Literary Genre Research Articles

Sung, Drawn and Quartered: The Roman Ideogram of Bread – Part 1

When duplicated, the single icon of a monument, deity, or object, could recall entire narratives of divine intervention, great ancestral feats, and desirable ‘Roman’ attributes. The common, round, and quartered loaf of wheat-bread was produced and eaten by all echelons of Roman society. Despite the fundamentality of this segmented loaf to the daily life, industry, and economy of Rome, its imbuement with ideogrammic qualities of social balance and stability, have yet to be explored. Through select case studies of literary and archaeological evidence this paper will explore the allegorical nature of bread beyond dietetics in two parts: In Part 1 I provide case studies of bread use in different literary genres of ancient Poetry, Historiography, Satire, Biography and Prose, discussing the thematic tropes in which bread appears in Roman narratives. In Part 2 I investigate how these metaphoric characteristics and themes translated visually in the mosaics, frescos, graffiti, and monuments of public and private spaces. I conclude that the panis quadratus was more than an economic and accessible product, and became an ideogram of the social cohesion fundamental to Rome’s Empire; specifically, the circular connections between the natural, mortal and immortal worlds.

Lauda Sion as Doxological Compendium of St. Thomas’s Eucharistic Theology

AbstractIn 1264 in the town of Orvieto, St. Thomas Aquinas composed the Lauda Sion as the Mass sequence for Pope Urban IV’s new universal solemnity of the Body and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, the feast of Corpus Christi. The present paper will consider this text of St. Thomas’s liturgical sequence in relation to the eucharistic theology that he teaches in the Summa Theologiae. Just as, according to the Dionysian Aquinas, the Psalms contain all the doctrines revealed in the rest of scripture but transposed into the highest literary genre of praise, so the Lauda Sion contains all the essential eucharistic doctrines of the Summa Theologiae, now set in that same laudatory genre as the Psalter. The paper is divided into ten sections, corresponding to the questions in St. Thomas’s treatment of the Holy Eucharist in the Tertia Pars. Proceeding one topic at a time, this paper will show how the Lauda Sion serves as a doxological compendium of St. Thomas Aquinas’s whole eucharistic theology.

The subject of Kazakhstan in English minor genres of literary publicist

Relevance. The relevance of the study is that the subject of Kazakhstan can be traced in the history of minor literary genres through the prism of the relationship between English and Kazakh literature, which is most often manifested in the genres of ideological enlightenment and travel. English researchers have published numerous reference books and encyclopedias on the geography, anthropology, and ethnography of the peoples of Asia. The English works of the 19th century contain a large amount of information about the Kazakhs, who at that time lived in Germany, France, England, and other countries. One of the important sources of the subject of Kazakhstan is the corresponding essays and diaries presented in the journals of English literary critics. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to consider artistic materials that reflect the subject of Kazakhstan in English interpretation. Methodology. The methodological basis of the study consisted of the following approaches: historical, retrospective, and systemic. Results. Foreign travellers who visited the steppe lands often wrote travel notes and letters under the impressions, in which they characterised the spiritual, traditional, and everyday creativity of the peoples of those areas, introducing the inhabitants of Europe to the preserved way of life of a distant land located on the territory of the modern Republic of Kazakhstan. Since with the advancement of maritime and economic aspects, the activity in the discovery and development of unexplored countries for the purpose of trade has increased. English merchants of that time actively used the routes through Asia for expeditions, which further expanded trade relations. Kazakh-Anglo-American literary ties in the last century are one of the important facets of the spiritual culture of the people of Kazakhstan. Conclusions. The practical value lies in highlighting the main subjects and materials of the Kazakh people in English minor literary genres.

Georgette Heyer, history, and historical fiction

The review discusses a volume of scholarly articles edited by Samantha Rayner and Kim Wilkins that sets out to present a comprehensive body of research into the oeuvre of the English novelist Georgette Heyer. The book comprises several sections: gender, genre, sources, and circulation and reception. Heyer is the renowned founder of Regency romance, whose work is noted for exceptional attention to historical facts and reconstruction of the aristocratic slang of the period. Her novels, however, remained largely ignored by scholars. The volume’s editors succeed in producing an invaluable compilation enriching the studies of 1920s English genre literature by considering Heyer’s work in the context of post-war culture, with its heightened interest in the Napoleonic era, as well as in relation to literary tradition, especially Jane Austen’s works, but also referencing adventure novels of Heyer’s older contemporaries Baroness Orczy and Rafael Sabatini.

Argentinian Children's Literature and Independent Publishing Houses: Emerging Forms in the Re-editions of María Teresa Andruetto's Poems

This article addresses the relationship between children's literature and the ecosystem of independent publishing houses in Argentina. The first part of the article focuses on describing the editorial operations carried out by independent Argentinian publishers and, by virtue of the examination of their editorial practices, it is argued that their interventions (i.e., their re-editings of literary works) seek to introduce both textual and material innovations to Argentina's editorial landscape. It is also argued that the emergence of these editorial practices manages to resignify literary textualities and book materialities, as well as reading practices. The second half of the article offers an analysis of two works by María Teresa Andruetto that have been re-edited by independent presses in Argentina: Peras and Poesía a la carta. Both re-editions are analysed in view of their editorial kinship to their corresponding collections and catalogues. The analysis of these works (re-edited in picturebook and playbook formats, respectively) illuminates and acknowledges the existence of editorial gestures that, in their mediations/modulations of the canon, strive to challenge age boundaries and intended readerships, as well as conventions on literary genres and their materialities. Ultimately, these features profile the re-editions of Peras and Poesía a la carta as disruptive literary artefacts, insofar as they manage to challenge aesthetic and editorial orthodoxies.

Motivasi, Humanisme, dan Transendensi dalam Sekumpulan Puisi Felix Mencuci Piring Karya Tengsoe Tjahjono

This research aims to describe the poems contained in the collection of poems Felix Mencuci Piring by Tengsoe Tjahjono. Literary reception is a literary genre that examines literary texts by considering the reader as the person giving the welcome or response. Readers in giving remarks and responses are influenced by factors of space, time and social group. The data collection technique in this research uses library or document techniques. The results of this research show that in a collection of poems, Felix Mencuci Piring is a poem that is full of motivation, humanization and transcendence. The poems in the book awaken the reader's self-awareness to always be careful, caring, and aware of God presence in every aspect of life.

Analysis of Saidis Ghazals Written in Aruz

Abstract: This article is devoted to the analysis of the ghazals of Nizomiddin Zakirov, a writer from Samarkand, who lived in the era of the former Soviet regime and, despite his young age, created in the zsxcz ;;style of traditional Uzbek classical literature.In the 1950s and 1960s of the Shura era, he was engaged in artistic creation along with leadership activities, wrote beautiful poems and ghazals under the pseudonym Saidi. At a time when the study and promotion of national literature and national values were severely suppressed, Saidi, despite being young, deeply studied traditional Uzbek classical poetry and tried to write ghazals like his teachers. In this way, he was greatly influenced by the family environment where he was born and brought up and the work of representatives of the literary environment of Kattakurgan, which has long been considered one of the centers of creativity and enlightenment.In many of his ghazals, he tried to reinterpret traditional metaphors and achieve originality. Saidi’s works are important because they are sources that show the continuation and development of classical genres in Uzbek literature during the years of the Shura period.

Edgar Allan Poe’s The Fall of the House of Usher: Thoughts on an Architecture of Terror

The present study is part of a research field that lies at the intersection of architecture and narratology. It is our, the authors’, shared belief that spatial metaphor in the textual realm plays a significant role in the construction of meaning. In certain literary works, the spatial background of the story is designed with great care, functioning as a dynamic matrix that organizes the plot, adding to or emphasizing the meaning of the narrative. This practice, which we refer to as textual architecture, could be extremely valuable to architects because it offers up a treasure-trove of design methods able to generate meaning through space. The present study offers a way of understanding such spatiality in the context of architectural epistemology. It does so by contemplating the literature in which textual space is delineated. The outcome of this process is an original method of mapping textual architecture based on what we describe as spatial figures. We chose to apply this method to highlight an interesting narrative strategy within the literary genre of horror. We believe that certain writers have used space not to create an atmosphere of terror but to generate terror itself. The products of such endeavours form part of a genealogy that sees textual architecture as a means of generating a feeling of terror. We term this genealogy the architecture of terror. The present study also aims to highlight what we regard as a seminal point in the development of the above-mentioned strategy - the publication in 1839 of Edgar Allan Poe’s short story The Fall of the House of Usher. We examine the spatial figures of this work and their semantic function.

QUE LEE CRISTINA RIVERA GARZA Y QUIEN LA LEE: EL INTERTEXTO EN LAS AULAS

This article addresses the work of Cristina Rivera Garza (Matamoros, Tamaulipas, 1964) regarding the intertext (Mendoza) that it is possible to work in Primary and Secondary classrooms. We focus on poetry because most of the research on it ignores it in favor of narrative. For this reason, we consider it essential to vindicate the literary genre that allows us to learn in the classroom from the references that influence the author of La muerte me da (2007) and El disco de Newton (2011). We will start from such books to observe the readings that consolidate her writing and, at the same time, the imprint they exert on recent promotions (Higashi) in Mexico, such as Sara Uribe or Verónica Gerber; or in Spain, María Ángeles Pérez López.

Responding To Drama: The Efl Students’ Reader-Response Literary Analysis

This article presents the EFL students' reader-response literary analysis of an English drama. The study aims to investigate the EFL students' engagement in reading drama as one of the literary genres and the way they make a Reader-Response literary analysis of the drama. The writer carried out the present research by analyzing the students' reflective essays in which they respond to an English drama entitled "The Other Player" written by Owen G. Arno. The study consists of 9 student participants enrolling in the Introduction to Literature subject at an English Education Program of one private university in West Java. Introduction to Literature subject was taught to English as a Foreign Language students in the university and is a subject that introduced the students to literature and literary works and led the students to evaluate, describe, and analyze literary works. In responding the given drama, the students were asked several questions. Then, the students answered the questions based on their interpretation and understanding. The study revealed several findings. The findings of the first part revealed that the students showed active engagement in the reading of drama because they were able to tell their enjoyment of the story, make a relation between the story and the other's life experiences, and make judgments and arguments about the things happened in the story. The finding of the second part revealed that the student participants were able to actualize themselves upon the drama they were reading and put it into the reflective essays or reflections.

Reflecting on the Human Condition Through Ahmad Mahmoud's Narratives: An Exploration of Social Sufferings

The domain of fictional literature is a pivotal and impactful realm within the literary landscape. Scholars note that the inception of the modern Iranian narrative began in 1930 with the works of Sadegh Hedayat, marking the evolution of storytelling into a fundamental literary genre that garnered significant prominence. Despite the extensive literature on Mahmoud, focused and explicit discourse on how his narratives mirror societal suffering has been lacking. This study aims to explore the depiction of societal anguish and hardships as portrayed by Mahmoud, offering a comprehensive and novel analysis. It scrutinizes the multifaceted sufferings of the "contemporary human" as depicted in Mahmoud's literature, dissecting themes such as social and political dilemmas, encompassing superstitions, the plight of women, poverty, addiction, imprisonment, exile, colonialism, and warfare. The findings reveal that misguided beliefs and a lack of faith contribute to the prevalence of superstitions, while the agonies of imprisonment and exile are depicted as perpetual. Mahmoud's works profoundly reflect and articulate the impacts of poverty and addiction. Although the tribulations of women are less highlighted, they are more profoundly explored in the context of maternal hardship. Moreover, colonialism and warfare are depicted in a comprehensive and detailed manner in Ahmad Mahmoud's narratives.

The Iraqi EFL Learners' Awareness of the Role of Reading Literature in their Creative Writing

This study examines the extent of awareness among Iraqi English foreign language learners about the potential impact of reading literature on developing their creative writing abilities. Furthermore, this study investigates the relationship between those who partake in literature reading and their academic skills. It examines the participation of 120 Iraqi EFL learners currently enrolled in the faculties of Arts, Education, and Education in Qurna, affiliated with the University of Basrah. It employs a mixed methods approach, including a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The results demonstrate a significant correlation between reading literary texts and developing creative writing skills. Several literary elements enhance creative writing, including a comprehensive understanding of figures of speech, cultivating critical thinking skills, engaging in literature courses, practicing paraphrasing poetry, and exposure to various literary genres. The findings also demonstrate that EFL learners profoundly understand the impact of engaging with literary texts on their academic abilities.

Mindscapes of Mystery: Comparative Approaches in the Works of Arthur Conan Doyle and Agatha Christie

Mystery fiction, also known as detective fiction or crime fiction, is a literary genre that revolves around solving a puzzle or mystery often related to the criminal events. It typically features a central mystery, such as murder, theft, or other mysterious circumstances, that serves as the driving force of the narrative. This research delves into the comparative approaches adopted by two celebrated mystery writers, Arthur Conan Doyle and Agatha Christie, in their literary works. With a specific focus on their iconic detectives, Sherlock Holmes and Miss Marple, respectively, the study thoroughly analyzes various aspects of their storytelling techniques. By closely examining their works, the research sheds light on the distinct writing styles, plot structures, characterizations, and thematic elements employed by each author. This exploration provides valuable insights into the individual contributions of Doyle and Christie to the mystery fiction genre. Furthermore, the study explores the influence of historical context on the development of their characters and intricately woven mysteries. It unravels how societal and cultural factors impacted their narratives, adding depth to the characters and their adventures. The findings of this comparative analysis not only offer a deeper appreciation of the enduring appeal of Holmes and Miss Marple as fictional detectives but also demonstrate the broader impact of Doyle and Christie on the landscape of detective literature.

Girl Victim-Images: An Iconographical Analysis of Buchi Emecheta’s The Bride Price

This study aims to analyse girl victim-images through figures in Buchi Emecheta’s The Bride Price. This work is carried out through the application of Erwin Panofsky’s iconography analysis that involves three levels which are the pre-iconographical description, the iconographical analysis, and the iconological interpretation. This research paper evaluates the field of the novel as a literary genre especially the theme and character through figures in the production of The Bride Price. The result has shown that Buchi Emecheta instils the Ibo tradition and, by extension, African traditional treatments and handling of a girl. The girl endures humiliation, oppression, domination, gender discrimination, and tragic death after her father's death. She is forced to accept the husband that his people choose for her, and the bride price must be paid. When it is not paid, the girl never survives after the birth of her first child. She suffers from numerable atrocities in the hands of a man who is the father's relative. Despite the suffering that the girl endures, the symbolic nature of the figures' elements, such as the sun and the branches, sends the message of resilience, hope, and positivity.

Topic modelling literary interviews from The Paris Review

Abstract The interview has always proved to be a rich source for those hoping to better understand the figures behind a text, as well as any social contexts and writing practices which might have informed their aesthetic sentiments. Over the past two decades, research into the literary interview has made significant strides, both in terms of how this literary genre is conceptualized and how its emergence and development has been historically traced, the form remains somewhat neglected by literary and cultural theorists and scholars. There is also a remarkable absence of distant readings in this domain. With the rise of the digital humanities, particularly digital literary studies, one would expect more scholars to have used computer-assisted techniques to mine literary interviews, which are, in terms of dataset practicalities, somewhat ideal, semi-structured by nature, and typically available online. Such is the question to which this article attends, taking as its dataset seven decades’ worth of literary interviews from The Paris Review, and ‘topic modelling’ these documents to determine the key themes that dominate such a culturally significant set of materials while also exploring the value of topic modelling to socio-literary criticism.

Romanticism as an Expression of Rebel Ideas in Literature

The best manifestation of rebel romanticist poetry is in the works of Byron in England, H. Heine – in Germany, J. Leopard – in Italy, N. Baratashvili – in Georgia, A. Mickie-wicz – in Poland. However, the socio-political situation of the country somewhat de-fined the nature of romanticism. The rebellious Romanticists put the following issues on the agenda: criticism of the bourgeois order, aspiration from singularity to gen-eral, thus they confronted rationalism, the attitude to ideal and reality, development of new literary genres, collecting, processing and publication of literary and folklore works. As a science the history of the world literature was founded, which is derived from Goethe. Although Goethe called romantic sick, and classical – healthy, in doing so, he literally acknowledged that common trends could be reflected in the literary processes of other peoples independently or influenced by those who have common values and gave impetus to development of the issues of globalization and cultural integration. The fusion of personal, national and universal has led to revolutionary shifts in the literary world. However, the French critic F. Brunetiere calls this an evolutionary method in literature (“The Evolution of lyric poetry in France in the XIX century”). The question is how to review Romanticism, as an expression of rebel ideas or as an evolutionary process. We think that Romanticism in its essence includes both, because the society that lacks a sense of protest cannot develop and cannot create values.

Modelling the Archipelago: Corfu as a Case Study for a Digital Edition of Cristoforo Buondelmonti's Liber Insularum.

The Liber Insularum by Cristoforo Buondelmonti can be considered the first guide to the Greek islands, each of them described by a textual paragraph and illustrated by color maps, in a format which gave rise to the new literary genre of Isolaria." Mapping the Aegean: Cristoforo Buondelmonti's Liber Insularum" is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie project aimed at the study of this book. This paper illustrates the application of Cadmus, a structured content management tool, to the creation of a digital edition of the Liber and to do this, we focus on the text and map of Corfu as a case study. After a historical introduction on the author and his work and the presentation of the project, we explain why we chose to use this tool and its main characteristics, and we offer a concrete example of its application to the material pertaining to the description of Corfu by showing its frontend output.

Malay Folklore: Embedded Pak Pandir Folklore through Contemporary Illustration and Fashion Product

Folklore is a literary genre that is popular in society. These stories have been transmitted orally and in writing from traditional to modern generations. Nowadays, most of them have been forgotten due to the influence of contemporary technology. This study was conducted to re-introduce the character of folk tales in a contemporary version. This research is taking the main character of the Malay folklore, Pak Pandir. This project aimed to use expressiveness to increase awareness of Malaysian traditional art and Pak Pandir's character in fashion design. Furthermore, eventually, it would reach its goal to introduce Folklore to millennial generation.

Pregled sodobne slovenske mladinske proze

A significant development of some literary text types and genres (such as the contemporary fairytale, fantasy narrative, tale, youth novel) can be observed when researching contemporary Slovene youth prose. What can also be noted is the employment of contemporary themes and motifs, a detailed portrayal of literary characters, and, with most writers, also an exceptional sense for language. The article presents a selection of authors and their works, written during the last decade with some earlier exceptions, if they had made a significant impact on the development of Slovene youth prose. The works were selected according to their quality, interesting literary type, and topical themes and motifs. Also foregrounded in the opus of individual authors are those youth prose works, which particularly signify the authors and aid in their detailed presentation.

Slovenska baročna pridiga

The article discusses the Baroque sermon as a special literary genre that belongs to so-called nonfiction literature. It is limited to the three main authors who managed to publish their texts in printed form at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century. These are the Capuchin preachers Janez Svetokriški and Rogerij Ljubljanski, and the Jesuit Jernej Basar. Of these, the most important is certainly Svetokriški. Slovenian literary history has recognised the literary qualities in his Sveti priročnik, especially where it uses distinctly narrative elements (exempla, fables, short humorous texts). In content and style, the sermons of Roger of Ljubljana (Palmarium Empyreum) are similar, except that they contain less humour and fewer references to the contemporary social context. Among Roger’s literary virtues is a sense of poetic language, as evidenced by his translations of Latin poems embedded in his sermons. The work of Jernej Basar (Conciones) represents a new type of ascetic-meditative sermon in the Slovenian language. This work, too, contains some typically Baroque elements, such as the theme of vanitas mundi, although in part it already approaches the classicist type of sermon, perhaps influenced by Paolo Segneri.