Geometry Factors Research Articles

P‐19: A Study of Oxide TFT Vth Shift Behavior by Characterizing with Nano‐scale SIMS

In the present work we developed advanced nano‐scale SIMS technology and investigated oxide TFTs Vth shift behavior. Not only vertical but also lateral resolutions were improved by modification of geometry factors and optimized the impact energy. By applying developed method, we found that a halogen element was directly modulated electrical property of oxide TFTs by generating free electrons. Both the patterning and post‐fabrication annealing processes had to be precisely controlled.

Thickness Measurement of Titanium Alloy Sheet Based on Eddy Current Method With a Novel Simplified Model

This article proposes a novel simplified model that describes the real part (in-phase component) of the difference in pickup coil voltage when an eddy current (EC) sensor consisting of two coils (excitation and pickup coils) is placed above the titanium (Ti) alloy sheet. A parameter that encapsulates the coil geometry factors is integrated into the classical Dodd–Deeds model, and then, the model is simplified by combining with the electromagnetic properties of Ti alloy. The use of the simplified model provides a thickness measurement method for Ti alloy sheets. The measured thickness can be calculated directly from the calibration signal by using the model, without the need to predict response by solving the forward model in advance. Experimental measurements were conducted on TC4 (Ti-6Al-4V) Ti alloy sheets of different thicknesses with a developed EC sensor and measurement system. The experiment verified the proposed model and measurement method. The experimental results shown that the maximum measurement error is less than 2.86%, which is greatly lower than the permissible error of the current industry standard. This study provides a theoretical basis and a fast method for EC thickness measurement of Ti alloy.

Normal and Superconducting Properties of Bi1.7Pb0.30Sr2Ca1−xLaxCu2Oy Superconductor with 0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.30

We report here normal and superconducting properties of Bi1.7Pb0.30Sr2Ca1−xLaxCu2Oy superconductor with various x values (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.30). It is found that the replacement of Ca2+ by La3+ does not influence the phase purity of the samples, while the orthorhombic distortion, excess oxygen, effective Cu valance, and hole carriers/Cu ions are affected. Further, the doping distance and crystal geometry factor are decreased by La, but the distance between neighboring Cu atoms and the density of excess doping are increased. Furthermore, the DTA graphs show strong endothermic peaks at a temperature of 844.1, 848.03, 850.10, and 857.41 °C for pure and La-doped samples, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis diagrams displayed a sharp mass loss started at about 800 °C and extended up to 1000 °C for all samples. Although the critical temperature Tc of the samples is decreased by La from 94 K to 83, 63, and 51 K, the critical concentration for quenching superconductivity can be extended above 0.30. Moreover, an inverse linear relation between Tm and Tc, given by Tc (K) = − 2.544 Tm (°C) + 2272.1, is also estimated. On the other hand, the Vickers hardness Hv is increased by La up to 0.30 (Hv α Tm, Hv α (1/Tc)), but it is decreased by the applied load F. The Hv-F characters are divided according to the applied load into two parts: the first at lower loads (0.00–1.962 N) and the second at higher loads (2.942–4.904 N). It is noted that the surface energy, elastic indentation, and resistance pressure are increased by La, but their values at higher loads are generally more than that of lower loads. Our results are discussed in terms of the balance between the hole carriers lost by La3+ with that introduced by excess oxygen in the Cu-O2 planes, which alters the quenching of superconductivity by La3+ and highlights the present work.

Maximum Sizes of Fluid-Occupied Pores within Hydrate-Bearing Porous Media Composed of Different Host Particles

Hydraulic properties of hydrate-bearing sediments are largely affected by the maximum size of pores occupied by fluids. However, effects of host particle properties on the maximum size of fluid-occupied pores within hydrate-bearing sediments remain elusive, and differences in the maximum equivalent, incircle, and hydraulic diameters of fluid-occupied pores evolving with hydrate saturation have not been well understood. In this study, numerical simulations of grain-coating and pore-filling hydrate nucleation and growth within different artificial porous media are performed to quantify the maximum equivalent, incircle, and hydraulic diameters of fluid-occupied pores during hydrate formation, and how maximum diameters of fluid-occupied pores change with hydrate saturation is analyzed. Then, theoretical models of geometry factors for incircle and hydraulic diameters are proposed based on fractal theory, and variations of fluid-occupied pore shapes during hydrate formation are discussed. Results show that host particle properties have obvious effects on the intrinsic maximum diameters of fluid-occupied pores and introduce discrepancies in evolutions of the maximum pore diameters during hydrate formation. Pore-filling hydrates reduce the maximum incircle and hydraulic diameters of fluid-occupied pores much more significantly than grain-coating hydrates; however, hydrate pore habits have minor effects on the maximum equivalent diameter reduction. Shapes of fluid-occupied pores change little due to the presence of grain-coating hydrates, but pore-filling hydrates lead to much fibrous shapes of fluid-occupied pores.

Influence of Al2O3 nanoparticle and Y-shaped fins on melting and solidification of paraffin

The present research aims to study the charge and discharge processes within a triplex-tube system. In this system, the water flows inside the outer and inner pipes and the annulus region is filled with RT82 as the phase change material (PCM). The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the effects of adding Al2O3 nanoparticles with concentration of 0 and 0.05 as well as influence of geometry, fin installation, and other influential factors on these processes. The simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent 18.1 and verification with previous articles guaranteed the correctness of modeling. The flow was considered laminar and the Boussinesq approximation has been employed to the problem. Moreover, the stored energy was evaluated. The results suggest that the usage of nanoparticles leads to significant conduction enhancements and can reduce the solidification and melting time in system about 12 and 6.4%, respectively. Also, the fin installation results in decrement of solidification and melting time by 5 and 37.8%, respectively.

Cooperative effects due to Ca substitution by La on the normal and superconducting states of (Bi, Pb):2223 system

The normal and superconducting properties of Bi1.7Pb0.30Sr2Ca2−xLaxCu2Oy (Bi, Pb):2223 system with various x values (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.30) have been reported. It is found that the replacement of Ca2+ by La3+ up to 0.30 does not influence the phase purity of the pure system, while the orthorhombic distortion, excess oxygen, effective Cu valance and hole carriers/Cu ions are clearly affected. Further, the doping distance and crystal geometry factor are decreased, but the distance between neighboring Cu-atoms and density of excess doping are increased. Furthermore, the DTA diagrams show strong endothermic peaks Tm at 844.1, 848, 850.1 and 857.4 °C for pure and La samples, respectively. The mass loss determined by TGA displayed a sharp mass loss started at about 800 °C and extended to 1000 °C for all samples. Although the critical temperatures Tc of the samples are decreased by La insertion from 119 to 104, 71, and 53 K, the critical concentration for quenching superconductivity may be extended above 0.30. On the other hand, the Vickers hardness Hv is increased by La up to 0.30, but it is decreased by the applied load F. Additionally, a negative linear relation between Tm or HV and Tc is obtained as due to cooperative interactions, (Tc ∝ –Tm) i.e. there are an extended forces acting along such a wide temperature range. The Hv–F characters are divided into two linear parts; the first at lower loads (0.00–1.96 N) and the second at higher loads (2.94–4.90 N). The variation of surface energy ϒ against La is different according to the range of applied loads, while the elastic indentation de is decreased, and the resistance pressure Fo is increased. But, the values of Fo and de at higher loads are generally more than that of lower loads, while the vice is versa for the ϒ. Our results are discussed in terms of the balance between the hole carriers lost by La3+ with that introduced by excess oxygen in the Cu–O2 planes.

A multiphysics model for studying transient crevice corrosion of stainless steel

The transient crevice corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel in NaCl solution has been investigated by a multiphysics coupling model. The model considers local electrochemical reactions, transport of different species, and homogeneous reactions. The moving mesh method is used to obtain the geometrical change of the crevice wall with time due to corrosion. The level set method is employed to quantitatively describe the influence of the precipitation process on electrochemical reactions. The transient crevice corrosion morphology, potential and current distributions, and pH and chloride ion concentration distributions are obtained by simulation. The effect of crevice geometry factors on the corrosion process is also discussed. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experiments, showing that the model has high reliability.

To study the influence of process parameters on weld bead geometry in shielded metal arc welding

Abstract Mechanical properties of welded joints are greatly affected by weld bead geometry. Reinforcement height, depth of penetration and weld bead width are considered to be extremely important factors of weld bead geometry. In this research work, the influence of input process parameters like welding current, welding voltage, welding speed and electrode angle on the depth of penetration, reinforcement height and weld bead width is investigated. This research work has shown that depth of penetration and weld bead width vary directly while reinforcement height varies inversely with welding current and also there occurs a direct relation of reinforcement height and weld bead width with welding voltage and inverse relation of depth of penetration with welding voltage. It has also revealed that depth of penetration varies directly with welding speed. On the other hand, reinforcement height and weld bead width vary inversely with welding speed. It was also observed that depth of penetration, reinforcement height and weld bead width are not affected considerably up to electrode angle of 10° but beyond 10°, depth of penetration and reinforcement height decrease and weld bead width increase. It is very important to establish a relationship between input process parameters and weld bead geometry for achieving good quality weldments.

Performance of inclined heliostat solar field with solar geometrical factors

ABSTRACT The solar tower power plant (STPP) is one of the most renowned technologies for large-scale renewable electricity production. The solar field of STPP is made up of several hundreds of mirrors, known as heliostats. The orientation of each heliostat is time dependent and follows the actual sunpath in two-dimensions and focuses the solar flux to the receiver. There is a strong relationship between the solar geometrical factors and the amount of solar flux reflected from the mirror to the receiver. The present paper aims to evaluate critically the time-variant performance of inclined heliostat solar field and examines the performance in reference to the distinctive positions of sun-earth geometry (solar solstices and equinoxes) and solar geometrical factors. The analysis encompasses the criticality of the investigations in terms of cosine efficiency, shadow and blocking efficiency, field optical efficiency, intercept efficiency, flux distribution on the receiver, etc. It is observed that the average field efficiency is the highest at equinox with 76% followed by winter solstice (73%) and summer solstice (68%). It is observed that in the morning and evening time when the zenith angle is high during winter solstice and equinox, the field optical efficiency of the inclined surface solar field increases 12–13% and 1%, respectively, in comparison to the flat surface solar field. The average total shadow-blocking-intercept efficiency of inclined surface solar field is found to be 11.28%, 4.66%, and 6.23% higher than flat surface solar field during the winter solstice, summer solstice, and equinox, respectively. In the present analysis, atmospheric attenuation efficiency is found to be 0.2% higher for the inclined surface.

Design guideline on board-level thermomechanical reliability of 2.5D package

A vast range of electronics products have utilized 2.5D packages for better performance and miniaturization. As multi-level assembly technologies are getting mature, 2.5D packaging technology becomes affordable. In this work, design guideline for board-level reliability of a 2.5D package was provided with respect to accelerated thermal cycling (ATC) and power cycling (PC). Finite element models were built and validated step-by-step by warpage measurement. Solder fatigue life in power cycling was investigated with temperature mapping technique merged into the process of scripting, which conducts load transfers from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to finite element analysis (FEA). ATC test was conducted with solder joint failure analysis. Fatigue life projection model was determined by correlation between tested life data and simulation results. Parametric studies regarding geometry factors and material properties were performed including PCB, substrate, thermal interface material (TIM) and lid adhesive, to give design suggestions to improve board-level thermal reliability. It is found that CTE mismatch between the substrate and the PCB is the major factor affecting board-level reliability in accelerated thermal cycling. Maximum junction temperature of a 2.5D FPGA package is dependent on application scenarios and working environment. Designed maximum junction temperature and applied heatsink clamping force have considerable influences on board-level reliability.

Subsurface Shallow Modelling Based on Resistivity Data in The Hot Springs Area of Libungo Geothermal, Gorontalo

Volcano-tectonic events in Libungo can be the cause of the presence of geothermal potential. There is no detailed research on shallow subsurface conditions in Libungo that can show the distribution of subsurface fluids. This research aims to create a shallow subsurface model of the Libungo geothermal area based on resistivity data. Resistivity data collection was carried out in the Libungo hot springs area. The electrode configuration used is the Schlumberger configuration. The variation in resistivity values is calculated using current data, potential difference data and geometry factors. The results of the calculation of the resistivity values variation are plotted versus depth. Variations of resistivity value versus depth are then displayed in the form of a single log, lithology distribution and 3D lithology model. The results showed that the shallow subsurface of the Libungo geothermal area was composed of andesite, volcanic breccia, silty clay and clay. Andesite in the research area has resistivity values ranging from 320 - 349 Ωm, has slightly fracture and is andesite dry. Volcanic breccia has a resistivity value of 177-198 Ωm, has a well to slightly fracture and is a volcanic breccia moist. Silty clay has a resistivity value of 3.25-37.99 Ωm and is a wet to moist silty clay. Clay has resistivity values in the range 1.56-2.78 Ωm and is wet to moist clay. Fluid distribution in the shallow subsurface area occurs in volcanic breccia, silty clay and clay. Shallow subsurface fluids accumulate mostly in the northern part of the Libungo geothermal area.

Extrem climate engineering geology: Soil engineering properties response to drought climate and measures for disaster mitigation

<p indent="0mm">Due to global climate change, extreme climate events occur in increasing frequency and intensity and act on earth surface in various ways, inducing a series of engineering geological disasters, which seriously affect the sustainable economic and social development, and bring many new challenges to current engineering geology research. There is an urgent need to strengthen the basic research on extreme climate engineering and disaster prevention and mitigation. It has important strategic and practical significance for improving China’s defense and decision-making capabilities when major projects are subjected to climate change and extreme climate events, and for improving China’s comprehensive prevention and control capabilities of natural disasters. It is also an important mission and development direction of modern engineering geology. This paper focuses on how the extreme climate affects geological bodies and major projects, and how to induce disasters from the perspective of engineering geology. In addition, this paper systematically summarizes the research advances of drought climate-induced soil engineering property response processes and catastrophic mechanisms, especially the processes and mechanisms of soil evaporation, shrinkage, and desiccation cracking. Generally, the evaporation process of soil water occurs in three fairly distinct stages: constant rate stage, falling rate stage and residual stage. The constant rate stage occurs when the soil is still fully saturated. The moisture transfer is dominated by liquid flow and mainly controlled by capillary force. The change of soil from saturated to unsaturated state results in the evaporation transition from constant rate stage to falling rate stage. In this stage, the moisture transfers in both liquid and vapor forms and the later one gradually dominates the evaporation process. The evaporation reaches residual stage when the pore water is dominated by absorbed water, and the moisture transfers in vapor form only. The volumetric shrinkage soil is mainly attributed to suction-induced pore size reduction. Based on soil shrinkage characteristic curve, three shrinkage stages can be distinguished: normal shrinkage, residual shrinkage and zero shrinkage. Most of the volumetric shrinkage occurs before the air-entry point while the soil is still fully saturated. The shrinkage direction of soil shows obvious anisotropy, which can be quantified by shrinkage geometry factor. At low degree of compaction, the radial shrinkage strain is higher than axial shrinkage strain, and the shrinkage geometry factor is larger than 3, while it is contrary at high degree of compaction. The reversibility of shrinkage deformation depends on soil suction. Shrinkage deformation is reversible when suction is higher than <sc>113 MPa.</sc> Drying-induced soil desiccation cracking process takes place in three typical stages (i.e., primary cracks initiate, sub-cracks initiate and crack network stabilization), and presents evident time-order characteristics. New cracks always start perpendicularly from the existing cracks. Generally, the initiation and propagation of desiccation cracks show evident dynamic characteristics and significantly depend on soil water evaporation rate, stress state and shrinkage potential. The cracks initiate at constant evaporation rate stage where soil is still fully saturated. The cracking water content can be much higher than liquid limit. Cracking is likely to occur if the tensile stress, which is induced by soil suction or shrinkage constraint, reaches the tensile strength of soil. It is believed that soil suction and tensile strength are the two key mechanical parameters that control the cracking behavior. From a perspective of soil structure, cracking is the result of pore shrinkage and microstructure re-arrangement. The mechanical effect and shrinkage potential are proposed as the two prerequisite factors for crack initiation. Quantitative characterization of crack patterns plays a very important role in understanding the cracking dynamic and mechanism. Image processing technique has been proved as a powerful, efficient and high-accurate tool for quantitative description of crack patterns. In the past decades, systematic research methods for soil cracking have been well established, including testing, monitoring, quantifying, data processing etc. These achievements make up for the research blanks of drought climate disasters in the field of engineering geology, and provide scientific basis for guiding engineering geological practice and disaster prevention and mitigation in arid regions. In the future, in addition to strengthening basic research on climate change and atmosphere-geological body interaction, the related technical research should also be strengthened, such as distributed optical fiber sensing technology, microbial geological engineering technology on nature-based solutions, big data and cloud computing technology, artificial intelligence technology, so as to prevent and mitigate disasters in engineering geology by providing advanced theoretical and technical support.

Conditions for loss compensation of surface plasmon polaritons in a metal layer surrounded by an active dielectric: an analytic solution

The propagation length of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) is limited by the internal losses in the metal and the radiation losses due to the structure imperfections at the interface. These losses can be compensated by introducing material with optical gain (active medium) in the system. The required gain for complete loss compensation depends not only on the dissipative properties of the metal but also on the geometry of the structure. The geometry factor can weaken the gain requirements and one promising system, in this respect, is a metal layer embedded in an active medium. Here we present an analytical solution for this system, which allows to find the curves of exact loss compensation in the complex plane of the dielectric function of the gain medium. These curves determine the minimum required gain of the active medium for lossless SPP propagation. The solution is given for both modes of SPP propagation. This approach is then illustrated and discussed for silver and gold layers embedded in an active media.

Novel micro-scale specimens for mode-dependent fracture testing of brittle materials: A case study on GaAs single crystals

To study microscale fracture behavior under mode II and mode III loading new sample geometries are proposed. Finite element simulations were carried out to determine the mode I, II and III stress intensity factor distributions over the sample width as well as the geometry factors. Notched samples were prepared in GaAs single crystals by focused ion beam milling. Two crack systems were investigated to improve the understanding of the cleavage behavior in this anisotropic material. Critical stress intensity factors were measured for mode I, II and III loading for the first time on the microscale. Fracture toughness under mode I loading was measured using micro-cantilevers and found to be 0.54 ± 0.04 MPa√m and 0.50 ± 0.05 MPa√m for the {100}〈110〉 and {110}〈100〉 crack systems, respectively. In-plane shear loading (mode II) led to crack kinking and a fracture toughness of 0.48 ± 0.05 MPa√m and 0.72 ± 0.01 MPa√m. Out-of-plane shear loading (mode III) led to multiple kinking processes and the highest fracture toughness of 0.80 ± 0.13 MPa√m and 0.84 ± 0.07 MPa√m. This is most likely due to the pronounced fracture anisotropy of GaAs single crystals and the comparably low resolved stresses on the {110} type cleavage planes, which demand higher critical loads for failure.

Nanoscale pore structure of Carboniferous coals from the Ukrainian Donets Basin: A combined HRTEM and gas sorption study

Various compositional, depositional and maturity related influencing factors affect the complex pore structure of coal. To study the pore structural evolution at nanoscale, a well characterized sample set of vitrinite-rich Carboniferous coals from the Ukrainian Donets Basin, covering a maturity interval from 0.69 to 1.47%Rr, was selected. Conventional bright field transmission electron microscopy (BF TEM) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) imaging was used to directly determine pore size distributions, pore morphology, geometry factors and other structural features, while gas invasion techniques such as low-pressure gas adsorption (CO2 and N2) were used for the investigation of micro- and mesopore structural parameters. High-pressure CH4 sorption experiments revealed changes in the methane storage capacity within the investigated maturity range, while associated structural changes of vitrinite were monitored by Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate pore occlusion in vitrinite mainly at peak oil window maturity, the sensibility of micro- and mesopore structure to thermal maturity and the importance of organic sulphur as a catalyst for kinetics of structural modification. Observed structural changes at 1.10%Rr were related to the onset of wet-gas generation.A structural control on micromechanical properties of vitrinite is indicated by the correlation between reduced elastic moduli from a previous study and average nanopore diameters obtained by HRTEM. The applied comprehensive approach improved the understanding of depositional and maturity-related processes that may affect pore evolution and resulting gas storage capacity of coals.

Dimensional analysis relationship of lateral migration rate based on river physical model

River meandering is a net outcome of erosion and deposition It initiates and develops width adjustment and planform evolution. Meandering process involves adjustment of the planimetric geometry and hydraulic factors. Many structures built within the vicinity of the river such as bridges, waterways/navigation and flood control contraptions are affected by river meandering and its distance. This research was carried out on a physical river channel model measuring 10m long, 2.4m wide and 1.8m deep located at Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam. Correlation analysis between the lateral migration rate, M and mean velocity, Umean to other variables. According to the physical consideration on lateral migration rate, M, there are three (3) major categories affecting channel bankline migration. There are hydraulic characteristics, water properties and soil properties, of which the latter is resistance to erosion. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to investigate the factors governing lateral migration rate for the development of an empirical model to predict lateral migration rate under the influence of non-migrating mid-bar.

Kajian Teknis Geometri Peledakan dan Powder Factor Terhadap Fragmentasi di PT Semen Padang Indarung

This research is studying about rock fragmentation from blasting result in Front Existing PT Semen Padang Sumatera Barat which shows that there are unmatch size of blasting fragmentation from its target appointed by PT Semen Padang. This research is also study about blasting geometry that represent in burden value dan powder factor which used in the process. The methods used are quantitative and qualitative, that are by studying blasting geometry and powder factor from field observation result and calculating blasting fragmentation size which generated by Software Split- Desktop V.2.0. Blasting fragmentation size analysis in Front Existing is done by applying 4 m burden value, average fragmentation result as much 27.74 cm, and with 4.5 m burden value result as much 30.34 cm, and then with 5 m burden value result as much 29.26 cm while the effect of powder factor against rock fragmentation size in the research obtained using powder factor value as much 0.34 kg/m3, average fragmentation result in 27.6 cm, and with 0.37 kg/m3 powder factor resulting average fragmentation in 32.29 cm, and then with 0.44 kg/m3, the average fragmentation result as much 53.83 cm. Blasting recommendation that can be applied by looking at the research result is that using 4 m burden value to get average fragmentation size as much 27.74 cm, and powder factor value that is usable as much 0.34 kg/m3 in order to get 27.6 cm average fragmentation size

A beetle antennae search improved BP neural network model for predicting multi-factor-based gas explosion pressures

A gas explosion in an underground structure may cause serious damage to the human body and ground buildings and may result in huge economic losses. The pressure of the gas explosion is an important parameter in determining its severity and designating an emergency plan. However, existing empirical and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods for pressure prediction are either inaccurate or inefficient when considering multiple influencing factors and their interrelationships. Therefore, for a more efficient and reliable prediction, the present study developed a multifactorial prediction model based on a beetle antennae search (BAS) algorithm improved back propagation (BP) neural network. A total of 317 sets of data which considered factors of geometry, gas, obstacle, vent, and ignition were collected from previous studies. The results showed that the established model can predict pressures accurately by low RMSE (43.4542 and 50.7176) and MAPE (3.9666% and 4.9605%) values and high R2 (0.7696 and 0.7388) values for training and testing datasets, respectively. Meanwhile, the BAS algorithm was applied to improve both the calculation efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed model by enabling a more intelligent hyperparameter tuning method. Furthermore, the permutation importance of input variables was investigated, and the length (L) and the ratio of length and diameter (L/D) of geometry were found to be the most critical factors that affect the explosion pressure level.

Numerical investigation on the effect of bluntness factor on scouring mechanism by using lenticular geometry piers

Local scour and flow field around cylinders with lenticular geometry and different bluntness factors under the clear-water state were investigated numerically. To examine the scouring, large eddy simulation with a WMLES-Omega sub-grid model incorporating the sediment transport and morphodynamic model was applied. Streamlined geometry of the pier significantly affected the scour pattern and flow field in the lenticular model with length to width ratio of 5 and bluntness factor of zero. In the mentioned case, a very small scoured region was estimated at the sides of the pier, so it can be concluded that scour depth and scoured region decreases as the length to width ratio increases. Investigation of the scouring process and the flow field revealed that, the flow separation can affect the scour mechanism more in comparison to down-flow.

An outlook on large-scale solar power production in Peninsular Malaysia for scenario year 2030

Traditional power generation mix lacks renewable energy (RE) sources to cover fast depletion of fossil fuel. Malaysia is picking up on solar energy with the aim of enhancing the national power generation mix by reducing the dependency on fossil fuel and thus mitigate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, integration of large amount of solar power may pose a challenge to power system planning and operation. This paper therefore, attempts to present an outlook on large-scale solar (LSS) in Peninsular Malaysia for scenario year 2030, with objective to serve a guideline for future power planning by adopting the optimum penetration of LSS. Firstly, total optimal potential areas (OPA) for LSS power production in Peninsular Malaysia are determined based on several important geometry factors. Next, its corresponding technical potentials include energy generation potential (EGP), installation capacity (IC) and annual carbon dioxide emission reduction (CO2 ER) are reported. Three hypothetical studies of solar penetration: 5%, 10% and 15% are demonstrated and subsequently compare with national electricity consumption forecast 2030. Peninsular Malaysia has enormous potential for LSS power production as reflected from total OPA of 10,092 km2. With only 10% of solar penetration (206,691 GWh/yr), it is sufficient to cover national energy demand, forecast to be 134,642 GWh/yr. This positive finding is very encouraging to reveal the significant potential of LSS in national energy mix. It will give a much-needed boost to the country RE sector and a robust growth is envisaged.