George Washington University Medical Center Research Articles

Metals and disorders of cell accumulation: modulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation.

*Inorganic Carcinogenesis Section, Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12233, MD F0-09, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; †College of Optometry and Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas; ‡Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky; §Department of Pharmacology, Molecular and Cellular Oncology Program, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.; and ¶Institute of Chemical Toxicology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan

The Collected Reports from SUPPORT and HELP: An Annotated Bibliography of Manuscripts in print as of December 31, 1999, and SUPPORT Prognostic Formulas

Journal of the American Geriatrics SocietyVolume 48, Issue S1 p. S222-S233 The Collected Reports from SUPPORT and HELP: An Annotated Bibliography of Manuscripts in print as of December 31, 1999, and SUPPORT Prognostic Formulas Nancy Freeborne MPH PA-C, Corresponding Author Nancy Freeborne MPH PA-CThe Physician Assistant Program, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2175 K St NW, Suite 820, Washington DC 20037.Search for more papers by this author Nancy Freeborne MPH PA-C, Corresponding Author Nancy Freeborne MPH PA-CThe Physician Assistant Program, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2175 K St NW, Suite 820, Washington DC 20037.Search for more papers by this author First published: 27 April 2015 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03136.xCitations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume48, IssueS1May 2000Pages S222-S233 RelatedInformation

Impact of two ambulatory care training programs on smoking-cessation activities.

Tobacco use causes significant morbidity and mortality. Resident physicians at the George Washington University Medical Center are trained to counsel patients to stop smoking. I retrospectively reviewed charts of 300 patients treated by resident physicians in the Department of Medicine (200) and the Department of Health Care Sciences (100). In the 200 patients cared for by resident physicians in the traditional internal medicine training program, a smoking history was obtained in 93 (47%). Forty-seven patients (51%) smoked, and 7 smokers (15%) were counseled to stop smoking. In 100 patients cared for by resident physicians in the primary care internal medicine training program, a smoking history was obtained in 94 patients (94%). Twenty-three patients (24%) smoked, and 11 (48%) were counseled to stop smoking. Resident physicians in the primary care training program obtained more smoking histories and counseled more patients to stop smoking. Further study is necessary to evaluate strategies that can be used in residency training to encourage smoking-cessation counseling.

Depth-Psychological Under-standing: The Methodologic Grounding of Clinical Interpretations.

Clinical Professor of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences; George Washington University Medical Center; Washington, DC

Academic health centers can bridge the gulf between medicine and public health.

The authors review why the gulf between clinical medicine and public health has existed since the first schools of public health were established in 1916. They emphasize that academic health centers (AHCs) have the potential to bring together these two perspectives--as well as the health services perspective--to clarify what they offer and to find creative ways to build upon their combined strengths. The authors describe institutional approaches that can be taken to narrow the gulf, with examples from the initiatives of this type that are under way at The George Washington University Medical Center in Washington, D.C. For example, the authors state and discuss in detail that an AHC's medical, public health, and health services institutions should be physically and institutionally close; that collaboration between them requires well-structured interaction; that institutional structures are needed to ensure cooperation when internal competition is likely; and that collaboration is fostered by new opportunities and the potential for new resources. The authors conclude by stating that the future will require that the health education and prevention perspective of public health, the treatment perspective of medicine, and the financial and management perspective of health services be developed and integrated into the work of AHCs, and give examples of specific activities that would be possible with such integration.

Plastic surgical workforce: too many or too few?

From the Division of Plastic Surgery, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC.

Silver Amplification for Electron Microscopy: An Overview.

The Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, U.S.A.

Immunogold Labeling for Transmission Electron Microscopy: Exploring New Frontiers.

Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology/Neurobiology Research Group, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy (A.M.); The Center for Microscopy and Image Analysis, The George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, U.S.A. (R.R.); Institute of Pathological Anatomy, General Hospital, Salzburg, Austria (W.M.).

Endotoxin does not enhance nitrite-induced nitric oxide (NO) generation in mice: [formula omitted] Department of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037

Endotoxin does not enhance nitrite-induced nitric oxide (NO) generation in mice: [formula omitted] Department of Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2300 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20037

Neonatal Infammatory Cytokines and Cerebral Palsy

The association of inflammatory, autoimmune and coagulation factors with cerebral palsy (CP) was examined at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, and the Immunochemistry Laboratory, George Washington University Medical Center, using dried, preserved neonatal blood spot specimens of 31 children enrolled in the California Birth Defects case-controlled study of spastic CP and compared to 65 control children.

The new genetic paradigm in child psychiatry

David A. Mrazek MD, FRCPsych, The George Washington University Medical Center, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Room 8-419, Washington DC20037, USA. Tel: +1 202 994 1712

The children's hour: the State Children's Health Insurance Program.

The State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) is the product of a series of policy and political compromises and generates numerous structural and policy issues for states. CHIP entitles states to federal financial aid to provide health assistance to targeted children, through Medicaid expansions, new program implementation, or a product of the two. States that elect to operate CHIP programs apart from Medicaid have enormous discretion under the law to determine how they will structure their programs, the services they will cover, the form that benefits will take, and the conditions of participation and consumer protections that will apply. Determining what approach to take, as well as how to respond to the choices posed by the statute, represents a major test of how states address the needs of children and families.

Intraoperative cytologic diagnosis of granulomas: a retrospective study of 156 cases.

To avoid contamination of equipment and reduce risks of infection, intraoperative cytology (IOC) is a useful substitute to conventional frozen section in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. One of the various histomorphologic patterns of infections is the granuloma, which sometimes may be difficult to diagnose cytologically. In an attempt to assess accuracy and pitfalls of IOC in the diagnosis of granuloma, cases diagnosed as granuloma on IOC or on permanent sections (PS) at George Washington University Medical Center were collected for the period of September 1990 to March 1996. Cyto-histologic correlation was performed. During that time, a diagnosis of granuloma in either the IOC or PS was rendered in 156 of 5,901 IOC cases. IOC showed definite granuloma (87), suspicious for granuloma (23), and neither definite nor suspicious for granuloma in 46 cases. The latter group corresponded to neoplasms (5) and benign conditions (41). Eighty-five cases were accurately diagnosed as definite granuloma by both IOC and PS. Fifty-seven cases diagnosed as granuloma by PS corresponded on IOC to suspicious for granuloma (11), benign smear (41), and neoplasms (5). Only two cases were incorrectly diagnosed as granuloma on IOC: a neoplasm and a case of fibrosis. Overall, four cases of neoplasms were interpreted as suspicious for granuloma (3) or definite granuloma (1) on IOC, and five cases of granulomas were misdiagnosed as neoplasms on IOC. Four of these nine case were deferred for a PS diagnosis. IOC is a useful tool in the diagnosis of granulomas with a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 99% and positive and negative predictive values of 98% and 99%, respectively. Rarely, neoplasms may be misdiagnosed as granulomas and vice versa.

Intraoperative cytologic diagnosis of granulomas: A retrospective study of 156 cases

To avoid contamination of equipment and reduce risks of infection, intraoperative cytology (IOC) is a useful substitute to conventional frozen section in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. One of the various histomorphologic patterns of infections is the granuloma, which sometimes may be difficult to diagnose cytologically. In an attempt to assess accuracy and pitfalls of IOC in the diagnosis of granuloma, cases diagnosed as granuloma on IOC or on permanent sections (PS) at George Washington University Medical Center were collected for the period of September 1990 to March 1996. Cyto-histologic correlation was performed. During that time, a diagnosis of granuloma in either the IOC or PS was rendered in 156 of 5,901 IOC cases. IOC showed definite granuloma (87), suspicious for granuloma (23), and neither definite nor suspicious for granuloma in 46 cases. The latter group corresponded to neoplasms (5) and benign conditions (41). Eighty-five cases were accurately diagnosed as definite granuloma by both IOC and PS. Fifty-seven cases diagnosed as granuloma by PS corresponded on IOC to suspicious for granuloma (11), benign smear (41), and neoplasms (5). Only two cases were incorrectly diagnosed as granuloma on IOC: a neoplasm and a case of fibrosis. Overall, four cases of neoplasms were interpreted as suspicious for granuloma (3) or definite granuloma (1) on IOC, and five cases of granulomas were misdiagnosed as neoplasms on IOC. Four of these nine case were deferred for a PS diagnosis. IOC is a useful tool in the diagnosis of granulomas with a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 99% and positive and negative predictive values of 98% and 99%, respectively. Rarely, neoplasms may be misdiagnosed as granulomas and vice versa. Diagn. Cytopathol. 1998;18:62–66. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

5585234 Treatment of infertile sperm in vitro with thymosin alpha1 to enhance penetration of mammalian ova : Naz Rajesh K; Goldstein Allan L Bronx, NY, United States Assigned to The George Washington University Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine

5585234 Treatment of infertile sperm in vitro with thymosin alpha1 to enhance penetration of mammalian ova : Naz Rajesh K; Goldstein Allan L Bronx, NY, United States Assigned to The George Washington University Medical Center; Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Response to clomiphene citrate challenge test in normal women through perimenopause.

To identify the physiological changes that discriminate subgroups of women along the reproductive continuum. This prospective study was carried out at the outpatient facility of George Washington University Medical Center and the outpatient clinic of the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center. Twenty-five female subjects were divided into 4 biologically distinct groups: group 1 (n = 4) regular menstrual cycles and under age 35; group 2 (n = 11) regular cycles and over age 35; group 3(n = 6) irregular cycles and over age 35, and group 4(n = 4) menopausal. Measurements of basal and stimulated gonadotropins (immunoactive LH, LH-I; bioactive LH, LH-B; immunoactive FSH, FSH-I) and E2 were obtained before and after administration of clomiphene citrate. Basal and stimulated gonadotropins and E2 were analyzed to discriminate between subject groups 1-4. The relationship of menstrual cyclicity to hormone levels was evaluated. Basal levels of LH-I, LH-B, FSH-I could discriminate only group 4 vs. groups 1-3. Stimulated levels of FSH-I and E2 were significantly different for group 2 vs. 3 and group 2 vs. 4. Group 1 was similar to group 2. Both stimulated FSH-I and stimulated LH-I and LH-B differentiated group 4 vs. groups 1-3. The LH-B:LH-I (B:I) ratio was not discriminatory after the clomiphene citrate challenge test (CCCT). Baseline hormone values were useful in distinguishing only group 4. CCCT unmasked differences in FSH and E2 between irregularly and regularly cycling older women; these differences were not scen with LH-B or B:I ratio. Stimulated FSH was the most useful hormone parameter and paralleled menstrual cycle regularity as a useful discriminator in older women.

5593964 Method of treating septic shock by preventing actin polymerization : Goldstein Allan; Fagarasan Mirela O Bethedsa, MD, United States Assigned to The George Washington University Medical Center

5593964 Method of treating septic shock by preventing actin polymerization : Goldstein Allan; Fagarasan Mirela O Bethedsa, MD, United States Assigned to The George Washington University Medical Center

Patient and Physician Gender May Influence Colorectal Cancer Screening by Resident Physicians

Colorectal cancer causes significant morbidity and mortality in the United States. Despite the publication and acceptance of screening guidelines, there is evidence that physicians inconsistently adhere to the recommendations. Recent data also suggest that women may thereby receive inadequate cancer surveillance. This study was designed to evaluate internal medicine residents' performance of colorectal cancer screening at The George Washington University Medical Center during 1989–1994. A retrospective chart review of 200 medical records (110 women, 90 men) revealed that resident physicians performed 85 (42.5%) rectal examinations, 95 (47.5%) fecal occult blood tests, and 21 (10.5%) flexible sigmoidoscopies. Among the 110 female patients, 41 (37.3%) had rectal examinations, 43 (39.1%) had fecal occult blood testing, and 13 (11.8%) had flexible sigmoidoscopies. Among the 90 male patients, 44 (48.9%) had rectal examinations, 52 (57.8%) had fecal occult blood testing, and 8 (8.9%) had flexible sigmoidoscopies. Male patients had significantly more (p < 0.008) fecal occult blood tests than female patients. In addition, female physicians performed more rectal examinations (p < 0.04) and fecal occult blood testing (p < 0.02) on their female patients than did male physicians. Male physicians performed more rectal examinations (p < 0.04) on their male patients than did female physicians. Efforts should be made to improve screening practices by resident physicians. Additional research should be conducted to evaluate the impact of patient and physician gender on the implementation of colorectal cancer screening guidelines.

Prevention of nitroglycerin tolerance with diuretics: N. Mohanty, A.G. Wasserman, P. Walker, R.J. Katz. Division of Cardiology, George Washington University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Washington, DC. Am Heart J 1995;130:522–7

Prevention of nitroglycerin tolerance with diuretics: N. Mohanty, A.G. Wasserman, P. Walker, R.J. Katz. Division of Cardiology, George Washington University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Washington, DC. Am Heart J 1995;130:522–7

Vancomycin removal by plasmapheresis: [formula omitted], Susie Q. Lew, Dept of Med, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC

Vancomycin removal by plasmapheresis: [formula omitted], Susie Q. Lew, Dept of Med, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC