Growth Centers Research Articles

КЛАСТЕРІЗАЦІЯ ТА ПОЛЯРИЗАЦІЯ МАЛОГО ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА ЯК ЗАПОРУКА ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЙОГО КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ В ЕКОНОМІЧНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of clustering and polarization of business entities in the economic space of communities. The article notes that the design of growth poles, and especially growth centers on the scale of the regional (territorial) economy, not only exists, but has also been proven in world practice in countries with different levels of socio-economic development. At the same time, the main result of the implementation of the cluster policy should be to increase the competitiveness of the enterprises participating in the cluster and the economy of the country as a whole. The article examines the meaning of the definitions "competitiveness", "polarized territorial structure", "cluster", etc. In particular, special attention is paid to ensuring the competitiveness of economic entities in the formation of mutual relations with the external environment. Clusters are considered as one of the effective forms of organizing the interaction of geographically interdependent enterprises-suppliers of equipment, specialized production services, infrastructure, logistics centers, research centers, institutions of higher education and other organizations in order to increase the competitiveness of economic entities and territories. The main systemic effects of cluster development, which have a significant impact on the economy of the territorial community, the region and the country, are highlighted separately. The article substantiates that at the center of the development of any polarized territorial structure, in particular, a cluster, there is always a certain industry that is a priority for this locality (territory). In turn, the determination of priority types of economic activity for a separate territory inevitably leads to the activation of the process of concentration of production around the selected industry, that is, polarized development of the territory. The article notes that the following problems may theoretically arise during the formation of new growth poles: the power of the innovative impulse may be directed not to those regions (territories) that need support, but to highly developed ones, to which the propulsive industries of the growth poles naturally gravitate; shortage of financial, labor and other resources may be acute.

Impact of Spread Effect on Public Market Place (Lambaro Aceh Besar)

Aceh Besar Regency is the primary access and entrance gate to the provincial capital, directly adjacent to the city of Banda Aceh. This proximity positions Aceh Besar as a buffer from the city. The strategic location and position make Aceh Besar an opportune area for rapid growth and development. Thus, developing these strategic areas will foster the emergence of growth centers (Growth Poles). This research aims to determine and analyze the impact of the spread effect on the public market between Aceh Besar Regency and Banda Aceh City as a potential sector that can encourage economic growth and have a spreading effect on the surrounding area. The analysis method employed in this research is a quantitative approach utilizing descriptive analysis. The results of the research show that the results of the gravity analysis of sub-districts in Aceh Besar Regency and Banda Aceh City show that Want Jaya Sub-district as the primary growth center has the greatest interaction value with Darul Imarah Sub-district. The last sub-district is one of the sub-districts in Aceh Besar Regency with an interaction value of 76,525,776,000. Furthermore, the largest interaction values after Darul Imarah District are Krueng Barona Jaya District and Montasik District with interaction values of 15,062,514,047 and 11,831,506,347 respectively.

The spatial pattern of Scirpus mariqueter expansion and the associated mechanism of self-organization using unmanned aerial vehicles and its significance for coastal wetland restoration.

Understanding the spatial expansion process of salt marshes and quantifying the factors driving this expansion are crucial for the management and restoration of coastal wetlands. In this study, we aimed to illustrate the expansion process of Scirpus mariqueter using drone remote sensing and quantify its relationship with habitat quality. Our hypothesis was that landscape metrics could serve as valuable indicators for prioritizing habitat restoration efforts along the coast. We utilized drone remote sensing and adopted the simple Greenness Index to reflect the growth status of S. mariqueter. Using this index, we computed the standard deviation ellipse and growth center. To evaluate habitat quality, we developed a method based on our previous research and other relevant reports. We then conducted a quantitative analysis of the expansion process of S. mariqueter in areas with varying habitat quality. We found that S. mariqueter's optimal elevation was 3.7m, with a range of 2.5 to 4.3m. The threshold value for soil total nitrogen was 0.3g/kg, and the tolerance threshold for soil salinity was 2500ppm. These three factors, elevation, soil total nitrogen, and soil salinity, collectively influenced habitat quality, with weights of 0.68, 0.23, and 0.09, respectively, as determined through geodetector analysis. During the summer, we observed a dominance of dispersal in S. mariqueter, with the species primarily spreading to areas with increased habitat quality. Patch shapes tended to be compact and regular in this season. In contrast, during the autumn, a dominance of decline was observed, with S. mariqueter mainly distributing to areas exhibiting decreased habitat quality. Patch shapes tended to be complex and irregular in the autumn season. Eventually micro-geomorphic modification and patch shape filling methods based on UAV observations are proposed to aid wetland restoration. These findings are of utmost importance for the restoration of coastal wetlands and the enhancement of ecosystem resilience.

Leading Sector and Growth Center Analysis to Minimizing Inequality in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province

A high economic growth in a region did not guarantee equitable prosperity. Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY) saw significant economic growth, but inequality problems persisted. This study sought to reduce inequality by identifying the growth center and the magnitude of the interaction between the growth center and the buffer areas of DIY Province so that development. It also examined the leading sectors of DIY's regencies and cities. This research utilized the Location Quotient (LQ) analysis method, shift-share analysis, overlay analysis, scalogram analysis, and gravity model analysis. The research findings indicated that each regency/city in DIY had a leading sector that grew faster, contributing to its regional economy and driving the development of other sectors. Different base sectors encouraged DIY regencies/cities to fill in each other's gaps. From 2020 to 2022, Sleman Regency was the growth center in the first hierarchy, and Yogyakarta City in the second. As a result, both regions had a role in encouraging the development of surrounding areas. On the other hand, the buffer area with the most significant interaction with the growth center was Bantul Regency, with an interaction value of 1,462,043,398 with Sleman Regency and 2,622,111,087 with Yogyakarta City. High interaction would enhance economic efficiency.

Typology Mapping of Small Border Islands in the Context of Optimizing the Role as a Center for Regional Growth and Environmental Supporting Capacity in Anambas Islands Regency

As an autonomous region consisting of a cluster of small islands in the northern border area of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, Anambas Islands Regency has a remote geographical location, inadequate transportation conditions, and limitations in providing infrastructure, especially basic service infrastructure. The implication of the role as an autonomous region, raises the existence of growth centers on a district scale and other scale growth centers along with economic activities in them on several existing small islands. The role as a growth center on small islands requires the continued provision of sufficient production and distribution resources to meet population consumption growth. The sustainability of the carrying capacity of the environment on the one hand is faced with the role and function of small border islands as regional growth centers that have the potential to develop in the future on the other hand. Based on these problems, it is necessary to map the typology of small islands in order to optimize the role as a center for regional growth and environmental carrying capacity in Anambas Islands Regency. By mapping the typology of small border islands, policy directions for sustainable regional development can be determined for each small border island.

Growth Centre Interaction through Gravity Model Approach using Geographic Information System

Inter-regional interaction in relation to the development of growth centres will be useful in seeing the development of a region in the future. This is because the development of a region is inseparable from the existence of growth centres that function as the starting point of regional development. The development of growth centres and their interactions can stimulate land use development, supporting infrastructure development, and future regional development. This research discusses and examines the process of the formation of growth centres in Maja Urban Area (MUA), Indonesia which is the study area and the regional interactions that occur there. This research is analysing the interaction between growth centre in MUA. This objective is achieved by analysing the urban service first. This research uses the scalogram method in determining the centre of urban growth and uses a gravity model approach assisted by ArcGIS application in assessing inter-regional interactions that occur. The results show that the largest regional interaction occurs between the growth centre of Maja and Curug Badak, which in this case falls into order 1 and 2.

Embryonic inhibition of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor induces enlarged cartilaginous zone of the midpalatal suture in postnatal mice.

The midpalatal suture acts as the growth centre of the maxilla. Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) is essential for osteoclastogenesis. Deletion of CSF1R, and its ligand, results in significant craniofacial phenotypes but has not been studied in detail in the midpalatal suture. Pregnant ICR mice were treated with the CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 at embryo Day 14.5 (E14.5) to E17.5. Pups at E18.5, postnatal Day 3 (P3) and P7 were collected for skeletal and histological staining. Osteoclasts were labelled using TRAP staining. PHH3 and TUNEL were employed to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis. Sox9, Ihh, and Col10a1 and Runx2, Col1a1, and DMP1 were used to detect chondrogenic differentiation and osteogenic differentiation, respectively. CD31, MMP9 and CTSK were utilized to assess vascular invasion and osteoclast secretion enzymes, respectively. Embryonic inhibition of CSF1R resulted in a depletion of TRAP-positive cells and an enlarged cartilage zone of the midpalatal suture of postnatal mice. Compared to those in the control group, Sox9, Ihh, Col10a1, Runx2 and Col1a1 were upregulated, whereas TUNEL and DMP1 were decreased in this zone. In the trabecular region, Col10a1 was upregulated, while TUNEL, Col1a1 and DMP1 were downregulated. Moreover, the expression of MMP9, CTSK and CD31 was decreased, and invasion into the cartilage zone was delayed. Embryonic inhibition of CSF1R led to an abnormally enlarged cartilaginous zone in the midpalatal suture, potentially due to delayed endochondral ossification caused by the depletion of osteoclasts. Additionally, we established a novel model of midpalatal suture dysplasia, offering prospects for future research.

Identification of Urban Centre and Rural Growth Centres Around Guwahati and Its Surrounding Rural Region Using Hierarchical Settlements, Nested Hexagons, Remote Sensing and GIS

Guwahati city is the highest order urban center of Assam and is an important gateway to the north eastern region of India. In this study, a 50km buffer from the master plan boundary of Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA) is selected for identifying potential urban centers and rural growth centers (URGC) of different order for decentralized planning and inter and intra-administrative cooperation around the city using multi-parametric criteria. This includes central place theory, nested hexagon method and thematic information on groundwater potential zones, land use/land cover, flood prone and landslide susceptible zones. Out of the 32 identified potential villages, 15 are proposed for new urban centers and 17 are proposed for development as rural growth centers. 9 towns are also proposed for up-gradation to higher order for proper spatio-functional interaction. However, several suggestions and preventive measures were made before initiating developmental expansion which needs to be considered. The findings of this study would be useful for decentralized planning to minimize the economic imbalances, rural migration and sustainable development of the region.

Relational hinterlands in the USA have become disconnected from major global centres

Abstract Research identifies strong concentrations of economic activity in dynamic, major city regions, whereas shifts in economic linkages between these and smaller, less-advantaged city regions have been less investigated. Using data on firms’ investment/disinvestment decisions between 1993 and 2017, we show that the majority of ‘relational hinterlands’ (smaller, non-contiguous city regions with at least 1 investment tie to a global centre in 1993) in the USA have become disconnected from major US ‘global centres’ (globally integrated city regions). Relational hinterlands which lost connectivity to the global centres are also disadvantaged in many other ways. While global centres have become increasingly connected to other global centres in the USA and abroad, relational hinterlands have become increasingly disconnected from centres of economic growth.

Deer antlers: the fastest growing tissue with least cancer occurrence.

Deer antlers are a bony organ solely able to acquired distinct unique attributes during evolution and all these attributes are against thus far known natural rules. One of them is as the fastest animal growing tissue (2 cm/day), they are remarkably cancer-free, despite high cell division rate. Although tumor-like nodules on the long-lived castrate antlers in some deer species do occur, but they are truly benign in nature. In this review, we tried to find the answer to this seemingly contradictory phenomenon based on the currently available information and give insights into possible clinic application. The antler growth center is located in its tip; the most intensive dividing cells are resident in the inner layer of reserve mesenchyme (RM), and these cells are more adopted to osteosarcoma rather than to normal bone tissues in gene expression profiles but acquire their energy mainly through aerobic oxidative phosphorylation pathway. To counteract propensity of neoplastic transformation, antlers evolved highly efficient apoptosis exactly in the RM, unparalleled by any known tissues; and annual wholesale cast to jettison the corps. Besides, some strong cancer suppressive genes including p53 cofactor genes and p53 regulator genes are highly positively selected by deer, which would have certainly contributed to curb tumorigenesis. Thus far, antler extracts and RM cells/exosomes have been tried on different cancer models either in vitro or in vivo, and all achieved positive results. These positive experimental results together with the anecdotal folklore that regular consumption of velvet antler is living with cancer-free would encourage us to test antlers in clinic settings.

CITY-ORIENTED POLITICS: SOCIAL MOVEMENTS OF NEW URBANISM AND MUNICIPALITY ON THE WAY TO INNOVATION

The article discusses the latest trends related to global transformations in the context of the introduction of a new global “place-based politics”. The author draws attention to the fact that due to the technological, demographic and migration processes that lead to large-scale urbanization and the concentration of the Earth’s population in cities, the recognition of the comfort of the city, oriented to the needs of the social and the needs of people of different ages, has become a privileged object of such a global and national policy. It is noted that urbanization and the formation of global cities – metropolises, agglomerations, etc. – leads to excessive concentration of production, uneven global settlement of territories, excessive immigration load on the centres of industrial growth, which in turn causes problems of global social inequality, which is also manifested in the hierarchy cities, and in the internal social hierarchy in cities. The author points out that social movements: New Municipalism and New Urbanism have become global social movements that embody innovations to help solve the above problems. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the main proposals of new urbanism and new municipalism for the implementation of “place-based politics” in the city as a centre of innovation. The article examines the historical features of the development of both movements built on the slogans: “democracy begins where you live” and “right to the city”. The article defines the goals and principles of activity of organizations that are participants in these movements, and also examines the scientific and methodological discourse formed around the development of these movements. In particular, the author presents an interpretation of the “nature” of municipalism, analyzes three models of municipalism, according to Matthew Thompson’s typology. In the conclusions, the author points out that planning ideas and successful projects of New Urbanism promote tools for quality urban planning for the sake of people in the conditions of global reconstruction of urban networks for the purpose of deconcentration and demonopolization of resources and investments. The ideas of New Municipalism promote tools to ensure self-organization at the city level, tools of social solidarity interaction to protect human interests.

Analisis Pusat Pertumbuhan Dan Wilayah Hinterland Di Kota Samarinda

This study aims to determine the sub-district which is the center of growth and the sub-district that is the Hinterland area to the growth center in the city of Samarinda. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative method. The type of data from this research is secondary data in 2021 in 10 sub-districts in Samarinda City. The variables used in this study are the number of available educational facilities, health facilities, economic facilities, facilities for places of worship, transportation facilities, population and distance from each sub-district in Samarinda City. This study also accommodates the adequacy of facilities in each sub-district in Samarinda City to see the interaction factors between regions. The analytical tools used in this research are scalogram analysis, centrality index analysis and gravity analysis. The data was processed using Microsoft Excel 2016. The results of this study indicate that the Samarinda Kota, Sungai Pinang and North Samarinda sub-districts are the sub-districts that are the center of growth in Samarinda City. Samarinda Ulu District, Samarinda Ilir District and Sungai Pinang District are hinterland areas that have the highest interaction value with sub-districts that are growth centers in Samarinda City.

AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF FACIAL LOCATIONS TO MEASURE FACIAL ASYMMETRY AFTER PAEDIATRIC RADIOTHERAPY

Abstract AIMS Children receiving radiotherapy for head and neck tumours, such as Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma (HN- RMS), often experience facial asymmetry later in life. Here, we present a convolutional neural network (CNN) that will enable the automatic detection of facial anatomical landmarks on MR images taken during follow-up examinations. This model will facilitate quantitative tracking of facial asymmetry, thus revealing the centres of growth that are most affected by radiation, with the ultimate goal of defining precise dose tolerance levels. METHOD A dataset of 61 paediatric MRI images was used to train separate models that infer the locations of four facial landmarks. These locations had previously been manually labelled by two independent observers. Before training, the images were normalised and registered to optimise model performance. The model was judged to be of acceptable accuracy if the distances between the observed landmark (gold-standard location) and the location predicted by the trained models were smaller than the inter-observer distances of each facial landmark. RESULTS The model predicted landmarks which were closer to the gold-standard location than the inter-observer locations. In detail: • Optic chiasm: 0.81 ± 0.45 mm (inter-observer 1.49 mm). • Nasion: 0.70 ± 0.62 mm (inter-observer 3.24 mm). • Left Ectoconchion: 1.22 ± 0.44 mm (inter-observer 3.58 mm). • Right Ectoconchion: 0.80 ± 0.82 mm (inter-observer 4.04 mm). CONCLUSIONS This research shows promising potential for a CNN to accurately locate head and neck landmarks in paediatric MRI images. This tool can label craniofacial landmarks in large clinical datasets quicker and more accurately than can be achieved through manual techniques.

Evaluate The Number Of Boat Trips On The Crossing Ketapang – Sheet At The Ketapang Crossing Port Of East Java Province

In this study, the authors took a case study regarding the evaluation of the number of ship trips on the Ketapang - Lembar crossing at the Ketapang Ferry Port, East Java Province. The Ketapang Ferry Port is one of the commercial Ferry Ports managed by PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Ketapang Branch and supervised by the Land Transportation Management Center Region XI, East Java Province. At this port, the operating vessels are Ro-Ro type ships that carry passengers, vehicles and goods and operate for 24 (twenty four) hours every day. Ketapang Ferry Port is one of the most crowded ferry ports. The routes at the Ketapang ferry port are the Ketapang – Gilimanuk route which connects the islands of Java and Bali and the Ketapang – Lembar route which connects the islands of Java and the islands of West Nusa Tenggara. The Ketapang – Lembar route is a new route because this route opened in December 2020. This route includes the LDF (Long Distance Ferry) route or long distance ferry service. With the existence of the Ketapang – Sheet route, it will create centers of economic growth and support overall development and it is hoped that it will reduce congestion on the island of Bali as a result of logistical transportation to the island of West Nusa Tenggara via the Padang Bai Port. Because this causes many service users going to the island of West Nusa Tenggara to prefer to use the Ketapang - Lembar cross ship because it is more efficient in travel costs and travel time. Because of this, the number of ships operating must be in accordance with existing service users so that there is no accumulation of service users and there is no vehicle overload on the ship so as not to reduce the comfort of passengers on board. The number of requests from service users for this often causes the accumulation of vehicles in the parking lot ready to load and results in overload when loading on the ship. This can be dangerous when the ship is sailing.

STRENGTHENING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES THROUGH STRATEGIC RISK MANAGEMENT IN UNCERTAINSY

The priorities of the strategic management of the enterprise's economic security by ensuring sustainable economic development and reducing the ecological burden on the environment in the context of the current state of Ukraine's economy are considered. Economic and socio-political factors are analyzed, highlighting the basic principles that lead to crisis situations. It is proposed to constantly monitor and analyse risks, which is an essential and timely mechanism of anti-crisis management. The complex and protracted nature of the enterprise's risk system requires appropriate tools for their identification and assessment, which considers the need to review the strategic directions of diagnosis and analysis of relevant information for management decision-making. Particularly relevant in our publication is the development of approaches to the comprehensive assessment of the risks of the existence and effective operation of enterprises that are adequate to modern socio-economic requirements.
 A wide range of economic risks arising in the process of economic activity was analyzed, and measures were developed to reduce their impact on the performance indicators of the enterprise. An analysis of the existing risks was carried out, among which the following were highlighted: market risks, risks of an unstable situation in the country, a change in the competitive environment, force majeure situations at the enterprise, reputational and environmental risks, and an increase in resource prices. Methods of enterprise risk management to minimize or neutralize their negative impact, actions, and measures that make it possible to prevent the impact of risks on enterprise activity are proposed. In today's conditions of instability, the company is offered to develop a set of strategic measures and principles that must be followed for production and economic activity to be effective. Economic security strategy should be focused on overcoming the risks caused by military aggression and equalizing economic advantages, namely, finding centres of growth and managing access to global markets with the help of responsible investments in Ukraine's economy. The above measures are recommended for implementation in the company's strategy, which will optimize the structure and management process and contribute to the growth of the value of organizations. Ignoring IDE principles entails significant reputational risks for organizations and lost opportunities to engage partners and team members focused on sustainable development. The conducted research creates the basis for further improvement of the enterprise risk assessment methodology and its implementation in the management system of actual risks when enterprises carry out their economic activities within the framework of a preventive approach.

The utility of juvenile sablefish otoliths in reconstructing life history and growth in the Gulf of Alaska

Sablefish are commercially important, and their populations have undergone significant fluctuations over time. Juvenile growth may be a strong indicator of sablefish recruitment potential. Previous projects have reconstructed juvenile sablefish life history using otoliths; therefore, otolith analyses may be useful in predicting recruitment success. To evaluate this utility, comparisons of otolith and otolith increment measurements across structures and with fish size and growth were made. Specifically, daily age estimates from paired lapillar and sagittal otolith samples were compared to determine agreement between structures, otolith dimensions were compared to body length to support the correlation between daily increment width and somatic growth, and paired otolith samples recovered from a previous temperature and feeding ration study were used to investigate otolith increment width with known growth rates. The evidence reported herein suggests both lapillar and sagittal otoliths produce reliable age estimates, and growth planes between structures are highly correlated with somatic growth. Daily otolith increment width mirrored the results of the somatic growth study in both structures. Generally, the lapillus had fewer complications resulting in a better fit to growth and treatment data, primarily due to the lack of accessory growth centers.

Analisis Penentuan Pusat-Pusat Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kota Bengkulu

This research aims to determine which sub-districts that becomes the centers of economic growth in Bengkulu City, and how big is the interaction between the growth of the center sub-district economic and the sub-districts in the surrounding area. This research uses secondary data in 2021 sourced from BPS Bengkulu Province, BPS of Bengkulu city, along with journals and literature related to this research. The data analysis method that is used in this study is Scalogram Analysis by combining the Centrality Index and weighting techniques and Gravity Analysis. Scalogram analysis is used to determine the centers of economic growth in each sub-district based on the availability of public service facilities such as government facilities, economic facilities, and social facilities. Gravity analysis is used to find out how much interaction is between the sub-districts economic growth and the surrounding sub-districts (hinterland) by using the variable of population and the distance between the two regions. Based on the results of the research from the Scalogram Analysis and the centrality index that has been carried out, that the growth center in Bengkulu City is based on 30 service facilities, which is Bengkulu city with the highest total service facilities and centrality index. Based on the results of gravity analysis using population and distance variables of the central district of Central Bengkulu has the strongest interaction with Singaran Pati District as the surrounding area (hinterland).

THE INFLUENCE OF LEVEL CROSSINGS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS IN CIREBON CITY

Cirebon City is one of the metropolitan areas stipulated in PP No. 26 of 2008 namely RTRWN as a National Activity Center (PKN) in developing metropolitan areas, especially in Ciayumajakuning area. The Cirebon City has become the center of economic growth, resulting in an increase in the flow of urbanization and in line with social dynamics that must be considered due to urban city activities. One of the impacts of urban cities is the increase in traffic density, causing a decrease in traffic performance. The purpose of this study is to determine the existing conditions of railroad level crossings in Cirebon City and see their impact on traffic performance, social dynamics and economic growth in Cirebon City. The research method used is a survey method, including traffic volume surveys, train frequency surveys, and calculating queue lengths and calculating delays. Based on the result of a survey on 8 roads in the Cirebon City with an average capacity of 3191 smp/hour, the degree of saturation is 0.5, the Level of Service value is C, which means the flow is stable, the speed can be controlled by traffic. However, if it is review based on an economic analysis related to the loss of community income due to level crossings if it is assumed that the average income of the people of Cirebon City is IDR 2.304.943.51 each individual experiences losses ranging from IDR 0 – IDR 768.314 for one month depending on the how long the individual experiences waiting time at a level crossing. If analyzed based on fuel consumption, each individual experiences a loss of IDR 0 – IDR 30.294 per month depending on the waiting time and the type of fuel used and if it is associated with the economic growth of Cirebon City, it is expected to increase the contribution of GRDP for each sector and respondents feel that level crossing are very important affect their travel interest.

The Relationship between Access to Financial Resources and Marital Satisfaction among Married Women of Tabriz

Introduction: The family is the basic pillar of society and the main center of human growth and excellence. The formation of this sacred institution is due to the marital bond between a man and a woman. Satisfaction with married life refers to the satisfaction with the family and satisfaction with the family pertains to satisfaction with the lives of men and women. Method: In the current survey questionnaires were used to collect data. Standard energy questionnaire (1998) was used to measure the variable of marital satisfaction, and for the variable of financial resources, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The statistical population of the research included married women over the age of 15 living in Tabriz city, and among them, 384 were selected as the sample using multi-stage cluster sampling. Findings: The collected data showed that the mean value of women’s marital satisfaction was above average, and the mean value of available financial resources to them was above average. In the dimensions of marital satisfaction, the mean value of personality issues, couple relationship, conflict resolution, financial management, leisure time, sexual relationship, and relatives and friends were above average, and the dimension of marriage and children was lower than average. The result of tests showed that there is a significant direct relationship between marital satisfaction and its dimensions and available financial resources. According to the findings, the more financial resources available to women, the higher their marital satisfaction was likely to be. In fact, financial resources as a support can be effective in providing psychological security and subsequently improving marital relationships and marital satisfaction.

PUSAT PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN INTERAKSI SPASIAL: STUDI EMPIRIS DI PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

In 2010 and 2020, South Sumatra Province had the third highest GRDP on the island of Sumatra. However, based on the Williamson index, the level of income distribution that occurs between districts/cities is still low. This study aims to identify growth centers and spatial interactions of districts/cities in South Sumatra Province in 2010 and 2020.The analyses used in this research are scalogram analysis, centrality index and gravity analysis. The results showed that in 2010 there were 2 regencies/cities in Hierarchy I, 6 regencies/cities in Hierarchy II, 5 regencies/cities in Hierarchy III and 2 regencies/cities in Hierarchy IV. In 2020 there are 4 districts/cities in Hierarchy I, 4 districts/cities in Hierarchy II, 6 districts/cities in Hierarchy III and 1 district/city in Hierarchy IV. From 2010 to 2020, the interaction between growth centers and their hinterlands has increased. Banyuasin, Ogan Komering Ilir and Ogan Ilir districts are the areas that have the strongest interaction. The policy implication is that economic cooperation needs to be carried out between the growth center regions and the regions behind them so that economic growth can be assisted in each region.