Global Themes Research Articles

How does the regulatory context influence systems thinking in work health and safety (WHS) inspectors?

Work-related incidents can impact gravely on those directly involved with them and their effects can ripple throughout society. Work health and safety (WHS) incident investigations aim to determine causes and implement controls. Systems thinking is a contemporary philosophy for accident causation, but has yet to be widely adopted by regulatory incident investigators. This study examined WHS inspector perceptions and understanding of systems thinking to identify the factors influencing these within the regulatory context. A qualitative orientation including the scenario invention task technique was used to elicit rich insights from regulatory inspectors (N = 22) in one-to-one interviews. Thematic networks analysis revealed three organising themes: (1) Systems thinking = thinking in Safety Management Systems, reflecting a misattribution of systems thinking to procedures, processes and policies; (2) the WHS regulatory inspector role is multifaceted and has an inherent complexity, reflecting the challenges and dualities in the role; and (3) the WHS regulatory context narrows even as it focuses incident investigation, reflecting the process-orientation and congruence of a lower system level focus with legislation. Despite an unfamiliarity with systems thinking, some aspects were represented across scenarios (multiplicity, inter-relationships, changes over time), others were minimal (non-linearity), and some absent (e.g., emergence). The global theme was tunnel vision, conceptualised as an inability, limited capacity, or reluctance to consider alternatives to the preferred line of thought induced by the regulatory context. This narrowed the decision space towards immediate causes of breaches and away from broader systems influences. Implications of the findings and future research directions are given.

Integrative modeling of lncRNA-chromatin interaction maps reveals diverse mechanisms of nuclear retention

BackgroundMany long non-coding RNAs, known to be involved in transcriptional regulation, are enriched in the nucleus and interact with chromatin. However, their mechanisms of chromatin interaction and the served cellular functions are poorly understood. We sought to characterize the mechanisms of lncRNA nuclear retention by systematically mapping the sequence and chromatin features that distinguish lncRNA-interacting genomic segments.ResultsWe found DNA 5-mer frequencies to be predictive of chromatin interactions for all lncRNAs, suggesting sequence-specificity as a global theme in the interactome. Sequence features representing protein-DNA and protein-RNA binding motifs revealed potential mechanisms for specific lncRNAs. Complementary to these global themes, transcription-related features and DNA-RNA triplex formation potential were noted to be highly predictive for two mutually exclusive sets of lncRNAs. DNA methylation was also noted to be a significant predictor, but only when combined with other epigenomic features.ConclusionsTaken together, our statistical findings suggest that a group of lncRNAs interacts with transcriptionally inactive chromatin through triplex formation, whereas another group interacts with transcriptionally active regions and is involved in DNA Damage Response (DDR) through formation of R-loops. Curiously, we observed a strong pattern of enrichment of 5-mers in four potentially interacting entities: lncRNA-bound DNA tiles, lncRNAs, miRNA seed sequences, and repeat elements. This finding points to a broad sequence-based network of interactions that may underlie regulation of fundamental cellular functions. Overall, this study reveals diverse sequence and chromatin features related to lncRNA-chromatin interactions, suggesting potential mechanisms of nuclear retention and regulatory function.

"I won't get to live my life the way I planned it":A qualitative analysis of the experiences of adolescents and young adults with advanced cancer.

Individuals with advanced cancer face complex challenges, including prognostic uncertainty and evolving goals of care. Despite the unique psychosocial support needs of adolescents and young adults (AYAs), few studies have specifically examined AYA perspectives of and experiences with advanced cancer. The objective of this study was to describe the experience, needs, and perspectives of pediatric AYAs with advanced cancer. We invited English-speaking AYAs (age 14-25 years) who were receiving treatment for advanced cancer at our single tertiary pediatric cancer center to participate in semi-structured interviews. We used directed content analysis for codebook development and then applied in-depth thematic network analysis to describe their perspectives and experiences with advanced cancer. A total of 32 AYAs (86% of approached) completed interviews. A slight majority were male (59%) and non-Hispanic White (56%). Most were diagnosed with leukemia/lymphoma, had recurrent disease (84%), and were a mean 53 months from initial diagnosis. Organizing themes of "not being able to beat this," "not wanting to miss out," and "living each day" generated the global theme "do I have a future?" "Making tough medical decisions," "adjusting life/plans/perspectives," and "decisions about dying" were organized into the global theme "those decisions … were really hard." "Feeling like there is no one to talk to," "being away from family and friends," and "feeling like a burden" generated the global theme "I felt very alone." Pediatric AYAs with advanced cancer describe unique challenges. Psychological support interventions are needed to empower AYAs to navigate difficult decisions and to cope with isolation.

Creating Accurate Citations in Academic Writing by Using Endnote X9

With the development of information technology, today’s scholars can store references in their library and use it to format citations in academic writing. This phenomenological paper describes how I modified the Endnote X9 reference types and the APA 7th output style; and how I entered the components of citation into the fields for each of the basic reference types in the reference window of the Endnote library to create accurate in-text and end-text citations focusing on the latter one. For this, I utilized my lived experience of using the software for the purpose as a practitioner, trainer, and teacher of it as the data. I present the findings under two global themes of modification of the reference types and the APA 7th output style, and the management of sources in the library for the purpose of their accurate citations in word document. On the findings of this study, it has been drawn that the EndNote X9, with slight modification of some of the reference types and the APA 7th output style, creates accurate citations of various sources if we assign the accurate reference types to them and enter the data appropriately in each relevant reference fields in the Endnote library. This paper is expected to be useful to the academic writers for systematizing citation in their work.

Global Citizenship and Cosmopolitanism in Burnt Shadows and the Inheritance of Loss

The study of global ties is the focus of cosmopolitanism. Cultural, ethnic, and racial harmony are among its stated goals. This research analyses the effects of cosmopolitanism and globalization on the construction of authority and individuality in the novels The Inheritance of Loss and Burnt Shadows. Bhabha's (1994) framework was used for the analysis. The research found that cosmopolitanism is influenced by both cultural and social elements. Examining the effects of cosmopolitanism on postcolonial art is the focus of this research. Postcolonial scholars and others will be impacted by the study. It emphasizes comparative literature from around the world. This method encourages researchers to delve deeper into how postcolonial literature's global themes have influenced contemporary debates. The findings may stimulate further conversations on how to deal with issues of self and authority in a globalized society, as suggested by the paper's conclusion.

Implementation of Celebrating Diversity in the Global Diversity Theme Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) in Class VB SD Baiturrohman GMI

Character education is now a focal point in Indonesia's education system, aligning with national development goals to cultivate students who embody faith, piety, noble character, health, knowledge, competence, creativity, independence, and responsibility. To counter the erosion of moral values in adolescents influenced by modernization and globalization, effective character education implementation is crucial. Since the 2013 curriculum is deemed ineffective, the project-based independent curriculum aims to fortify students' characters. SD Baiturrohman GMI Jember is among the schools that have adopted this approach. This qualitative research illustrates the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5), emphasizing tolerance in Class V-B SD Baiturrohman GMI. P5, themed "Global Diversity," unfolds in four stages: Variety of Greetings, Celebrations, Virtual Tours, and Collaboration in the Virtual World. Students engage in enjoyable activities like treasure hunting, crafting board games, virtual tourism exploration, and collaborative online ventures. Notably, these activities enhance understanding and practice of tolerance, showcasing the effectiveness of project-based learning facilitated by teachers. However, further efforts are required to ensure all students achieve the P5 goals.

가상(VR) 박물관 관람객 참여도 제고를 위한 개선 방안 연구

As a public place for collecting, researching and displaying cultural relics, museums provide people with opportunities to get in touch with culture and history, visit and learn, and are deeply loved by people. With the development of science and technology, virtual museum has become a new form used in many museums. Virtual museums use advanced technology to provide visitors with a rich museum experience on a network platform. In the “2021 Global Theme Parks and Museums Report” published by TEA, the 6 most popular virtual museums were selected as the research objects. The research method is to analyze the current situation of the virtual museum and the experience of the visitors, grasp the existing problems of the virtual museum, and propose the direction of improvement. Through questionnaire survey and spss analysis method, it verifies the impact of various factors on tourists' participation, and deeply understands the needs and expectations of tourists. The results of the study show that the participation of visitors in the virtual museum is mainly affected by various factors such as visual effects, interactivity, number of exhibitions/area, content of virtual exhibits, and technology. These factors determine the overall experience and satisfaction of visitors to the virtual museum. These factors can be improved in the future to promote the development of virtual museums.

Dwelling into the Role of Ahamkara in Academic Performance: A Qualitative Inquiry

A student's academic performance is conditioned on factors within the pupil or outside, in the environment. The Western body of knowledge emphasizes the positive role of ‘Self’ and related variables such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, self-confidence, and others on the academic performance of students. An Indian counterpart to the concept of self is ‘Aham’. The present study aimed at qualitatively understanding the role of Ahamkara in the academic performance of school students. For this purpose, a semi-structured interview technique was utilised for data collection. A total of 11 interviews were recorded and transcribed. Thematic Network analysis framework forwarded by Attride-Sterling (2001) was utilized for data analysis. Based on the analysis 4 global themes emerged. They are: Formation and maintenance of a sense of self through Identification; Active engagement of Self in the learning process leads to growth; Ignorance of Self, a path to failure; and Failure an opportunity to maintain the optimal sense of self.

Natural flood management: Lessons and opportunities from the catastrophic 2021–2022 floods in eastern Australia

AbstractNatural flood management (NFM), a nature‐based solution to flood mitigation where hydrological and biophysical processes are harnessed to reduce flow velocity, erosive energy and flood risk, is an emerging global theme of water and river management. The catastrophic 2021 and 2022 floods in eastern Australia are used to assess the hydrological properties of discrete events and to start an investigation of whether widespread changes in flood hydrology are occurring. We find that most coastal rivers in New South Wales (NSW) had a noticeable decrease in flood wave celerity (increase in flood travel time) when the 2021 and 2022 floods are contrasted with equivalent floods since the 1970s and that several also exhibit increases in flood peak attenuation. For some rivers, there is a coincident trend between these changing flood properties, riparian vegetation regrowth (regreening) and geomorphic recovery over the last +30 years. These may be the first signals that passive riparian management is counteracting some of the more severe hydrological effects of floods on these rivers and that some degree of NFM is possible. Lessons from this work are that there is an immediate opportunity to implement large‐scale NFM in coastal catchments of NSW, but this will only occur if we re‐examine current flood mitigation and adaption strategies and recognise and prioritise nature‐based solutions that include space‐to‐flood and corridors of river recovery, as essential parts of the modern flood mitigation toolkit.

Iranian women, e-learning, and experience of motherhood in the age of COVID-19: An analysis of mothers’ lived experience of their children's e-learning

The present study aimed to explore the lived experience of Iranian mothers about the process of e-learning for their children by way of a qualitative approach and phenomenological study. Semi-structured telephone interviews were held with 28 mothers residing in Tehran (the capital of Iran) in the second half of 2021. Maximum variation sampling was carried out to recruit a variety of interviewees, and theoretical sampling was performed to reach conceptual saturation. The interview data were encoded by thematic analysis. The themes were classified into the three categories of basic, organizing, and global themes. The research findings showed that Iranian mothers have been faced with multiple challenges, burdens, and inequalities with respect to their children's e-learning during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Family-centered and mother-centered e-learning, motherhood at the intersection of multiple identities, mothers’ multiple fears and concerns, and gender inequality in parental duties constituted a major part of the lived experience of Iranian mothers during the pandemic. In total, the findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the multiple responsibilities of women, especially about their children, and has delegated a double burden of education responsibilities to mothers.

Teaching English for Legal Purposes to Undergraduate Translation Majors

To enable students majoring in translation at the College of Languages and Translation to read, identify the lexical and syntactic features of legal documents and hence comprehend their content, this article proposes an instructional module for teaching English for Legal Purposes (ELP). The module should be based on the assessment of the students’ proficiency level in English and analysis of their academic and professional need. It consists of the most common legal terms such as (alias, amicus, peosequi, res judicata, puisine, puis ne, estoppel fee, simple laches, quash); grammatical structures common in legal documents such as the use of long and complex sentences, conditional clauses, adverbial clusters, long complicated nominal groups, the modal auxiliary shall, and French word order (court martial, heir apparent, secretary general); reading legal documents such as insurance policies, wills, statutes, contracts and agreements between individuals, leases, petitions, investigations...etc. Global legal themes are integrated in the practice material. The students practice listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation. They learn the legal terms and grammatical structures in context (through the text). The instructor performs text analysis. Together with the students, she goes through a legal text, locates legal terms and syntactic structures, and explains and/or translates them. Then the students perform text analysis of new legal texts. Numerous technologies can be integrated into teaching and learning ELP. Assignments are posted on Blackboard LMS, a blog or a social media page. At the end of the instructional period, the students are tested, and the ELP module is evaluated by the students and legal translation instructors. The article recommends that ELP be student-centered. The students should have an active role in the learning process where they select legal topics to read, talk, write about and translate.

A Pilot Math Anxiety Storybook Approach to Normalize Math Talk in Children and to Support Emotion Regulation

ABSTRACT Research and education stakeholders in the United Kingdom (UK) acknowledge math anxiety as a detriment to learning math and associated with performance deficits, avoidance, and limiting career opportunities. Support approaches and strategies have typically focused on instruction and emotion regulation, but not necessarily in younger children using a more sustainable resource, such as a targeted storybook approach. Therefore, in this qualitative study, children age 6–7 years (N = 15) across two UK primary schools took part in 1:1 discussion surrounding engagement with a math anxiety storybook approach. Following reflexive thematic analysis, three global themes were identified: [A] Math Application: (1) counting and (2) mathematical language; [B] Strategies: (1) social learning and (2) resilience and self-regulation; and [C] Emotive Responses: (1) perceptions of self and math and (2) success and happiness. Overall, our findings suggest that children successfully engaged with a storybook approach – with integrated math problems – that normalized math talk in a non-judgment-based environment and led to more positive perspectives of math and more resilient approaches and solutions. We discuss these findings in relation to developing emotion regulation using a sustainable and flexible resource.

Factors influencing surgeon well-being: qualitatively exploring the joy of surgery.

There has been considerable research into burnout but much less into how surgeons thrive and find joy. This study, conducted by the SAGES Reimagining the Practice of Surgery Task Force, explored factors influencing surgeon well-being, the eventual goal being translating findings into tangible changes to help restore the joy in surgery. This was a qualitative, descriptive study. Purposive sampling ensured representation across ages, genders, ethnicities, practice types, and geographies. Semi-structured interviews were recorded and transcribed. We coded inductively, finalized the codebook by consensus, and then constructed a thematic network. Global themes formed our conclusions; organizing themes gave additional detail. Analysis was facilitated by NVivo. We interviewed 17 surgeons from the US and Canada. Total interview time was 15hours. Our global and organizing themes were: Stressors (Work-life Integration, Administration-related Concerns, Time and Productivity Pressures, Operating Room Factors, and Lack of Respect). Satisfaction (Service, Challenge, Autonomy, Leadership, and Respect and Recognition). Support (Team, Personal Life, Leaders, and Institutions). Values (Professional and Personal). Suggestions (Individual, Practice, and System level). Values, stressors, and satisfaction influenced perspectives on support. Experiences of support shaped suggestions. All participants reported stressors and satisfiers. Surgeons at all stages enjoyed operating and being of service. Supports and suggestions included compensation and infrastructure, but human resources were most critical. To experience joy, surgeons needed high-functioning clinical teams, good leaders/mentors, and supportive family/social networks. Our results indicated organizations could (1) better understand surgeons' values, like autonomy; (2) provide more time for satisfiers, like patient relationship building; (3) minimize stressors, like time and financial pressures; and (4) at all levels focus on (4a) building teams and leaders and (4b) giving surgeons time and space for healthy family/social lives. Next steps include developing an assessment tool for individual institutions to build "joy improvement plans" and to inform surgical associations' advocacy efforts.

Learning to use music as a resource: the experiences of people with dementia and their family care partners participating in a home-based skill-sharing music intervention: a HOMESIDE sub-study.

An increasing number of people with dementia receive informal care from family members to help them remain living in the community. Music therapy is particularly beneficial for supporting the wellbeing of people living with dementia. However, little is known about how music therapy might support people with dementia and their family care partners as dyads. This study explored the experiences of six dyads participating in a 12-week home-based skill-sharing music intervention facilitated by a music therapist. We examined their experiences during the intervention period and in the 3-6 months following. This study was conducted within a larger randomised control trial, HOMESIDE. Data was collected through video-recorded music-based interviews, participant diaries, and a semi-structured interview. Data was analysed using an abductive and relational-centred research approach in consideration of the Contextual Connection Model of Health Musicking for People Living with Dementia and Their Family Care Partners. The study found fifteen themes that describe dyads' supported experiences of sharing music in their homes. These were organised into three global themes: (1) experiences were shaped by complex influences; (2) a connected musical ecosystem; and (3) music was a resource for wellbeing. This study highlighted the important role of personalised facilitation and the therapeutic relationship as dyads learned to use music as a resource through a process of trial and error. The implications for skill-sharing, indirect music therapy and direct music therapy practice are discussed.

Brazilian Urban Policy: Sustainability as a Driving Force

Defining global themes such as Urban Policy, Urban Sustainability, and even the Right to the City (RTTC) is fundamental to stimulating and establishing a continuous dialogue with the scientific community, mainly in the social sciences. Thus, understanding the dynamics around the scope of urban sustainability requires an analysis that is focused on multiple global realities. Taking a holistic view of Brazilian Urban Policy, this entry looks at the historical contexts that make urban sustainability the driving force behind this policy. In addition, an interdisciplinary consideration of urban sustainability is proposed using an analysis that is based on the connection between urban policies and social functions that reflect the idea of a sustainable city. The results of this analysis also point to the need for a continuous debate on the subject that primarily promotes new discoveries; this is so that the driving force of urban policy can gain new meanings and new guidelines can be implemented.

Preventing violent and hateful extremism: comparing the experiences of domestic Swedish and international humanitarian-development NGOs

ABSTRACT In Sweden, local authorities are encouraged to cooperate with civil society to promote resilience to violent extremism. However, some (mostly Muslim) organisations are approached with suspicion and sometimes accused of not subscribing to basic democratic principles. Along with cooperation and resilience, suspicion seems to be a recurrent and global theme in the relationship between the prevention of violent and hateful extremism (VHE) and civil society. This paper builds on empirical research by the author and others, which examined how NGOs and FBOs operating within Sweden conducted and were challenged by preventive work. The paper compares results from the Swedish study against findings from international humanitarian-development NGOs via a scoping study to examine the similar and different dynamics around cooperation, resilience, and suspicion in prevention of VHE. Results will help progress the discussion on the challenges that civil society faces in its attempts to promote resilience to VHE.

Global trends and themes in genetic counseling research.

This article seeks to highlight the most recent trends and themes in genetic counseling that are of broad interest. A total of 3505 documents were published between 1952 and 2021, with a trend toward increase in paper/year. The most common documents are original articles (2515, 71.8%), followed by review articles (341, 9.7%). Journal of Genetic Counseling publishes the highest number of genetic counseling articles (587, 16.7%), followed by Clinical Genetics (103, 2.9%) and the South American Journal of Medical Genetics (95, 2.7%). Co-occurrence analysis revealed five research themes: genetic testing, cancer, genetic counselor, prenatal diagnosis, and psychiatry. The genetic counselor theme contained most of the recent keywords, including "covid-19," "underrepresented population," "service delivery models," "workforce," "disparities," "service delivery," "professional development," "cultural competence," "access," "diversity," "telemedicine," and "health literacy." Genetic counseling researchers may use these keywords to find topics pertinent to their future research and practice.

Challenges to diagnosing and managing preeclampsia in a low-resource setting: A qualitative study of obstetric provider perspectives from Ghana.

Preeclampsia is a leading cause of global maternal morbidity and mortality. The greatest burden of disease is in low- and middle-income countries where healthcare providers face significant, understudied, challenges to diagnosing and managing preeclampsia. This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore the challenges of diagnosing and managing preeclampsia from the perspectives of obstetric doctors. Participants were doctors who provide obstetric care at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, an urban tertiary hospital in Ghana. Purposive sampling identified doctors with meaningful experience in managing patients with preeclampsia. Thematic saturation of data was used to determine sample size. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, coded using an iteratively-developed codebook, and thematically analyzed. Interviews were conducted with 22 participants, consisting of 4 house officers, 6 junior obstetrics/gynecology residents, 8 senior obstetrics/gynecology residents, and 4 obstetrics/gynecology consultants. Doctors identified critical challenges faced at the patient, provider, and systems levels in detecting and managing preeclampsia, each of which mediates the health outcomes of a pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. Challenges centered around three overarching global themes: (1) low education levels and health literacy among women, (2) insufficient number of healthcare providers highly trained in obstetric care, and (3) inadequate health infrastructure to support critically ill patients with preeclampsia. Recognizing and addressing root challenges to preeclampsia care has great potential to improve outcomes in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia in low-resource settings.

Resilience through the lens of entrepreneurship: a bibliometric analysis and network mapping of the emerging research field

Purpose Resilience has evolved as a dynamic process in the entrepreneurship field. The purpose of this paper is to outline a comprehensive structure to analyse the patterns and trends in the publications of the existing literature at the junction of entrepreneurship and resilience. With the help of bibliometric and network analysis, this study offers insights into the topic that have not been evaluated and assessed by previous reviews. Design/methodology/approach A computerised search of 104 papers was performed using the Scopus database, and graphical visualisation of the bibliographic material was developed using VOSviewer software. Findings This comprehensive bibliometric mapping helps in the graphical visualisation of publication evolution of the domain along with identifying present research trends and possible future directions. There is not much collaborative research in the field, as most prolific thinkers work in isolation or in pairs. Hence, there are limited publications in top-rated journals. Future researchers need to work collaboratively to produce high-quality papers. Developed nations make a sound contribution to the field. The exact significance of resilience in entrepreneurship is yet to be determined due to a wide variety of themes that reflect the multi-disciplinary nature of the domain. Originality/value Uncovering the trends and developments of the field, this study provides a global perspective and potential themes lying at the junction of resilience and entrepreneurship. Hence, this study provides a robust roadmap for future researchers interested in this area.

Psychosocial and Physical Challenges from a Natural Hazard: Implications for Resilience in the Black Community

This study explored the impact of Hurricane Michael within the Black community in Bay County and surrounding regions in the Florida Panhandle. It is imperative to investigate the challenges and resilience factors among historically marginalized populations to assist with empowering the community to rebuild and regain a sense of normalcy. Focus groups and interviews were conducted to expose victims’ lived experiences with accessing community, federal, and local resources after Hurricane Michael. Thematic network analysis was developed to present a visual representation of the psychosocial, environmental, and social justice issues encountered by the Black community following Hurricane Michael. A weblike depiction of the data yielded a global theme of psychosocial and psychological trauma; organizing themes based on resiliency, environmental, social justice, and mental health issues among adults and children; and basic themes regarding racism, discrimination, and ineffective assistance from local and federal agencies. The crisis intervention theory provides a framework for organizing pertinent resources within Black communities after severe natural hazards. Findings indicate the need for culturally competent counselors who understand the challenges and resilience of the Black community and to assist with rebuilding efforts.