Good Policy Research Articles

CSR, Good Corporate Governance, Corporate Value: Moderation of Financial Performance

This research aimed to look into the effects of corporate social responsibility and good corporate governance on corporate value. In this study, which looked at three independent variables on corporate value, researchers used financial performance as a moderating variable. Secondary data sources for this study have been gathered from the IDX (Indonesian Stock Exchange) for the period 2018-2022, with manufacturing enterprises serving as the sample. This research was carried out utilizing WarpPLS, a data analysis method that employs partial least squares. Corporate social responsibility and good corporate governance boost the value of a corporation. The influence of corporate social responsibility and good corporate governance on corporate value can be moderated by financial performance. Corporations may enhance the way they perform to provide better value and raise stock returns. The study's findings can be used by investors to make informed investment decisions. Corporate social responsibility and good corporate governance policies are one approach for the company to provide a favorable signal to stakeholders and the market about its future survival prospects. Keywords: corporate value, corporate social responsibility, good corporate governance, financial performance

Factors influencing acceptance of family planning methods among women coming to immunization OPD: a cross sectional study

Background: Family planning is one of the most cost-effective interventions. Therefore, different factors influencing reasons behind non acceptance of family planning are necessary to be known in order to formulate good plans and policies. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted at immunization clinic of urban area. Systematic random sampling method was used. A pre-determined questionnaire was administered. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. Results: Only 42.63% women adopted family planning methods. The statistically significant predictors for uptake of family planning services are knowledge of contraceptives (p=0.000), school education (p=0.002), prior use of contraceptives (p=0.001) and age of mother. The reasons for non-acceptance of family planning practices were fertility related (21.2%), lack of knowledge (19.7%), opposition from family members (16.9%), breastfeeding (14.5%), not having intercourse (12%), method related side effects (8.5%) and preference to specific gender (2.1%). Conclusions: According to age group and number of children to women should be motivated by the health worker for the appropriate contraception choice and reasons for non-acceptance of family planning methods form the basis for the qualitative research studies.

기업가적 태도가 대학생의 주식투자행태에 미치는 영향

The stock market, where stock investments are made, is deeply related to the economy. Through the experience of participating as shareholders in the stock market, college students have the opportunity to naturally analyze domestic and international political and economic situations and gain indirect experience in corporate management. Meanwhile, the stock market is an important market that helps raise funds for companies and create assets for investors, and raising funds through investments in the entire IPO series serves as a growth engine for startups and boosts innovation through entrepreneurship. Innovation and globalization of digital technology have further increased uncertainty in the stock market, but have also provided companies and investors with opportunities to create new value. In this regard, it is better to verify the investment behavior factors of young people looking for opportunities to realize expected profits through the stock market, where risks and opportunities coexist, and to investigate the potential to seize new opportunities and connect them to innovation activities. This will be the key to designing good policies.
 The purpose of this study is to examine whether the entrepreneurial attitude of creating new value through innovation activities even in the face of future uncertainty influences stock investment behavior. Startup competency, entrepreneurial intention, social values, and entrepreneurship education are We also examined whether there was a moderating effect. For this purpose, an empirical analysis of the research hypothesis was conducted targeting 215 college students representing the young population.
 Looking at the research results, first, it was confirmed that college students' entrepreneurial attitude has a positive influence on stock investment behavior. Second, the moderating effect of entrepreneurial capabilities was confirmed between entrepreneurial attitude and stock investment behavior. Third, the experience of taking entrepreneurship courses, which was examined as a control variable, confirmed that the more students took the course, the more their stock investment behavior increased.
 This study is significant in that it examined the cross-relationship between entrepreneurial attitude, education, and financial investment behavior from an entrepreneurial perspective rather than the investor perspective of existing research, and that college students' entrepreneurial attitude and resulting capabilities are important not only for starting a business, but also for starting a business. It also provided theoretical and practical implications that it could be applied as a means to achieve personal wealth.

Prediction of Carbon Tax Levied in China and Its Effects Based on BP Neural Network

Historical data of crude oil, coal and natural gas in China are used to calculate the carbon emission and carbon tax in recent years. It is proved that the nonlinear model, BP Neural Network, is more suitable for the calculation of carbon tax under the influence of various energy factors. Then BP Neural Network and GM (1, 1) have a good learning ability to forecast the carbon tax revenue from 2020 to 2030. BP Neural Network, however, has less error and shows that Per capita disposable income, GDP and Per capita GDP play a decisive role in the development of carbon tax and environmental protection. Based on the assumption that the carbon tax will be imposed and increased, the carbon emission intensity of each province and the carbon tax acceptance of urban residents will be within the ideal range in the next decade. All evaluation indicators of models and data analysis show that the carbon tax has a good policy guidance for energy saving and emission reduction. This study about carbon tax provides a new solution for domestic environmental protection.

Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Fujian Province, China

As the historical and contemporary values of Chinese traditional villages continue to emerge and the circumstances of the times change, their preservation has a lasting and far-reaching significance in promoting the revitalisation and sustainable development of China’s countryside. However, rapid urbanization began after China’s reform and opening up, and continuous urban expansion led to the rapid decline or even disappearance of these villages. Previous studies on village protection tend to focus on morphological studies from the perspective of individual units, and rarely discuss the influencing factors of spatial distribution. Therefore, there are certain deficiencies in revealing the distribution rules, which makes it difficult to fully carry out the protection work. The article reconstructs the traditional village system of Fujian Province, whose traditional villages cover both national and provincial historical and cultural villages and national and provincial traditional villages. The spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in Fujian Province were studied using 1,606 traditional villages of various levels as research objects. The results of the study show that: (1) the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Fujian Province is cohesive, with significant uneven distribution, and there are three high-density agglomerations and two sub-density agglomerations; (2) The spatial distribution shows a pattern of “large scattering, small concentration, more in mountainous areas and less in coastal areas”; (3) Topography, river systems, transportation and socio-economic conditions combine to influence the spatial distribution of traditional villages in Fujian Province, but the degree of influence varies. Physical and geographical conditions play a leading role in the distribution of traditional villages, and road traffic conditions and socio-economic conditions have a secondary impact on the distribution of traditional villages. There is an obvious agglomeration of traditional villages in the mountainous river areas, while there is a certain degree of negative correlation between road traffic conditions and socio-economic conditions and the number of traditional villages. (4) With the support of good policies and economic conditions, the protection and continuation of traditional villages can be promoted to a certain extent, and it is also conducive to the spread of local multicultural culture. Finally, corresponding policy recommendations are made for the conservation and sustainable development of traditional villages in Fujian Province.

Identifying Trends of Policy Transfer Practices in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review (2012 - 2022)

The practice of policy transfer has been known since 315 BC, but conceptually it has been increasingly discussed by policy experts in the world in the last 30 years. In the Indonesian context, the application of policy transfers has been increasingly adopted by policymakers in the last ten years or so. In practice, policy transfer is an alternative that makes it easier for policymakers to make new policies. Policy transfer facilitates learning of good policy practices from various initiating countries so as to minimize failure. The transfer process is easier to build when a network or relationship is established between the actors acting as the source of the transfer, the recipient of the transfer, or other related parties. This study analyzes the implementation of policy transfers that have occurred in Indonesia in the last ten years (2012-2022) through 4 stages of Systematic Literature Review, namely 1) Pre-SLR; 2) Identification, 3) Screening, and 4) Eligibility. There were 31 selected publications which were further analyzed based on three criteria: 1) Fields/areas where policy transfer was applied, 2) Research methods conducted, and 3) Policy transfer analysis. Topics related to the analysis of policy transfers produce 5 sub-topics that can be studied further, namely: Transfer products, Transfer Loci, Policy Actors, Forms of Transfers, and Transfer Processes

Strengthening Primary Healthcare in Jordan for Achieving Universal Health Coverage: A Need for Family Health Team Approach.

Achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a strategic objective of the Jordanian government and has been prioritized in its strategies and plans. However, there are several challenges affecting primary healthcare in Jordan and the health system in general that prevent Jordan from achieving UHC. This paper highlights the importance of team-based care in the form of Family Health Teams (FHTs) to realize Jordan's goal of achieving UHC. FHTs are a team-based approach that brings together diverse professionals to provide a comprehensive, efficient, patient-centered primary care system that meets the changing needs of Jordan's population and refugees. However, the implementation of FHT may encounter obstacles, including individual, organizational, institutional, and external barriers. To overcome such obstacles, several actions and processes need to be taken, including political commitment and leadership, implementing good governance and policy frameworks, allocating resources and funding, multisectoral collaboration, and engagement of communities and stakeholders. The successful implementation of FHTs requires participation from government officials, parliamentarians, civil society, and influential community, religious, and business leaders. A strategic policy framework, effective oversight, coalition building, regulation, attention to system design, and accountability are also essential. In conclusion, adopting the FHT approach in Jordan's Primary Healthcare system offers a promising path towards achieving UHC, improving healthcare access, quality, and efficiency while addressing the unique challenges faced by the country's healthcare system.

Good Luck or Good Policy? Economic Growth and Human Development in Odisha Under the Naveen Patnaik Rule

ABSTRACT Odisha has experienced three distinct growth regimes during 1991-2019, namely, 1991-2002, 2003-10 and 2011-19. Odisha outshone the national economy and the 15 other major states in terms of growth rates in Gross State Domestic Product per capita (GSDPPC) and Human Development Index (HDI) during 2003-10. However, during 2011–2019, Odisha witnessed a significant growth slowdown vis-à-vis the national economy but such downslide in GSDPPC and HDI is not significantly different from the major states. The first Naveen Patnaik decade saw an upsurge which was possibly due to good luck rather than good policy, and the second one marked a downslide.

Modelling habitat suitability for Moringa oleifera and Moringa stenopetala under current and future climate change scenarios

Moringa oleifera Lam and Moringa stenopetala (Baker f.) Cufod are being widely promoted as multipurpose trees across the tropics for their nutritional, medicinal and soil health benefits. Different parts of these species are edible, have therapeutic values and their seeds are used for water purification. Although the two species are similar in many ways, they have contrasting distributions. However, their current promotion is not guided by adequate knowledge of the suitability of the target areas. Information is also scanty on the suitability of habitats for these species under the current and future climate change scenarios. Therefore, the objective of this study was to predict the habitat suitability of M. oleifera and M. stenopetala under current and future climate change scenarios using an ensemble of models assuming four shared socio-economic pathways, namely, SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5 for 2050 and 2070. The results suggest that areas that are highly suitable for M. oleifera will increase by 0.1% and 3.2% under SSP1-2.6 to SSP5-8.5 by 2050, respectively. By 2070, the area suitable for M. oleifera would likely decrease by 5.4 and 10.6% under SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, respectively. The habitat that is highly suitable for M. stenopetala was predicted to increase by 85–98% under SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios by 2050 and by 2070, while suitable areas could increase by up to 143.6% under SSP5-8.5. The most influential bioclimatic variables for both species were mean diurnal temperature range, mean temperature of driest quarter, precipitation of wettest month, and isothermality. Additionally, soil pH, elevation and water holding capacity were influential variables in the distribution of M. oleifera, while soil pH, soil salinity and slope were influential in M. stenopetala distribution. This study has provided baseline information on the current distribution and possible future habitat suitability, which will be helpful to guide formulation of good policies and practices for promoting Moringa species outside their current range.

Understanding and assessing sustainable behavior among the academics in higher education institutions of Bangladesh

PurposeConsidering that knowledge, skills and behavior can influence sustainability efforts, this study aims to assess which personality traits influence one’s sense of feeling connected to nature and presumably make more sustainable choices. The study also explores the situational factors that might pose barriers, despite an individual's preference for a sustainable lifestyle.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 54 faculty members from six Higher Education Institutions in Bangladesh were interviewed based on a semi-structured questionnaire on the barriers to a sustainable lifestyle in Dhaka city, while their personality traits were assessed using the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Big Five Factors and the Connectedness to Nature Scale through a survey.FindingsThe results state that Empathic Concern and Fantasy, as dimensions of empathy, have strong positive correlations with feeling connected to nature. The physical, social and psychological challenges also cause fewer people to lead a sustainable lifestyle, despite feeling highly connected to nature.Research limitations/implicationsSustainability efforts need to be context-specific due to localized challenges the people face. While educators play a key role in mainstreaming sustainability, generalizing the findings of the study to the wider population is limited. Further investigation to explore demographic and socioeconomic factors will provide key insights to the determinants of sustainable behavior.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight that educational institutions can play a key role in the development of empathy and sustainability education, while addressing the need for good governance and policies in mainstreaming sustainability for attaining the Sustainable Development Goals Agenda 2030.Originality/valueFew studies have been conducted to understand sustainable behavior in Bangladesh and identify effective methods to promote sustainability. This study provides insights to sustainable behavior in the context of a least-developed country. Additionally, it will support educational institutions to work toward sustainable development by enabling empathic skills development in curricula, leading to more concrete sustainability efforts.

Analyzing the Impact of Subsectors and Population Growth on Agricultural Sector in Pakistan

The agriculture sector in Pakistan plays its vital role for providing food security and economic stability. Pakistan's agriculture sector comprises various subsectors i.e. crops, livestock, fisheries, and forestry. Agriculture growth is threatened by the growth of these subsectors and the impact of population growth on it. No significant research has been conducted in Pakistan to study the statistical significance of these subsectors and their relationship with population growth. This study analyzes data from 2005 to 2023. Regression analysis is used to identify and to compare the statistical significance of all sub sectors of agriculture growth with population growth rate. Average growth rates found positive for agriculture, major crops, livestock, fisheries, and population, while negative for forestry. Model found good fit with R2 0.936. Major crops, livestock, and fisheries have positive and statistically significant impacts on Pakistan's agricultural growth, with coefficients of 0.316, 0.426, and 0.015, while forestry and population reported negative and statistically insignificant results with coefficients of -0.019 and -0.273. This research laid out good policy decisions aimed at boosting agricultural growth in Pakistan.

Deep Reinforcement Learning for One-Warehouse Multi-Retailer inventory management

The One-Warehouse Multi-Retailer (OWMR) system is the prototypical distribution and inventory system. Many OWMR variants exist, e.g. demand in excess of supply may be completely back-ordered, partially back-ordered, or lost. Prior research has focused on the study of heuristic reordering policies such as echelon base-stock levels coupled with heuristic allocation policies. Constructing well-performing policies is time-consuming and must be redone for every problem variant. By contrast, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is a general purpose technique for sequential decision making that has yielded good results for various challenging inventory systems. However, applying DRL to OWMR problems is nontrivial, since allocation involves setting a quantity for each retailer: The number of possible allocations grows exponentially in the number of retailers. Since each action is typically associated with a neural network output node, this renders standard DRL techniques intractable. Our proposed DRL algorithm instead inferences a multi-discrete action distribution which has output nodes that grow linearly in the number of retailers. Moreover, when total retailer orders exceed the available warehouse inventory, we propose a random rationing policy that substantially improves the ability of standard DRL algorithms to train good policies because it promotes the learning of feasible retailer order quantities. The resulting algorithm outperforms general-purpose benchmark policies by ∼1−3% for the lost sales case and by ∼12−20% for the partial back-ordering case. For complete back-ordering, the algorithm cannot consistently outperform the benchmark.

The Issue of Equity Taking Research on Partnership Program Development to Scale in Practice

Looking to the future, a very challenging topic in the U. S. and in other nations is the “scaleability” of research-based (or evidence-based) results of partnership programs and practices. After more than three decades of studies by countless researchers that confirm the importance of school, family, and community partnerships for student success in school, it is imperative to translate research to good policy and useful practice so that more schools—indeed all schools— organize effective programs to engage parents, other family members, and community partners in ways that support student success in school. There are opportunities in each nation to attain this imperative and there are challenges that limit progress. What have we learned about both opportunities and challenges to press forward so that schools develop and sustain goal-linked partnership programs to increase student achievement, good behavior, postsecondary planning, and other indicators of success? This question is at the heart of the equity issues discussed at ERNAPE-Lisboa.

How do Fintech and green bonds ensure clean energy production in China? Dynamics of green investment risk.

This study inquiry examines the vital role that Fintech and green bonds play in ensuring that China generates clean energy in a comprehensive manner, taking into consideration the mechanisms of green investment risk. This paper provides exciting new insights on the link between financial technology (Fintech), green bonds, and China's clean energy economy by using a reliable approach and doing an in-depth data analysis. The findings provide a significant contribution to our understanding of how Fintech may help enable financing for renewable energy projects by using digital platforms, mobile payment technologies, and blockchain technology to boost investor confidence and accessibility to funds for clean energy projects. This aspect of green bonds is emphasized since the study highlights the importance of sustainable energy generation. The need of proactive regulatory frameworks that are able to adjust to the shifting Fintech and green bond markets while supporting good policies, motivating factors, and efficient risk management procedures is emphasized in the research. The study contributes to the enlightenment of academic discourse, focuses efforts at policymaking, and gives knowledge that is helpful to people who are working to promote a greener and more sustainable future.

The LANDSUPPORT geospatial decision support system (S‐DSS) vision: Operational tools to implement sustainability policies in land planning and management

AbstractNowadays, there is contrasting evidence between the ongoing continuing and widespread environmental degradation and the many means to implement environmental sustainability actions starting from good policies (e.g. EU New Green Deal, CAP), powerful technologies (e.g. new satellites, drones, IoT sensors), large databases and large stakeholder engagement (e.g. EIP‐AGRI, living labs). Here, we argue that to tackle the above contrasting issues dealing with land degradation, it is very much required to develop and use friendly and freely available web‐based operational tools to support both the implementation of environmental and agriculture policies and enable to take positive environmental sustainability actions by all stakeholders. Our solution is the S‐DSS LANDSUPPORT platform, consisting of a free web‐based smart Geospatial CyberInfrastructure containing 15 macro‐tools (and more than 100 elementary tools), co‐designed with different types of stakeholders and their different needs, dealing with sustainability in agriculture, forestry and spatial planning. LANDSUPPORT condenses many features into one system, the main ones of which were (i) Web‐GIS facilities, connection with (ii) satellite data, (iii) Earth Critical Zone data and (iv) climate datasets including climate change and weather forecast data, (v) data cube technology enabling us to read/write when dealing with very large datasets (e.g. daily climatic data obtained in real time for any region in Europe), (vi) a large set of static and dynamic modelling engines (e.g. crop growth, water balance, rural integrity, etc.) allowing uncertainty analysis and what if modelling and (vii) HPC (both CPU and GPU) to run simulation modelling ‘on‐the‐fly’ in real time. Two case studies (a third case is reported in the Supplementary materials), with their results and stats, covering different regions and spatial extents and using three distinct operational tools all connected to lower land degradation processes (Crop growth, Machine Learning Forest Simulator and GeOC), are featured in this paper to highlight the platform's functioning. Landsupport is used by a large community of stakeholders and will remain operational, open and free long after the project ends. This position is rooted in the evidence showing that we need to leave these tools as open as possible and engage as much as possible with a large community of users to protect soils and land.

Promoting healthy ageing in the Western Pacific: A mini review of good practices and policy responses.

The Western Pacific Region is experiencing rapid population ageing, which has implications for almost all areas of society. Countries will need to prepare for population ageing by investing in health and optimizing living environments. This requires a whole-of-society approach to healthy ageing. Countries in the Western Pacific Region have been making significant progress in healthy ageing. Since the endorsement of the Regional Action Plan on Healthy Ageing, younger societies have also started preparing for population ageing, focusing on social and health systems transformation, community-based integrated care, social and technological innovations and research, monitoring and evaluation. As more countries are interested in healthy ageing and preparing for necessary social and health systems transformation, the case studies in this article can be an inspiration for Member States to transform their approaches to achieving a society where older adults are healthier and can participate fully.

Động lực làm việc của điều dưỡng và một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng tại Trung tâm y tế Huyện Vạn Ninh, Tỉnh Khánh Hòa năm 2023

Objective: Describe and analyze some factors affecting the working motivation of nurses at the Medical Center of Van Ninh district, Khanh Hoa province in 2023. Methods: Cross-sectional study, quantitative combined with qualitative. Quantitative data were collected through interviews with 86 nurses. Qualitative data were collected through 09 in-depth interviews and 01 group discussion with representatives of leaders and representatives of faculties/departments. Results: The percentage of nurses who are motivated to work together is 70.9%. Percentage of motivated nurses with conscientiousness factor, job satisfaction factor, and organizational commitment factor are: 86%; 76.7%; 75.6%. Factors that positively affect the staff of the nurse: increased income, good relationship between colleagues, nature of work, career advancement, recognition of achievements, good management policy. Factors that both negatively affect work motivation: Salary, working conditions, professional training, relationship between leaders and employees. Recommendations: Medical centers need to pay special attention to the issue of salary on time, improve facilities, create opportunities to improve the professional qualifications of nurses. Keywords: Working motivation, nursing, influencing factors, Van Ninh Medical Center

The Impact of Government Institutions on the Attainment of Good Governance for Sustainable Development in Nigeria Under the Buhari Administration (2015-2023)

Objective: This paper aims to present a comprehensive analysis of the impact of government institutions on the attainment of good governance for sustainable development in Nigeria during the Buhari Administration (2015-2023). It focuses on government institutions' statutory functions in relation to good governance, sustainable development policies, and legislative and policy reforms to promote good governance and sustainable development. Theoretical Framework: This study is underpinned by institutional theory, which de-emphasizes self-interest. The establishment and upkeep of governance institutions exemplify an unwavering dedication, irrespective of the outcomes. The theory of institutions elucidates the growth and structural dynamics of public sectors, drawing upon illustrative instances of successful organizations across various nations. Government institutions and state agencies in Nigeria bear the responsibility of executing good governance policies and assessing their impact on sustainable development. Method: The study employed a straightforward sampling strategy to gather data from 101 individuals from 17 government agencies in Nigeria. A questionnaire was employed as a means of data collection. The questionnaire's validation process involved using Lawshe's template, resulting in a content validity ratio (CVR) of 1. Additionally, the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using the Cronbach alpha technique, yielding a coefficient alpha value of 0.80. The survey was conducted using a method that did not include direct contact with the participants and the data obtained was analyzed by calculating the frequency of responses and expressing them as percentages. Findings: A higher number of participants recognized their legal responsibilities in accordance with good governance. Sustainable development policies were ineffective, limiting their success. From 2015 to 2023, Buhari's policies failed to ensure lasting good governance and development. Statistical significance was established using chi-square statistics, showing a p-value of .000 (p < 0.05). Thus, effective governance duties of government institutions are linked to sustainable development policy success. Corruption, bureaucratic inefficiency, and inefficiency plague institutions seeking excellent governance for sustainable development. Conclusion: Sustainable development requires a balance between effective policies and governance structures. The Federal Republic of Nigeria's constitution requires government institutions to carefully follow their constitutional commitments.

Which policies have been implemented to achieve healthy diets from sustainable food systems at the local level across East and West Africa? Results from a policy mapping across 8 African countries

Abstract Introduction Policymakers make decisions that shape food systems (from production, to consumption, to waste). According to the United Nations a quarter of the global population by 2050 will be African, agriculture is the source of livelihood for 70% of the African population, and the continent faces multiple forms of malnutrition simultaneously. After having compiled an evidence-based list of 44 good practice policies with double- and triple-duty potential to address food systems, based on a scoping review and workshops with international experts, we aimed to identify the implementation level of those good practice policies at national and local levels across 8 African countries. Methods In October 2022, a detailed policy mapping started at national and local levels across two African regions, in 8 countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Senegal, Tanzania, Togo and Uganda). Evidence of policy development and/or implementation was gathered across those 44 good practice policies, including, among others, information on jurisdiction, responsible government departments and agencies, overarching strategies, regulatory objectives of the policies, and whether policies address nutrition inequalities and/or women's empowerment. The results from the mapping will be analysed using Excel and NVivo12 software program. Results The final results will be available by June 2023. Our results will provide information on the role and potential of local governments to address food systems across African countries. In particular, the results will offer insight on the policy stakeholders involved, on ongoing national, regional or local plans and priorities, and on best examples of local public policies that have positively impacted human or planetary health across different domains of the food system. Conclusions The results from the mapping could inform similar studies across European countries, or inspiration for actions by local policymakers across Europe.

5.C. Skills building seminar: Leveraging local government policies to improve food systems for public and planetary health

Abstract Changing food systems is one of the most promising and impactful ways to address nutrition and health, climate change and environmental degradation. The International Network for Food and Obesity/NCDs Research Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS) developed the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food-EPI) to measure the extent of implementation of healthy food environment policies by governments compared to international best practice. The Food-EPI provides a mechanism to assess government policies and infrastructure support to create healthy food environments. The Food-EPI tool covers seven food policy areas, including composition, labelling, promotion, prices, provision, retail and trade, and six measures of infrastructure, including leadership, governance, funding, monitoring, platforms and health-in-all-policies. The Food-EPI process includes the drafting of a comprehensive evidence document on the implementation of policies, verified by government stakeholders and the assessment of those policies, as well as identification of priority policy actions by an expert panel at the national level. The tool and process were pilot tested and implemented in New Zealand in 2014 and then again in 2017 and 2020. Since 2014, about 50 countries have implemented Food-EPI at the national level, including more than 10 European countries. There is increasing demand for a similar monitoring tool and process which can be used at the municipal/city government level to assess government actions addressing food systems for both public and planetary health. Local governments can often make more rapid progress than national governments, but on the other hand may not have jurisdiction in all critical policy areas. INFORMAS recently developed a new Food Systems Policy Index, based on a compilation of international recommendations for good practice government policies to address food systems and a scoping review on the potential effectiveness of the recommended good practice policies and interventions to improve nutrition and environmental sustainability outcomes. The new index covers policies addressing food supply chains and food environments, and is being implemented in a range of West and East African and European countries and cities. The purpose of the workshop is to discuss the role and potential of local level government (cities and municipalities) policies in addressing food systems to improve both public and planetary. The workshop will have several key presentations, some with a more global perspective and some with a very practical local perspective. Together with the panelists and the audience, the key opportunities and challenges will be discussed for European cities and municipalities to address food systems, as well as the role of monitoring and benchmarking policy implementation to increase local actions on food systems. Key messages • Monitoring and benchmarking the policy implementation to address food systems to improve public and planetary health by governments is key to increase accountability for action. • A better understanding on the role and potential of local government policies in addressing food systems can be beneficial to accelerate and innovate policy implementation.