Growth Of Broccoli Research Articles

Pengaruh BAP (Benzyl Amino Purine) Pada Pertumbuhan Brokoli Hibrida (Brassica oleracea Var. Valencia) Dan Kandungan Sulforafan Pada Kultur In vitro

This study aimed to determine the effect of BAP on the growth of hybrid broccoli and the synthesis of sulforaphane content grown on MS media. Observations were made for 2 weeks, namely on the first day after planting until the 14th day after planting. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and was repeated 9 times. The results showed that on the first day after planting the hybrid broccoli had germinated. It was found that the highest Broccoli sprout height in the treatment without BAP (Control) was 8.82cm, the highest weight of Broccoli sprouts in the treatment without BAP (Control) was 0.17g, and the highest sulforaphane content in the 1 ppm BAP treatment was 6.56µg/g.

Foliar-sprayed calcium-tryptophan mediated improvement in physio-biochemical attributes and nutritional profile of salt stressed Brassica oleracea var. italica

Chelated mineral supplements are a combination of minerals with amino acids (AAs), putatively more efficient as fertilizers, especially for enhancing nutrient absorption. This study aimed at investigating the efficacy of foliar-applied calcium (Ca) and its complex with tryptophan to improve the vegetative growth, biochemical attributes and nutritional value of salt stressed broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) plants. Treatments comprised of 2 mM Ca [as CaCl2], tryptophan 1% [Trp] and Ca-chelated with tryptophan 1% [Ca-Trp] at four salinity stress levels, i.e., S1 [0 mM NaCl], S2 [50 mM NaCl], S3 [100 mM NaCl] and S4 [150 mM NaCl]. With increasing salinity, growth indices decreased, however a significant improvement was witnessed under Ca-Trp-treatment for S2 and S3 levels. Coherently, leaf nitrogen (N) concentration was higher than urea and nitrate (NO3), with S1 and S2 displaying comparatively higher N levels than S3 and S4. Both Ca-Trp and tryptophan alone slightly increased nitrate reductase (NR) activity under non-saline treatment, while an inversely proportional relation between NO3 and NR was found in S2 and S4. Chlorophyll index values, internal CO2 of stomata and photosynthesis enhanced under Ca-Trp with increasing salinity levels (from S2 to S3) when compared to control plants. As opposed to Ca-Trp, the highest abscisic acid contents were seen in S3xTrp followed by S4 × Ca. The stress indices increased with increasing salinity, especially under alone Ca and Trp-treatments; moreover, growth attributes thrived in the absence of salinity, particularly under Ca-Trp. Enrichment of glucobrassicin and progoitrin amino acids represented improved nutritional characteristics of broccoli, which increased in low salinity levels with Ca-Trp application. It is, therefore advisable to apply Ca-tryptophan chelate to broccoli plants under low (S2) and moderate (S3) salt stress for a burgeoning effect and enhanced nutritional value.

Effect of Additional Boron Fertilization on Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck)

Effect of Additional Boron Fertilization on Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck)

Effect of LED lights on the growth, nutritional quality and glucosinolate content of broccoli, cabbage and radish microgreens

In this study, the effects of red (R), blue (B) and far-red (FR) LED lights and their combination (R + B, R + FR, B + FR, R + B + FR) together with white (W) LED light as control, on the growth, nutritional quality and the glucosinolates of brassica microgreens were determined. Fresh and dry weights were increased with W, R, R + FR lights in broccoli and cabbage and with the R + B + FR and B + FR in radish microgreens. Soluble solids content (SSC) (%) was highest with W, R and B lights in broccoli and cabbage. The highest titratable acidity (TA) (%) was determined with B, FR, R + FR, B + FR in broccoli and W, R + FR, R + B in cabbage. In radish, lower TA was determined. In broccoli microgreens, glucoraphanin content and total GSLs were increased with B light whereas in cabbage, the combination of R + B revealed the highest aliphatics, In radish, glucoraphenin was highest in B light and the glucoraphasatin in R, FR, R + FR and B lights.

DETERMINE THE MOST APPROPRIATE DATE FOR PLANTING BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEAE L. VAR. ITALICA) SEEDS IN NINEVEH GOVERNORATE

The experiment was carried out in the vegetable field of Horticulture and Landscape Department / College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul, during the 2020- 2021 season, to study the effect of five planting dates (1/8, 10/8, 15/8, 20/8 and 1/9) on vegetative growth and yield of broccoli (Matsuri) variety. The study was carried out in a simple experiment in a randomized complete block design(R.C.B.D), with three replications. The results showed that the second planting date (10 /8) recorded the highest values in chlorophyll content in leaves, Plant height, number of leaves per plant, and leaf area with a significant differences compared to the rest planting dates. Regarding to the yield traits, also the second planting date (10 /8) recorded the highest values in average weight of main curds, total yield of main curds, number of secondary curds, average weight of secondary curds, main curd circumference, plant and total yield of secondary curds, plant and total yield of main and secondary curds. Plants of the second and third planting dates showed a significant decrease in the number of days needed to form the main curds in comparison with the plants of the other planting dates, while the number of days needed to ripen 20% of the main curds was significantly reduced in the case of plants grown in the second and third dates compared to the plants grown in the first and fourth dates

Effect of Compost and Synthetic Fertilizer on Soil Fertility, Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Broccoli Crop in Arid Region of Morocco

Background: Soils in arid regions like Morocco are becoming increasingly degraded and polluted because of the high use of synthetic chemical fertilizers linked to population growth. Organic fertilizers such as compost remain a good alternative to improve soil quality and crop yields. Broccoli is a crop that is beginning to develop in Morocco. It is very nitrogen demanding crop; therefore, it is necessary to know nitrogen use efficiency in broccoli. Methods: In this field experimental conducted during 2015 at the horticultural complex of Agadir - Agronomy and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, different treatments were tested on broccoli as follows:TC8t/ha: compost, 8 t/ha (equivalent 200 kgN /ha), TC12t/ha: compost, 12 t/ha (equivalent 300 kg N /ha), TSYN: Synthetic chemical fertilizer (200kg N/ha), TC+SYN: 50% compost, 4t/ha+50% Synthetic fertilizer (equivalent 200 kg N/ha) and T0: control, in order to optimize nitrogen use efficiency of compost and synthetic fertilizer. Result: Our research showed that the combination of compost and synthetic fertilizer: TC+SYN improved the growth and yield parameters of broccoli; the best main head yield of broccoli was 13.5 t/ha for TC+SYN. Compost improved the chemical properties of soil. Total N content was 266 kg/ha for TC+SYN, 253 kg/ha for TSYN, 244 kg/ha for TC8 t/ha and 234 kg/ha forTC12 t/ha. For Nitrogen use efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency (ARE) was higher with TSYN: 0.91 followed by TC+SYN: 0.88 followed by TC8t/ha with 0.77and T C12 t/ha: 0.48.

PERFORMANCE OF VEGETABLE CROPPING AND EFFECTS ON SOIL PROPERTIES UNDER CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE MANAGEMENT IN SOUTHEASTEARN BRAZIL

Conservation Agriculture (CA) is based in principles of the minimum soil disturbance, preservation of organic mulch on soil surface and crop rotation. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the CA versus conventional tillage for tomato and broccoli cropping. The experimental treatments were two tillage method (no-tillage and conventional tillage) as the main plot and species of cover crops, legumes, grasses and a mix (legume + grass) as subplot. Soil properties and vegetable agronomic performance were assessment. No-tillage provided higher soil water content and increased soil fertility and higher soil mechanical resistance to penetration than conventional tillage. Broccoli growth and yield were impaired under no-tillage, while tomato had greater root length and similar yield compared to the conventional tillage. Regarding to the cover crops there was no difference on the experimental traits. Conservation Agriculture is recommended to increase soil fertility and soil water storage as well as for ensure sustainable vegetable production.

Effect of Different Levels of PSB and Organic Starter Solution on Growth and Yield of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.) c v. Lucky

The present investigation entitled “Effect of different levels of PSB and organic starter solution on growth and yield of Broccoli” was conducted in the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Science, Prayagraj (UP) During October 2021 to February 2022. The experiment was laid out in RBD with 9 treatments with 3 replications. The results revealed that 40ml/Plant PSB + 40ml/Plant Starter Solution TA41 (Diluted) performed the best in terms of days to Plant Height (30.56), Leaf length (46.86), Leaf width (16.71), Leaf Number (14.89), Days to initiation (49.5), Head weight (530 g), Head yield per plot (3.22 Kg), Head yield per hectare (14.6t/ha) and B: C Ratio (4.9). Therefore, 40 ml/Plant PSB + 40 ml/Plant Starter Solution TA41 (Diluted) is the best when compared to other treatments. As, the highest cost benefit ratio was observed in treatment 40 ml/Plant PSB + 40 ml/Plant Starter solution TA41 (Diluted) i.e., (4.9) which states that it is economically profitable compared to all other treatments.

Effect of Organic Manures and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleraceae var. italica L.) cv. Green Magic

The present investigation was carried out with title “Effect of organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of Broccoli (Brassica oleracear var. italica L.) cv.Green Magic” at the Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higgin bottom University of Agriculture Technology and Science, Prayagraj (UP) During October 2021 to February 2022. The experiment was laid out in RBD with 8 treatments with 3 replications. The results revealed that Treatment T6 (50% RDF+ 25% Vermicompost + 25% Poultry Manure) – performed the best in terms of days to Plant Height (55.17), No. of Leaves (21.25), Leaf width (18.76), leaf area (238.17), leaf area index (19.16), days to initiation (56.83), Head weight (308.33), Head yield per plot (3.03), Head yield per hectare (11.36), Head diameter (15.5), TSS Brix (13), Vitamin C (103.97), B:C Ratio (3.04:1). Therefore, the Treatment T6 (50% RDF + 25% Vermicompost + 25% Poultry Manure) is the best when compared to other treatments. As, the highest benefit costratio was observed in treatment T6 (50% RDF + 25% Vermicompost + 25% Poultry Manure) i.e., (3.04:1) which states that it is economically profitable compared to all other treatments.

Effect of levels of nitrogen with boron and zinc on growth of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae L. Var. italica) Cv. Phule Ganesh

Effect of levels of nitrogen with boron and zinc on growth of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae L. Var. italica) Cv. Phule Ganesh

Effects of Vertical Smashing Rotary Tillage on Root Growth Characteristics and Yield of Broccoli

Most of the soils of the cultivated land in southern China are Ferralsols, which are easily deposited and hardened. To date, rotary tillage (RT) has been the major tillage system used in China. This tillage system results in a shallow soil pan, which reduces broccoli growth and yield. A two-year field experiment was conducted in the Central Zhejiang Basin, China, to compare the effects of vertical smashing rotary tillage (VSRT), RT, and vertical rotary tillage (VRT) on the soil properties, growth characteristics, and yield of broccoli. VSRT reduced the bulk density and penetration resistance of the 0–40 cm soil layer, and increased the soil water content of the 10–40 cm layer. Compared with RT and VRT, VSRT significantly promoted broccoli root length and increased broccoli root dry matter accumulation (DMA). VSRT significantly increased the DMA rate during the growth period, and the size of the broccoli florets was more uniform. In 2020, compared with RT and VRT, VSRT increased yields by 7.8% and 19.5%, respectively; while in 2021, the corresponding increases in yield due to VSRT were 24.8% and 40.5%. Therefore, VSRT, as a deep tillage method, can improve soil characteristics before planting broccoli and ultimately increase broccoli yield.

DETERMINE THE MOST APPROPRIATE DATE FOR PLANTING BROCCOLI (BRASSICA OLERACEAE L. VAR. ITALICA) SEEDS IN NINEVEH GOVERNORATE

The experiment was carried out in the vegetable field of Horticulture and Landscape Department / College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul, during the 2020-2021 season, to study the effect of five planting dates (1/8, 10/8, 15/8, 20/8 and 1/9) on vegetative growth and yield of broccoli (Matsuri) variety.The study was carried out in a simple experiment in a randomized complete block design(R.C.B.D), with three replications. The results showed that the second planting date (10 /8) recorded the highest values in chlorophyll content in leaves, Plant height, number of leaves per plant, and leaf area with a significant differences compared to the rest planting dates. Regarding to the yield traits, also the second planting date (10 /8) recorded the highest values in average weight of main curds, total yield of main curds, number of secondary curds, average weight of secondary curds, main curd circumference, plant and total yield of secondary curds, plant and total yield of main and secondary curds . Plants of the second and third planting dates showed a significant decrease in the number of days needed to form the main curds in comparison with the plants of the other planting dates , while the number of days needed to ripen 20% of the main curds was significantly reduced in the case of plants grown in the second and third dates compared to the plants grown in the first and fourth dates .

Evaluation of Plant-induced Electrical Signal and Growth of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) in Response to Urea Application in Soil

Evaluation of Plant-induced Electrical Signal and Growth of Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) in Response to Urea Application in Soil

Humic acid and potassium feldspar improve growth, yield and head quality of broccoli grown under saline water irrigation

An open field experiment was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 respectivly, at Badr City, El-Beheira, Egypt to study the effect of saline irrigation water on grwoth, yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleraceae L var. Italica) cultivar “Marathon” grown in sand soil. During soil preparation, soil was supplied with 2 ton of gypsum and 7.8 ton of compost/fed., in combination with 2 levels of potassium feldspar (141- 424 kg/fed.), to supplement sand soil with 100 and 130 unites of K2O. Three levels of humic acid (2, 4 and 6 L humic acid/fed.) were foliar sprayed after two weeks post transplanting at 10 days intervals. Plants were arranged in three replicates using randomized complete blocks design. Control was supplied with full NPK mineral fertilizers, as recommended, and irrigated with saline irrigation water. Our results show that saline water decreased growth, yield and quality of control broccoli plants in the two growing seasons. On the other hand, application of humic acid and organic soil amendments enhanced performance of broccoli plants grown under saline water.

Response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management

A field experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm, Nagaland University, Medziphema campus, Nagaland during rabi season of 2019-2020 to study the response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management.The 12 treatments were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Results revealed that application of different levels of fertilizes and organic manures either alone or in combination significantly increased the growth, yield and quality of broccoli as compared to control. Application of full dose of RDF exhibited maximum plant height (50.3 cm), number of leaves (18.2), stem diameter (20.7 mm), plant spread (69.2 cm), ascorbic acid content (60.9 mg 100-1 g), protein content in head (1.58%) and yield (8.20 t ha-1). However, these parameters were found statistically at par with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. There was a significant build up of organic carbon and available nutrients in post harvest soil with INM practices and maximum values of organic carbon (19.0 g kg-1), available P (20.9 kg ha-1) were recorded and available K (171.2 kg ha-1) with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. While maximum value of available nitrogen (221.6 kg ha-1) in post harvest soil was recorded with full dose of RDF as inorganics. The highest net return (Rs. 1,96,145.51)along with benefit: cost ratio (2.16) were recorded in full dose of RDF followed by poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF with net return of Rs.1,81220.35 and cost benefit ratio of 1.90.

Response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management

A field experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm, Nagaland University, Medziphema campus, Nagaland during rabi season of 2019-2020 to study the response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) to integrated nutrient management.The 12 treatments were evaluated in RBD with three replications. Results revealed that application of different levels of fertilizes and organic manures either alone or in combination significantly increased the growth, yield and quality of broccoli as compared to control. Application of full dose of RDF exhibited maximum plant height (50.3 cm), number of leaves (18.2), stem diameter (20.7 mm), plant spread (69.2 cm), ascorbic acid content (60.9 mg 100-1 g), protein content in head (1.58%) and yield (8.20 t ha-1). However, these parameters were found statistically at par with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. There was a significant build up of organic carbon and available nutrients in post harvest soil with INM practices and maximum values of organic carbon (19.0 g kg-1), available P (20.9 kg ha-1) were recorded and available K (171.2 kg ha-1) with poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF. While maximum value of available nitrogen (221.6 kg ha-1) in post harvest soil was recorded with full dose of RDF as inorganics. The highest net return (Rs. 1,96,145.51)along with benefit: cost ratio (2.16) were recorded in full dose of RDF followed by poultry manure 2.5 t ha-1 + ½ of RDF with net return of Rs.1,81220.35 and cost benefit ratio of 1.90.

​Efficient Utilization of Paddy Straw and Sugarcane Bagasse through Vermicomposting and its Impact on Growth, Yield and Quality of Broccoli [Brassica oleracea (var.) italica

Background: Broccoli [Brassica oleracea (var.) italica] is a cool season vegetable of family cruciferous, known as harigobi in Hindi. In modern agriculture, high doses of chemical fertilizers are used to maximize the crop production. Plenty of chemical fertilizers along with a small quantity of organic ones are being used to increase the yield which ultimately affects the health of soil. Due to excess use of chemical fertilizers a decline pattern is observed in soil fertility, therefore integrated nutrient management is an important demand of present era. Vermicompost application is an important forthcoming addition in this venture. Methods: The research material comprised of seven treatments with three replications. Treatments included FYM (T1), Chemical fertilizer (T2), Paddy straw vermicompost (T3), Sugarcane bagasse vermicompost (T4), Paddy straw+Sugarcane bagasse vermicompost (T5), Vermicompost+Vermiwash (T6) and control (T7). The experiment was conducted considering the growth and yield parameters along with quality parameters. Result: The results indicated that application of treatment T5 vermicompost was found to be the best treatment combination in terms of quality of broccoli. Thus, the study indicates that the vermicompost can be utilized effectively for sustainable crop production.

Foliar application of micronutrients improves the growth, yield, mineral contents, and nutritional quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.)

Broccoli is rich in vitamins, antioxidants, minerals, free from calories and fat necessary for a healthy life. The production of broccoli is poor as compared to the developed world because of different biotic and abiotic stress. The nutritional stress is increasing with the passage of time because of low soil fertility and numerous stresses occur in the root zone of plants which reduce the uptake of minerals. Therefore, the current study was conducted on the foliar application of Zn and B to enhance broccoli production with excellent nutritional properties important for human health. Foliar application of Zn + B increased the plant height, stem length, and diameter, number of leaves, leaf length and width, root fresh and dry weight, number of florets, head diameter, and weight, chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, nitrogen and potassium concentration in leaves and head. Stem length and diameter, number of leaves, leaf length and width, root length, number of florets, head diameter, chlorophyll a, phosphorus concentration in leaves and head, and potassium n head. So, the current study improved the growth, yield, and quality of broccoli under foliar application of Zn and B alone and their mixture. It has been concluded that the production and quality of broccoli are enhanced under foliar application of different micronutrients.

Effect of Fulvic Acid and Seaweed on the Growth and Yield of Broccoli

Effect of Fulvic Acid and Seaweed on the Growth and Yield of Broccoli

Effect of zeolite on the growth and yield of broccoli in the dry season

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) growth and yield are impacted in warmer climates, especially during the dry season. Broccoli gives low yield and quality although it is heat-tolerant cultivars. Zeolite is an organic material recognized as suitable for dry season plant growth because it can adsorb cations, nutrients and water and release on demand from the plant. Application of zeolite in the soil may improve broccoli growth and yield during the dry season. The trial preparation followed a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications involving five amounts of zeolite at 0, 1.56, 3.12, 4.68 and 6.24 t ha-1 using broccoli cultivar ‘Top Green’. Results showed that zeolite applications of 4.68 and 6.24 t ha-1 improved growth and yield parameters including plant width, stem diameter, time to 50% flowering and harvest, head diameter and head weight better than the other treatments. Application of zeolite at 6.24 t ha-1 gave high total broccoli yield of 8.45 t ha-1 but not significantly different (p?0.05) from 4.68 t ha-1 that gave 7.89 t ha-1. Results indicated that application of zeolite at 4.68 t ha-1 was optimal for reducing drought stress and enhancing effective growth and yield of broccoli.