Glass Jars Research Articles

Insecticidal Activity of Powder and Essential Oils of Vepris heterophylla (Rutaceae) and Syzygium aromaticum (Mytaceae) Towards Callosobruchus maculatus F. walp (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) on Post-Harvest Vigna unguiculata (Fabaceae) in the Far-North Region of Cameroon

The bioinsecticidal effect of powders and essential oils of S. aromaticum (L.) flower buds and V. heterophylla (Engl.) leaves against adult cowpea weevil C. maculatus was studied. Powders were tested by direct contact only while essential oils were tested by direct contact and indirect contact (inhalation and repellency). In 500 mL glass jars, the individual and combined powders were applied to 100 g of cowpea seeds at 0.5 g, 1 g, 1.5 g and 2 g doses for both leaves and flower buds of V. heterophylla and S. aromaticum respectively. The essential oils were also applied individually and after equilibrium combination on 50 g of cowpea at 4 µL/mL, 8 µL/mL, 12 µL/mL, 16 µL/mL. All the infestations were then achieved by adding 20 bruchids of 48 h old. The essential oil obtained was purified and analyzed with Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). 72 h after the individual treatment, 100% mortality was obtained at 2 g dose for V. heterophylla and 0.5 g dose for S. aromaticum compared to the control jars (1%). The combined powders were found to be more effective with 100% of mortality at a dose 1 g after 48 h of exposure. For essential oils, 100% and 90% of mortality were obtained respectively at 8 µL/mL dose for S. aromaticum (160 µL/kg) and 16 µL/mL dose for V. heterophylla (320 µL/kg) 72 h after treatment. In addition, the essential oil of S. aromaticum showed relatively higher repellant properties with an average repellency percentage of PR = 89.37% than that of V. heterophylla (PR = 70.62%). 100% of mortality was induced after inhalation of essential oils of S. aromaticum and V. heterophylla at doses 10 µL and 40 µL respectively after 72 h of exposure time. The results obtained from the GC-MS showed that the major components in the essential oil of S. aromaticum were eugenol (83.40%) although that of V. heterophylla were Spathulenol (23.66%), Beta-Caryophyllene oxide (16.46%) and 6-Isopropenyl-4 (16.30%). The powders and essential oils of the tested plants applied individually or after equilibrium combination showed interesting prospects for controlling Callosobruchus maculatus and effectively preserving cowpea seeds in storage warehouses.

Effect of Drying Methods and Type of Packaging Materials on Phytochemical Content and Total Antioxidant Capacity of Five Medicinal Plants with Cosmetic Potential over Three Months Storage at Ambient Temperature

Drying and storage are the most integral parts of the post-harvest practices of herbal materials. These practices directly influence the physical and chemical quality of the processed product. Therefore, the main objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of drying methods and packaging materials on total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity of five medicinal plant leaves with cosmetic potential. Leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Senna alata (L.) Roxb., Centella asiatica (L.) Urb., Ocimum tenuiflorum L. and Justicia adhatoda L. were dried to a constant weight using shade drier at 30-35°C, solar drier at 30-40°C and oven at 40°C. Thereafter, dried leaves were stored using three different packaging materials namely glass jars, polythene bags and gunny bags at ambient temperature for three months. Aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, folin-ciocalteau method, and phosphomolybdate assay were employed to analyze the total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of ethanolic extracts of leaves respectively in each month. Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation of minimum three replications. Significant interactions of the drying methods and packaging materials on TAC, TFC and TPC of dried leaf materials were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA. Results showed that the maximum TFC, TPC and TAC in oven dried H. rosa-sinensis (23.48±2.49 mg RE/100g DW, 1.09±0.24 mg GAE/100g DW and 0.39±0.05 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) and C. asiatica (128.64±10.59 mg RE/100g DW, 2.38±0.32 mg GAE/100g DW and 2.2±0.05 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) leaves stored in glass jars and solar dried S. alata (117.43±9.00 mg RE/100g DW, 3.99±0.29 mg GAE/100g DW and 1.07±0.04 mg AAE/100g DW respectively), O. tenuiflorum (216.02±0.75 mg RE/100g DW, 1.92±0.12 mg GAE/100g DW and 1.07±0.03 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) and J. adhatoda (11.13±1.23 mg RE/100g DW, 1.02±0.19 mg GAE/100g DW and 0.42±0.04 mg AAE/100g DW respectively) leaves stored in glass jars at the end of the storage period. However, statistically significant interaction (p value < 0.05) was not reported between drying method and packaging material on TPC of C. asiatica and O. tenuiflorum leaves and TFC of S. alata leaves. In conclusion, determining the effect of different processing methods on chemical constituents of aforementioned plant leaf materials is suggested to assure the quality of the final product.

Training and usage of detection dogs to better understand bumble bee nesting habitat: Challenges and opportunities.

Bumble bees are among the most imperiled pollinators. However, habitat use, especially nest site selection, remains relatively unknown. Methods to locate nests are invaluable to better understand habitat requirements and monitor wild populations. Building on prior study findings, we report constraints and possibilities observed while training detection dogs to locate bumble bee nests. Three conservation detection dogs were initially trained to three species of bumble bee nest material, first within glass jars concealed in a row of cinder blocks, then placed in the open or partially hidden for area searches. The next intended training step was to expose the dogs to natural nests located by community science volunteers. However, significant effort (> 250 hrs), yielded only two confirmed, natural nests suitable for dog training purposes. Although the dogs did not progress past the formative training stage valuable insight was gained. Maximum observed detection distance for bumble bee nest material during initial controlled training was 15 m, which decreased significantly (< 1 m) once training progressed to buried samples and natural nests. Three main considerations around future training and usage of detection dogs were identified. First, dogs might benefit from transitional training via exposures to known natural nests, regardless of species. However, it may be too difficult for people to find natural nests for this, and prior work demonstrated the ability of dogs to generalize and find natural nests after testing to artificially-buried nest material. Second, confirming a dog’s nest find, via resident bee presence, is nuanced. Third, future study design and objectives must harness strengths, and reflect limitations of detection dog surveys and search strategies, as extensively discussed in this paper. Prospective studies involving detection dogs for locating bumble bee nests would benefit from considering the drawbacks and opportunities discussed and can mitigate limitations through incorporating these considerations in their study design.

1019 The Surgical Skills Club: An Adaptable and Sustainable Model for Surgical Teaching

Abstract Introduction The General Medical Council (GMC) stipulates that medical graduates should obtain competency in basic wound care. In a national review, only 24.7% of UK medical schools provided suturing training. Newly qualified doctors may be less prepared in performing basic surgical skills independently. Hence, Cambridge University Surgical Society initiated a weekly teaching programme, Surgical Skills Club (SSC). Method SSC covered instrument handling, knot-tying and various suturing techniques (interrupted, continuous, mattress and subcuticular), with 32 student participants. Trainees led these sessions, with tutor:student ratios at 1:5. SSC was designed to be cost-effective (£8/student); both reusable suturing pads and animal tissue were used. Glass jars were repurposed into knot-tying trainers. Participants completed questionnaires pre- and post-programme, rating confidence in skills on Likert scales; 1 (not confident) to 5 (very confident), alongside qualitative feedback. Results SSC was well-subscribed; most participants (88%) would highly-recommend it to peers. Receiving individualised feedback was highly valued. Students were more confident (scores 4 or 5) in skills post-programme compared to pre-programme (instrument handling: 21.9% vs 92.0%; basic knot-tying: 28.1% vs 88.0%; interrupted suturing: 50.0% vs 100%). Conclusions We demonstrated the effectiveness of a regular skills-teaching programme, where learning is consolidated through spaced repetition. This sustainable and accessible format can be widely adapted and implemented

The Effect of Semicarbazide on the thyroid gland of Juvenile male Albino Rat and Possibility of Recovery: Histological and Immunohistochemical study

AbstractBackground: Semicarbazide (SEM) is a byproduct of azodicarbonamide widely employed in the industry of plastic gaskets used in sealing glass jars, especially baby foods jars.Aim of the study: To determine the effects and possibility of recovery of semicarbazide on thyroid histology of male juvenile albino rats.Materials & Methods: Thirty juvenile male albino rats (3 weeks old) were Split into 3 equal groups; group I (control), group II (treated with SEM 40 mg/kg oral daily for 4 weeks), group III (recovery group allowed to recover for 4 weeks after stoppage of SEM treatment). Different histological and immunohistochemical techniques were used on thyroid specimens.Results: In comparison to the control group, group treated with SEM revealed distortion and degeneration of the thyroid follicles, some follicles appeared markedly distended and lined by flat cells with flat nuclei, desquamated follicular cells were located in the lumen, peripheral vacuolation of colloid, empty follicles, wide interstitial space and dilated congested blood vessels in between follicles. Collagen fibers amount in the interstitial space has increased significantly “P ˂ 0.05”. The mean epithelial height and colloid area percentage have both decreased significantly. Activated caspase-3 immunohistochemical expression was significantly increased. Contrary, in the recovery group, most of the Follicles appeared to be normal except for minimal changes in some follicles.Conclusion: Semicarbazide causes significant histological structural changes in the juvenile thyroid gland and its stoppage caused marked improvement in the thyroid gland histology. It is advisable to replace semicarbazide as a sealing agent for glass jars with other natural products.

Jarvis in Motion

We report on a research through design study of how our everyday objects, augmented with technologies, could contribute to disseminating people's lifestyle values in public. We developed Jarvis, a hybrid object combining a glass jar with a location-tracking system. The Jarvis endeavors to make lifestyle values visible, while sometimes hiding its values across different places. As a design research artifact, the Jarvis seeks to spark meaningful interactions as zero-waste practitioners carry it around in their daily routines in public. The data visualized through the Jarvis demonstrate how users' values are spread out locally. 18 zero-waste followers participated in a week-long deployment with a design probe followed by post-deployment interviews. Our findings highlight the role of different agencies in circulating values represented by the Jarvis. We discuss our methodological insights on hybrid objects, and how the circulation of values may inform us about the alternative roles of technologies in speaking for our lifestyle values.

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH OF MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON POPULATION Chlorella vulgaris

This research was conducted on October 13-26, 2019 in the Regional Technical Implementation Unit of the Seawater and Brackish Aquaculture Fisheries Office (UPTD BPBALP Teluk Buo), West Sumatra. This study aims to determine the effect of applying different types of fertilizers to the growth of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae populations on laboratory scale culture. The method used in this study was an experimental method in the laboratory using a completely randomized design (CRD) one factor, namely the difference in fertilizer types with 3 (three) replications. Fertilizers used are Walne fertilizer, ZA (Zwavelzure Ammoniak) and TSP (Triple Super Phosphate). The testing organism in this study was phytoplankton C. vulgaris. The container used was a glass jar (3 liter capacity). The parameters measured in this study include absolute growth, relative growth, specific growth, self-doubling time and water quality. The results of this study indicate that the best type of fertilizer for C.vulgaris population growth was TSP fertilizer, followed by ZA fertilizer and the lowest in Walne fertilizer.

Sistema de criação de duas espécies de percevejos predadores do gênero Xylocoris Dufour, 1831 e da presa alternativa Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1866) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Anthocorid bugs presents attributes that make them promising agents of biological control. Several species can be reared in the laboratory for later release in the field and in greenhouses, and some of them also exhibit zoo-phytophagous feeding behavior, which favors maintenance in the environment, as occurs with Xylocoris afer (Reuter, 1884) and Xylocoris sordidus (Reuter, 1871). This work aimed to describe a method that optimize the rearing and multiplication in laboratory of Xylocoris spp. and their alternative prey Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton, 1866). The method was adapted replacing inflorescences of Bidens pilosa L., by rolls of hydrophilic cotton inserted in glass jars of 25,0 mL filled with water to maintain the humidity, which is essential to the embryonic development of the insect. The adaptations made to the rearing methods of these predators and the alternative prey have made the breeding of mainly predators more practical and effective.

Evolution of grain microbiota during hermetic storage of corn (Zea mays L.)

Respiration of biotic components of the grain ecosystem generates self-modified atmospheres (oxygen reduced and carbon dioxide enriched) during hermetic storage. The effect of temperature, moisture content and modified atmospheres on the evolution of maize microbiota is not entirely known. In this study, corn grain samples were conditioned to different moisture contents (14.3, 16.5 and 18.4%) and hermetically stored in glass jars at 15, 25 and 35 °C. Grain samples were collected at different stages of modified atmosphere evolution of each experiment: T0 (O2: 21% initial concentration); T1 (O2: 10%); T2 (O2: 0%); T3 (CO2 maximum concentration stabilized). Microbiota was quantified with Petri dish counts using selective growth media for different microbial groups. Additionally, ethanol, acetic acid and lactic acid were measured for monitoring anaerobic activity. Results indicated that there was a high correlation between water activity (aw) and the time to reach anaerobiosis (R2 of 0.85), the maximum CO2 concentration (R2 of 0.86), and the reduction of filamentous fungi and bacterial counts during hermetic storage (R2 of 0.72 and 0.48, respectively). A differential behavior of the hermetic storage was observed according to aw of the grain, and a general conceptual model is offered for its understanding. It was concluded that modified atmospheres reduced or inhibited microbial growth in stored corn, and that aw was the most influential factor in the time to reach anaerobiosis, maximum CO2 concentration, and the filamentous fungi and bacterial counts reduction during hermetic storage.

Passion Fruit Marmalade Recipe with and without seeds in Colombia, South America

Colombia is the third largest passion fruit producer of the world after Brazil and Ecuador. The aim was to develop possible solutions to increase the added value for passion fruit produced by small and medium sized farms in Colombia, by developing a product that is easy to produce by farmers. The raw Passion fruits were used as efficient as possible to reduce waste. Two formulas are presented below, Formula A with fruit juice only and Formula B with fruit pulp (juice and seeds). Both formulas use the rind of passion fruit as gelling material, since no pectin was added. Product was packed in glass jars cooled. Strategies such as getting initial financial aid, a strong internal organization, and last but not least, a high-quality product, could lead to having a temporary competitive advantage. Later on, if the success is maintained, a permanent competitive advantage could be obtained.

Impact of solar heat enhanced by the use of black polypropylene sheets on the development of Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) eggs and germinabilty of cowpea seeds

Post-harvest losses caused by Callosobruchus maculatus is a major constraint to cowpea production and the improper use of synthetic insecticides by most farmers have resulted in environmental, health hazards, and development of insecticide resistance in insects. This study evaluates the efficacy of solar heat treatment using double-layered black polypropylene sheets in suppressing the development of the cowpea bruchid eggs and the effect of the heat absorbed on the germination potential of cowpea seeds. Five pairs of 2 – 3-day old adult C. maculatus were allowed to oviposit for ten days on 50 g cowpea seeds in a glass jar in the laboratory before exposure to 24, 48, 72 and 96 h solar heat treatment regimes. Infested cowpea seeds but not exposed to solarization was set along with the treatments while uninfested cowpea seeds was also set along and used as part of the germinability test. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design and treatments were replicated four times. The results showed that there were no significant differences among the number of eggs laid by adult C. maculatus on the cowpea seeds before solar heat treatment. Solar heat treatment of the cowpea seed at 24 h achieved 100% egg mortality of C. maculatus thus preventing adult emergence. The effect of solarization on seed viability showed that there were no significant differences between the infested cowpea seeds exposed to different solar radiation regimes when compared to uninfested cowpea seeds – range; 74% – 99% germination. The results showed that 24 h solar heat exposure of cowpea seeds in double-layered black polypropylene sheets could be the thermal death point of C. maculatus eggs on the seeds in the study area.

Studies on preparation and preservation of persimmon (Diospyros kakiL.) pulp

The present study was conducted to prepare and preserve persimmon pulp using different preservation methods along with their evaluation for quality and storage stability. The maximum pulp recovery of 88.30% was obtained by hot pulping of persimmon fruits with peel (T3). T3 treatment selected for further studies on the basis of higher sensory scores possessed 0.61 mg/100 g β-carotene, 8.71 mg/100 g, ascorbic acid, 2.91% crude fibre, 6.41 mg/100 g total phenols, and 62.35% antioxidant activity. The preservation of pulp reflected that the persimmon pulp of treatment T1 (pulp + KMS @ 2,000 ppm in glass jars) retained higher ascorbic acid, β-carotene, total phenols, and antioxidant activity during 6 months of storage period. Henceforth, it is concluded that ripe Hachiya persimmon which otherwise is processed to a limited extent, can be successfully converted into pulp and utilized in various products to improve their nutritional quality. Practical applications Persimmon is highly perishable climacteric fruit that may deteriorate quickly when stored at ambient temperature. The fruit, even in convenient storage conditions, has a limited shelf life compared with other fruits. Therefore, after harvesting, a significant amount of mature persimmons should be processed into certain products to preserve the fruit's bioactive components and maintain overall quality. The lack of consistent information on the storage and transport factors leads to losses at the end of production process as well as during the marketing of the fruit. These losses are due to excessive ripening, loss of firmness, rot, and peel browning. But processing of persimmon is a challenge owing to its mushiness when ripe as it is a climacteric fruit. Henceforth, various methods are employed to extract pulp in order to get the maximum yield and retain nutritional and functional quality.

Shelf life prediction of carica seeds powder using accelerated method

Carica fruit is a main commodity in Dieng plateau. Its seeds is one of the by-products in carica fruit cocktail processing. Carica seeds contain high antioxidants, so that it can be consumed as a functional beverage. The objectives of this study was to determine the shelf life of the product. The processes involved in carica seed powder production were: soaking with citric acid, boiling, fermentation with R. oligosporus inoculum, drying, roasting, and mixing the roasted seeds with dried jackfruit at ratio of 3: 1. The packaging used in this study were glass jar and aluminum foil. The products were stored at 35, 45, and 55°C and analyzed for its chemical and sensory characteristics at every 5 d for 20 d. The shelf life was examined by the acceleration method with Arrhenius equation using moisture content as the critical parameter. Results of the study showed that shelf-life of products packed with aluminum foil at room temperature (25°C) was 1 year and 1 month and at cold temperature (8°C) was 1 year 4 months. Meanwhile, the shelf life of products packed in glass bottles at room temperature (25°C) was 5 months and at cold temperatures (8°C) was 6 months.

2-Curious: jarring representations of the two-year-old in transformative continuous professional development (CPD)

ABSTRACT This paper explores how new materialist ideas informed a non-linear experimental approach to ‘continuous’ professional development (CPD). Experiences of professional development in the early years are diverse but remain at the heart of continuous improvement practices. In the UK, the roll-out of the ‘disadvantaged two-year-old’ offer increased demand for professional development, at a time when austerity impacted on training budgets. Where opportunities for professional development exist, the focus is typically on ‘best practice’ solutions, which often cling to developmental psychology. This paper focuses on the process of ‘continuous’ professional development inspired by new materialist thinking. It recognises that integral to quality early years’ provision are understandings of how children learn, but that this knowledge is embodied, always in movement and yet deeply situated. Focussing on the first CPD session, the glass jar, this paper assembles happenstance encounters from within and beyond the CPD session to explore how combinations of relational becomings are continuously changing as encounters and experiences spark new thinking and doing in diffusive and irrational ways. This paper emerges only as a resting place; writing becoming part of the movement needed in new materialist practices, vitally informing the transformative potential of CPD that continues to move.

Methionine as an Effective Mosquito Larvicide in Natural Water Sources

Methionine is a naturally occurring amino acid that has demonstrated toxic properties for control of larval mosquitoes in laboratory experiments. Methionine offers many desirable qualities for an effective, biorational pesticide, including its minimal effects on non-target species. Because previous studies regarding this amino acid's toxicity were laboratory based, the next step is to establish if methionine is likely to have similar effects in natural water bodies before attempting costly field trials. Therefore, the goal of this study was to test the effectiveness of DL-methionine applied to various water sources. Concentration response experiments conducted in glass jars used larval Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) as a model organism. Well, deionized, and pond water were evaluated in the study. In general, increased mortality of Ae. aegypti larvae occurred with increasing concentrations of DL-methionine at 48 h. However, larval DL-methionine LC50 values were not different between water sources. This study has shown that DL-methionine can be added to various water sources as a possible biorational larvicide when applied to natural water sources such as ponds or water-holding containers that often are preferred larval developmental sites for a variety of mosquito disease vectors.

Online media reveals a global problem of discarded containers as deadly traps for animals

The widespread occurrence of litter is a severe threat to global ecosystems. We have analyzed online media, to assess the diversity of animals that are prone to getting trapped in discarded containers and check which kind of containers is the most common trap for animals. A total of 503 records from around the world (51 countries, 6 continents) have been found. These include invertebrates (17 taxa, ca.1050 dead individuals), and vertebrates (98 taxa, 496 individuals including 44 carcasses). The latter group was most frequently represented by mammals (78.5% of all cases), then reptiles (15.3%), birds (1.2%), fish (1.0%) and amphibians (0.4%). Nearly 12.5% of the determined vertebrates are classified as vulnerable, endangered or critically endangered, according to the IUCN. Although most trapped individuals were smaller animals, bigger ones such as monitor lizards (Varanus spp.) or large carnivores were also recorded. In most cases, animals were trapped in glass or plastic jars (32.4%), drink cans (16.5%), and steel cans (16.3%). Our results demonstrate that discarded containers can be a threat to all major groups of animals. In order to address this phenomenon, it is necessary to decrease a global production of debris, implement container deposit legislation and organize repeatable cleanup actions.

Resource-saving technology of sterilization of grape compote in glass jars 1-82-1000 using multilevel high-temperature mode with heat recovery and its hardware

The results of research on the development of a new method of thermal sterilization of canned products with heat recovery and the design of the device for its implementation are presented. The shortcomings of the traditional sterilization regime have been studied and identified, and taking them into account, the regime of multilevel high-temperature thermal sterilization of grape compote in SCO 1-82-1000 glass jars with heat recovery, which provides the required level of industrial sterility and reduces the duration of heat treatment, has been developed. The device for multilevel high-temperature heat treatment has been designed. The developed technology has advantages, being that the product is heated from the entry temperature level to almost 90–93°C with the simultaneous cooling from 100 to 63–65°C carried out by heat exchange between the very glass jars with different temperatures, which appear simultaneously in the chambers with a heat carrier, the temperature of which for some is higher and for others is lower by 25–27°C.

Keeping teeth clean – but not at the environment’s expense

There is growing importance given to the sustainability and carbon footprints of items, especially those consumed regularly such as straws, earbuds and toothpaste. With the toll of greenhouse gases becoming apparent, it is understandable that consumers are looking to switch to greener alternatives. Toothpaste tubes at present are largely unrecyclable, resulting in an estimated 260 million tubes adding to landfill each year. Considering biodegradation takes 500 years to occur, it is easy to appreciate the disparity between supply and demand. Colgate currently offer a nationwide recycling programme for toothpaste tubes however, this is not readily accepted by local councils, necessitating alternatives to be sought in order to reduce waste. Many of the alternatives marketed do not contain fluoride, which has cariostatic properties. Fluoridated toothpaste tablets in biodegradable bags, glass jars, or boxes are available for use. These products may be of consideration for dental professionals to recommend to those seeking plastic free alternants. With increased use resulting in increased supply this may become a more recognised form of toothpaste in the years to come.

Determination of bisphenol a migration from food packaging by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction

In the current work, a rapid and simple dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method (DLLME) was used to determine Bisphenol A (BPA). High performance liquid chromatography with the photodiode-array detector (HPLC-DAD) coupled DLLME method was employed to analyze BPA in food samples packaged including cans, paper boxes, and glass jars. The calibration curve was obtained to be in the linear range 0.009–25 ngg−1 with a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9981. The mean relative standard deviations (RSDs) was of 5.2% (n = 3). The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method were obtained to be 0.001 ngg−1 and 0.08 ng.g−1, respectively.In sum, this method presents:•A rapid, simple and efficient modified DLLME method was used to measure BPA in packaged foods.•The advantages of this method were low detection limit, fast preparation, and high BPA recovery.•The DLLME-HPLC method consists of low detection limit and high recoveries to determine BPA in samples.•The results indicated that DLLME –HPLC-DAD was an applied method to measure BPA in food samples.

İşlenmiş alabalık yumurtalarının raf ömrüne katkı maddelerinin etkisi

The fact that the diversity of species in the aquaculture sector is too low to compare with natural resources causes regional or excessive/unbalanced price decreases in aquaculture depending on supply and demand. In contrast to these price decreases, portion fish production costs are increasing year by year. This situation affects trout prices especially in Turkey, which is the biggest producer in Europe. It is important to develop delicate (tasty-delicate) products with a long shelf life for the Turkish consumer market. In this study, the effects of natural and synthetic additives were investigated to determine the longer shelf life of processed rainbow trout eggs. In this study, rainbow trout eggs obtained by stripping were cleaned with 10% brine, followed by dry salting (7.5%) for 40 hours. Then they were washed with 5% salt brine, left untreated (control) after drying, and divided into 6 groups, which were treated with 1% liquid smoke, thyme, lemon, flax, or grapeseed oils. The rainbow trout eggs were placed in glass jars and stored under refrigerator conditions without heat treatment. According to the sensory analysis results of the liquid smoke and essential oil applied products positive feedback has been received from the panelists. The liquid smoke applied group was the safest group in terms of microbiology and did not lose its consumable properties during the analysis period. The shelf life of processed trout eggs to which grapeseed oil was applied was 50 days, 30 days for the group treated with oregano oil, 10 days for the groups treated with flax and lemon oil.