Glass Jars Research Articles

Dry matter and crude protein degradability of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) silage is affected by fertilization with cow-dung bio-digester slurry and fermentable carbohydrate additives at ensiling.

Dry seasons pose a major nutritional constraint on ruminant livestock production in tropical regions, which justifies forage conservation to meet the dry season feed requirement. Napier grass is a tropical forage that is used for silage in South Africa. The present objective was to determine the effects of Napier grass fertilization with bio-digester slurry (BDS) and the inclusion of fermentable carbohydrate additives at ensiling on the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of Napier grass silage. Napier grass was established in 5 × 4 m plots, replicated three times in a completely randomized design, and irrigated weekly with either BDS or water. After 12 weeks, the Napier was cut and ensiled for 90 days in 1-liter glass jars in a 2 (BDS, water) × 4 (no-additive, molasses, brown sugar, and maize meal) factorial arrangement replicated three times. The nutrient composition was determined using standard protocols. The ruminal degradability of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) was determined using the nylon bag technique. Fertilization with BDS increased (P < 0.05) pH and CP and reduced (P < 0.05) fat content of fresh-cut Napier. Additives increased (P < 0.01) silage DM content and reduced (P < 0.01) acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber content. The BDS fertilization with molasses inclusion increased (P < 0.05) silage DM relative to the no-additive and maize meal inclusion, and decreased (P < 0.05) fat content compared to the no-fertilizer, added maize meal silage. Molasses increased silage water-soluble carbohydrate and decreased the NH3-N content (P < 0.05) compared to the no-additive and maize meal treatments. For DM, the BDS fertilized, no additive silage had the least “a” fraction (P < 0.01), while the no BDS, no-additive silage had the least “b” fraction (P < 0.01), with least (P < 0.01) potential degradability (PD) observed for the no BDS, no-additive treatment. Fertilization increased (P < 0.01) effective degradability of DM at outflow rates k = 0.02, 0.05, 0.08, with same effect for molasses and maize meal inclusion. Relative to the control, molasses inclusion increased (P < 0.01) PD of silage CP. In conclusion, our results suggested BDS fertilization of Napier grass ensiling with added readily fermentable carbohydrate substrate, particularly from molasses, induced changes in silage chemical and fermentation characteristics likely to promote better forage preservation and ruminal microbial function.

Analysis of Bactericidal Effect of Three Medical Ozonation Dosage Forms on Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria from Burn Patients.

ObjectiveTo examine the bactericidal effects of three different states of medical ozone (liquid, gas, and oil) against drug-resistant strains of common bacteria on burn wounds, which could as a clinical reference.MethodsThree multidrug-resistant strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, pan-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and ESBLs Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified from burn wounds. The colonies of the three varieties of bacteria were each carried out using the pour plate method prior to the start of the experiment. Then, depending on the state of ozone, different treatment procedures are applied. Group of ozone gas: in a closed glass jar, the bacterial liquid was injected into a single layer of sterile gauze, and the ozone gas concentration was held at 50 g/mL. The bacterial liquid was diluted and combined directly with ozone water in the ozone water group. Ozone is a type of oil: after the emulsifier was added to the oil group. The gas, water, and oil groups were rapidly neutralized and counted again after 5, 10, and 30 minutes.ResultsOzone gas and oil groups totally eliminated multidrug resistant bacteria in the above study within 30 minutes. (2) At 5 and 10 minutes, the difference in bactericidal effect between ozone gas group and ozone water and oil group was statistically significant (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between ozone water and oil groups (P>0.05); at the time of 30 minutes, the effects of bactericidal effect between ozone water group and ozone gas and oil had no significance (P> 0.05).ConclusionOzone has the ability to kill bacteria, depending on the treatment time, different ozone types should be chosen for sterilization and disinfection in clinical application.

Impact of relative humidity on ethylene removal kinetics of different scavenging materials for fresh produce industry

Active ethylene scavenging in fresh produce involves the use of adsorbers and oxidizers, such as, potassium permanganate, activated carbon, clays and zeolites, often integrated as sachets, labels, liners, or films. Although many studies have been done to develop novel ethylene scavengers, only a few of them have analyzed the ethylene removal kinetics, especially under different humidity conditions. Kinetic studies can provide information on the ethylene removal rate and ethylene removal at equilibrium which can be highly useful in assessing the efficacy of the scavenger. The main objective of this study was to investigate the ethylene removal kinetics of different scavenging materials at various relative humidity (RH) conditions (0%, 50%, and 100%) at a fixed temperature (13 °C). The active scavenging materials investigated in this study included two commercially available, (potassium permanganate-based and basolite) and three chemically-modified ones (surface modified zeolite with potassium permanganate; surface modified zeolite with zinc, copper and silver; and plasma surface modified titanium dioxide with palladium). Kinetic experiments were conducted with the scavengers placed inside air tight glass jars (1 L) with an initial ethylene concentration of 10 µL L−1. The data obtained was fit to Lagergren pseudo first order kinetic model. Potassium permanganate-based scavengers displayed the highest ethylene removal (~ 8.7–10 mL kg−1) at all three RH conditions. Whereas basolite, zeolite modified with copper, zinc and silver and titanium dioxide modified with palladium were found to be efficient at 0% RH, however, at 50% and 100% RH, a prominent ethylene desorption was observed. Furthermore, a case study of packaging of blueberries with selected scavengers was performed. Blueberry packages containing potassium permanganate and zeolite modified with potassium permanganate had the minimum ethylene concentration of 0.012 ± 0.01 and 0.004 ± 0.00 µL L−1, respectively, at the end of 14 d storage.

Alcohol exacerbated biochemical and biophysical alterations in liver mitochondrial membrane of diabetic male wistar rats – A possible amelioration by green tea

Alcohol exacerbated biochemical and biophysical alterations in liver mitochondrial membrane of diabetic male wistar rats – A possible amelioration by green tea

Evaluación de ensilaje de triticale inoculado con bacterias homolácticas en minisilos de laboratorio

En el primero de dos experimentos se determinó el efecto sobre el pH, la recuperación de materia seca (RMS) y la temperatura de ensilar triticale (x Triticosecale spp.) con o sin inoculante de bacteria homoláctica (IBH), utilizando 30 minisilos de vidrio de 0.946 L sellados al vacío (GJ) por tratamiento, que se abrieron a los días 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 30, 105 y 123 de fermentación. Abarcando todos los largos de fermentación, la inoculación redujo (P&lt;0.05) las medias de pH y temperatura al abrir los minisilos, pero no influyó (P&gt;0.05) en la RMS relativo al ensilaje sin IBH. Ambos ensilajes tuvieron un pH similar (P&gt;0.05) al finalizar el periodo de fermentación de 123 d. En el segundo experimento se compararon las características nutricionales, la fermentación y la estabilidad aeróbica del triticale ensilado con o sin IBH durante 123d en minisilos de 3L hechos de PVC y empacados manualmente o de GJ y sellados al vacío. Hubo mínimas diferencias (P&gt;0.05) en el contenido nutricional del ensilaje fermentado en minisilos de PVC o GJ y la inoculación tampoco afectó estas variables. El ensilamiento de triticale disminuyó (P&lt;0.05) la digestibilidad de la fibra detergente neutro (FDN) a las 30 h, correspondiendo el menor valor al ensilaje sin IBH/PVC, que difirió (P0.05) del ensilaje IBH/PVC, pero estos no tuvieron diferencia (P&gt;0.05) con los ensilados en GJ. No hubo diferencia entre los ensilajes (P&gt;0.05) en FDN no degradable a las 240 h (uFDN240), digestibilidad de FDN en el tracto entero (TTNDFD) y la velocidad de digestión de la FDN (NDFkd). El triticale fermentó bien en los minisilos de vidrio, sin embargo, la cantidad de material ensilado puede que no haya sido suficiente para poder detectar diferencias debido a la inoculación.

Changes in Volatile Compounds and Quality Characteristics of Salted Shrimp Paste Stored in Different Packaging Containers

Quality changes of salted shrimp paste, one of the most popular traditional Thai fermented food ingredients, stored in different packaging containers including polypropylene containers (PP), polyethylene terephthalate containers (PET), glass jar containers (GJ) as well as LLDPE/Nylon vacuum bags (VB) at room temperature (28 ± 1 °C) for 15 months were studied. The relationship between quality attributes (i.e., volatiles, browning index (A420), biogenic amines, TBARS) and consumer acceptability as indicated by sensory scores were also investigated using principal component analysis (PCA). During storage, some desirable quality characteristics of shrimp paste were improved as indicated by the higher sensory scores of all samples when stored for 6 months, compared with the sample at day 0 (p ≤ 0.05). However, further changes in all compositions when extended storage time can conversely diminish those desirable characteristics and led to lowering consumers’ acceptability. In this study, GJ seem to be the most potential packaging for preserving original products’ quality during storage for this product since it exhibited the lower rate of quality changing than others throughout the storage. Conversely, VB exhibited unique volatiles and microbial profiles, compared with others, which led to the lowest sensory scores at all period test (p ≤ 0.05), implying that vacuum conditions may not be suitable for the storage of this product. Moreover, based on PCA results, the intensity of nitrogen-containing compounds correlated well with sensory acceptability, particularly flavor-likeness. Our study provides useful knowledge for understanding the different quality characteristics, particularly flavors, associated with different packaging containers during prolonged storage of salted shrimp paste.

Morphological characteristics of ectomycorrhizas formed by in vitro synthesis between conifer seedlings and Tuber mycelial strains of the Puberulum clade isolated in Japan.

Seedlings of Pinus densiflora and Abies sachalinensis were inoculated with Tuber mycelial strains of the Puberulum clade in vitro to examine the morphological characteristics of their ectomycorrhizas. Axenically germinated seedlings were inoculated with the mycelia of five taxa from the Puberulum clade and grown in glass jars for 4 mo in an illuminated incubator. The seedlings were successfully colonized by the inoculated Tuber strains, as confirmed by the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer barcoding of the synthesized ectomycorrhizas. The ectomycorrhizas were characterized by a pale yellow to brown color, short needle-shaped cystidia, and net-like hyphal arrangement, and epidermoid cells on the mantle surface; notably, these features are similar to the ectomycorrhizas of various Puberulum clade members. As the ectomycorrhizas of different Tuber species are indistinguishable by morphological characters, molecular techniques are necessary to identify ectomycorrhizas formed by Tuber species within the Puberulum clade.

Provenancing Nineteenth Century Saltpetre From British India Using Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Strontium Isotope Ratios

Highly purified specimen of saltpetre, kept in two glass jars are stored in the collections of the Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom. Historic catalogs of the specimen collection record their acquisition date as 17th March, 1881. The specimen represent heritage of the saltpetre industry during the times of the colonial British India. Chemical analysis shows that they are highly refined, containing only traces of impurities. Dual isotopic composition (δ15N and δ18O) of nitrate implies their intrinsic origin as British India. In addition, relative to highly radiogenic signature of Sr widespread throughout India, less radiogenic strontium (87Sr/86Sr = 0.707859–0.714168) in the specimens suggests that final stages of the refining took place in western India where relevant waters containing pristine Sr were used. Stable isotope geochemistry in combination with history and socio-economy provide new insights into this research area which is not yet fully understood.

Effects of different drying methods and packaging materials on the physical and sensory qualities of tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.)

Fresh tomato fruits have a very limited shelf life partly due to their high moisture content and respiration rate. A possible way of storing tomato fruits is to dry and process them into powder or paste. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the effects of drying methods and packaging materials on physical and sensory qualities of powdered tomato in Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Harvested fruits of tomato variety, “Rio de grande” were subjected to blanching and subsequent drying methods and packaging materials. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD); with the drying methods placed in main plot while the packaging materials in sub-plot and repeated three times before storage for twelve weeks. At four weeks of storage, oven drying method was found to be statistically different (p≤0.05) in terms of water absorption capacity value of 3.19 (mg/100g). The glass jars performed better than polythene bags in color retention, taste and consistency at four weeks of storage. The study shows that tomato fruits can be successfully dried using oven, sun and shade drying methods but preferably oven drying method. The processed powder could be successfully stored for 12 weeks or above using either glass jars or plastic container without affecting the consumer appeal and this will also reduce the postharvest losses of tomato fruits.

O czasie (nie)wolnym Poliny Żerebcowej na podstawie świadectwa Mrówka w słoiku. Dzienniki czeczeńskie 1994–2004

The article attempts to analyze the unique testimony “Ant in a glass jar. Chechen diaries of 1994–2004” by Polina Zherebtsova from the point of view of the category of free time. The diary, which is an important supplement of mainly novel and reportage narrations about the war in Chechnya, is at the same time a testimony inscribed in the international circle of war diaries, especially children’s ones. From this point of view, the analysis of leisure time conducted from the point of view of everyday practice of recording what is around allows us to confirm the recurrence of certain mechanisms and behaviors in limit situations. In turn, the protractedness of the Russian-Chechen conflict influences the fact that between the periods of intense warfare there are also those when there is relative peace and normality, which translates into limited, but definitely individualized practices of spending leisure time.

Pineapple Princess by Sabina Hahn

Reviewed by: Pineapple Princess by Sabina Hahn Kate Quealy-Gainer, Editor Hahn, Sabina Pineapple Princess; written and illus. by Sabina Hahn. Roaring Brook, 2022 [40p] Trade ed. ISBN 9781250798367 $18.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R 4-7 yrs "I am deeply, deeply misunderstood," laments our poofy-haired, rascally narrator, assuring the audience that she is, in fact, a princess and that it's a terrible injustice that no one treats her as such. What she needs is a crown to make clear her royal status, so when she spots a prickly pineapple, she slices it open, scoops out the innards, and plops it on her head, proclaiming herself the Pineapple Princess. Buzzing flies—er, subjects—soon swarm her, and she initially enjoys their company during picnics and royal hunts. But they're hardly obedient, and despite her efforts to imprison them (with a glass jar) and execute them (with a fly swatter, obviously), she senses a rebellion. The haughty, put-upon narrative tone perfectly matches the girl's constant look of imperious exasperation, and opening pages that show her scrawling red crayon along the walls wordlessly convey our kiddo's misplaced sense of exceptionalism. Her interactions with the flies are both absurd comedy and pure grossness; considering her bad attitude, there's a bit of schadenfreude when she meets creatures as unruly as herself. It's the girl's poor cat who is the real victim, though, forced yet again to put up with its owner's antics when the fickle flies ultimately follow the pineapple to the garbage. Crafting crowns would make an easy storytime activity to pair this with, just be careful to look for errant fruit at snacktime. [End Page 250] Copyright © 2022 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Biodiversity of syrphid fly (order Diptera, Family Syrphidae) in Hamelmalo Agriculture College, State of Eritrea

The syrphid flies are large and diverse group of insects and the larvae of the most of the species are predator of aphids and used as biological control aphids. Adults of syrphid flies are important pollinators of flowering plants. The study was conducted to determine the population dynamics of syrphid flies in HAC agricultural farm Karen, Eritrea and their identification of the flies were done which are found during the study period. The larvae were collected from the Horticultural, plant protection and Agronomy fields at weekly interval starting October 2018 up to March 2019. The samples were placed in glass jar containing aphid colony till the pupation of larvae. After emergence of the adult were identified and kept in collection box. During the period of six months study, total about 387 of adults were recorded. The larval population of syrphid flies varied in different monthly, the highest abundance was recorded in October 2018 while lowest in the months of January and February of 2019. The Pearson’s correlation results revealed that, there was strong, positive/negative and no significance correlation with varying temperature were recorded. Moreover, relative humidity was negatively correlated with syrphid fly population and found non significant.

Extending vase life of carnation flowers by postharvest nano silver, humic acid and Aloe Vera gel treatments

Abstract Standard Carnation flowers (Dianthus caryophyllus cv. Dover) were harvested at the paint brush stage in the early morning, pre-cooled at 4° C for 6-h then moved under dry conditions to the laboratory. Flowers were weighted and treated for 24-h with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at 0, 5 or 10 ppm in plastic buckets. After pulsing treatments, cut flowers were transferred to 500 mL glass jars containing 300 mL of preservation solution treatments including, individually, humic acid at 200, 400 or 600 ppm and Aloe vera gel at 2.5%, 5.0% or 7.5% (w/v) till the end of the experiment (when flower color began to fade, petals began to roll). Distilled water was used for the control and to prepare the tested solutions. 2% sucrose was added to all treatments including the control. Addition of all preservatives to vase solutions significantly increased all the studied characteristics of cut flowers compared to control (distilled water, least values). Nanosilver treatments have the potential to be used as preservative solutions for improving postharvest vase life and quality of carnation flowers. An increment in vase life, relative fresh weight, vase solution uptake, flower diameter as well as total chlorophylls in leaves, total carbohydrates and total phenols in leaves and petals was observed, in addition to a decrease in bacterial counts in vase solution. Best results were obtained using 5 ppm AgNPs + 5.0% Aloe vera gel followed by 5 ppm AgNPs +7.5% Aloe vera gel solutions. Aloe vera gel, especially 5.0% level, showed better results than humic acid when used alone or combined with AgNPs. Nanosilver at 5 ppm recorded better results than 10 ppm when used as a single treatment.

Appraisal of Quantitative Losses in Different Wheat Varieties Due to Sitotroga cerealella

An experiment was conducted using five different wheat genotypes to determine their resistance to Sitotroga cerealella (L.) at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2018-2020. The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications in a control temperature of 29±2˚C with 65±5% relative humidity. The cultures were maintained in glass jars of 1 kg capacity containing the wheat grains and 25 adults of S. cerealella were released in these jars, separately. The results were evaluated by calculation of susceptibility index, percent grains damaged and percent weight loss of wheat grains against the infestation of S. cerealella. Among all the genotypes percent grains damaged (52.91%), percent weight loss (21.75%) and was found to be ‘highly susceptible’ genotype, while the lowest percent damaged grains (25.25%) and weight loss (8.64%) were recorded in genotype HPBW 1 and was found the ‘susceptible’ genotype against the infestation of pest, while all the remaining genotypes were intermediary to the pest attack.

Impact of processing and packages on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of Mangaba Jelly

This study evaluated the impact of processing, packages (amber and transparent glass jars), and storage time on the stability of the bioactive compounds (total phenolic compounds and vitamin C), and antioxidant activity of mangaba jelly. Jelly processing, significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. The storage time, significantly (p < 0.05) influenced all the variables studied in this work, although they were not affected by packages. A significant decrease of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity was observed during the jelly storage. HPLC-DAD/UV-Vis analyses allowed to identify 10 phenolic compounds, including flavonoids and non-flavonoids, and among these, quercetin and catechin were the major compounds. After processing, all these compounds decreased significantly (p < 0.05), except for the gallic acid and the p-coumaric acid, which presented an increasing tendency. During jelly storage, only gallic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and rutin were affected. Despite the reduction in the antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds studied, mangaba jelly retained good levels of them and may be considered a potential novel functional food.

Assessing Yield and Silage Quality of Intercropped Corn and Soybean in Different Planting Patterns and in Mardin Ecological Condition

This study was carried out to determine the effect of silage on fermentation quality. The silage was produced by forage yield of mixed planting of corn and soybeans which was planted as a second crop in Mardin ecological conditions. The field experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Experiment Design with three replications at 7 different planting ratios [corn (C), 70% corn + 30% soybean (70C30S), 60% corn + 40% soybean (60C40S), 50% corn + 50% soybean (50C50S), 40% corn +% 60 soybean (40C60S), 30% corn + 70% soybean (30C70S) and soybean (S)]. The single (pure) and mixed yield obtained from each plot were left to fermentation in glass jars for 90 days in four repetitions. According to the results of the study, the highest fresh biomass obtained was 71 071 and 68 333 kg ha-1 respectively from 60C40S and 70C30S mixtures, and the highest crude protein yield was obtained from 60C40S, 70C30S, 30C70S and 50C50S mixtures planting ratios. As the soybean ratio in the mixture increased, the CP ratio, silage pH and butyric acid (BA) concentration increased. While the lactic acid (LA) concentration of corn silage was the highest value with 2.67% in dry matter (DM), this value has been determined as 1.04% in soybean silage. To conclude, in regions having ecological conditions of Mardin province, it is recommended to mix planting with 30% or 40% ratio of soybean plant with corn plant to increase the protein value of corn silage and improve the fermentation of soybean.

Physicochemical Evaluation of Sugarcane Molasses (Black Honey) during Storage in Various Packaging Materials

Sugarcane molasses is a nutritious beverage with a black color, characterized by its viscosity, distinctive taste and aroma, which makes it a unique food with high nutritional value. The quality characteristics of sugarcane molasses stored inside various packaging materials at different storage periods were evaluated. The evaluation included the determination of the physicochemical properties of sugarcane molasses stored in four types of packaging materials (glass jar, pottery pitcher, plastic jar and tin container). The stored sugarcane molasses were analyzed periodically at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months for the optical density (at 420 nm), acidity, viscosity values and total phenol content. All studied physicochemical properties increased significantly (p≤0.05) with increasing storage time, the results showed that pottery pitchers and glass jars are suitable for packaging sugarcane molasses. They produce the most stable sugarcane molasses, so they are practical containers to use. Therefore, it is recommended to use this type of packaging materials with care of the storage temperature.

Experimental substantiation of the composition of gelatin mass for obtaining capsules with essential oils

Introduction. Soft gelatin capsules are a promising dosage form comprising essential oils as active agents. Joint research of the staff of the Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy, the Research Institute of Nutrition of the Ministry of Energy and Industry of the Republic of Tajikistan have proposed the composition of gelatin mass for encapsulation by the rotary matrix method. The mechanical and physical-technological parameters required to preserve the strength and elasticity of the capsule shell during the production process and storage are determined.Aim. Study of the rheological properties of gelatin masses based on gelatin of different grades, as well as the migration of essential oils through capsule shells.Materials and methods. Pharmaceutical active substances "Lipovitol" and "Limoneol" obtained in the Republic of Tajikistan were used as active substances introduced into the composition of soft gelatin capsules. Sunflower oil was used as the solvent. Gelatin samples were used to obtain gelatin masses: 1 – Foodchem (China), 2 – Brodnickie Zaklady Zelatyny Sp. zo.o. (Poland), 3 - Italgelatine s.p.a. (Italy), 4 – Ewald-Gelatine GmbH (Germany), 5 – Weishardt International (France); glycerol; sunflower oil. Gelatin mass for manufacturing soft capsules was prepared in a closed reactor. Capsules were prepared on an automatic encapsulation line RJWJ – 115 Soft Gelatin Encapsulator Machine (China). The structural and mechanical properties of soft gelatin masses were determined on a rotary viscometer RV type "Reotest 2" (Germany). The dynamics of the process of migration of essential oils and its components were studied by changing their amount in a capsule by chromato-mass spectrometry method on a chromatograph Varian CP 3800 with a quadrupole mass spectrometer 4000 MS as a detector (USA).Results and discussion. When studying the rheological properties of model compositions, it was found that for all samples of gelatin masses there is a decrease in values of effective viscosity when the shear rate increases, which characterizes the tested samples as a structured dispersion system. Additional studies have shown that the gelatin masses have thixotropic properties. Samples of gelatin masses 3–5 had narrower hysteresis loops, while sample 5 the narrowest, restoration of the structure took place quite quickly. Capsules obtained from gelatin mass 3 and 4 samples had a strong seam and were well cut out of the tape. From the mass of sample 5, high strength ribbons were obtained, a high temperature was required to seal the capsules, in some capsules the seam was not glued on one side, as a result, the capsules were rigid and brittle. As a result of the study, the rheological optimum of the gelatin mass suitable for preparing capsules by a rotary matrix method was determined, which has boundaries in the ranges of shear rates of 0.556–243 s-1 and viscosity ranges of 11.46-5028.76 Pa ⋅ s and shear stress of 2788–2808 Pa developing at these rates. When studying the migration of active substances through the capsule shell, it was found that over three years of storage of capsules in a closed polymer can, the content of essential oil in Lipovitol capsules decreased by 4.88 %, in Limoneol capsules by 5 %, which indicates partial migration of oil through the gelatin shell. The content remained within the permissible deviations (±10 %). The content of essential essential oil components also remained within acceptable deviations throughout the shelf life.Conclusion. The optimal composition of the shell for producing soft capsules by a rotary matrix method is justified. It was found that the rheological optimum of gelatin mass is characterized by viscosity ranges of 11.46-5028.76 Pa ⋅ s and shear stress of 2788–2808 Pa. According to the results of the study of the migration of essential oils through the shell, has been established the shelf life of soft gelatin capsules in glass jars made of dark glass and a temperature of 15 to 25 °C – 3 years.

Impact of Packaging Materials and Storage Temperatures on the Quality of Sugarcane Molasses (Black Honey)

Sugarcane molasses is defined as a product obtained from the concentration of sugarcane juice. This product is accepted in the Egyptian market and can be used as a sweetener instead of refined sugar. The packaging materials and storage temperature affect the quality properties of the sugarcane molasses. In this study, the sugarcane molasses was packed in four different packaging materials (glass jars, pottery pitchers, plastic jars, and tin containers) and stored at two different temperatures (20 and 40oC) to study the quality properties. The changes in the physicochemical, antioxidant activity and sensory properties were estimated at periodic intervals of 60 days during the period of storage study (12 months). The results showed that, pH, total soluble solids, moisture, total sugars, antioxidant activity, flavor and overall acceptability score of stored sugarcane molasses were reduced significantly (p≤0.05) with the progression of the storage period. The stability of packed samples stored at 20°C was better, as the highest values of all studied quality traits were recorded compared to their counterparts at 40°C. Among the studied packaging materials, sugarcane molasses filed in glass jars with metallic covers, and pottery pitchers with sterilized tampons had the best quality properties. Final of storage period, the glass jars recorded the highest values of total soluble solids, moisture and total sugars. While pottery pitchers were better for pH, antioxidant activity, flavor and overall acceptability score. These results may come from the physiochemical properties of the raw materials of the pottery pitchers.

Autopolypectomy

A 50-year-old man with a negative medical history except obesity visited the Emergency Unit because of acute anal blood loss, lower abdominal pain, constipation and a collapse. He mentioned the anal expulsion of a ‘meat chunck’ prior to the bleeding episode. He carried a glass jar with the collected specimen, which measured 5 X 4 X 2 cm and had a pink-yellowish colour (Figure 1). On physical examination he was hemodynamically stable (blood pressure 150/95 mmHg, heart rate 85 beats per minute), with no signs of anaemia neither abdominal tenderness. Rectal toucher showed dark, old blood. He was admitted and treated with intravenous tranexamic acid while being prepared for colonoscopy. His hemoglobin levels decreased from 9.1 to 8.1 mmol/l (8.5-11.0) in the first eight hours after admission, with mild leukocytosis (12.1/nL). Colonoscopy showed an ulcerated residual stalk of approximately two centimeters in the sigmoid colon (Figure 3). Histopathological examination of the specimen collected by the patient showed only benign adipocytes, in accordance with a giant lipoma (Figure 2).