Gestalt Therapy Research Articles

Comparing the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy With an Integrated Package of Gestalt Therapy and Cognitive-behavioral Therapy on the Self-efficacy of Women With Breast Cancer

Background: Breast cancer, as the most common prevalent cancer in Iran, is associated with severe psychological consequences. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) with an integrated package of Gestalt Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (GT-CBT) on the self-efficacy of women with breast cancer. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design and a control group. Sixty patients with breast cancer referred to the Cancer Clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran City, Iran, were recruited through a convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned to the control (n=20), CBT (n=20), and GT-CBT (n=20) groups. The study data were collected by the Sherer self-efficacy scale and analyzed using descriptive (Mean±SD) and inferential statistics (analysis of covariance [ANCOVA]) in SPSS software, v. 20. Results: The results indicated that both CBT and GT-CBT have significantly increased the subjects’ self-efficacy (Eta=0.73, F51, 2=70.60, P<0.001). Post hoc test indicated that GT-CBT is more effective than CBT (P<0.05). Conclusion: The effectiveness of GT-CBT on the subjects’ self-efficacy was higher than CBT. Therefore, it is suggested to use integrated methods such as GT-CBT to enhance the self-efficacy of patients with breast cancer.

RESILIENCE IN CHILDREN CAUGHT IN DRUGS CASE IN PALEMBANG CLASS I LPKA WITH ISLAMIC PSYCHOTRAPHY APPROACH

Narcotics cases are the biggest cases in Indonesia, both users or dealers and dealers. Narcotics users in LPKA 1 Palembang are dominated by teenagers so that the psychological condition resulting from the use of narcotics is prone to experiencing depression, stress and excessive anxiety. The purpose of this study was to find out and overcome resilience in children who were caught in drug cases at LPKA 1 Palembang with an Islamic psychotherapy approach. The method used is a qualitative method with a qualitative descriptive approach and uses Islamic psychotherapy interventions. Research subjects amounted to 3 people. Data collection was obtained using interviews and observations. Data analysis uses descriptive and deductive techniques (describes and describes all problems clearly and in detail). The results of this study show that through Islamic psychotherapy intervention, namely gestalt therapy, to overcome the attitudes of children who are caught in drug cases in Class I LPKA Palembang. Islamic psychotherapy interventions carried out at LPKA Class I Palembang on narcotic addicts were able to build good resilience. The resilience possessed by Narcotics addicts cannot be separated from the learning process obtained during the detention period.

Comprehensive the effects of Counseling grouping with Gestalt therapy approach and Reality therapy on Emotion Regulation in adolescent girls

Aim: The effectiveness of group counseling was compared with Gestalt therapy and reality therapy on emotional regulation of adolescent girls in Tehran. Methods: The current research was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up phase. The statistical population included all teenage girls in the first year of high school in public schools in Tehran in the academic year 2018-2019. 45 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method and were randomly divided into three groups of 15 people. . The first experimental group received 10 90-minute sessions of group counseling with the Gestalt therapy approach, and the second experimental group received 10 90-minute sessions of reality therapy counseling. The research tool was the emotion regulation questionnaire of Garnevsky and Karij (2006). The data were analyzed using the method of variance analysis of repeated measures. Results: The results showed that Gestalt therapy intervention (F = 5.88, P = 0.020) and Reality therapy intervention (F = 5.77, P = 0.023) were effective on the emotional regulation score, and this effect was stable in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: Gestalt therapy group counseling and reality therapy have had a positive and significant effect on emotion regulation; therefore, group counseling, methodical Gestalt therapy and reality therapy are suitable methods to increase emotional regulation of teenagers. According to the obtained results, it is suggested that school counselors and psychotherapy centers use group counseling methods with Gestalt therapy and reality therapy to improve emotion regulation.

Ja, drugi i stid - doživljaj stida studenata u edukaciji za geštalt psihoterapeute

Internalized shame is the feeling that there's "something wrong" with our entire being, that we are unworthy of existence and belonging. Although shame is normally perceived as a solitary kind of pain, it is always relational in nature. Shame always accompanies the learning process in the education of future psychotherapists, as specific methods of experiential learning and quality demands provide fertile ground for shame emerging among the process participants. A more permanent recovery of the feeling of self may only emerge through the experience of another's authentic interest for our inner world and through the feeling of being seen and accepted. The goal of the research is to contribute to the understanding of others' role in the emergence and dynamics of shame in the context of the educational-experiential group. The research comprised 15 students in their 1st, 3rd and 4th year of Gestalt therapy training. We collected data by means of critical incident technique. Two qualitatively different themes emerged through the thematic reflexive analysis: me-that and shame, and me-you and shame. We analysed the findings from two perspectives-the relational paradigm of shame and transformative adult education.

Gestalt counseling application to resolve psychological disorder

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children in Indonesia is getting bigger and wider. Based on an analysis of various policy responses and research findings, it was found that one of the impacts caused by the pandemic was that it greatly impacted children's mental health. health protocols, most children have fear, anxiety, are starting to adapt to crowds of people because for almost a year they have only been undergoing the learning process online. Moreover, the impact caused by this virus is death. Gestalt therapy is a therapeutic approach used by many groups in their research. This approach is still rarely used in the school environment by counselors due to a lack of knowledge in using this Gestalt approach technique. The purpose of writing can provide information that the Gestalt approach with the techniques in it makes a good contribution in overcoming psychological disorders in children. The author uses the literature analysis method through Publish or Perish and uses VOS (Vos of viewers). This literature review has explored research on the benefits of the Gestalt approach for children. The results of using this literature analysis is that the Gestalt approach is beneficial for children, namely: emotional self-expression, conflict resolution, contact with therapists, well-being, self-esteem, communication skills and are useful in treating psychological disorders including reducing depression, child anxiety, parental anxiety, and symptoms of trauma and other psychological disorders. From the results of the literature review it shows that evidence of Gestalt interventions is effective in dealing with psychological disorders in children.

In and Out of Sync: an Example of Gestalt Therapy

This article emphasizes the importance of synchronization in changing patients’ dysfunctional patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors to functional ones. Furthermore, the concept of synchronization in psychotherapy is delineated herein, showing its feasibility through the free energy principle. Most sync-oriented publications focus on the therapist-patient relationship. In contrast, this article is focusing on the therapeutic process, especially by analyzing how dysfunctional units—both in an individual’s mind, as well as in social relationships—assemble in synchrony and how psychotherapy helps to disassemble and replace them with functional units. As an example, Gestalt psychology and Gestalt psychotherapy are demonstrated through the lenses of synchronization, supported by diverse case studies. Finally, it is concluded that synchronization is opening a gateway to understanding the change dynamics in psychotherapy and, as such, is worth further study.

Fenomenologiczny paradygmat psychoterapii Gestalt

This article examines the influence of the assumptions of the phenomenological method on the shape of Gestalt psychotherapy. Therefore, a comparative analysis of the main ideas of Edmund Husserl’s philosophy and the basic assumptions of Gestalt psychotherapy was performer. The strenght and importance of the underlying connections are indicated by both research methods used in Gestalt therapy: the directness of experiencem „suspedding” one’s own beliefs, horizontal description, and categories related to awareness: contact intentionality and „here and now” experience.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Gestalt Therapy, Behavioral Activation and Placebo on the Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Gestalt Therapy, Behavioral Activation and Placebo on the Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Development and Effect of Integrated Arts Group Program for Self-esteem and School adaptation of Elementary School Students: Using Gestalt Therapy

목적 본 연구의 목적은 초등학생들의 자아존중감을 증진시키고 학교생활적응을 향상시키기 위해서 게슈탈트 기법을 활용한 통합예술 집단프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과성을 검증하는 것이다. 방법 연구대상은 초등학교 4, 5, 6학년 학생 64명이다. 총 145명의 학생들에게 Elliott(1990)의 교사용 사회적 기술 평정척도를 수정한 김향지(1996)의 척도를 실시하고, 그 중 교사용 문제행동평정 점수가 높은 순서로 64명을 선발하였다. 연구대상은 실험집단 32명, 통제집단 32명으로 구분하고, 실험집단에게는 프로그램을 60분씩 총 16회기를 실시하였으며, 통제집단은 프로그램을 처치하지 않았다. 결과 프로그램의 효과를 분석하기 전, 실험집단과 통제집단 동질성을 알아보기 위해 사전검사점수를 이용하여 독립 F 검증을 실시하였다. 프로그램의 효과검증을 위하여 SPSSWIN 23.0 프로그램을 사용하여 실험집단과 통제집단의 사전 점수를 통제한 후 사후 및 추후의 집단별 차이를 살펴보기 위하여, 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 실시하였다. 그리고 참여자들의 자아존중감과 학교생활적응 사전, 사후, 추후 간의 점수차이를 검증하였다. 결론 게슈탈트 기법을 활용한 통합예술 집단프로그램은 초등학생의 발달단계를 고려하여 ‘나’를 주제로 시와 동화, 음악, 미술 활동을 통합적으로 구성하여, 자아존중감 증진과 학교생활적응 향상을 목적으로 알아차림, 접촉, 상호지지 및 관계성 향상, 체험통합을 내용으로 16회기로 구성하였다. 이 프로그램은 초등학생의 자아존중감과 학교생활적응에 긍정적인 효과가 있으며, 그 효과가 지속된다. 이러한 연구결과는 게슈탈트 기법을 활용한 통합예술 집단프로그램이 초등학생의 자아존중감 증진과 학교생활적응에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤음을 의미하며, 본 연구의 결과는 초등학생의 발달과 적응을 돕는 예방적 학교상담 프로그램으로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

On the Good Use ofIncohérence

ABSTRACTThe author relates his encounter with different concepts from the theory of gestalt therapy, both during his own training and also much later. He shows how difficult it seemed to him to reconcile some of these concepts with his own worldview, his own theoretical or methodological choices, and his personality. He also reveals how this incoherence drove him to explore other avenues in this direction and thereby build for himself a coherence of a different type, all the while striving to remain true to the basic principles of foundational gestalt therapy. He insists on the experiential character of the feeling of coherence or incoherence.1 He indicates how the creation of a new coherence leads to the emergence of new inconsistencies, and how this movement both avoids death-inducing fixations and turns out to be the expression of the vitality of reflection.

Dance of the Chairs and Dance of the Pronouns: Family Gestalt Therapy

Dance of the Chairs and Dance of the Pronouns: Family Gestalt Therapy

The Phenomenological Experience of Relationality Within Gestalt Therapy

AbstractGestalt therapy has recently undergone a relational turn, placing greater emphasis on relationality. Many authors have discussed the theoretical underpinnings of this turn; however, there are no qualitative accounts of what relationality looks like from the perspective of the client, and how clients derive meaning from this experience. Thus, the current study aims to explore the phenomenological experience of relationality in the context of gestalt therapy. Eight interviews were conducted with individuals who had participated in at least fifty sessions of therapy with a gestalt therapist. Interviews were analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Results indicated three main themes describing relationality, including, embodiment, the “in-between” space, and the development of awareness. If the current study provides a sense of what the client experiences within relationality, it also indicates that awareness develops through increased relationality, thus reflecting the importance of the relational turn.

Teknik kursi kosong: Terapi Gestalt untuk mengurangi perasaan marah remaja kepada ayah

Individu has problems in life. Inability of the individual to express their feelings can be unfinished business problems. In this case subject have an anger on the father that cause a bad interaction with him and juvenile delinquency. Assessment methods were observation, interview, Clinical Anger Scale, Draw a Person, Baum, House Tree Person and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. It can be said that the subject can not express the feeling to the father, so it becomes an unfinished business. The intervention used in this case was Gestalt Therapy with Empty Chair technique. This therapy was able to facilitate the subject in revealing unfinished business related problem with the father. The results of the intervention showed that the level of anger of the subject decreases.

BIMBINGAN TEKNIK KURSI KOSONG UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEBERANIAN MENYAMPAIKAN PENDAPAT MAHASISWA

The ability to speak and express opinions in public is one of the competencies that must be possessed by students. This study aims to determine how guidance with the empty chair technique is effective in improving the courage to express opinions in students. The results of the study show that the empty chair technique is proven to be able to help train communication skills and increase confidence in expressing opinions. The theoretical and practical implementation of guidance with the empty chair technique to improve the courage to express opinions in students has a very beneficial value for the development of concepts in guidance and counseling

Addressing the punitive parent mode in schema therapy for borderline personality disorder: Short-term effects of the empty chair technique as compared to cognitive challenging.

Background and objectivesIn Schema Therapy (ST) for Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) patients the empty chair technique (EC) is often used to diminish the ‘punitive parent mode’ (PP). The present study is a first attempt to assess whether EC is more effective in reducing the PP than a standard Cognitive Behavioral Therapy technique (CT). MethodsWe utilized a counterbalanced, crossover design comparing one EC session to one CT session in twenty patients with a primary BPD diagnosis who had started ST. Before and after each intervention we assessed credibility, power, and valence of the PP-associated core belief and how much power patients felt over this core belief (dominance). Patients also completed a working alliance inventory. An interview was conducted to explore subjective views regarding the interventions. ResultsBoth techniques reduced power and credibility of the PP-associated core belief and increased dominance. CT reduced credibility more strongly than EC. Still, patients preferred EC as they felt it was better able to elicit feelings during the session and believed it would be more effective than CT when administered repeatedly. LimitationsA complex technique was tested early in treatment and only once, effects might be different later in treatment and when applied repeatedly. Moreover, only short-term effects were assessed in a rather small sample. ConclusionBoth EC and CT help combat the PP in BPD patients, with CT being more effective in reducing credibility after one session. However, patients preferred EC and suggest multiple sessions might be needed to truly elucidate differences between both techniques.

Production of Subjectivities in a Division of Applied Psychology

This paper aims at discussing the different ways in which subjectivities are produced by psychological practices, with a focus on clinical practice. This research is conceptually based on Isabelle Stengers’ and Vinciane Despret’s Political Epistemology and Bruno Latour’s and John Law’s Actor-Network Theory. For these authors, scientific knowledge is produced not as a representation of reality through well-formed sentences, but as modes of articulation between researchers and investigated entities. To investigate these modes of articulation produced by clinical practices, we observed the modes of articulation present in specific psychological techniques with regard to their users, especially in a therapeutic environment. These techniques follow a wide range of therapeutic approaches (psychoanalysis, cognitive behavioral therapy, Gestalt therapy and institutional analysis) are currently being observed at the DPA (Division of Applied Psychology) at UFRJ (Federal University from Rio de Janeiro) through interviews and an ethnographic approach. Furthermore, we will discuss processes related to interns and patients. With regard to the interns, we observed a very complex and almost impossible mode of negotiation with respect to the practices, concepts and duration of therapy among the therapy groups at DPA. Their education in these different therapeutic approaches can be likened to a process of purification: beyond the discussion of some basic concepts, much of the interns’ education consists in the constant criticism of other approaches. It is also very rare to observe students who practice more than one approach: beyond the pragmatic problem in articulating very different practices, there is a constant process of critique between both groups to which the intern belongs. With regard to patients it was possible to perceive two response patterns: 1) Canonical answers about what therapy is and what its goals are, demonstrating docility regarding the psychologist’s authority. 2) Answers with a more inquisitive position about psychology, with an underlying understanding that it is a way of seeing the world, a philosophy of life, thus presenting a more recalcitrant position. In this case patients link therapy to very diverse practices, and they do so in a very active way, in a process that resembles what Foucault calls the techniques of the self (a group of practices and exercises used actively by someone aiming to transform themselves into an ethical being). We can find such techniques among patients in various practices, e.g. writing in diaries, the singular appropriations of the discourse of the therapists, and even exercises of self-questioning and problematization of the instances of collective life, such as prejudice, stereotypes and subliminal messages. Thus, we can define patients in various ways, but not as passive and patient creatures.

IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF NICOTINE DEPENDENCE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

Purpose. Increasing the importance and effectiveness of nicotine addiction treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods . A study of nicotine addiction in patients with type II diabetes mellitus was carried out on the basis of the Department of Endocrinology of the Samara State Medical University Clinics in 2019. The psychological study included 60 men aged 45-60 who are undergoing planned treatment in the endocrinology department for type II diabetes mellitus. Psychological research included: conversation, study of the type of attitude towards illness (TOBOL), study of adherence to treatment (Moriska – Green Compliance Scale). Work with tobacco dependence was carried out according to the WHO recommendations according to the “5 A” principle [14]. Work with patients was carried out in the key of rational, behavioral and gestalt therapy. Results and discussion . In total, 24 group meetings were held – 12 group meetings in each polyclinic group of 26 people. The results obtained showed a decrease in the number of patients with a low level of physical wellbeing, psychological well-being, optimism, self-confidence, and readiness to quit smoking. Along with this, there was an increase in the number of patients with a high level of physical well-being, psychological well-being, optimism), readiness to quit smoking. As for compliance, the overall picture has also improved: there were 39 highly adherent patients among the studied (an increase from 10 % to 75 %), moderately adherent – 13 (a decrease from 73.3 % to 25 %), weakly adherent no (there were 16.7 %). Conclusions . Psychological support of nicotine-dependent patients with diabetes mellitus must necessarily include educational work with patients, work with increasing the level of self-control of the disease and adherence to treatment, with a psychoemotional state. It is optimal to include patients with diabetes mellitus in the group psychotherapeutic process in order to provide mutual assistance and receive effective support in the treatment of tobacco smoking and raise the consciousness of patients in relation to the prevention of complications of diabetes mellitus, and to the disease itself in general.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Gestalt Therapy and Selection Theory on Marital Intimacy in Women with Breast Cancer in Yasuj, Iran

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Gestalt Therapy and Selection Theory on Marital Intimacy in Women with Breast Cancer in Yasuj, Iran

Studi Kepustakaan Penerapan Terapi Kursi Kosong (Empty Chair) dalam Terapi Gestalt

The purpose of this study is to describe the empty chair technique in gestalt therapy regarding: 1) the successful application of the empty chair technique, 2) the goal and setting of the empty chair technique, 3) the procedure and duration of empty chair technique therapy, 4) suggestions and recommendations about the empty chair technique. The research method of applying the empty chair technique in gestalt therapy was library research. The 14 journals would be grouped and summarized into a table into 4 focus discussions. The main focus in Gestalt counseling is to help individuals through their transition from a state that is always assisted by the environment to a state of self-sufficiency (self-support).

СУЧАСНА ПРОБЛЕМАТИКА КОГНІТИВНО-ПОВЕДІНКОВОЇ ТЕРАПІЇ

Prolonged instability of socio-political conditions and unpredictable transformations in the modern life of many countries of the world require from the average person realization of stress-protective abilities and constant activation of an adaptive reserve. These features of modern life make increased demands on psychotherapeutic practice. One of the most recognized modern methods of psychotherapeutic care around the world is cognitive-behavioral therapy, which is rapidly evolving and systematically updated with new data. We consider timely and relevant analysis of recent publications in the field of cognitive-behavioral therapy and identification of promising research topics that will serve as a basis for their further in-depth study. The purpose of the article is to determine the main directions and priority topics of research of cognitive-behavioral therapy at the present stage of its development (for the last 5 years during 2017-2021). During the research the methods of theoretical analysis of scientific sources on research issues were used; systematization, generalization of the analyzed data. According to the results of our study, two main areas were identified: theoretical and methodological (specified components of the “third wave” of cognitive-behavioral therapy; data on comparing the methodology of cognitive-behavioral therapy with other psychotherapeutic practices, including Gestalt therapy, Мusic therapy) and methodical (means of cognitive-behavioral therapy aimed at diagnosing cognitive errors – “Scale of emotional schemes of R. Likha” in adaptation by N. Sirota, questionnaire of cognitive errors by A. Freeman, R. DeVolf in adaptation by O. Bobrov and E. Faizrakhmanova, Scale of cognitive exposures R. Kovin in the adaptation of T. Kryukova, identified areas of implementation of modern training programs of cognitive-behavioral therapy – educational activities, family relationships). The obtained results can be applied in the education in order to update the work programs and educational literature on teaching the basics of cognitive-behavioral therapy. A review of current research on cognitive-behavioral therapy has shown that the priority topics of the theoretical and methodological direction are the latest trends of the third wave of cognitive-behavioral therapy, as well as a comparative analysis of cognitive-behavioral therapy and other psychotherapeutic practices. The most relevant topics of methodological direction are the development and adaptation of methodological tools of cognitive-behavioral therapy; improvement of technologies for conducting sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy in clinical practice; introduction of training programs in the paradigm of cognitive-behavioral therapy in socio-pedagogical practice. It can be generalized that modern cognitive-behavioral therapy is intensively developed and updated in accordance with the requirements of the time (integration of approaches, Internet communication, mobile applications for cognitive-behavioral therapy).