Global Acceptance Research Articles

Cannabis use and its association with psychopathological symptoms in a Swiss adult population: a cross-sectional analysis.

As the most commonly used illicit substance, cannabis is gaining global acceptance through increasing legalization efforts. This shift intensifies the need for research to guide policymakers and healthcare providers in harm reduction and treatment strategies. Nonetheless, the relationship between psychopathological symptoms and cannabis use remains inadequately understood. A sample of regular cannabis consumers completed self-reported assessments for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale V1.1), and psychosis (Early Recognition Inventory based on IRAOS) as well as previous black-market cannabis use patterns. Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test Revised (CUDIT-R) was used to identify cannabis use disorder (CUD). To understand psychopathological symptom load related to cannabis consumption as well as cannabis use motives, multiple regression models were performed to identify psychopathological variables predicting cannabis use frequency and quantity. Linear regression and correlation analyses were conducted, adjusting for relevant covariates (age, gender, education, alcohol, other substance use). Three-hundred-sixty regular cannabis users interested in a study on regulated cannabis access in Basel, Switzerland were examined. In bivariate analysis, cannabis use frequency correlated with depressive (r(358) = 0.16, p = 0.003) and anxiety symptom load (r(358) = 0.11, p = 0.034). Cannabis quantity correlated with depressive (r(358) = 0.15, p = 0.005), ADHD (r(358) = 0.14, p = 0.008), and psychosis symptom load (r(358) = 0.16, p = 0.002). However, in the adjusted regression models only depressive and ADHD symptom loads were significantly associated with cannabis use frequency (p = 0.006 and p = 0.034, respectively) and quantity (p = 0.037 and p = 0.019, respectively). No significant correlations between cannabis consumption and anxiety or psychosis remained after adjustment. ADHD and depressive symptoms correlate with increased cannabis use in a cohort of regular users, suggesting potential self-medication in nonclinical populations. With the rising availability of cannabis worldwide, these results highlight the necessity for longitudinal studies to disentangle the complex dynamics between cannabis consumption and mental health symptoms.

Phytochemically tailored zinc based ayurvedic nano-medicine: Therapeutic Importance and Prospects

Ayurveda, a time honoured traditional system of medicines, has thrived on its profound understanding of the correlation between human body constitution and the elements of the universe. Yashad Bhasma (Zinc Oxide), a unique Ayurvedic metallic preparation, has been employed for centuries in treating various ailments, offering a holistic approach as an immune booster and a healing agent. Phytochemically tailored Zinc based herbomineral novel preparations/formulations have been explored to be an important wide spectrum therapeutic, based on blended pharmacy methods. The article introduces the concept of zinc-based Ayurvedic nano-medicine, emphasizing the therapeutic potential of zinc oxide nano-particles, an evidence based herbo-mineral formulation which has embraced reverse pharm. principles. There lies resemblance between Ayurvedic Bhasmas and chemically metal oxides, Physicochemically, Biochemically and also in-turn physiologically. The trans-formation of metallic zinc into assimilablezinc oxide as per modified Ayurvedic methodology may be of paramount significance. This conversion not only eliminates the toxicity of the metal but also enhances biocompatibility, paving the way for targeted drug delivery and medical imaging on the lines of ADMET. Furthermore, the study calls for comprehensive standardization measures, addressing qualitative and quantitative aspects. The article highlights the necessity of scientific strategies to navigate challenges in Yashad Bhasma research, ensuring its safety, quality, and medicinal efficacy by phytochemical blending. The research advocates for a harmonious blend of traditional wisdom and modern scientific rigor to propel Ayurvedic medicinal system, specifically Yashad Bhasma, into mainstream healthcare. Standardization and redesigning may emerge as the cornerstone for bridging the gap between ancient healing practices and contemporary healthcare to foster global acceptance and utilization of Ayurvedic treatments, accepted as have been realised, practiced and proved during pandemic Corona as Repurposed therapeutic strategy.

Enhancing the quality and antioxidant properties of beef burgers with dried Hibiscus sabdariffa L. leaves: Characterization and sensory evaluation

The demand for natural antioxidants has increased as research efforts aim to identify various plant sources that could be considered sustainable alternatives to preserve the quality of meat and its derivatives. This work intended to develop beef burger formulations with different percentages of dried Hibiscus sabdariffa L. leaves and characterize them through physical, chemical, and sensory analysis. Four beef burger formulations were prepared: F1 - with no added antioxidant, F2 - with added commercial antioxidant, F3 - with the addition of 4 g/kg of hibiscus leaves, and F4 - with the addition of 8 g/kg of hibiscus leaves, which were subjected to analysis of proximate composition, bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds, total antioxidant activity, morphology, texture profile, and sensory profile, as perceived by students from a public school. The addition of hibiscus caused an increase in the ash (∼5%) and polyphenol content (∼15%) of the samples without the addition of antioxidants, reduced the redness of the samples but did not affect the food matrix observed in the micrographs or the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness parameters. The in vitro digestion process improved the accessibility of polyphenols (211.96%–248.31%) and the total antioxidant activity by the ABTS•+ radical (224.77%–281.63%) in all samples. From a sensory standpoint, the samples showed global acceptance levels ranging from “indifferent” to “loved it”. Adding hibiscus was linked to the terms “greenish brown color” and “aftertaste”. The F3 showed promising results in physical and chemical analyses and less interference in its sensorial attributes from adding hibiscus leaves.

Quantitative Synthesis of Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Vaccine Hesitancy in 185 Countries.

Mass vaccination against COVID-19 is the best method to ensure herd immunity in order to curb the effect of the pandemic on the global economy. It is therefore important to assess the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy on a global scale. Factors were recorded from cross-sectional studies analyzed with t-Test, ANOVA, correlation, and meta-regression analyses and synthesized to identify global trends in order to inform policy. We registered the protocol (ID: CRD42022350418) and used standard Cochrane methods and PRISMA guidelines to collect and synthesize cross-sectional articles published between January 2020 and August 2023. A total of 67 articles with 576 studies from 185 countries involving 3081,766 participants were included in this synthesis. Global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 65.27% (95% CI; 62.72-67.84%), while global vaccine hesitancy stood at 32.1% (95% CI; 29.05-35.17%). One-Way ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference in the percentage Gross Domestic Product spent on vaccine procurement across the World Bank income levels (p < 0.187). There was a significant difference of vaccine acceptance (p < 0.001) and vaccine hesitancy (p < 0.005) across the different World Bank Income levels. World Bank income level had a strong influence on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (p < 0.0004) and hesitancy (p < 0.003) but percentage Gross Domestic Product spent on vaccine procurement did not. There was no correlation between percentage Gross Domestic Product spent on vaccine procurement and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (r = -0.11, p < 0.164) or vaccine hesitancy (r = -0.09, p < 0.234). Meta-regression analysis showed that living in an urban setting (OR = 4.83, 95% CI; 0.67-212.8), rural setting (OR = 2.53, 95% CI; 0.29-119.33), older (OR = 1.98, 95% CI; 0.99-4.07), higher education (OR = 1.76, 95% CI; 0.85-3.81), and being a low income earner (OR = 2.85, 95% CI; 0.45-30.63) increased the odds of high COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Factors that increased the odds of high COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were no influenza vaccine (OR = 33.06, 95% CI; 5.03-1395.01), mistrust for vaccines (OR = 3.91, 95% CI; 1.92-8.24), complacency (OR = 2.86, 95% CI; 1.02-8.83), pregnancy (OR = 2.3, 95% CI; 0.12-141.76), taking traditional herbs (OR = 2.15, 95% CI; 0.52-10.42), being female (OR = 1.53, 95% CI; 0.78-3.01), and safety concerns (OR = 1.29, 95% CI; 0.67-2.51). We proposed a number of recommendations to increase vaccine acceptance and ensure global herd immunity against COVID-19.

The Renminbis Ascent: Challenges, Opportunities, and Implications for the Global Monetary System

The Renminbis (RMB) journey towards international prominence encapsulates China's economic metamorphosis and the evolving dynamics of the global monetary system. This paper delves into the multifaceted trajectory of the RMB, highlighting the challenges and opportunities it faces in its quest for global acceptance. It provides an in-depth analysis of the implications of the US-China trade war and the global pandemic on the RMBs internationalization. The paper also underscores the transformative potential of strategic initiatives such as China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the pioneering Digital Yuan. Through a nuanced exploration of these themes, this study offers insights into the RMB's current status and its prospective role in the global monetary order. As countries grapple with changing trade dependencies and the digital revolution in finance, the RMB emerges not just as a participant but as a potential leader in reshaping the contours of international finance.

Raman spectroscopic study and statistical modeling of composition-structure-property of MgO-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 based glasses

Lightweight, glass fiber reinforced plastic composites (GFRP) have gained a broad, global acceptance in commercial markets, among which wind turbine blade for the renewable energy sector is one of the fastest growing areas. The usfsupplee of longer wind turbine blades can effectively reduce the cost of energy generation. However, it requires a fiberglass product with a higher tensile modulus to make the blades stiffer to meet the blade deflection requirement under severe weather conditions. Traditional wind turbine blades are made from conventional E-Glass fibers with and without boron. E-Glass is primarily composed of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CAS) with and without minor components of MgO (less than 4 %) and/or B2O3 (less than 1 %). Glass with higher modulus belongs to MgO (>7 %) -CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 (MCAS) system or R-Glass. Our study focuses on the effects of selective key oxides on the glass network structure by using Raman spectroscopic technique. The Raman derived plausible structure groups are then used to build statistical structure (S) – property (P) models. The S-P models are then compared with the conventional statistical C-P models. A good agreement between S-P and C-P models led to the final construction of C-S-P model platform for future glass design.

Process variables optimization for multiple responses in SPIF of titanium using Taguchi-GRA

In the modern era, titanium has gained global acceptance as a key material for innovative and significant applications in numerous industrial sectors, including aerospace, medical, automotive, and many more. In this work, optimization of process variables in Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) of titanium has been done using Taguchi-grey relational analysis to attain simultaneously improved geometrical accuracy and maximum microhardness in the formed parts of conical shape. The input parameters elected were step size (SS), feed rate (FEED), and tool rotation speed (TRPM) to explore their effects on geometrical accuracy (roundness and concentricity) and microhardness. Among the parameter levels considered in this work, 0.2 mm SS, 800 mm/min FEED, and TRPM of 600 have been recognized as the optimal setting. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) tests have been conducted to quantify the significance of SPIF parameters on the responses. The SS was revealed as the most influencing parameter, followed by FEED, and TRPM was the least significant parameter for the desired responses. The results of confirmation experiments have shown good agreement with predicted values of responses attained in Taguchi-Grey Relational Analysis.

High-dietary fibers cereal bars containing malt bagasse by-product from the brewing industry.

The aim of this study was to use the malt bagasse by-product for developing high-dietary fibers cereal bars. Three formulations were tested and contained 0% (control), 19% and 24% of malt bagasse. The bars with malt bagasse were rich in dietary fiber and protein, with 6.06 and 26.35g/100g, respectively for samples with 19% of bagasse, and 8.43 and 26.22g/100g, respectively, for bars with 24% of this by-product. The total phenol content (TPC) of the bars with 19 and 24% of bagasse, was 100.37 and 192.13mg GAE/100g of sample, and the EC50 was 21.58 and 14.78mg/mL (DPPH assay), respectively. The incorporation of this by-product into the formulations enhanced their TPC and antioxidant capacity. These samples had a high sensory acceptance. The formulation with the lowest malt bagasse concentration showed high global acceptance (56%) and purchase intention. The sensory attributes that pleased the tasters the most, rated as "liked moderately," were the color and odor of both bars. Cereal bars showed an improved nutritional composition and antioxidant capacity after malt bagasse addition, and the formulation with 19% should be the best choice among the tested formulations, when considering the set of nutritional and sensory aspects. The malt bagasse was successfully valorized as an ingredient in a functional food, whilst contributing to the environment.

A COMPARATIVE PHARMACEUTICO-ANALYTICAL STUDY OF DHANANJAYADI VATI AND ITS MODIFIED LOZENGES

Vati Kalpana is one of the secondary preparations in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics. According to acharya Vagbhata, it is considered as an outcome of Kalka Kalpana1 . Dhananjayadi Vati is a formulation mentioned in Yogaratnakara under Kasa Chikitsa. Modification of classical and development of new dosage forms is currentday trend to fulfil needs like palatability, cost effectiveness and global acceptance of the product. Lozenges are one of the popular palatable solid dosage forms containing one or more medicaments in a flavored and sweetened base. In the present study an attempt was made to modify Vati into lozenges form and comparative pharmaceutico analytical study was carried out for understanding of each dosage was discussed.

Canada's Foreign Direct Investment Dependency Problem

Sustained economic growth from Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an economic strategy susceptible to volatility. This leaves economies that are relatively dependent upon FDI inflow, such as the Canadian economy, especially vulnerable to volatility shocks. FDI has seen a tremendous rise in global acceptance due to the extensively studied and accepted economic growth benefits it can offer a nation. However, literature studying the methods by which FDI can be detrimental to economic growth and the factors which impact this, are sparse. This paper will expand on the literature regarding Canadian FDI inward flow by closely analyzing Canada’s dependence on FDI and the risks associated with it, as well as its degree of correlation with global volatility. Analyzing the standard deviation of Canadian FDI inward flow during periods of economic uncertainty reveals that, relative to the G7, Canada’s FDI inflow is volatile. Using a Granger causality test and cross-correlation analysis to determine if VIX levels serve as a predictor of Canadian FDI inflow, it becomes clear that the Canadian economy is markedly susceptible to global economic shocks.

Need of Standardization of Ayurveda Formulations

Standardization of herbal formulations is a process of setting some standard parameters which are essential for assuring the quality of the herbal formulations and it should be reproducible at any time of stability period of that formulations. Today many people all over the world experiencing the side effects of Modern medicine are shifting towards the traditional medical systems, among them most widely accepted is Ayurveda. Increased demand of herbal medicines, along with disparity in demand and supply of raw materials and profit mindedness of pharmaceutical agencies, has resulted substandard and unsafe products. The adulteration and substitution of drugs, methods of collection, storage and preservation of raw drugs, controversial opinions regarding formulations in classical text books, addition of preservatives and improper purification of toxic herbal and mineral drugs are the main problems that leading to the production of substandard and unsafe products. Authorities like WHO and Govt. of India has taken steps to standardize the individual drugs and formulations. Ministry of AYUSH have given the standard parameters for different types of preparations and few of the individual formulations are standardized in Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India. As the general population uses Ayurvedic medicines mainly as polyherbal formulations, standardization of each formulations is a need of hour for ensuring the quality medicines that leading to the global acceptance of Ayurveda.

Black box problem and African views of trust

This article draws on the thinking about trust in African scholarship to describe the problems black box clinical artificial intelligence (AI) generates in health professional-patient relationships. Notably, under the assumption of a black box problem, the view of trust as inherently relational implies that health professionals cannot explain whether and how a clinical AI incorporates a patient’s values or leverages the same (in its outputs) to honour fiduciary relations. Additionally, the African view of trust as experience-based and accepting responsibility implies that health professionals can neither be held accountable for black box clinical AI outputs that they can hardly understand nor provide material information (concerning what the clinical AI does and why). Finally, given the understanding of trust as a normative concept, health professionals cannot accept patients’ vulnerabilities, and patients cannot give the same. Given that trust will play a vital role in the global acceptance of clinical AI, future studies should research—from other positionalities—how the black box problem will challenge the relationship of trust in the medical context.

Scientific facts improve cannabis perception and public opinion: results from Sinaloa, México

Cannabis, the most prevalent drug in Latin America, has long been associated with the state of Sinaloa, Mexico, known for its cultivation and distribution. Despite increasing global acceptance, cannabis use remains stigmatized in Mexican society, driven by perceptions of it as a highly psychoactive and addictive substance lacking medicinal or industrial value. This study investigates the impact of scientific information on societal perceptions of cannabis in Sinaloa. A large convenience sample of 3162 individuals from Sinaloa participated in this research, responding to a questionnaire on cannabis consumption and attitudes. Participants were then subjected to an intervention consisting of an informative briefing based on the documents “Using Evidence to Talk About Cannabis” and “State of the Evidence: cannabis use and regulation" by the International Centre for Science in Drug Policy. After the intervention, participants' attitudes were immediately reevaluated through the same questionnaire, allowing for a comparison of pre- and post-intervention responses. The results indicate that the intervention (providing scientific information) significantly influenced attitudes toward cannabis, with education and age playing prominent roles in its effectiveness. Notably, the intervention fostered more positive or more neutral attitudes, potentially reducing stigma and promoting a better-informed perspective on cannabis. This study highlights the pivotal role of evidence in shaping informed citizens' views, while underscoring the importance of countering misinformation for societal progress. These findings have significant implications for forthcoming cannabis policy modifications in Mexico, emphasizing the necessity of engaging knowledgeable individuals in policy decisions to address the violence and inequalities associated with the illicit drug trade, particularly in Sinaloa.

HiPSCs and organoids: prediction of arrhythmogenic risks for optimized traditional Chinese medicine

Accurate assessment of the risks associated with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), such as the potential to induce serious cardiovascular adverse reactions including cardiac arrhythmias, is crucial. This article introduced the pharmacological evaluation strategies for cardiac safety and the progress in cardiac organ research, with a focus on discussing the application prospects of human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs) and organoids in assessing the risks of TCM-induced cardiac arrhythmias. Compared with traditional animal models, hiPSCs and organoid models provide better reference and predictive capabilities, allowing for more accurate simulation of human cardiac responses. Researchers have successfully generated various cardiac tissue models that mimic the structure and function of the heart to evaluate the effects of TCM on the heart. The hiPSCs model, by reprogramming adult cells into pluripotent stem cells and differentiating them into cardiac cells, enables the generation of personalized cardiac tissue, which better reflects individual differences and drug responses. This provides guidance for the assessment of TCM cardiac toxicity risks. By combining organoid model with cardiac safety pharmacology strategies such as electrocardiogram monitoring and ion channel function assessment, the impact of TCM on the heart can be comprehensively evaluated. In addition, the application of the Comprehensive in Vitro Proarrhythmia Assay(CiPA) approach improves the accuracy of evaluation. Applying the CiPA approach to TCM research reveals potential risks and provides a scientific basis for the clinical application and industrial development of TCM. In conclusion, organoid model and cardiac safety pharmacology evaluation strategies provide important tools for assessing the cardiac toxicity risks of TCM. The combination of hiPSCs model, comprehensive assessment methods, and the CiPA strategy enables an accurate assessment of the risks of TCM-induced cardiac arrhythmias, thus providing a scientific basis for the safe use and international recognition of TCM in clinical practice. This contributes to ensuring the safety and efficacy of TCM and promoting its clinical application and global acceptance.

Evidence-based Clinical Efficacy of Certain Indigenous Traditional Siddha Formulations in Combating Anemia: A Global Health Burden – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Background: Anemia is a widespread issue impacting the well-being of millions and their quality of life. It also hinders the growth and learning of children, which can detrimentally affect a nation’s progress. In Siddha System of medicine, various pharmaceutical formulations are available for anemia treatment. However, there is a lack of evidence-based clinical trial data supporting these traditional Siddha claims. Aim and Objective: This study aimed to conduct an extensive meta-analysis to assess the therapeutic effectiveness of Siddha formulations in anemia management and also to evaluate the clinical evidence’s validity. Materials and Methods: The study gathered data from various sources, showcasing the use of different Siddha preparations in clinical studies for anemia treatment. Rev-Man 5.2 software was used for meta-analysis. The study revealed a significant improvement in both adults and paediatric groups after treatment with various Siddha formulations. Results: The meta-analysis showed a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 1.92 for haemoglobin level before and after treatment over an average period of 44 ± 20 days (P≤0.0001). Conclusion: This analysis demonstrates that Siddha formulations have substantial evidence-based therapeutic efficacy in treating anemia. These Siddha formulations hold promise for inclusion in public health programs and policies aimed at combating anemia in the population. However, conducting more randomized control trials (RCTs) in anemia treatment is essential to establish robust scientific evidence which potentially leads to global acceptance of these Siddha formulations.

Enhancing Integration of Information Literacy in TVET Curriculum in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic Effects

Purpose: Information literacy refers to the set of characteristics that enables ordinary learners become wise information consumers and lifelong learners. The set of abilities or skills the learner requires in order to determine information needs, locate, access and evaluate information sources and effectively use resources regardless of the format. There is global acceptance of the need for information literacy among trainees undertaking Technical and Vocational Educational Training (TVET). Integrating information literacy in the Competency-Based Education and Training (CBET) curriculum has become a necessity. The purpose of this study was to investigate how TVET trainees applied information literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective was to ascertain the trainees` uptake of e-learning and establish the strategies laid down for integration of information literacy in TVET curriculum.&#x0D; Methodology: Descriptive research design was adopted. The Nyeri National Polytechnic was purposively sampled due to the availability of respondents and familiarity of the researcher to object of research. A target population of 1000 library users at diploma, certificate and artisan levels was used. Data was collected using researcher-administered questionnaire. Data was organized and analysed using frequency distribution, percentages and mean.&#x0D; Findings: TVET Institutions were found to have moderately adopted integration of information literacy in TVET curriculum. The results indicate that 54% of trainees applied information literacy skills during the virtual learning sessions during COVID-19 pandemic. However, inadequate information literacy among trainees contributed to non-effective use of the e-resources.&#x0D; Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: To this end, TVET institutions need to put in place strategies for enhancing integration of information literacy in TVET curriculum. The strategy on orientation and continuous user education by librarians aims at improving the trainees ‘information literacy. Trainees stand to benefit through integration of information literacy in the curriculum and institutions should put in place mechanism to adopt this integration.

A Model for Empowering Rural Solutions for Cervical Cancer Prevention (He Tapu Te Whare Tangata): Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Crossover Trial.

Māori are the Indigenous people of Aotearoa (New Zealand). Despite global acceptance that cervical cancer is almost entirely preventable through vaccination and screening, wāhine Māori (Māori women) are more likely to have cervical cancer and 2.5 times more likely to die from it than non-Māori women. Rural Māori residents diagnosed with cervical cancer have worse outcomes than urban residents. Living in rural Aotearoa means experiencing barriers to appropriate and timely health care, resulting from distance, the lack of community resourcing, and low prioritization of rural needs by the health system and government. These barriers are compounded by the current screening processes and referral pathways that create delays at each step. Screening for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and point-of-care (POC) testing are scientific advances used globally to prevent cervical cancer. This study aims to compare acceptability, feasibility, timeliness, referral to, and attendance for colposcopy following hrHPV detection between a community-controlled pathway and standard care. This is a cluster randomized crossover trial, with 2 primary care practices (study sites) as clusters. Each site was randomized to implement either pathway 1 or 2, with crossover occurring at 15 months. Pathway 1 (community-controlled pathway) comprises HPV self-testing, 1-hour POC results, face-to-face information, support, and immediate referral to colposcopy for women with a positive test result. Pathway 2 (standard care) comprises HPV self-testing, laboratory analysis, usual results giving, information, support, and standard referral pathways for women with a positive test result. The primary outcome is the proportion of women with hrHPV-positive results having a colposcopy within 20 working days of the HPV test (national performance indicator). Qualitative research will analyze successes and challenges of both pathways from the perspectives of governance groups, clinical staff, women, and their family. This information will directly inform the new National Cervical Screening Program. In the first 15-month period, 743 eligible HPV self-tests were performed: 370 in pathway 1 with POC testing and 373 in pathway 2 with laboratory testing. The positivity rate for hrHPV was 7.3% (54/743). Data collection for the second period, qualitative interviews, and analyses are ongoing. This Māori-centered study combines quantitative and qualitative research to compare 2 clinical pathways from detection of hrHPV to colposcopy. This protocol draws on rural community practices strengths, successfully engaging Māori from a whānau ora (family wellness) approach including kanohi ki te kanohi (face-to-face), kaiāwhina (nonclinical community health workers), and multiple venues for interventions. It will inform the theory and practice of rural models of the use of innovative technology, addressing Māori cervical cancer inequities and facilitating Māori wellness. The findings are anticipated to be applicable to other Indigenous and rural people in high-income countries. Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12621000553875; https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12621000553875. DERR1-10.2196/51643.

Experimental investigation of temperature polarisation by capturing the temperature profile development over DCMD membranes

Temperature polarisation (TP) is a major drawback limiting the global acceptance of membrane distillation (MD) technology. TP is typically quantified using a dimensionless index known as Temperature Polarisation Coefficient (TPC). TPC has significant limitations, whereby it cannot be used to compare different MD configurations or design conditions, nor to analyse the TP phenomenon along the membrane. In this research, the temperature profile over and along a lengthy DCMD membrane has been measured under various operational conditions, where its impact on TP has been explored for the first time. A specialised DCMD membrane cell was manufactured to capture temperature profiles, both along and over the membrane surfaces, using miniature thermocouples. The effects of flow rate and feed temperature were investigated on the temperature profiles. The results showed that the extent of TP was not constant along the membrane, and that the temperature profile was not symmetrical across the feed and permeate side, predominantly due to the effects of the inlet and outlet on the flow. The TPC value calculated using the conventional method was not able to accurately reflect the TP phenomenon along the membrane, indicating TPC to be an ineffective tool to study TP along the membrane.

Eğitim Felsefesinde Vatandaşlık Düşüncesini Temellendiren Hukuksal Düzlemin İncelenmesi

In this study, it is aimed to examine the legal plane that bases the idea of citizenship in the philosophy of education. In the context of educational philosophy, the issue of Decadence, which appears in opposition to the concept of order within the framework of citizenship thought, is among the most prominent fears as one of the components that are at the heart of Western political philosophy. Political thinkers have resorted to some methods to prevent human life from being dragged into chaos by grappling with the problem of order in a long-term period that has continued from theories related to the social contract in the seventeenth century to today. The rule of law is a constitutional principle that seems to be valued to the extent of sanctity wherever it is in countries governed by the principles of democracy. The main component of this is the principle that the understanding of law should be in the administration; the citizen is included in the understanding of the rule of law, and no person and public personnel can remain outside of it. The understanding of the rule of law has a long-term history in a principled sense, and this understanding stems from libertarian legal theories. In this sense, social scientists have maintained this understanding in the linearity that has come down to our day. In its original sense, the term right refers to the power and power as it is in the divine rights of nobility, clergy and, of course, kings. Together with this, the term is used in modern times in the sense of the right and authority to be subject to reciprocity and to be able to perform acts in an appropriate manner. Although it does not seem possible to state that there is a global acceptance of the idea of rights, many contemporary political thinkers have not found any problem in stating their idea in terms of the concept of rights and authority. In this context, rights, Decencies and social justice have been among the issues that need to be discussed less than other political terms. However, there is less consensus on the basis on which rights are based and who should have what kind of rights. Key Words: Philosophy of Education, Citizenship Thought, Legal Plane, Social Rights

Pre-market Research: What are the Key Factors that Prevent Human-centered Design from Widespread Acceptance in China

This article explores the limited adoption of Human-centered design (HCD) in China, particularly in architecture, despite its global acceptance. Through case studies of human-centered interior design, the study identifies reasons for the slow adoption and provides recommendations to promote HCD acceptance among the public and local companies. The research involves surveying 100 Chinese consumers and interviewing 20 architects in Jiangsu province, China, to gain insights into the factors influencing HCD application in interior design for housing.