badminton players to improve their abilities and physical condition. Because sand offers resistance, players must move and footwork with more effort, which increases their agility and endurance. The uneven surface also forces players to hone their technique, which improves balance and coordination—two skills necessary for winning the game. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of sand court training programs on the physical fitness and skills of novice badminton students, particularly in comparison to traditional synthetic court training. Methodology: The sample group consisted of 10 first-year students from Guangdong University of Business Studies, comprising 5 males and 5 females, all of whom had no prior experience in badminton training. Purposive sampling was employed to ensure participants had consistent backgrounds in badminton skill training. The primary tool utilized in this study was a sand court badminton training plan designed by experts, rather than questionnaire surveys. T-test statistical analysis was employed to analyze participants' physical fitness and skill test results before and after the training. Results: After 8 weeks of sand court training, participants showed significant improvements in both physical fitness (including balance, endurance, explosiveness, flexibility, and speed) and badminton skills (including serving accuracy, smashing accuracy, blocking accuracy, footwork, and defense). In comparison to traditional synthetic court training, sand court training provided participants with more challenges and better training outcomes. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that sand court training effectively enhances the physical fitness and badminton skills of beginners. Therefore, compared to traditional synthetic court training, sand court training offers superior training effects, providing a new perspective on badminton training methods and highlighting the potential value of incorporating sand court training into training programs.

The Application of Mobile Blended Learning in Piano Instruction for Non-Piano Major Students at Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

The Application of Mobile Blended Learning in Piano Instruction for Non-Piano Major Students at Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Social Science Studies, Vol. 12, No. 4

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 4Fahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyJibrin Ubale Yahaya, National Open University of Nigeria NOUN, NigeriaK.O. Aramide, The Polytechnic Ibadan, NigeriaLingkai Kong, Izmir University of Economics, TurkeyMartial Fanga, The University of Religions and Denominations, Qom, IranMd. Nasir Uddin, Prime Minister’s Office, BangladeshNAZIAH ABD. KADIR, Universiti Selangor, MalaysiaPeriyasami Anbarasan, Indian Institute of technology Delhi, IndiaSana Ali, Allama Iqbal Open University, Pakistan, and Birmingham City University, United Kingdom, PakistanShaoshu Li, Cornell University, USASusheelabai Srinivasa, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, United StatesYuhan WANG, Guangdong University of Technology, ChinaYusramizza Md Isa, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com

Feasibility Analysis of the Integration of Guangdong Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) Mechanism and University Talent Resources

In recent years, online dispute resolution mechanisms have penetrated people's lives with the development of the Internet. Online dispute resolution mechanism not only efficiently solves the disputes of various contradictions of the parties, but also greatly alleviate the pressure of the court due to the lack of judicial resources and high cost, at the same time, the online dispute resolution platform is also faced with the dilemma of the lack of high-quality mediation talents. This paper mainly analyses the feasibility of the introduction of local university human resources into the Guangzhou ODR online dispute resolution platform by the local judicial department according to the development and operation status of the ODR online dispute resolution service platform in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, and provides a feasible reference plan to alleviate the current situation of the lack of talents in China's online dispute resolution platform.

Exploration and Practice of Talent Cultivation Model for Virtual Reality Technology Application Based on the Integration of Learning and Training

With the rapid development and widespread application of virtual reality technology, vocational colleges are facing new challenges and opportunities in cultivating virtual reality talents with professional skills and innovative abilities that can adapt well to market demands. This article aims to explore and practice a virtual reality technology application talent training model based on integrating learning and training with the educational characteristics of the Guangdong University of Posts and Telecommunications. This model integrates the teaching resources of the college, practical opportunities for enterprise and industry training needs to build a practical-oriented curriculum system [1], integrating theoretical learning, skill training, and innovative practice to form an integrated educational environment. The study first analyzes the current situation of talent demand in the virtual reality industry and the current situation of higher vocational education. Then, it elaborates on the necessity and feasibility of integrating learning and training. Next, it provides a detailed introduction to the construction process and implementation strategies of the talent training model of integrating learning and training. Finally, the practical effects are evaluated and summarized, and a conclusion is drawn and prospects for the future are presented. The practical results show that the integration of learning and training effectively shortens the distance between teaching and market demand, significantly enhances students’ professional skills and employment competitiveness, and provides new ideas and paths for the cultivation of virtual reality professionals in vocational colleges [2]. The research results of this article have certain theoretical and practical significance for promoting the reform and development of virtual reality technology education and cultivating high-quality technical and skilled talents that meet the needs of the industry.

A framework for transformational leadership to enhance teacher's work performance.

In the new era of higher education focusing on "double first-class" development, private universities in China face significant opportunities and challenges. The success of these institutions is closely linked to effective leadership, particularly transformational leadership, which is known to inspire and motivate employees toward extraordinary achievements. This study explores the existence and impact of transformational leadership on teachers' work performance in Chinese private universities. It aims to fill a research gap regarding the role of transformational leadership in a resource-constrained environment and provide practical insights for enhancing teachers' work performance, thereby contributing to the rapid development of private universities and the realization of "double first-class" goals. This study employed an input-process-output approach, combining qualitative data from face-to-face interviews with 12 leaders at Guangdong University of Science and Technology and quantitative data from an electronic survey of 392 university teachers. Data were analyzed using SPSS26.0, AMOS24.0, and NVIVO14, including exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, common method bias assessment, and correlation analysis. Structural equation modeling with AMOS24.0 was used to explore the relationship between transformational leadership and teachers' work performance, evaluating the impact of each transformational leadership dimension. The study findings demonstrated that transformational leadership styles are being employed in Chinese private universities, albeit not extensively, with moderate effects on teachers' work performance. The research identified organizational vision, intellectual stimulation, and personal recognition as significant drivers of enhanced performance among faculty members. Nevertheless, the study did not confirm the impact of supportive leadership, inspiring communication, and moral modeling within the context of Chinese private universities. The results highlight areas for potential development in leadership practices, including improving teachers' competencies, motivating teachers, providing good work opportunities and environments, and building good teacher teams.

Coaches Behaviour Towards Motivational Climate and Performance Satisfaction of College Volleyball Players in Guangdong China

Coaches plays a significant role on how an athlete behave, perform and act. Each coach utilizes different method and approach in coaching which describe their coaching behaviour. Coaching behavior represents the personal characteristics and attitudes of the coaches. The impact of coaching behaviour has been an extensive topic of study in sports psychology where continuous arguments on how coaching behaviour affects motivational climate and performance of the athletes. Therefore, the researcher in this study deemed to bridge the knowledge gap through identifying the impact of coaching behaviour, motivational climate and performance satisfaction of the climate and performance satisfaction of college volleyball players in Guangdong, China. In conducting the study, the researcher employed descriptive correlational design. Two hundred collegiate volleyball players in selected universities in Guangdong, Chine were selected through stratified simple random sampling technique as respondents of the study. Validated self-made questionnaire was used as the main instrument of the study in describing coaching behaviour of the team coaches in terms of action, belief and attitude, motivational climate in terms of task/mastery and ego-oriented climate and performance satisfaction in terms of individual, team and coach’s performance. The data was analyzed through the use of Pearson r. The result of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the coaching and the motivational climate within the team as perceived by the respondents. Furthermore, coaching behaviour is significantly related to performance satisfaction in terms of individual, team and coach’s performance. Finally, the study formulated a proposed program of action to better enhance the coaching behaviour of the volleyball team coaches.

The Effects of Crossfit Training Program on Promoting Physical Fitness Towards a Training Program for Guangdong University Basketball League Players

In this paper, 20 basketball players from each of the three universities who participated in the Guangdong University Basketball League, total 60 persons, were used as experimental subjects. Each university was divided into an experimental group of 10 players and a control group of 10 players for a 12-week comparison experiment. The experimental group was trained using CrossFit program and the control group was trained using traditional physical training methods. The six indexes of body shape, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and agility were taken as the physical fitness evaluation indexes, and the corresponding test items were body fat percentage, standing long jump, bench press, squat, deadliftl, 3/4 full-court sprint run, 15×17 folding run, 3000 meters run, seated body flexion, and T-word agility test, a total of 10 test items. The data collected before and after the 12 weeks of training were statistically and analytically analysed through the use of EXCEL and SPSS26.0 software. To explore the effects of CrossFit training on athletes' physical fitness relative to traditional physical training. The purpose of the study is to combine CrossFit training with the characteristics of basketball, arrange and design a targeted training program, and help athletes of the Guangdong University Basketball League to improve their physical fitness and performance on the basketball court through scientific training means and methods. Conclusion: Before the CrossFit training program, there is no significant difference in the physical fitness index scores of body shape, strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and sensitivity between the control group and the experimental group, There is no significant difference between the physical status of the control group and the experimental group before the CrossFit training program; After the CrossFit training program, there are significant differences between the control group and the experimental group in terms of body shape, strength, speed, endurance. There were no significant differences in flexibility and sensitivity, but the experimental group improved more than the control group. There is a significant difference between the physical status of the control group and the experimental group after the CrossFit training program; There is no significant difference in the physical status of the control group before and after the experiment. There is a significant difference in the physical status of the experimental group before and after CrossFit training. CrossFit training program is more suitable for improving the physical fitness of college basketball players in Guangdong Province.

Influencing Factors of the Orienteering Team of Coaches in Selected Universities in Guangdong Province, China

Orienteering has its origins in early field military activity in Sweden. Hong Kong, China is the first region in China to come into contact with orienteering. In 1983, the Chinese People's Liberation Army Sports Institute held the "Orienteering Experimental Competition" in the Baiyun Mountain Scenic Area of Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, which opened the prelude to the development of orienteering in China. Orienteering is a representative high-level comprehensive sports event for college students in Guangdong Province, China, with the sports teams participating in the Guangdong University Games and the Guangdong University Orienteering Championship from 2018 to 2022. Among them, the China Guangdong University Games (held every three years in 2019 and 2022 respectively), the China Guangdong University Student Orienteering Championship (held once a year), combined with the statistics of the registration list of the events in the past five years, a total of 84 universities participated in the China Guangdong University Games and the China Guangdong University Student Orienteering Championship. This study has certain scope and limitations in formulating the research plan and direction. Firstly, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of orienteering teams in colleges and universities in Guangdong Province. The main objective is to verify the influence of sports human resources, sports facilities resources, physical education teaching resources and sports training resources on the development of orienteering teams in Guangdong Province, China. Questionnaires were distributed and collected in this study. A total of 84 universities participated in the above 6 orientation activities for college students in Guangdong Province, and 5 representative universities were selected as research objects. Among them, four orienteering teams with the university as the research object have achieved good results in the competition and have been established for a long time, and the other university is a place where researchers work. One coach and four athletes per university. Respondents felt that different resources had a strong sense of identity with the impact of orienteering on Guangdong University in China. There was no significant difference between the self-efficacy level of the respondents and the impact of orienteering on Guangdong University, China, and there was no direct relationship between the two resources. According to the results of the study, a framework for strengthening orienteering in universities in Guangdong Province can be developed to improve the level of orienteering strength in universities in Guangdong Province, China.

Green Entrepreneurship Integration in Maoming City’s Universities Curriculum

Nowadays, petrochemical cities are all facing environmental problems, which is also a problem that Maoming, Guangdong Province, China, has been trying to solve. Maoming is a key petrochemical city in Guangdong Province, and solving environmental problems is a necessary measure to develop an economic model in the future. Maoming has unique conditions there are three colleges in Maoming City, such as Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Guangdong Maoming Preschool Normal College, and Guangdong Maoming Agriculture & Forestry Technical College. The current research strategy involves combining green development with university students’ research topics and integrating development into these research topics. Through the output of some problems, corresponding feedback can be obtained and solutions can be made.

Instructor’s Research Capabilities in A Government University in Guangdong Province

This research will determine the capabilities of the instructors of Guangdong University of Science and Technology. Through research, the academic administrator and instructor enhances and develops his or her own research capability level by joining and attending different training and development- thus, her strength. This workshop session involves sampling methods for qualitative and quantitative researches. It is for the researchers to select the most appropriate number of participants. Now that the researchers know the number of participants needed, making data collection instruments and disseminating it is the following stage. The instructors' unanimous agreement on their strength in writing the concept paper reflects a shared competency that extends beyond individual capabilities. It indicates a collective proficiency in navigating the complexities of research conceptualization. The instructors' unanimous agreement on their strength in writing the data gathering procedure reflects a robust and comprehensive expertise in the research process.

Study on the Educational Function of Campus Culture in Universities

Currently, China is facing complex challenges of multiple transformations, including but not limited to social structural changes, international globalization, and deepening reforms of the education system. These factors not only provide unprecedented opportunities for the construction of campus culture in universities, but also bring considerable pressure and problems to various aspects of campus culture, such as material culture, spiritual culture, and institutional culture. For example, some universities have confusion and ambiguity in their values and ethical choices, which limits the further optimization and development of campus culture. Therefore, how to strengthen the cultural attributes of university campuses in the new era has become a problem that must be seriously addressed. Using scientific methods to guide and provide direction for cultural construction activities to enter the campus has become an urgent issue for China's education and cultural development. How to improve its effectiveness and influence has also become a pressing issue. Based on this topic, this article adopts moral education theory, cultural education theory, and contemporary Chinese cultural education theory as the theoretical foundation, combined with the case study of Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, analyzes the current cultural phenomena and construction progress on university campuses through questionnaire survey method, analyzes and grasps their existing problems, and interprets the causes of their problems from multiple perspectives, aiming to provide more comprehensive and systematic solutions for the construction of university campus culture.

Preface

The purpose of the three-day 2023 2nd International Conference on Acoustics, Fluid Mechanics and Engineering (AFME 2023), held during November 17th to 19th, 2023 in Nanjing, China, was to create a timely forum for multi-disciplinary discussions related to the recent developments on acoustics, fluid mechanics and engineering.Highly eventful program of the Conference, the list of well-established organizations-participants and devoted engagement of many colleagues throughout all the stages of the Conference preparation instill confidence in practical importance of mutual initiative. As usual, the program of the meeting mainly consisted of plenary speeches, invited speeches, oral presentations and poster presentations, discussing significant problems facing technologies related to areas of acoustics, fluid mechanics and engineering, proposing innovative ideas and approaches to solution of the problems, and considering new possibilities of application and development of cutting-edge technology.In the framework of experimental and theoretical approaches, the Conference gathered 150 delegates from all over the world and addressed a number of highly relevant aspects of acoustics, fluid mechanics and engineering. Covering topics on Acoustic Materials, Hydrodynamic Acoustics, Ultrasonics, Physical Chemical Hydrodynamics, Hydromechanical Hydrodynamics, Engineering Fluid Mechanics, etc., the selected contributions of this special issue provide guidance for future interdisciplinary developments. In this way, the multi-scale aspects of acoustics, fluid mechanics and engineering should be considered.We received various manuscripts of invited papers and other contributions presented at the Conference. All of these papers have gone through a rigorous peer review process and are collected in this volume. We would like to thank all the anonymous colleagues who have acted as referees to assess the suitability of the various articles for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series. We are confident that the high quality of both invited and contributed papers contained in this Proceedings will be appreciated by relevant communities.We would like to express our thanks to all the authors for their time and genuine contributions, and to the reviewers for their fruitful comments during the preparation of this volume. We also acknowledge the support provided in various ways by Guangdong University of Technology, Dalian Maritime University, School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, and University of Toronto.List of Committee Member is available in this pdf.

A new fault diagnosis of rolling bearing on FFT image coding and L-CNN

To address the problems of low diagnostic accuracy and slow diagnostic speed of the convolutional neural network (CNN) fault diagnosis method in rolling bearing diagnosis, a new rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) image coding and lightweight-CNN (L-CNN) is proposed. The method is mainly divided into three stages: firstly, the original signal is reconstructed by noise reduction using a joint noise reduction method of complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise, permutation entropy, and wavelet threshold denoise; then, the frequency spectra and phase spectra feature fusion data of the noise-reduced and reconstructed bearing vibration signals are obtained by FFT, the feature fusion data are encoded into a heat map, and the image coding data-set is fed into an improved L-CNN for fault diagnosis. Experiments were carried out using the Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology bearing fault data-set and the Case Western Reserve University bearing fault data-set with diagnostic accuracies of 98.75% and 99%, respectively. The results demonstrate that the method can effectively classify bearing fault vibration signals with the advantages of a fast diagnosis, high accuracy, and good generalization ability.

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Social Science Studies, Vol. 12, No. 2

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 12, Number 2Aurora Pestaño, University of San Jose Recoletos (USJR), PhilippinesDorela Kacauni, “Fan S. Noli” University, Korҫa, AlbaniaFahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyJehu Onyekwere Nnaji, University of Naples II,Italy and Globe Visions Network Italy, ItalyKun Yu, Universiti Putra Malaysia, ChinaMd. Nasir Uddin, Prime Minister’s Office, BangladeshSana Ali, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, PakistanYuhan WANG, Guangdong University of Technology, China James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com

Knowledge and Participation of Physical Education Teachers in the Official Sports Events

21st century teachers are expected to develop 21st century competencies in students in more diverse classrooms, while increasing the study of teaching and learning. Teachers must update their teaching techniques, adopt creative teaching methods, and mobilize multiple sources of information to achieve this goal. In this paper, 150 teachers from Guangdong University of Science and Technology (GUT), Guangdong Foreign Studies University (GUFS) and Guangdong Institute of Science and Technology (GDPST) were evaluated by using literature, expert interviews, questionnaire and mathematical statistics to evaluate their knowledge in physical education teaching, including their physical education teaching experience, contact with students and their knowledge The ability to integrate teaching technology. This will further determine the level of teachers' participation in official sporting events, including their willingness, athletic skills and the impact of participation. The main conclusions of the study are as follows:1. The sample used in the study was primarily composed of teachers that were aged 25-29 years old and were mostly female. Their teaching experience ranged from 10 years and above, making the sample have a large population of well-experienced educators. Lastly, during sports events, these teachers would mostly have the role of being officials when participating. 2.For teaching knowledge, the respondents showed to have agreeable positive responses in all fields of experience, engagement, and technology. Although, the knowledge on technology scored the highest, indicating that the respondents had more knowledge in using this when participating in sports events. 3.The assessments showed no significant relationship in the teachers’ knowledge in teaching sports when compared to the different demographic factors assessed. 4.For teachers’ participation in sports events, there was a fairly agreeable positive assessment for the overall analysis. Although when looking at the indicators individually, only the impacts from participation scored positively, making this a strong indicator in the teachers’ participation. On the other hand, willingness and skills scored poorly, indicating the need to improve these two areas.5. The assessments showed no significant relationship in the teachers’ participation in sports when compared to the different demographic factors assessed. 6.Lastly, a positive correlation was found only between the teachers’ engagement and the teachers’ impacts from participation, confirming that these two indicators are linked and affect one another in the study.