Global Aspects Research Articles

The Implementaion Strategical Of Human Resource System Towards The Globalization Challenges : Review International Articles

This study is a form of review study related to the implementation of human resources. Especially, at this time which refers to the form of globalization. As is known, the form of globalization is a stage of development that is able to influence and trigger a process of change in human life so that it becomes one of the main parts of the foundation related to human information systems. The main purpose of this study is to determine the form of influence given from the determination of a human resource to the current technological challenges. The method used in this study is a form of literature study method by applying elements of qualitative methods from various journals. The results of the study show some of the major influences that occur due to globalization on human resources which refer to several results, namely; (1) Cultural changes applied to the human resources section, which causes these human resources to become more effective and even become a major assessment in the form of future changes; (2) the type of productivity used to improve the quality of community performance, especially in the field of greater manufacturing; (3) the advantages and disadvantages of aspects of globalization that allow people to understand more and keep up with the times. The role of these three influences is more about the consequences of globalization so that it is widely applied to industries such as business or other industries. However, the context of a globalization is more reflective of how or describe a link of technological reasoning in the study that is able to connect and connect all related objects from these parts.

The fate of discrete torsion on resolved heterotic [formula omitted] orbifolds using (0,2) GLSMs

This paper aims to shed light on what becomes of discrete torsion within heterotic orbifolds when they are resolved to smooth geometries. Gauged Linear Sigma Models (GLSMs) possessing (0,2) worldsheet supersymmetry are employed as interpolations between them. This question is addressed for resolutions of the non–compact C3/Z2×Z2 and the compact T6/Z2×Z2 orbifolds to keep track of local and global aspects. The GLSMs associated with the non–compact orbifold with or without torsion are to a large extent equivalent: only when expressed in the same superfield basis, a field redefinition anomaly arises among them, which in the orbifold limit reproduces the discrete torsion phases. Previously unknown, novel resolution GLSMs for T6/Z2×Z2 are constructed. The GLSM associated with the torsional compact orbifold suffers from mixed gauge anomalies, which need to be cancelled by appropriate logarithmic superfield dependent FI–terms on the worldsheet, signalling H–flux due to NS5–branes supported at the exceptional cycles.

No-reference Quality Assessment for Contrast-distorted Images Based on Gray and Color-gray-difference Space

No-reference image quality assessment is a basic and challenging problem in the field of image processing. Among them, contrast distortion has a great impact on the perception of image quality. However, there are relatively few studies on no-reference quality assessment of contrast-distorted images. This article proposes a no-reference quality assessment algorithm for contrast-distorted images based on gray and color-gray-difference (CGD) space. In terms of gray space, we consider the local and global aspects, and use the distribution characteristics of the grayscale histogram to represent global features, while local features are described by the fusion of Local Binary Pattern (LBP) operator and gradient. In terms of CGD space, we first randomly extract patches from the entire image and then extract appropriate quality perception features in the patch’s CGD histogram. Finally, the AdaBoosting back propagation (BP) neural network is used to train the prediction model to predict the quality of the contrast-distorted image. Extensive analysis and cross-validation are carried out on five contrast-related image databases, and the experimental results have proved the superiority of this method compared with recent related algorithms.

Effects on Language and Verbal Fluency of a Cognitive Stimulation Program in Older Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial

The efficacy of cognitive stimulation programs for the elderly is sufficiently documented. However, few studies have addressed the effectiveness of language stimulation programs by cognitive levels in this population. This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 308 participants from a primary care center and followed the CONSORT guidelines. A stratified randomization was carried out. The primary variable was the MEC-35, validated Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The secondary outcome variable was set-test, which evaluates verbal fluency in four categories. These tests were assessed for all outcome measures at baseline, at 10 weeks, at 6 months, and 1 year after the intervention. The intervention consisted of 10 sessions of 45 min/week for 10 weeks through mental activation notebooks that comprehensively work on the different cognitive functions. The results show that the comparisons between the control and intervention group turn out to be significant (p < 0.05) at the three time points. The comprehensive cognitive stimulation program has made it possible to improve the global aspects of cognition, language proficiency, and verbal fluency. To optimize and maintain these results, it is necessary to consider other clinical, functional, psychological, and occupational aspects, as well as related educational aspects, which prevent mild cognitive impairment.

Flottalázadás a globalizáció és a kolonizáció összefüggéseiben. A brazil haditengerészet lázadása

The study aims to explore the history of the naval revolt that broke out in Rio de Janeiro, the capital of Brazil, in 1893, keeping in mind the aspects of globalization, immigration, and colonization. The six-month-long conflict was of international significance, some of its effects (for example, on world trade) could be felt in other parts of the world. The case was widely covered by the world press: the news reached England, France, Germany, Italy, and the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, among others. Immigrants were also involved in the civil war, often unwittingly: they were present at the siege of Rio de Janeiro, they were included in military recruitment, and with the rise of Lusophobia, Portuguese immigrants became victims of violent atrocities. The civil war caused many diplomatic problems. The study aims to point out that in historical studies it is worth paying attention to the elements set in motion by the events of a civil war, because due to globalization we can get a momentary view of a country’s network of interests and relationships by looking at the external reactions.

‘Where is the social work?’ Discovering and learning social work across Chinese and Norwegian contexts: A transcontextual perspective

This article addresses how the global and local aspects of social work can be integrated into the internationalisation of social work education. Building on the transnational perspective, it introduces a transcontextual perspective, through which students develop critical and reflective knowledge about the importance of context in shaping social work practices. Such a perspective implies a dynamic understanding of social work, whereby any given social work practice can be understood as a contextual enactment. Using one short-term Sino-Norwegian exchange programme as an example, the article demonstrates how a transcontextual perspective can be implemented to foster transcontextual reflectivity among the students.

Developing international virtual student exchange to enhance theory-practice transfer

ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to describe our experiences designing a short-term virtual student exchange between Germany and Sweden and to discuss the implications of these experiences. Quantitative and qualitative material from three semesters of student evaluations relating to a course on the global aspects of social work and health in times of crisis is analyzed. The course focused on theory-practice transfer, ethnographic methods, and global citizenship, taking pedagogical and didactic inspiration from problem-based learning and co-constructive pedagogy. Our analysis concentrates on developments to the course made on the basis of student evaluations; it directs attention to the fact that teachers needed to balance giving the students the space to co-create the course, whilst maintaining a focus on learning outcomes. This is exemplified by the need to create a tangible virtual space, to provide the course with a thematic and social framework. To achieve this, not only do the learning outcomes need to be expressed clearly and does teaching have to be adapted accordingly, the digital space also needs to be perceived as welcoming and safe. To build on students’ local experiences, ethnographic methods can be used to highlight global aspects as well as theory-practice transfer.

The Impact of Fatigue on the Sense of Local and Global Rhythmic Movement.

Efficient movement control and the mechanisms responsible for the sense of rhythm are still not fully understood. The purpose of this paper was to estimate the influence of fatigue on the sense of rhythm defined as specific order of movements and their rhythmic perception. It was examined in a holistic way, by analyzing both global and local aspects of the movement. Twenty adult participants (20.2 ± 0.4 years, ten females) took part in the experiment. The fatigue protocol was applied in four blocks, which consisted of 30-s consecutive jumping with 80% of maximal effort. Immediately after each fatigue block, the rhythm performance was evaluated in global and local tests. The global test was based on 45 continuous jumps and was divided into an assisted and an unassisted phase using the Optojump Next System. The local test was performed by bilateral tapping of lower limbs by means of the Vienna Test System. The hypothesis about the significant effect of fatigue on the sense of rhythm was falsified. In particular, we observed the lack of differences between global and local aspects of the movement. Moreover, female participants showed a better sense of rhythm than males. Regardless of the fatigue protocol, participants made larger errors with a lower movement frequency in local rhythmic tasks. The coefficient of variation showed that sex differences were only significant in the unassisted phase of the global rhythmic task. We suggest that movement variability metrics may provide additional information about the sense of rhythm, which should be explored more in future studies, not only dependent on fatigue.

Fluctuations of cell geometry and their nonequilibrium thermodynamics in living epithelial tissue.

We measure different contributions to entropy production in a living functional epithelial tissue. We do this by extracting the functional dynamics of development while at the same time quantifying fluctuations. Using the translucent Drosophila melanogaster pupal epithelium as an ideal tissue for high-resolution live imaging, we measure the entropy associated with the stochastic geometry of cells in the epithelium. This is done using a detailed analysis of the dynamics of the shape and orientation of individual cells which enables separation of local and global aspects of the tissue behavior. Intriguingly, we find that we can observe irreversible dynamics in the cell geometries but without a change in the entropy associated with those degrees of freedom, showing that there is a flow of energy into those degrees of freedom. Hence, the living system is controlling how the entropy is being produced and partitioned into its different parts.

Adopting a holistic focus of attention promotes adherence and improves performance in college track and field athletes

Research on novices suggests that an external focus improves performance over an internal focus. For experienced performers the results on attentional focus have been mixed. Recently Becker, Georges, and Aiken (2019) suggested that a holistic focus may be a useful substitute when an external focus is not appropriate. The purpose of this study was to investigate attentional focus within track and field athletes performing an underhand shot throw. 18 female athletes performed an underhand shot throw (4 kg) under three focus conditions: internal, external, and holistic. Participants also rated their adherence to each attentional focus manipulation. Repeated-measures ANOVAs with Sidak post-hoc were used to analyze both underhand shot throw distance and focus adherence. A significant main effect for condition was observed for distance (F = 6.14, p = .005). A holistic threw farther than an internal focus (p < .001) with no difference between internal and external (p = .380), or holistic and external foci (p = .312). For adherence, a significant main effect for condition was observed (F = 4.56, p = .018) with holistic focus adhering to the cue significantly more than internal focus (p < .019). The results of this study are in line with research that found a benefit for a holistic focus with novice performers (Becker et al., 2019). Mullen and Hardy (2010) also found a benefit for the golf putt, basketball shot, and long jump with skilled performers adopting a focus on the global or holistic aspect of the skill.

Concrete compressive strength prediction using an explainable boosting machine model

The mixing ratio of the raw materials has a significant impact on concrete compressive strength. Although the compressive strength of concrete can be inferred from the mix ratio, it is frequently challenging to determine how each mix ratio parameter affects the results. In this study, an Explainable Boosting Machine (EBM) is applied to predict the concrete compressive strength and explain the contribution of mix ratio factors on the compressive strength. Meanwhile, the combined algorithm selection and hyperparameter optimization problem in machine learning is implemented by employing a Bayesian optimization technique. A dataset consisting of 1030 concrete compressive strength test data has been used for model building. The results show that the Bayesian optimization algorithm iteratively constructs the algorithmic/hyperparametric model and identifies the optimal point in the space, significantly reducing the time consumption in the ML model building process. In terms of model prediction performance, the EBM algorithm shows excellent results with R2= 0.93, RMSE = 4.33, and MAE = 3.10. The EBM algorithm allows one to fully interpret the contribution of individual features to the prediction results from both global and local aspects, by which the impact of each mix ratio parameter on the compression strength of the concrete can be further determined.

Snake Venom as a Drug of Abuse: A Complex Web of History, Current Trends, Global Aspects, and Legal Provisions

The use of snake venom as a drug of abuse is a surprise trend of substance abuse that has intrigued scientists, law enforcement agencies, and public health officials alike. While most people associate snake venom with the deadly consequences of snakebites, a small but alarming subgroup has been exploiting the potent toxins found in snake venom for recreational and illicit purposes. In India, snake venom abuse is gradually increasing which required prompt actions now to prevent future increasing trend. Various route of exposure like injection, eye drops, oral consumption, etc. are gaining popularity among youth. This article delves into the intriguing history, current trends, global aspects, and legal provisions surrounding the use of snake venom as a drug of abuse, shedding light on a topic that often remains hidden in the shadows.

ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЇ

The article considers features of the modern development of enterprises in a global aspect. It was established that for the strategic development of the enterprise today it is necessary to focus on the provisions of Industry 4.0. In the conditions of the development of digitalization, new products and needs are created, the volume and speed of obtaining information increases, which expands the opportunities for the development of a new business based on the latest technologies, models that were not used before. The digital economy makes it possible to accumulate previously unused reserves in intellectual and personnel support, thanks to the search for new forms and methods of conducting business and communication. The main determinants of strategic development of enterprises were singled out. An algorithm for making strategic management decisions is proposed, which includes appropriate stages that can achieve the goal, namely: data collection; assessment of the company's strategic positions; the choice of strategic alternatives; making strategic decisions. It is proven that the strategic development of the enterprise is strengthened at the beginning of strategic management in terms of defining the goal, tasks, principles and criteria that form the final vision of the desired result, and help to form an inescapable way of managing the enterprise in the long term. A conceptual model of strategic management of the enterprise was formed, which includes the goal, tasks, principles, methods of achieving the set goals. The foundation for the construction of a conceptual model of the strategic development of the enterprise arises in the justification and simplified procedures for the construction and achievement of certain goals for the development of the enterprise. The main goal of the proposed model is the implementation of modern enterprise management processes, which consist in the use of modern forms and methods of digitalization of production. The conceptual model will contribute to the adoption of strategic management decisions, the improvement of the final results of activities, the rationalization of the structure of the formation of resources and costs, the achievement of the goals of the strategic development of enterprises in the conditions of digitalization.

Effects of noise on pedestrians in urban environments where road traffic is the main source of sound.

Research combining the measurement of objective variables with surveys of people's perception of noise on city streets is useful in terms of understanding the impact of urban noise on the population and improving the environment. Although previous investigations have analysed the factors that may influence the noise annoyance of citizens, it is usually considered as a global aspect. This paper presents research based on in situ surveys and objective variables (urban, meteorological and noise indicators) to evaluate some specific effects of noise on pedestrians in urban environments where road traffic is the main source of sound. The results show significant relationships of the effects of noise and perceptions of how noisy urban environments are with variables such as building height, road category and temperature, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.37 to 0.64. Significant correlations between these subjective variables and the acoustic variables were also found, with explanations of variability that reached values of up to 50 %. A multivariate analysis revealed that both urban variables (especially the category of street) and environmental variables can be an alternative or a complement to models predicting the effects and perception of environmental noise based only on acoustic variables.

ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО ПЛАТІЖНОГО ПРОСТОРУ ТА ЙОГО ВПЛИВ НА СУЧАСНІ ВІТЧИЗНЯНІ ПЛАТІЖНІ СИСТЕМИ

The article is devoted to the consideration of current trends and development vectors of the payment space in the global aspect and the state of payment systems’ development of in Ukraine. Acceleration of the role of non-cash circulation in society and growth of the role of payments makes the payment systems’ development a dominant feature of economic growth, innovation and integration. A specialised element of almost all economic transactions that take place in the market economy, which concerns the transfer of monetary value in exchange for some goods, services or financial assets, is one of the approaches to the definition of the payment system in which it is necessary to add the payment infrastructure. The latter ensures smooth, reliable, prompt and efficient payment transfers. The last mentioned exactly that aspect that has now fuelled the growth of payment services’ digitalisation. Given the vectors of development of the payment industry, the payment systems can become a leader, in the sphere of financial services. Having considered the main directions of development in the international economy, we have highlighted the trend of globalisation of national payment systems into a common world payment space. However, this process is complex and requires working out many differences between different national payment systems and co-operation of states, regulators, enterprises and population (consumers). This approach to the development of payment systems promotes economic growth and job creation. However, the creation of a global world space is a complex task, which begins with the development and improvement of national payment systems to adapt to further integration into the global payment space. It is mentioned that there is a restructuring of the payment space, including the evolution of payment instruments (instant payments, payment cards, e-wallets, etc.) and revolutionary structural changes in the combination of classical payment technologies and technological innovations (cryptocurrencies, development of national e-money, distributed ledger technologies, blockchain networks that offer interoperability solutions, etc. The results of the analysis of existing trends, summarised by the above-mentioned scientists and experts, determine further directions for transforming the domestic payment space.

Learning for Feature Matching via Graph Context Attention

Establishing reliable correspondences via a deep learning network is an important task in remote sensing, photogrammetry and other computer vision fields. It usually requires mining the relationship among correspondences to aggregate both local and global context. However, current methods are insufficient to effectively acquire context information with high reliability. In this paper, we propose a graph context attention based network (called GCA-Net) to capture and leverage abundant contextual information for feature matching. Specifically, we design a graph context attention block which generates multi-path graph contexts and softly fuses them to combine respective advantages. In addition, for building the graph context containing stronger representation ability and outlier resistance ability, we further design a local-global channel mining block to gather context information by focusing on the significant part as well as to mine dependencies among channels of correspondences in both local and global aspects. The proposed GCA-Net is able to effectively infer the probability of correspondences being inliers or outliers and estimate the essential matrix meanwhile. Extensive experimental results for outlier removal and relative pose estimation demonstrate that GCA-Net outperforms the state-of-art methods on both outdoor and indoor datasets ( <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">i.e</i> .,YFCC100M and SUN3D). In addition, experiments extended to remote sensing and point cloud scenes also demonstrate the powerful generalization capability of our network.

ГОРОДУ (РИМУ) И МИРУ: К ВОПРОСУ О РОЛИ URBI ET ORBI В ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИИ КАТОЛИЦИЗМА

The article provides an analysis of the confessional aspect of religion's globalization. The theoretical approach underlying the study is the concept of J. Casanova, tracing the origins of global Catholicism in the practice of proclaiming Urbi et Orbi. The aim of the article is to identify the specifics of the messages "to the city and to the world" as a means of maintaining the global status of the Church. The study is conducted in the form of two variants of content analysis, with data being gathered from the website of the Holy See. Within the framework of the content analysis, issues and mentions of world regions are highlighted. A comparison of the findings of content analysis indicates the adaptability of Urbi et Orbi, its problem-oriented approach and increased attention to the issue of armed conflicts. The mention of the world regions in the papal messages is associated with the intensity of the manifestation of global problems at the local level. The result of the study is the confirmation of the hypothesis that the thematic content and geographical coverage make it possible to label Urbi et Orbi as an independent tool of Catholic globalization.

Semi-Supervised Implicit Neural Representation for Polarimetric ISAR Image Super-Resolution

Compared with the optical imaging system, polarimetric inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) can work all-day and all-weather, which plays an important role in space surveillance. However, high-resolution (HR) ISAR images usually require large bandwidth and coherent integration angle, which is limited by the equipment’s physical conditions. In this vein, the super-resolution (SR) of ISAR images is of vital importance. At present, supervised learning methods are often used in image SR of computer vision. By constructing low-resolution (LR) and HR data pairs, the neural network can learn the mapping relationship between them. However, the low-frequency information in LR image data is less considered. In addition, to obtain different scales of SR reconstruction results, multiple network training repetitions are usually needed, which consumes time and hardware resources. Based on the idea of implicit neural representation, this paper constructs an implicit neural network representation framework for polarimetric ISAR image SR, which can obtain multiscale SR results through one training. A semi-supervised module is also constructed to make the network have the ability of supervised and unsupervised learning, which is conducive to mine and make better use of LR images. A polarimetric ISAR image SR dataset is constructed for satellite targets while four indexes are adopted for quantitative evaluation in global and local aspects. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves better SR performance, where the PSNR index can be increased at least by 0.93dB.

ICL-Net: Global and Local Inter-Pixel Correlations Learning Network for Skin Lesion Segmentation.

Skin lesion segmentation is a fundamental procedure in computer-aided melanoma diagnosis. However, due to the diverse shape, variable size, blurry boundary, and noise interference of lesion regions, existing methods may struggle with the challenge of inconsistency within classes and indiscrimination between classes. In view of this, we propose a novel method to learn and model inter-pixel correlations from both global and local aspects, which can increase inter-class variances and intra-class similarities. Specifically, under the encoder-decoder architecture, we first design a pyramid transformer inter-pixel correlations (PTIC) module, aiming at capturing the non-local context information of different levels and further exploring the global pixel-level relationship to deal with the large variance of shape and size. Further, we devise a local neighborhood metric learning (LNML) module to strengthen the local semantic correlations learning capability and increase the separability between classes in the feature space. These two modules can complementarily strengthen the feature representation capability via exploiting the inter-pixel semantic correlations, thus further improving intra-class consistency and inter-class variance. Comprehensive experiments are performed on public skin lesion segmentation datasets: ISIC 2018, ISIC2016, and PH2, and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better segmentation performance than other state-of-the-art methods.

A panel data analysis of the effect of state governance on the global competitiveness of BRICS nations

This research investigates the effect of state governance of BRICS nations on their global competitiveness and specific aspects of competitiveness factors, i.e., Knowledge, Technology, and Future Readiness, for the period of 2017-2021 using World Bank’s World Governance Indicators (WGI) as the independent variable and IMD’s World Competitiveness Ranking (WCR) as the dependent variable. The role of state governance emerged as an important source of global competitiveness and its factors for BRICS nations in the results which revealed certain specific crucial relationships. Overall, 37.68% variation in the WCR rankings of BRICS nations is determined by four key dimensions of WGI namely Government Effectiveness, Political Stability and Absence of Violence, Regulatory Quality, and Control of Corruption with the Control of Corruption being the most significant variable in the model. For the hypotheses relating the State Governance and specific factors of Knowledge, Technology, and Future Readiness, the highest contribution of 40.19% is revealed to be contributed by these four governance variables in Technology rankings, followed by 32.93% variation in Future Readiness and 27.03% in Knowledge. The results provide evidence for the role of the quality of governments and governance in securing global competitiveness by nations. The results are particularly useful for strategic state governance planning and implementations for BRICS nations to improve their competitive global rankings individually and collectively, particularly in the dimensions of control of corruption, government effectiveness, political stability, and absence of violence.