1. Introduction Fundamental changes taking place in the world economic scene today require improvement of competitiveness among the Russian higher education institutions of the global educational service market. Among the priorities of Russian educational service market development are building a competitive advantage on the global educational market, economic feasibility of financial sources and the amount of funding for training professional staff; and the role of the government in solving the problems of higher education institutions. Modernization of the entire educational system is required as well as availability of higher education for various population groups in Russia and the improvement of its quality in line with the international standards. Lack of full scientific certainty in regard to these problems and their significance prove high relevance of the chosen theme and suggest detailed research of the higher professional education market in the Russian Federation. The works of many Russian scientists and experts made a significant contribution to the research of relationships between educational system and economy. Among the authors are Kuzminov et al. (2013), Silanteva (2009), Chebotareva (2012) and others. The problems of economic relations in educational system were demonstrated in the works by Baydenko et al. (2004), Lobovskaya et al. (2005) and others. Abroad the problem of efficiency of educational services in transition economy is actively studied by Eastern European scientists among which in particular are Ciurlau et al. (2012), Neamtu et al. (2009).Certain aspects of improving competitiveness of educational system are covered in the works of Dearden et al. (2014), Cellini et al. (2014), Laureti et al. (2014) and others. After Russia accepted Bologna Convention, Bologna educational system is actively introduced in our country everywhere (pl. refer to the Conference of European Ministers Responsible for Higher Education, 2005). Bologna Process is a process of volunteer participation of European educational systems oriented toward creation of integrated learning and scientific environment. 2. Method For our analysis we used both universal research methods such as analysis and synthesis, and the method of scientific abstraction. Analysis is the method of mental division of the research subject into components and studying each component separately. Synthesis is opposite to analysis. Method of scientific abstraction is understood as the way of research based on emphasizing only the most important, significant and recurrent. These universal research methods are often applied in empirical studies. We also use a number of statistical methods, in particular, the method of statistical observation, the use of relative values and time series. Statistical observation is usually understood as systematic collection of numerical data about social life processes and events. During the observation initially identified indicators are recorded in order to obtain generalizing characteristics of processes and events. Analysis of relative values is often use to obtain correct evaluation of indicators' dynamics and structure. Relative values are understood as data showing quantitative relation between the processes and events taking place in the economy, education etc., and calculated by dividing one value by the other. The denominator is comparative base and numerator is compared value. Time series is a sequence of statistical indicators located in time. Their change reflects the development of a studied event or a process and allows clearly identify the formation or development of economic problems. We used the materials of Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2015), Higher School of Economics (2013), RBC (2013), Zabaturina (2013) and other as our database. Russian Federal State Statistics Service provides relevant systematic information about various aspects of social and economic relations including the level of educational service, state funding of this sphere, the number of educational institutions and the students on all levels of education in Russia. …