Grodno Region Research Articles

СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЕ МАРКЕРЫ СУИЦИДАЛЬНОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ

Purpose. To study the frequency of suicides and parasuicides, as statistical markers of suicidal behavior, in the Grodno region from July 20015 to June 2022. Material and methods. The work used statistical data on suicides and parasuicides, the population of the Grodno region in 2015-2022, the frequency of suicides in the Grodno region in 2004-2013. Results. The frequency of both suicides and parasuicides in the Grodno region has significant dynamic differences with the presence of certain intervals within a year and negatively correlated with each other in January-June. Suicides and parasuicides, identified in the structure of suicidal behavior by the identity of origin, are highly likely to have phenomenological differences that cause their different frequency. It is justified to analyze the suicidal activity of the population using the total number of suicides and parasuicides as an argument, and not exclusively suicides.

КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПОЛИМОРФНОЯДЕРНЫХ НЕЙТРОФИЛОВ В СТРАТИФИКАЦИИ ДЕТЕЙ С ОСТРОЙ БОЛЬЮ В ЖИВОТЕ

Background. Acute abdominal pain in children is defined as acute pain of non-traumatic genesis lasting up to 5-7 days, and presents a serious diagnostic and tactical problem. Many aspects of diagnosis and treatment remain controversial. Aim. To determine the clinical significance of polymorphonuclear neutrophil count in the stratification of children with acute abdominal pain. Material and Methods. A prospective randomized blind clinical trial was performed. The results of examination and treatment of 633 children admitted to Grodno Regional Children's Clinical Hospital with acute abdominal pain were analyzed. The number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils was analyzed in relative (PNRV) and absolute (PNAV) values. Statistics included evidence-based criteria, ROC and precision-recall curve analysis, Kullback's measure of informativeness (Jxi), Bayes' theorem. Results. Separation points were determined for the PNRV and PNAV tests. It was 65% for the PNRV test and 8.952×109/L for the PNAV test. For PNRV values less than 65%, the probability of acute appendicitis (AA) as a cause of acute abdominal pain was 1.8% (CI 0.2 to 3.4); the overall informative value was 2.94. With PNAV test values less than 6.5×109/L, the probability of AA was 1.2% (CI 0.03 to 2.4%); the overall informative value was 5.24. It was demonstrated that an increase in test values above the indicated values did not significantly increase the probability of AA as a cause of acute abdominal pain in children. Conclusion. The tests studied are highly informative and can be used to stratify patients with acute abdominal pain. It is necessary to validate the results obtained taking into account the specific capabilities of a given medical institution and the type of equipment used.

FEATURES OF THE ARCHITECTURAL AND COMPOSITIONAL SOLUTION OF THE CHURCH IN THE VILLAGE OF SOLY

The article examines and analytically evaluates the features of the architectural and spatial organization and compositional structure of the Catholic cult object of the 20th century, the principles and methods of shaping which do not fit into the format of traditional canons and parameters of architectural solutions of churches. Being, due to its unusual figurative characteristics, the object of attraction of numerous tourists, the Church of Our Lady of Ruzhentsova in the village of Soly, Grodno region, nevertheless, unfairly, in our opinion, is deprived of the attention of professional specialists-architects. Apart from brief information in Wikipedia, commercials on the Internet, as well as stingy information in some literary sources, it was not possible to find any serious studies of the architectural features of the unique object. At the same time, there are discrepancies in the assessment of his style affiliation – modern, neo-Baroque, non-Gothic? In the work, based on a detailed study and generalization of literary sources, Internet resources and visual field survey, the author's version regarding the stylistic affiliation of this object is proposed.

КЛИНИКО-ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ И МОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПЕРВОГО СЛУЧАЯ ОСТРОГО ГЕПАТИТА Е В ГРОДНЕНСКОМ РЕГИОНЕ

Background. The emergence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in developed countries is driven by improved diagnostic tools, increased clinician awareness of the autochthonous nature of transmission and the potential for life-threatening acute and chronic liver damage. Objective. To present the first confirmed case of acute hepatitis E (AHE) caused by the E virus of the first genotype (HEV-1) in the Grodno region, registered in 2022. Material and methods. The patient is a native of Pakistan, who has been living and working in Grodno for recent years. He visited Italy and Pakistan several times within last six months, returned to Grodno 2 weeks before the onset of clinical manifestations of the disease. The patient was hospitalized in the Regional infectious diseases hospital. The methods for laboratory and etiological diagnosis of hepatitis included: general clinical methods, serological and molecular genetic ones (ELISA - IgM, IgG HEV; PCR - RNA HEV, genotyping and sequencing of the HEV genome). Results. Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory methods made it possible to exclude viral hepatitis A, B, C, D and establish the diagnosis of AHE of icteric (bilirubin at the height of the disease - 209.1 μmol/l, ALT - 1795 U/l), moderate form with a favorable outcome. IgM and IgG to HEV were detected in the patient's blood. HEV RNA was isolated from the patient's biological material. The isolated sequence in 100% bootstrap replications was assigned to HEV genotype 1. The insignificant value of the evolutionary distance between the "Grodno" sequence and the sequence isolated from a patient's body in Pakistan indicated a high degree of their homology, which made it possible to conclude that this case of AHE was imported. Conclusions. For the first time in the Grodno region, there was registered an imported case of AHE acquired during travel to HEV hyperendemic territory. The identified sequence is 100% HEV-1 genotype and 94.3% homologous to the sequence obtained from a patient in Pakistan. Under favourable conditions, HEV-1, which has a significant epidemic potential, can cause the development of HEV outbreaks.

РЕДКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ СОЧЕТАНИЯ ОМФАЛОЦЕЛЕ С ТУБУЛЯРНЫМ УДВОЕНИЕМ ПОДВЗДОШНОЙ КИШКИ И ПОЛНЫМ СВИЩОМ ЖЕЛТОЧНОГО ПРОТОКА (СЛУЧАЙ ИЗ ПРАКТИКИ)

Background. A hernia of the umbilical cord (omphalocele) is a congenital abnormality in which a number of the abdominal organs are located extraperitoneally - in the umbilical membranes, consisting of the amnion, Wharton's jelly and the primary undifferentiated peritoneum. Digestive tract doublings constitute a group of rare malformations that vary significantly in appearance, location, size, and clinical manifestations. The incidence of this pathology is one case per 4500 autopsies. The first case of an intestinal duplication was reported by Calder in 1733. Objective. To demonstrate diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of omphalocele with tubular ileal duplication and vitelline fistula in a newborn. Material and methods. A clinical case report of 2-day-old patient L. who underwent treatment in the neonatal department of the Grodno Regional Children's Clinical Hospital in December 2021. Results. The child was found to have omphalocele with tubular ileal duplication and vitelline fistula. After preoperative preparation, the patient underwent an operation: abdominal reconstructive intervention to correct a congenital malformation. The treatment resulted in a complete recovery. Conclusions. We presented a case report not yet published in literature. Despite the complexity of the anomaly, the patient was discharged having fully recovered. The follow-up examination in 2022, detected no deviations in the child’s development.

Characteristic of cardiac and neurological forms of non-polio enterovirus infection

Enterovirus infections (EVI) are ubiquitous and generally present with mild symptoms and have a favorable prognosis with full recovery. But sometimes it can be challenging to diagnose mixed forms of EVI which can result in fatal outcomes. An interesting case report on a patient admitted to the Grodno Regional infectious diseases clinical hospital. The patient was diagnosed with enteroviral infection. Histological slides of the brain, heart, lung and other systemic organs were prepared on autopsy and are presented in this scientific paper. Generalized EVI in mixed form can cause primary lesions of the brain (destructive edema), the heart (necrotizing cardiomyopathy), and sepsis while also affecting other organ systems. This can lead to unfavorable outcomes similar to that in our case report. Mixed form EVI (meningitis, myocarditis, and sepsis) can progress rapidly towards an adverse course, with the development of severe life-threatening complications. We strongly suggest that mandatory PCR screening for EVI should be carried out in young individuals with sepsis-like diseases and with a fever of unexplained origin at the time of presentation.

Лишайники и миксомицеты пойменных дубрав заказника «Липичанская пуща» (Гродненская область, Республика Беларусь)

Based on studies conducted in 2021 and 2022, the authors compiled a list of lichens, closely related fungi and myxomycetes of floodplain oak forests of the «Lipichanskaya Pushcha» reserve (Republic of Belarus, Grodno Region). The annotated list includes 148 species: 118 species of lichens, 5 – non-lichenized saprotrophic fungi, 3 – lichenophilic fungi and 22 myxomycetes. The myxomycete Hemitrichia calyculata was recorded for the territory of Belarus for the first time. Lichen species Calicium adspersum, Cetrelia cetrarioides, Chaenotheca chlorella, Hypotrachyna revolutа and Lobaria pulmonaria are included in the Red Data Book of Belarus and are listed for the first time for the reserve «Lipichanskaya Pushcha». The indicator lichens of old-growth oak forests include 19 species.

КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ ТЯЖЕЛОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ ИНФЕКЦИИ COVID-19 У РОДИЛЬНИЦЫ В РАННЕМ ПОСЛЕРОДОВОМ ПЕРИОДЕ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ЭКСТРАКОРПОРАЛЬНОЙ МЕМБРАННОЙ ОКСИГЕНАЦИИ

A new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) raises reasonable concerns about the impact of the Sars-CoV-2 virus on pregnant women and women in the postpartum period, given the high risk of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome with refractory hypoxemia, even against the background of artificial lung ventilation. When this situation arises, the use of Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is justified to improve respiratory function and support blood circulation. In the given clinical case, the experience of successful treatment of a patient with COVID-19 infection in the early postpartum period with ECMO for 22 days, who was hospitalized at the Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, is presented. In the current clinical situation, all methods of respiratory support have been consistently used: from oxygen therapy through high-flow ventilation and non-invasive mechanical ventilation, to invasive mechanical ventilation. During her stay on ECMO, the patient experienced two hemorrhagic events that required surgical interventions. During therapy, it was possible to avoid thrombosis of the circuit and prevent the development of rebleeding against the background of anticoagulant therapy by carefully monitoring the hemostasis system using clotting hemostasiological tests and ROTEM indicators and correcting their violations.

ЛАБОРАТОРИЯ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ БИОХИМИИ КАФЕДРЫ ГОСПИТАЛЬНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ ГРОДНЕНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ИНСТИТУТА – МЕЖВЕДОМСТВЕННЫЙ И МЕЖКАФЕДРАЛЬНЫЙ ОПЫТ ПЛОДОТВОРНОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА

The article considers the background for the establishment in the year 1968 and the activities of the joint laboratory of clinical biochemistry of Grodno State Medical Institute and Grodno Regional Clinical Hospital that formed a basis for multi-disciplinary clinical and biochemical studies for research projects and solving problems in practical health care. The laboratory served as a basis for preparation of more than 10 candidate and doctoral dissertations, which allowed to achieve a high level of biochemical research in hospital patients and to obtain new findings in the fields of coagulogy and vitaminology.

Автоматизированная система радиационно- метеорологического мониторинга окружающей среды в зоне влияния Белорусской АЭС

This paper describes the automated system for radiation and meteorological monitoring of environment near the Belarusian NPP located close the town of Ostrovets, Grodno region, that was developed in close cooperation of A.N. Sevchenko Institute of Applied Physical Problems of BSU and «ATOMTEX» SPE. The description of system structure, software functions, specifications of gamma radiation detection units, and sample data on the radiation environment are provided.

Cultivation of corn for grain: the state of the industry, labor productivity, work efficiency

Large-scale cultivation of corn for grain is an urgent task of the functioning of Belarusian agricultural organizations. For this purpose, technological methods of growing this crop have been worked out and tested in production conditions. The biological features of local maize varieties are determined taking into account natural and climatic conditions.In Belarus, the sown area of corn harvested for grain increased by more than 1,7 times in 2016– 2018, the gross grain harvest increased by 45 %. The average yield of 1 ha of crop during this period fluctuated in significant aisles – from 5 to 6,5 tons of grain. Such a low indicator indicates an insufficient level of intensity of the industry, especially in agricultural organizations.An in­depth study of the production, economic and financial results of the work of the corn industry was carried out on the example of the agricultural production cooperative “Progress-Vertelishki” of the Grodno region for 2016–2018. Considerable attention in the APC is paid to the cultivation of corn for grain. In 2018, corn accounted for up to 32 % of the gross grain harvest in this agricultural organization. Among the production and economic indicators, labor productivity occupies an important place, therefore, considerable attention is paid to it in the article. In the APC “Progress-Vertelishki” during the study period, positive results were obtained when selling corn grain: the sale of products turned out to be sustainably profitable with fluctuations from 41,3 to 83,1 %.

Reflections of romantic traditions in piano compositions by Giedymin Rodkiewicz on the example of the Nokturne in A flat major

The research field of this article is focused on the analysis of Nocturne in a major by the forgotten and today unknown composer Gedymin prosper rodkiewicz, whose work has distinct features of romanticism, which corresponds to the period of his life in the context of the era: 1834-1891. Rodkiewicz belonged to the nobility, which traces its roots to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, was the owner of land estates in Juraciszki, Tokarządzki (located on the territory of the present Grodno region in the Republic of Belarus), two stone houses in Vilnius, which was the basis of the material existence of the composer, thanks to which he could turn to his passion – composing musical works. Gedymin left about 75 works that have survived to our days. All of them were written exclusively for the piano. Rodkiewicz turned once to the genre of Nocturne, which is an emblematic quality of the musical style of the era. Analyzing the character and illustrative content of this work, one can come to the bold conclusion that this Opus continues the line of" truly " romantic, full of dreams and contemplations of piano nocturnes, which J. field already defined this genre in general outlines.

NEW FORMS OF LIQUID NITROGEN-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS IN THE CULTIVATION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN BELARUS

The article presents data on the effectiveness of liquid nitrogen-sulfur fertilizers (1999–2000, 2010–2011, 2016, 2018–2020) on sod-podzolic soils of different granulometric composition (light loamy, loose-sanded) in Gomel, Minsk and Grodno regions in the cultivation of agricultural and vegetable crops. It is shown that the use of liquid nitrogen-sulfur fertilizers, for crops demanding sulfur, provides an increase in yield, while improving the quality of products.

АМЕБИАЗ В ГРОДНЕНСКОМ РЕГИОНЕ: ЗАВОЗНАЯ ИЛИ ЭНДЕМИЧНАЯ ИНФЕКЦИЯ?

Background. Amoebiasis as imported cases has rarely been reported in the Grodno region, the most recent being identified in 1999. Objective. To provide a brief overview of the clinical characteristics of amoebiasis and examples of amoebic lesions of the liver, lungs, intestines and soft tissues diagnosed in four residents of the Grodno region from January 2021 to April 2022. Material and Methods. The analysis of the case histories of 4 patients who were hospitalized at the Grodno University Clinic (GUK) in 2021-2022 was performed. Results. It was for the first time in the Grodno region that 4 cases of chronic asymptomatic amoebiasis were etiologically diagnosed over the period of 1.5 years. The cases were confirmed by the isolation of vegetative forms of amoebas and various epitopes (intestines, liver, lungs, tissues). The presented examples are typical (classic) according to their clinical, laboratory, imaging, parasitoscopy and morphological data and have 100% match with the data given in the literature. According to epidemiological data one patient is believed to have been infected in Egypt 3 years ago. The remaining three patients have not recently left the country. Conclusions. The recorded "outbreak" of an invasive form of amebiasis in the Grodno region may be due to a rapid climate change as well as the creation of optimal conditions for amoebas to parasitize in the external environment (soil, water). The reduction in the general resistance of the population due to the exposure to prolonged immunosuppressive action of COVID-19 over recent years can be regarded as one more cause of the "outbreak". To improve the diagnosis of amebiasis in the form of focal lesions of various organs or intestinal forms it is necessary to conduct epidemiological measures and clinical studies aimed at establishing the influence of external factors on the transmission of infection, as well as to provide health education to the population.

Connectivity of change in yield of grain and leguminous crops and level of application of fertilisers by district of the Republic of Belarus

The article discusses territorial and structural changes in the productivity of grain and leguminous crops in the districts of the Republic of Belarus, as well as differences in the doses of mineral fertilisers for certain types from 2014 to 2018. The aim of the study is to determine the degree of influence of fertilisers on the dynamics of productivity for the studied period and to analyse the reasons for changes in the level of yields of grain and leguminous crops in the regions of the country. The work is based on statistical research methods – correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between mineral fertilisers and productivity were carried out. Correlation analysis showed a significant inverse linear dependence of the yield dynamics on the fertility score (correlation coefficient – 0.66), proving that more fertile soils lose in harvests of grain and leguminous crops are almost 2 times in comparison with less suitable land. Regression analysis confirmed the significant effect of mineral fertilisers (determination coefficient 56 %) on the final harvests of grain and leguminous crops. The novelty of the research lies in the mathematical formalisation of the stochastic dependence of the yield of grain and leguminous crops on the level of application of certain types of mineral fertilisers and the establishment of its linear character. With the help of GIS technologies, territorial differences in the effectiveness of the use of fertilisers for grain and leguminous crops in the administrative regions of the Republic of Belarus were established and three clusters of productivity in the country were identified – highly productive south-west (Grodno Region, Brest Region and adjacent districts of Minsk Region), productive south-east (Gomel Region and Mogilev Region with border areas of neighbouring regions) and low-productive north (Vitebsk Region with northern regions of Minsk Region and Grodno Region).

СИСТЕМА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ И ИНДЕКСОВ ДОВЕРИЯ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ГРАЖДАН К ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ БЕЛОРУССКИХ ВРАЧЕЙ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ГРОДНЕНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

Introduction. To solve the problem of assessing the current state of foreign citizens’ trust in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors, it is proposed to use the index of confidence in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of the indices of generalized trust in Belarusian doctors (three types), the values of which are calculated based on the values of two indicators: the indicator of generalized trust and the indicator of the measure of personal trust. Objectives.To introduce a new method of assessing the trust in Belarusian doctors among foreign patients. Material and methods. Using the principles of sociology of medicine, an approach has been developed to mathematically assess the level of trust of foreign consumers of medical services in Belarusian doctors, the system was introduced in 2021 into the work of a number of healthcare organizations in Grodno region (healthcare institution «Grodno University Clinic», healthcare institution «Grodno City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care», healthcare institution «Ostrovets Central District Clinical Hospital»). The sample consisted of 297 English-speaking foreigners: 184 (61.95%) women and 113 (38.05%) men. Every third foreigner - 34.24% of women {27.77; 41.35}% and 30.97% of men {23.19;40.01}% - had already an experience of receiving medical care in countries other than Belarus and the country of their residence. The Microsoft Excel 2010 program, the Statistica 10 software package, serial number AXAR207F394425FA-Q were used to process and present the results. Results. The method includes a sociological survey followed by the calculation of the index of trust in Belarusian doctors, determined on the basis of generalized trust indices (three types). The indices of generalized trust in three characteristics - experience, professionalism, ethics - differ, trust in the professionalism of Belarusian doctors prevails (p<0.01), the general index of trust of foreign citizens in the professional activities of Belarusian doctors makes up 40.4%, which corresponds to the average level of trust. Conclusions. The results indicate a sufficient level of trust in Belarusian doctors on the part of foreign patients. Vectors for increasing trust are represented by the aspects of expanding the experience of doctors working with English-speaking patients and issues of ethics and communication in healthcare.

РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНАЯ ОЦЕНКА И МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РАДИОАКТИВНОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ В РЕЗУЛЬТАТЕ КАТАСТРОФЫ НА ЧЕРНОБЫЛЬСКОЙ АЭС

The article presents conceptual approaches to retrospective assessment and predictive modeling of radioactive contamination of the territory of the Republic of Belarus as a result of the Chernobyl accident. The work was carried out within the framework of project 3.01 «Investigation of the effect of ionizing radiation in a wide range of doses and with the variability of radiation characteristics at different levels of organization of a living organism», GPNI «Natural resources and the envi-ronment» of the subprogram «Radiation and biological systems» for 2021-2025. We determined the most significant radionuclide composition (for assessing the consequences of the release of radionuclides into the environment for biota) and the levels of radioactive contamination of ecosystem components in the observation zone of the Gomel, Vitebsk and Grodno regions of the Republic of Belarus. The radiation situation was considered at different time stages, namely as a result of atmospheric nuclear weapons testing and after an emergency release at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant [1; 2]. At present time, according to our data, in the observation zone of the Gomel, Vitebsk and Grodno regions of the Republic of Belarus, the radiation situation is caused by 23Cs and 90Sr radionuclides. The migration of 90Sr in the soil and through the food chain significantly increases as a result of the destruction of fuel particles and, as a consequence, 90Sr enters the soil solutions, after which it migrates deep into the soil. In addition, in the Gomel region, 241Am accumulates due to the decay of 241Pu. The maximum contamination level of 241Am will be established by 2060 and will exceed 239 + 240Pu by a factor of 2.7, while territories with a contamination level of 238 + 239 + 240Pu + 241Am up to 1000 Bq / m2 may possibly go outside the 30-km zone. The results of scientific research were introduced into the educational process within the framework of lectures and practical classes at the Faculty of Environmental Monitoring of the International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University.

ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ОТЯГОЩАЮЩИХ ФАКТОРОВ В РАЗВИТИИ ДЕСТРУКТИВНОГО ТУБЕРКУЛЁЗА ЛЁГКИХ

Background: At present, despite the generally favorable pathomorphosis of tuberculosis (TB), a number of factors that have a negative impact on the epidemiological situation, clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes remain. Objective: To determine the role of aggravating factors in the development of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis. Material and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted. The patients who were admitted to the inpatient department of the Grodno Regional Clinical Center "Phthisiology", as well as to the Republican Tuberculosis Hospital "Novoelnya" were examined. Depending on the prevailing aggravating factor, the patients were divided into 10 groups. In addition, 2 more groups of patients with the presence of extensive drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR MBT) were formed. The obtained results indicate a significant negative influence of aggravating factors on the formation of destructive processes in the lungs. As more significant cases in terms of these factors should be considered the patients with TB, accompanied by diabetes mellitus (DM), alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS), chronic nonspecific respiratory diseases (HNRD), as well as those who arrived from correctional labor institutions and those with the presence of several factors at the same time. Results: The analysis of the obtained results shows that in all cohorts of patients, the frequency of the decay cavities exceeds that in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without the presence of significant risk factors. Conclusions: The results obtained indicate that the frequency of the formation of destructive forms of tuberculosis in MDR-TB depends on a number of aggravating factors. The most significant of them in this regard are DM, the presence of several factors at the same time, ADS, staying at correctional labor institutions as well as HNRD. Factors such as contact or diseases of the gastrointestinal tract do not have a significant effect on the formation of destruction in the lungs in MDR-TB. In the presence of XDR-TB, the highest frequency of destructive forms (over 70%) is observed, it reaching 76.0% in patients with XDR-TB combined with ADS.

Норовірусна інфекція: особливості епідеміології та клініко-лабораторних проявів на сучасному етапі

Гострі кишкові інфекції вірусної етіології набувають все більшої актуальності. У даній роботі проведено аналіз клініко-епідеміологічних особливостей норовірусної кишкової інфекції у дітей. Наведені дані власних досліджень, проведених за 2013–2016 роки. Норовірусна інфекція характеризується гострим початком, помірною лихоманкою, водянистою діареєю, циклічністю перебігу. Пацієнтам віком до 1 року властивий розвиток вододефіцитного ексикозу. Групою ризику є діти перших трьох років життя. Клінічний перебіг норовірусної інфекції залежить від віку і преморбідного фону.

“The one, almost the only Belarusian”: political biography of Alexander Bakhanovich

The article presents the figure of Alexander Antonovich Bahanovich, a public and political figure from the Grodno region, who entered the history of the Belarusian national movement as an adventurer and an “impostor” who assumed the role of the head of the Belarusian People's Republic. On the other hand, excerpts from his letter to the ex-Minister of Foreign Affairs and latert the member of Russian Political Conference S.D. Sazonov, denouncing “Belarusian nationalists”, have long been used in the public space as an argument in favor of the artificiality of this movement itself.