Good Policy Research Articles

A Study on HR Policies and Implementation of L.G. Balakrishan & Bro’s Ltd., to Kovilpalayam

The Human resource policies are continuing guidelines on the approach of which an organization intends to adopt in managing its people. They represent specific guidelines to HR managers on various matters concerning employment and state the intent of the organization on different aspects of Human Resource management such as recruitment, promotion, compensation, training, selections etc. They therefore serve as a reference point when human resources management practices are being developed or when decisions are being made about an organization's workforce. A good HR policy provides generalized guidance on the approach adopted by the organization, and therefore its employees, concerning various aspects of employment. A procedure spells out precisely what action should be taken in line with the policies. Each organization has a different set of circumstances and so develops an individual set of human resource policies. The location an organization operates in will also dictate the content of their policies.

Mapping the Expertise and Understanding of Menarche, Menstrual Hygiene, and Menstrual Health among Adolescent Ladies in Low- and Center-Profit Nations

Mapping the Expertise and Understanding of Menarche, Menstrual Hygiene, and Menstrual Health among Adolescent Ladies in Low- and Center-Profit Nations

EVALUASI PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP SELEKSI PPPK DI KOTA AMBON

Teachers are the driving force that plays an important role both in terms of Knowledge and cognitive growth of children. As the main pillar in the world of education, teacher welfare is still very behind. The government policy taken to equalize the rights of teachers who have served in the world of education for many years is to make policies that can make it easier for all teachers who are registered as honorary teachers to have equality with all civil servants. Therefore, the government has made a policy since 2021 to equalize the rights for every honorary teacher, namely by establishing a PPPK Policy or Government Employee with a Work agreement. this policy aims to provide equal rights for all honorary teachers in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the PPPK selection policy in Ambon city using the CIPP model or context, inputs, processes and products at the Ambon City government office as the Implementer of PPPK selection activities. This study used a descriptive model and qualitative data collection. The data was conducted through interviews with the Head of the Education Office and the Head of the BKD in Ambon city as well as the distribution of questionnaires to each teacher participating in PPPK. This study explains that the selection of government employees with an employment agreement is one of the good policies that help an honorary teacher to get the same rights as ASN, but also tells that this policy is not a policy that can accommodate all honorary teachers to be able to receive these rights, because there are technical obstacles in the field both in terms of applicants and from a technical point of view, therefore this policy is not a policy that can accommodate all honorary teachers to be able to receive these rights. It is hoped that through this evaluation, participants and the government, in this case, the Central Committee can consider small things that have become the cause of the obstacles faced in the field. The contribution of this research can be one of the references for the government to consider the process of a policy.

Farmers’ perceptions of severe climate risks and adaptation interventions in indigenous communities in northern Ghana

Perceptions of climate change are widely studied and documented. However, understandings of conceptions and experiences of severe climate risks in indigenous farming communities are insufficient. This research respond to that knowledge gap with evidence from selected indigenous farming communities in northern Ghana through a mixed-method approach. Results from the empirical data show that farmers perceive severe climate risk to mean livelihood disruption throughout the season, unproductive farmlands, ineffective adaptation and inability to break even. The logistic regression estimates show that gender, marital status, livelihood activity and ecological zone are all influential factors that are likely to predict farmers’ perceptions of severe climate risk. Farmers in northern Ghana experience severe physical climate risks such as extreme droughts, extreme temperatures, severe heatwaves, frequent floods and severe water stress. To mitigate severe physical climate risks and disasters, individual farmers implement indigenous adaptation strategies such as livelihood diversification, construction of hand-dug wells in farms, migration, building of mounds or ridges, and early marriage of young girls. Collectively, farming communities culturally utilize animal sacrifices and spiritual incantations to invoke rains to address prolonged droughts. Understanding severe climate risks and their determinants will provide good policy guidelines for early warning systems to sustainably improve livelihood and food security in resource-constrained communities.

The Brick Industry in Ghana: Historical Contexts, Advocacy and Way Forward

The paper looked at historical antecedents of bricks industry in Ghana, its challenges and how governments and individuals have supported bricks advocacy in Ghana. The properties of clay minerals for structural products are tolerable among Ghanaian clays and though composite formulations have improve the suitability of the clay material for bricks production, its advocacy for construction in Ghana has not been fully pushed for. Through historical and descriptive methods, the study revealed that the brick industry in Ghana have suffered challenges such as poor management, limited technical-know-how, weak infrastructure, quality control and socio-cultural issues. Governments over the years have tabled good policies but implementation have been poor. The paper recommended among others that cottages and other projects such as public buildings, government affordable housing projects be built with bricks to encourage individuals to patronize bricks.

Role of tie channel on wetland hydrological security and sustenance

How far the de-linking and morphological and hydrological degradation of tie channels connecting river to the wetland are caused for the areal and hydrological transformation of a wetland was not received enough attention in previous literature. This paper tried to explain this about the confluence reach of the Dwarka and Brahmni rivers in Moribund deltaic India. In order to explain the linkages 16 tie channels’ change depicting variables and seven wetland area and hydrological transformation (consistency, hydro-period, water depth, water richness etc.) related variables were taken. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression was applied for explain the linkage. Machine learning approaches were applied for water richness mapping. Tie channel evolution was digitized from the Survey of India (SOI) toposheet (1974) and historical Google Earth images.The result revealed that, the tie channel witnessed morphological and hydrological degradations like channel constriction, channel clogging, flow lowering etc. and these were further identified as some vectors of areal shrinkage and growing hydrological insecurity in the linked wetlands. The total wetland area declined from 44.89 km2 to 16.86 km2 from 1991 to 2021. The rate of areal loss, shallowing WD, growing inconsistency of water presence, narrowing HP, and weakening WR was found high in recent times due to de-linking and degradations of tie channels. This approach of explanation of hydrological insecurity of wetland in relation to tie channel degradations, de-linking and findings are quite unique. So, re-linking and morphological correction of the tie channels would be a good policy for wetland restoration.

Factors influencing the transition of foreign-educated nurses to the US healthcare setting: A systematic review.

This literature review examined the impact of the orientation or onboarding programs on the transition of foreign-educated nurses to a US healthcare setting and factors influencing their transition. Recruitment of foreign-educated nurses has been a solution to the ongoing nursing workforce shortage in the United States. However, they face various challenges in their transition to employment in the United States. Adequate orientation and continued support are needed for the successful transition of foreign-educated nurses. A systematic literature search was conducted in 2022 across PubMed, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE databases. This review selected only articles published between 2015 and 2022 in English that addressed foreign-educated nurses' transition issues in US healthcare settings. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The quality of the articles was appraised using the John Hopkins Evidence-based Practice tool. This review of 14 articles revealed that the quality of orientation and organizational support were positively associated with foreign-educated nurses' job satisfaction and turnover. Factors influencing foreign-educated nurses' transition included peer support, job assignment and workload, credentialing, communication and cultural adjustment, psychological factors, safety perceptions, work environment, and coping strategies. There was a lack of literature that evaluated orientation or onboarding programs for foreign-educated nurses. Further research is needed to explore the effectiveness of supportive programs in promoting their smooth transition. Efficient onboarding or orientation programs and policies for foreign-educated nurses are crucial, considering the factors influencing their transition. Good programs and policies that prioritize the support, integration, and professional development of FENs will help maximize their contributions to health care.

Banking integration and market competition: Evidence from the ASEAN‐6 countries

AbstractThis article investigates the effects of banking integration on banking competition in the ASEAN‐6 countries. Using a data set of 3217 bank‐year observations over the period 1996–2018, our main results indicate that: (i) banking openness positively affects banking competition; (ii) the overall degree of balanced (in/out) integration leads to greater market power; and (iii) the increase in the market monopoly following the participation of foreign banks can be reduced by good regulatory policies. These results remain intact when two alternative competition measures are employed and when a polynomial model and a threshold model are used to reveal the non‐linear and heterogeneous effects of banking integration.

EVERY SUCCESSFUL POLICY INVOLVES A TRANSFER ASPECT: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY WITH ILLUSTRATION

The important part that transfers aspects play in the success of policies was explored in this study. The systems and procedures involved in efficiently transferring policies from the development stage to their implementation, assuring their influence in a variety of circumstances, are referred to as transfer aspects. This study was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023. This study used an analytical method to investigate the relationship between transfer aspects and policy success, identify critical variables affecting the efficiency of transfer mechanisms, and present examples of good policies that have included transfer characteristics. The study emphasized the importance of transfer factors in the implementation of policies and the accomplishment of intended results by drawing on a thorough examination of the literature and empirical analysis. It looked at how efficient information transfer, talent development, resource allocation, and institutional arrangements affect the implementation of policies successfully. This paper provides instances of policies that have successfully integrated transfer aspects and produced favorable results through illustrated case studies. These case studies demonstrated the impact of the particular transfer mechanisms used on the success of policy in varied circumstances. By highlighting the significance of transfer features and their connection to effective policy outcomes, the study's findings add to our knowledge and understanding of policy analysis.

A Qualitative Study of Managerial Factors Influencing the Performance of Shehia Administration Practice in Urban District Unguja

The main concern of this paper is to explore the managerial factors influencing the performance of Shehia administration practices in Urban District Unguja. The study adopted a case study design. The data was collected through face to face interviews and focus group discussion with the total of 44 respondents selected purposively from the four Shehias of Urban District Unguja. Qualitative Data were analyzed by thematic Analysis.
 The findings of this study revealed that there are themes of factors that influence the performance of Shehia administration practices in Urban District Unguja such as the, lack of autonomy in decision making process, low co-operation between local government and Shehias, as well as inadequate resources and facilities. Therefore, through this study; the researcher recommends that there should be intervention of government to support Shehias in establishing economic projects. Provision of adequate and modern equipment on the Shehia administration activities; performing ongoing training to the Shehas and establishment of good policy that will allow a competent Shehas to be appointed to the position of Shehas so as to make sure administration activities is being done effectively.

Mitigating Developmental Disparities and Regional Instability through Public Policy Landscaping

Since government is the universally-accepted system that is responsible for midwifing the development and progress of nations and governance is mainly delivered through the making and implementation of public policy, it is imperative to develop a strategic policy view of the root-cause(s) of the bad governance that triggers the developmental disparities within and between nations which invariably engender national and regional instability across many corners of the globe. Developmental disparities within and between nations are especially important as the primary causes of national and regional conflicts as well as trans-national migration and sundry trans-national crimes such as human trafficking. In this article, I argue that public policy is so central to governance and pivotal to national development and progress that it must be recognized as the powerful force that can either unite polities around the pursuit of development and progress or leave them deeply-divided and starved of much-needed development. The crux of this argument is that national development and progress are impossible without national unity and regional stability. My second argument is that commitment to the practice of policy-led governance should be considered doubtful unless it can be proven by the prioritization of the institutionalization of Public Policy systems that are designed to, first and foremost, foster national unity and regional stability. The mission of this article is to introduce the novel concept of Public Policy Landscaping as the strategic means of making the governance landscape suitable for the development and deployment of the environmentally-sensitive public policy systems that can be relied upon to unite policy-led entities around the pursuit of national and regional development. Public policy does to the governance what landscape architecture does to natural land and this means that any neglect of public policy landscaping is bound to leave the governance landscape in a poor state that will invariably impede good policymaking and policy implementation.

The politics of distributing blame and credit: Evidence from a survey experiment with Norwegian local politicians

AbstractHow do politicians attribute responsibility for good and poor policy outcomes across multiple stakeholders in a policy field where they themselves can affect service provision? Such ‘diffusion’ decisions are crucial to understand the political calculations underlying the allocation of blame and credit by office‐holders. We study this issue using a between‐subjects survey experiment fielded among local politicians in Norway (N = 1073). We find that local politicians attribute responsibility for outcomes in primary education predominantly to school personnel (regardless of whether performance is good or bad) and do not engage in local party‐political blame games. However, we show that local politicians are keen to attribute responsibility for poor outcomes to higher levels of government, especially when these are unaligned with the party of the respondent. These findings suggest that vertical partisan blame‐shifting prevails over horizontal partisan blame games in settings with a political consensus culture.

Bending Time and Space for Pan-Americanism: Shots of the “Western Hemisphere” in Wartime Cinema

Analysing World War II films, from Allied propaganda to Good Neighbor Policy productions, this work probes the visual construction of the idea of the Western Hemisphere and Latin America’s place in it. It finds how war propaganda carried messages beyond the explicit anti-Axis one. In the films discussed here, the resources of novel aerial photography, cartography, and time-travel plots achieved the contradictory effect of showing the entire continent as one, while North and South were in contrast. During the war, Good Neighbor Policy productions promoting a continental alliance used many of the same visual elements as war propaganda to shore up morale ahead of battles. A focus on Brazil offers a counterpoint to US-based pan-Americanism, considering its nationalist discourse in the Estado Novo. Wartime cinema created a New World where the US was the future of “Western” civilisation as a continuum of Europe, while Latin America was visualised as existing in the past, resulting in a deeply ambivalent Western Hemisphere.

THE RISE OF TURKEY: IMPACT TOWARDS REGIONALISM

President Erdogan took office on 2014 after won election. Since then, Turkey has changed a lot from moderate country in 1980 to a developing country in early 2000. Erdogan has shaped new foreign policy as he wants to turns Turkey as a global player. More than that, he also develops a lot of economy and social facilities to attract other investors to come. The research was conducted to analyse The Rise of Turkey and Its Impact towards Regionalism. The objectives of this research namely 1) to identify the factor contributed to the rise of Turkey, 2) to examine the impact of the rise of Turkey on the region and 3) to analyse the potential of Turkey to be a major power. The theory used in this research is neoliberalism. This research used qualitative approaches where the secondary data collection accumulates in library study. The sources had included books, journal articles, newspaper and online sources from government web. The findings of this research were; 1) factor that contributed to the rise of Turkey were political stability, strong economy, structured social community and progressive security, 2) the rise of Turkey has given dominant positive impacts as it became one of the strong Muslim country, 3) Subsequently, Turkey has a potential to be major power as it has a very talented leader who already successes boost the economy, know to administer the country and have good foreign policies with other nations.

Multicultural Diversity Workforce and Global Technology Collaboration Empowered Semiconductor Manufacturing Excellence in Taiwan: A Manufacturing Engineer’s Perspective

Abstract This paper summarizes the perspectives from a manufacturing engineer on how the government policy, global partnership, and diversity of the United States (US), Japanese, European, and traditional Chinese cultures in Taiwan have created a workforce of semiconductor manufacturing talent in the past five decades. The complex interwoven events of Covid-19 pandemic, supply chain resilience, national security, and geopolitical conflicts have made semiconductor manufacturing a key focus of government policy. As a world leader in integrated circuit (IC) design, design software, equipment, and research, the US has struggled in the past few years on the high yield volume manufacturing of the most advanced logic IC and failed to translate research innovations to quality production. Manufacturing, not innovation or equipment, is a key barrier of the US semiconductor industry. Two models for excellence in advanced manufacturing are described. Three pillars of government policy, global collaboration, and multicultural diversity empower semiconductor manufacturing excellence in Taiwan is described. An approach to evaluate, select, educate, and train manufacturing talents is proposed. Directions for semiconductor manufacturing research are discussed. There is no genius in semiconductor manufacturing, which requires extensive experience and continuous improvement without shortcuts to be competitive. The steadfast good government policy, multicultural diversity workforce, and global technology collaboration to achieve semiconductor manufacturing excellence are the focus of the conclusion.

India’s ‘Act-East’ Responses to the Strategic Realities in the Indo-Pacific Region: A Review

The geopolitical standpoint of India’s foreign policy has focused on soft power dynamics, cultural rejuvenation, and political connection with the diaspora. With the intent to pursue a good neighborhood policy, to promote regional economic cooperation and to revitalize the essence of regionalism India articulated a liberal foreign policy perspective under the guidance of Inder Kumar Gujral during his tenure as Foreign Minister and Prime Minister in 1996-98. The approach gained considerable acceptability and relevance among Gujral successors. Both Vajpayee of the Bharatiya Janata Party, or BJP and Manmohan Singh of the Congress Party supported the rationale of the so-called Gujral Doctrine. As the Indian economy began to accelerate, the pursuit of integrating the region received a pragmatic dimension. Regional institutions like the ASEAN (Association of South -East Asian Nations) play a pivotal role in facilitating the development of regional identity in the world’s most economically vibrant region. It was apprehended that incompetence on part of India to cultivate relations with its neighbors would lead to further Chinese penetration to the zone of India’s natural hinterland and traditionally an exclusive sphere of influence. India’s apprehensions about Chinese ingress were so strong that New Delhi actively worked to include Western powers into an observer role in the regional forum of SAARC, when Pakistan and Bangladesh urged for a more formal Chinese role in the subcontinent. The Indian foreign policy establishment emphasized the attributes of building a peaceful periphery rendering greater access to the Indian market through unilateral economic concessions if necessary, and focused on the Indian relevance to make its neighbors feel amicable in their collaboration with India with a view to strengthen India’s strategic links with the neighbors rather than merely protesting to their defense ties with Beijing. This study aims to focus on the relevance of India-ASEAN collaboration in addressing to the strategic realities of the Indo-Pacific region.

Nonlinear impact of interest rates on price level (smooth transition autoregressive approach)

Economic and monetary policy-making shall benefit from the nominal interest rates and inflation causal relationship for macroeconomic issues. In this paper, by expanding Fisher’s Quantity Theory of Money, we investigate this relationship using the “Smooth Transition Autoregressive” approach for Iran's economy.The results show that when the interest rate rises (particularly when it exceeds the threshold), its positive impact on inflation will increase. Moreover, the effect of a low-interest rate increase does not have a severe effect on price change. It is concluded that interest rate is not a good policy instrument for high inflation dampening, and those policies that diminish money circulation velocity might be more effective for general price level control. Macro-economically, the results show that in the long run, interest rate yield that is paid to the factors of production is practically eliminated by reducing the purchasing power of money due to the price increase in the economy.This might be understood as one of the pearls of wisdom that Almighty God has cited in the Holy Qur'an about the prohibition of usury: "God effaces usury"5 means that Almighty God eliminates the effects of the usury yield increment in the economy.Interest rate, Price, Smooth Transfer Autoregressive Model, Quantity Theory of Money, Irving Fisher.

The European Rural Development Vision in Romanian Context

Rural areas need our implication more than ever, in Romania, we identify a large percentage of people leaving behind their homes. Without a strategy to support and create opportunities, we will lose the heartbeat of our economy and an important part of our identity. This paper aims to study ways to develop self-sustained communities and achieve economic potential by investing in our rural areas’ future through good policies. Based on debate between 25 participants from various professional backgrounds for 5 days, the focus group investigated the study cases of their nations to better grasp the future steps. The focus group is a dynamic mix of youth from European countries such as Greece, Ireland, Croatia, Ireland, and Romania with different educational backgrounds who took the opportunity to study the High value and rural areas in their countries. They identify the needs of different village stockholders and bring all the knowledge together. A great lack of trust in collaboration between farmers and the need for more practical policies was found, in addition to the need for education and a better understanding of how they can round their income. The objectives of this vision will be accomplished with the aid of a Rural Pact and an EU Rural Action Plan with concrete flagship projects and innovative tools.

Implementation of E-Governance to Encourage Integrated Public Services in Lebak Regency

In order to realize good governance, the application of the concept of open government that recognizes the public’s right to observe, to access information, and to participate in the development of public policy, must be implemented by the government. This study aims to solve the problem of Public Service policy that was integrated with the field of electronic management-based environment with Edward III model in Lebak regency. Qualitative methods were used in this study. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of environmental management policies in the Lebak area of Banten province were still not effective. This was due to lack of financial support, lack of coordination between the central and local governments, a low quality of human resources implementing policies, frequent changes in organizational structure and policies, and the fact that policy makers and implementers were in different agencies. The implementation of development is basically inseparable from the use of natural resources and its impact on the environment. Environmental protection and management should be considered during the implementation of the project to prevent environmental degradation and/or degradation of ecological functions. Therefore, the government should use the principles of good environmental policy to facilitate the delivery of public services to the public.
 Keywords: E-Governance, environmental protection and management

The conservatism objection to educating for the virtues of citizenship

Since the 1990s, education for the virtues of citizenship has become widespread in the United States and United Kingdom. It is intended to inculcate virtues such as courtesy, respect and truthfulness in school children. This essay defends education for the virtues of citizenship against two criticisms. According to the first, which might be called the ‘ status quo bias’ criticism, inculcating such virtues is a recipe for stasis. According to the second, which might be called the ‘individualism’ criticism, EVC sends the message that the citizen herself is primarily responsible for her fate. The authors who raise these two criticisms tend to link EVC with ‘conservatism’ or one of its cognate terms. If education for the virtues of citizenship really is conservative, this raises the worry that education for the virtues of citizenship is partisan, which would surely render it morally objectionable. In this paper, I distinguish big-C Conservatism from small-c conservatism, and interpret the education for the virtues of citizenship critics as contending that education for the virtues of citizenship is Conservative (i.e. aligned with the political philosophies of right-leaning parties) in virtue of being individualistic, and conservative in virtue of being status quo biased. Against the individualism criticism, I point out that the strand of conservatism of which economists like Hayek and Friedman are the standard-bearers is anti-individualistic in virtue of holding that we need good economic policy to make up for the fact that we cannot count on individual economic actors to exercise sound moral judgement, and that the strand of conservatism inspired by commentators like Burke, Nisbet and Scruton is anti-individualistic in virtue of its emphasis on community. Hence, the inference from individualism to Conservatism doesn’t go through. Against the status quo bias criticism, I contend that it is unpredictable who will benefit from citizens being resistant to change. Hence, while it may be right to label such resistance ‘conservative’, such conservatism is not partisan.