CITY-ORIENTED POLITICS: SOCIAL MOVEMENTS OF NEW URBANISM AND MUNICIPALITY ON THE WAY TO INNOVATION

Abstract

The article discusses the latest trends related to global transformations in the context of the introduction of a new global “place-based politics”. The author draws attention to the fact that due to the technological, demographic and migration processes that lead to large-scale urbanization and the concentration of the Earth’s population in cities, the recognition of the comfort of the city, oriented to the needs of the social and the needs of people of different ages, has become a privileged object of such a global and national policy. It is noted that urbanization and the formation of global cities – metropolises, agglomerations, etc. – leads to excessive concentration of production, uneven global settlement of territories, excessive immigration load on the centres of industrial growth, which in turn causes problems of global social inequality, which is also manifested in the hierarchy cities, and in the internal social hierarchy in cities. The author points out that social movements: New Municipalism and New Urbanism have become global social movements that embody innovations to help solve the above problems. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to determine the main proposals of new urbanism and new municipalism for the implementation of “place-based politics” in the city as a centre of innovation. The article examines the historical features of the development of both movements built on the slogans: “democracy begins where you live” and “right to the city”. The article defines the goals and principles of activity of organizations that are participants in these movements, and also examines the scientific and methodological discourse formed around the development of these movements. In particular, the author presents an interpretation of the “nature” of municipalism, analyzes three models of municipalism, according to Matthew Thompson’s typology. In the conclusions, the author points out that planning ideas and successful projects of New Urbanism promote tools for quality urban planning for the sake of people in the conditions of global reconstruction of urban networks for the purpose of deconcentration and demonopolization of resources and investments. The ideas of New Municipalism promote tools to ensure self-organization at the city level, tools of social solidarity interaction to protect human interests.