Literary Genre Research Articles

Meningkatkan Pemahaman Puisi pada Siswa Kelas IV SD: Sebuah Studi Eksperimental tentang Metode SQ4R dengan Dukungan E-Book

Low comprehension of poetry texts among students is a significant educational challenge. It is characterized by difficulties in interpreting content and answering related questions. Monotonous teaching methods that fail to engage students or provide opportunities for deep exploration of poetic texts often cause this issue. If left unaddressed, this problem can hinder learning goals. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Reflect, Review (SQ4R) method, assisted by e-book media, on improving poetry text comprehension in fourth-grade students. A quantitative, pre-experimental approach using a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design was employed. The entire population of 30 fourth-grade students was sampled through saturated sampling. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests and analyzed using a paired-samples t-test. The results showed a significant improvement in poetry comprehension, supporting the alternative hypothesis. The N-Gain analysis revealed a moderate level of improvement. Despite the modest gain, these findings suggest that the SQ4R method, when combined with e-book media, can significantly enhance students' poetry comprehension skills. This approach offers a more engaging and effective learning strategy compared to traditional methods. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of this method and its applicability across different age groups and literary genres. These results provide valuable insights for educators looking to diversify their teaching methods in reading comprehension instruction.

Читательские практики студентов гуманитарного вуза

The need to study student reading practices in the information society is due to a number of new phenomena of socio-cultural life. The structure and content of the reading has a significant impact on the professional and spiritual development of modern humanities students. The purpose of the study is to assess the level of influence of the structure and content of reading on the professional and spiritual development of modern students in the process of their education at a regional humanitarian university. The survey of students in grades 1–5 was carried out in the “Google Forms” environment, data processing using SPSS. Frequency analysis method and regression analysis were used in this work. As a result of regression analysis, analytical dependences of changes in the main characteristics of reading practices during the entire period of study in the real educational environment of a regional humanitarian university were obtained. The most popular in the student environment literary genres, attitudes to reading both fiction and professional literature, as well as models of the dynamics of reading practices of students, which form the basis for the development of social technologies to manage the reading process.

Printed Riddles in Early Modern Italy: Traditional Perspectives and New Approaches

The purpose of the article is to draw attention to Italian riddles of the Renaissance. This publishing and literary genre has been studied especially from ethnological or literary perspectives. What is completely lacking, however, are studies that deal with how this literature was produced, how it circulated and who printed it. These perspectives are highly relevant: they make us realise that such texts were not only produced by the likes of Cervantes, Bembo or Shakespeare, but that riddles were often written, performed and printed by men who are now forgotten, sometimes not fully literate and often not from elites. The intention here is to place these writings in a methodological and historiographical framework that may lead to more in-depth study in the future.

Metaphysical Conceit Analyses Of Selected Poems By John Donne’s

Metaphysical is a literary genre that combines philosophical ideas with emotional depth and deep analyses of nature. One of the famous authors in this genre is John Donne, who is known for his profound themes, distinctive style, and skillful use of conceit in his poetry. This paper aims to explore the influence of John Donne's work on metaphysical poetry and assess the contribution and striking elements of metaphysics in his selected poems by examining Donne's use of conceit. The research aims to examine how John Donne influenced the poetry of metaphysics and explore the assessment of his literary endeavors as well as metaphysical elements. The research has uncovered new perspectives from a metaphysical standpoint on religion, the universe, love, and death.

Cultural omnivorousness in Ukraine: Examining relationships with social indicators via literary preferences among readers

The ability to accumulate extensive tastes, which is known as cultural omnivorousness, can play a significant role in social stratification and marking social groups. The omnivore argument posits that higher-status cultural tastes tend to be broad and diverse (omnivore). In contrast, lower-status cultural tastes are limited and exclusive (univore). This study investigates cultural omnivorousness in Ukraine by (1) examining latent classes of audiences and (2) exploring the relationship between cultural omnivorousness and positions in the social structure, considering educational attainment, financial situation, age, gender and type of settlement. Relying on the data from the survey ‘Reading in the context of media consumption and life construction’ conducted in 2020, this study focuses on the breadth/volume of behavioral preferences in literary genres among readers in Ukraine (N = 1302). The latent class analysis presents evidence of the distinctiveness of the omnivore class. Subsequent regression analysis shows a strong positive association between high education and omnivorous taste, whereas the financial situation bears no significant direct effect. Regression coefficients for socio-demographic variables indicate a more omnivorous taste amongst women and residents of big cities. The study concludes by discussing potential limitations and further perspectives for investigating the relationships between cultural omnivorousness and social stratification.

A. N. Radishchev as an "archaist and innovator": linguopoetic and linguostylistic features of the great book (to the 275th anniversary of the birth)

The article considers the most important linguopoetic and linguostylistic characteristics of A. N. Radishchev’s "A Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow". The research also focuses on the precedent phenomena in the text of the book, its connections with the European artistic tradition, and influence on the Russian literary language evolution, as well as on particular genres of Russian literature. The text is examined against the background of the dominant literary canons of sentimentalism at the time of its writing; the author creatively mastered some of these canons. Radishchev developed his individual style which synthesised three main linguistic elements: emotional-sensual, civic rhetorical, and common colloquial. Each of them is characterised by a certain set of linguistic means that are compositionally anchored in the text. The figurative devices of classicistic poetics, tropeic expressiveness, refined linguistic expressions borrowed from Western literature, and vocabulary new for the late 18th century form the compositional parts characteristic of the journey as a distinct literary genre. A. N. Radishchev uses Slavicisms, archaic morphological forms and obsolete syntactic constructions, neologisms based on Church Slavonic patterns to create high civic pathos and embody freedom-loving ideas. Low colloquial speech, folk phraseology, folklore inserts, aphorisms, and mixtures of styles shape the author’s narrative fragments and reflections related to specific life situations.

The Theme and the Form: Three Querelles in al-Ǧāḥiẓ’s Dispute over Girls and Boys

Abstract The literary dispute over the respective merits of girls and boys as objects of desire, well known in ancient traditions, appears in Arabic literature from the 9th century onwards. Al-Ǧāḥiẓ’s Mufāḫarat al-ǧawārī wa-l-ġilmān (Boasting Match over Maids and Youths) is, at the earliest extant, the first text in prose dealing with this issue, and it opened the floor for several later works. The author addresses this theme by means of the literary genre of the debate, in Arabic mufāḫara, in which the lover of girls (ṣāḥib al-ǧawārī) and the lover of boys (ṣāḥib al-ġilmān) present their arguments. In addition to the main debate, two other disputes occur in the text: one between the ancient poets (al-qudamāʾ) and the moderns (al-muḥdaṯūn), and the other between Basra and Kufa. The former is one of the main debates of the Abbasid literary criticism, and the latter is another literary topos in the early Abbasid period. We could even understand the Mufāḫara, therefore, as structured through not one but three mufāḫarāt. The aim of this contribution is to highlight the importance of the “form” of the text – namely the literary dispute – by analyzing how the three debates interact within the text. I therefore argue that, although the theme addressed in the essay remains of a great interest today, the aim of the text is not only to discuss erotic practices but also to teach the reader a lesson of dialectic.

Stereotipuri legate de rromi în literatura și în societatea română

This article investigates the presence, evolution and influence of stereotypes and prejudices in Romanian literature. Starting from their historical and cultural roots, the study analyses how these concepts are reflected and challenged in literary works. It explores their impact on literary genres, characters and societal evolution, with a focus on the political and social context. The paper reveals how stereotypes and prejudices have shaped the critical and public reception of works and examines how contemporary literature addresses and redefines these concepts. This study makes a significant contribution to understanding the interaction between literature, society and cultural identity in the Romanian context.

CLASSIFICATION OF THE LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL TYPE "WRITER"

The article attempts to classify writers the linguistic and cultural type of writer. The relevance of the study of the linguistic and cultural type of writer is determined by the signifi cance of writers in the development of the culture of a particular people, as well as the world cultural heritage in general. Based on the modeling of linguistic and cultural types, an analysis of the components of the type presented for research is carried out. The con-ceptual component is represented by the study of dictionary entries, as well as the defi nition of lexemes included in the semantic field of the criterion. The fi gurative and associative features inherent in writers are considered. The axiological side of the linguistic and cultural type of writer is represented by the value guidelines of the writer’s creative activity. Writing activity is a subject-object relationship, where the subject is the author of the work, and the object is the result of his creativity. Also included in this scheme is the reader, who, depending on the position of consideration, can be both an object and a subject. Thus, we have identifi ed two categories of criteria: subjective and objective. The subjective components of the linguistic and cultural type of writer include the following criteria: talent, fame, signifi cance, professionalism. The category of object components of the linguistic and cultural type of a writer includes two criteria: the type and genre of literature, as well as the author’s target audience. The criteria "talent", "fame" and “professionalism” are presented in the form of dichotomies, that is, components that are mutu-ally exclusive. A dichotomous approach to classifying the components of the linguistic and cultural type of writer expands the concept of writer and also allows us to clarify its defi nition. As a result of the study, it was revealed that, regarding the volume of components of the object category of criteria, two components are distinguished — gift and glory. The completeness and complexity of the criteria allow us to draw a conclusion about the importance of the “fame” component for American linguistic culture. In addition, this allows us to make an assumption about the uni-versal nature of the "gift" criterion as characteristic of the linguistic and cultural type of writer in diff erent cultures.

Monterroso y Montesol “en el umbral”: figuras de autor en La letra e y Los detectives salvajes

"This article analyzes the figure of the author in two moments: the first based on the self-representation of the author by Augusto Monterroso in La letra e (fragmentos de un diario) (1987); the second proposes a revision of its fictionalized figure in Roberto Bolaño’s Los detectives salvajes (1998). For the analysis of La letra e, Julio Premat’s concept of self-figuration is relevant; for the chilean writer’s novel, I resort to the concept of fictionalization as an artistic procedure in the context of a poetics in which various discursive and literary genres (diary, autobiography, autofiction) intersect. In accordance with the above, the figure of the author is analyzed twice: in its self-referential forms in La letra e and in its parodic, satirical and homage form in Los detectives salvajes.Keywords: Augusto Monterroso; Roberto Bolaño; Hispanoamerican narrative; diary; fictionalization"

Augusto Monterroso en la UNAM

This article is an investigation, based on the historical and labor archives of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (unam), of Augusto Monterro-so’s professional career at that institution. Monterroso joined unam in the 1950s as a proofreader. This job gave him the economic stability to develop a literary work of great formal experimentation, that practiced with literary genres of little popularity and diffusion at the time (minifiction, short stories, essays). His literary capital and his friendship with key figures such as Rubén Bonifaz Nuño helped him to join the Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, as a professor of a writing workshop, and the Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, as a researcher. The University provided Monterroso with: 1- the necessary economic stability to keep his distance from literary fashions and follow an aesthetic of formal complexity; 2- an active relationship as editor and corrector of classical works and the Western canon, which were the foundation of his poetics, and 3- the tools of literary criticism necessary for the writing of a playful literary essay with marked intertextual features. Keywords:archives; formal experimentation; academy; biography; Mexican literature

La escritura cómico-seria de Augusto Monterroso

"This essay starts with the study of previous criticisms to make a new proposal for reading the novel Lo demás es silencio by Augusto Monterroso and this search is oriented towards the reestablishment of its links with the ancient tradition of comic-serious or humorous literature, in particular with Menippean satire. Laughter is the axis around which the poetics of the text is built, but I try to see its main features, parodies, ironies, games, satires in the novelistic whole and always in relation to the problem of the literary genre (the composition of a novel based on multiple genres that it incorporates), the struggle between orality-writing, high culture-popular culture, the deep critical sense that beats and the significance of the reflection on the intellectual and academic exercise that the work elaborates.Keywords: Poetics; laughter; menippea; parodies; genre"

The robinsonnade: a "pre-text" for reading and writing about nature in elementary school

Literature not only contributes to the formation of a literary culture, but also to the construction of the reader’s personality and the expression of his or her sensibility. While nature has always been strongly represented in children’s books, ecological concerns are now finding their way into the most recent works aimed at this readership. The robinsonnade genre, born of countless rewritings of Daniel Defoe’s novel Robinson Crusoe, is undoubtedly the literary genre that offers the most direct way of seeing and thinking about nature. This contribution explores the robinsonnades and their power to evoke the living. Works are read in class by pupils at the end of elementary school in order to produce texts. The aim is to describe nature, but also to initiate reflection on the relationship between human beings and their environment.

ONLINE PSEUDONYMS OF UKRAINIAN FANFICTION AUTHORS

The article is devoted to a systematic study of the online pseudonyms used by authors of a new genre of popular culture ‒ fan literature (fanfiction). A review of the scientific literature on the topic reveals that the system of virtual pseudonymy is increasingly attracting the attention of linguists. However, its theoretical understanding remains a controversial issue in both Ukrainian and foreign linguistic circles. Based on a pragmatic-communicative analysis, the article establishes an irrefutable connection between network pseudonyms and the personal identity of their bearers. It has been found that the network autonyms of fan literature creators are primarily intended to ensure a person’s membership in a virtual community by enabling registration on a web resource. They also express various components of the author’s individual identity: they mark a person as an amateur artist, express their attitude toward the virtual community and their vision of their place in it, and emphasize certain personal characteristics. In terms of the principles of creation, the studied proper names largely coincide with traditional artistic pseudonyms while also revealing specific features related to the increased attention to the visual form of the name, its length, and the choice of nominal models. This is due to the established traditions and existing technical limitations in the virtual environment. The theoretical substantiation of the phenomenon of online pseudonymity is supplemented by a description of the linguistic features of the online pseudonyms used by fanfic authors. Since the practical study of Internet pseudonyms is characterized by a multiplicity of analytical approaches, an attempt is made to systematically describe the analyzed group of self-names based on the following criteria: motivation, method of creation, features of structure, and semantics. It is shown that the nominative trends in the analyzed community, although largely based on traditional anthroponymic formulas, tend to maximize the formal, grammatical, and semantic differentiation of the constituent bases. This indicates that the authors are revealing their creative potential, and their pseudonyms testify to the heterogeneity of the cultural community. The network pseudonyms of users in the Ukrainian-language segment of the Internet form a diverse and dynamic system, which highlights its prospects for further research.

The metaphoric perception in language and literature

The research is titled (The metaphoric perception in language and literature "Sherko Bekas's "Darbandi papula" as an example), which is a literary linguistic research. In the research, several rank forms were presented, and Sherko Bekas has marked the rank of forms by using a set of forms and giving a meaningful sign of his feelings. It is an attempt to identify and present the process of presenting hidden images of a lexical form, more commonly known as metaphor in linguistics, which mark linguistic metaphors and replace morphological form. According to the semantic theory of composition, these metaphors are expressed as a major sign, so language can be considered as a common tool of language science and literature genre, especially the research has focused on the language used in poetry, in this way The creation and analysis of metaphors is involved in both semantic and pragmatic aspects, if it is not easy to understand the metaphor.

A RETROSPECTIVE OF PILGRIMAGE LITERATURE AS A COMMUNICATION GUIDE TO THE WORLD OF SACRED CULTURE

The purpose of the article is to examine the pilgrimage genre in literature as a social and communication guide in the world of contemporary sacred culture from a communication perspective. Different types of guidebooks are considered, i.e., interviews, travelogues, diaries, records, review texts, memoirs, notes, and pilgrimage travel notes are given as a necessary communication tool during a pilgrimage. The research methodology consists of descriptive (using observation and interpretation techniques), historical and literary, and biographical methods of analyzing pilgrimage literature. The author used the analytical-descriptive method, which consists in the selection, description and analysis of data; the system-structural method helped to arrange the works of different genres and apply them according to the subject in chronological order, reproducing the logical sequence of the material presented. The scientific novelty of the article involves expanding the concept of pilgrimage and the pilgrimage genre in literature as a social and communication guide to the world of contemporary sacred culture based on pilgrimage guides, diaries, memoirs, pilgrimage notes, and other sacred literature. Conclusions. In the article, the author examines the multi-genre works of pilgrimage literature as a communication guide to the sacred world in order to encourage the transformation from a book or a movie to a real pilgrimage for those who have such an opportunity. The article analyzes pilgrimage records, guidebooks, diaries, travelogues, novels, novellas, short stories, and pilgrimage notes to study pilgrimage from a communication perspective for different categories of pilgrims. As a rule, various categories of pilgrims and representatives of different professions go on sacred journeys, and then they write memoirs, pilgrimage texts, songs, scripts for future plays and films, and artists reproduce all details in artworks, and thus pilgrimage penetrates all spheres of an individual’s cultural life, which indicates the highly spiritual component of such journeys. Before going on a pilgrimage, you need to prepare thoroughly, both physically and spiritually, so that guides allow you to follow the trail of others and then plan your sacred journey relatively well. You will never return from a pilgrimage the same as you were before because such travels utterly change the vector of your life. Observing different groups of pilgrims, we can conclude that they all have one thing in common: spiritual enrichment, purification from sins and temptations, and the achievement of catharsis, which will be present in the everyday life of each of us for as long as possible. These works can keep living in ideas for film scripts about pilgrimage, thus expanding their socio-cultural horizons.

Thinking About (and With) the Prioress’s Tale: From Medieval Alterity to Modern Hate Narrative

ABSTRACT Through a retrospective on teaching an upper-level Chaucer course in 2018, the author identifies the Prioress’s Tale as what she terms “hate narrative,” a literary genre with distinct conventions that persists to our own day and has been deployed against marginalized groups, including racial, ethnic, and sexual minorities, refugees, and immigrants.

MODERN FRENCH AND AZERBAİJANİ POETRY AT THE LEVEL OF COMPARATİVİSTİCS

In the article, the stages of development of Azerbaijani poetry from the 19th century to the 20th–21st centuries, which were accompanied by fundamental changes, were reviewed. It has been noted that the wars that took place at the beginning of the 20th century and the strict rules and regulations applied by the Soviet regime had an undeniable influence on our literature. It was at that time, during the years of Repression, prominent representatives of Azerbaijani poetry were subjected to political oppression and persecution, exiled and shot. The names of the poets who played a special role in the development of Azerbaijani poetic thought during the Soviet period were mentioned, and at the same time, the genre and form innovations they brought to our poetry were shown. Starting from the 60s, poets and writers began to deepen their view of man and his spiritual world. This movement, which began in literature for the sake of freedom of speech and thought, political thought, pluralism, national independence, and social justice, was continued in the 70s and 90s, and finally achieved its prospective goals with the acquisition of political sovereignty and state independence of Azerbaijan. The trend of critical realism that prevailed in Azerbaijani poetry in the 19th century was replaced by socialism- realism in the 20th century. The names of the leading representatives of this current have been mentioned. The article compares the similarities and differences of both French and Azerbaijani poetry of the 20th century in terms of literary trends, form, content, and genre, citing the names of poets and showing examples. In particular, the poems of the French surrealist poet Jacques Préver are compared to the poems of Rasul Rza and Huseyn Javid and Adil Mirseyid. The article also examines the form and content of the newest poets distinguished by their innovation in 21st century Azerbaijani poetry.

Perbandingan Tema dan Gaya Dalam Syair Melayu Riau dan Syair Melayu Lainnya

Poetry is one of the old literary genres that developed in the archipelago, including in the Malay region of Riau. This study aims to analyze and compare the themes and writing styles contained in Riau Malay poems with Malay poems from other regions. Using a content analysis approach, this study examines a number of Riau Malay poetry and Malay poetry from other regions to explore the themes raised and the writing style used. The results of the study show that Riau Malay poetry and other Malay poetry have similarities in raising certain themes such as advice, heroic stories, and love. However, there are differences in the emphasis on themes and the use of language styles. Riau Malay poetry tends to emphasize more on the aspect of Islamic advice and values, while other Malay poetry explores more themes of love and heroism. In terms of writing style, Riau Malay poems tend to use a simpler and more understandable language, while other Malay poems often use a more poetic and metaphorical language style. This research contributes to enriching the understanding of the richness of the archipelago's old literary treasures, especially Malay poetry, as well as the differences and uniqueness of poems from various regions.

Teaching Poetry: What is Taught and What Should be Taught? Case Study of Secondary Schools Offering Literature in English at the Advanced Level in Rwanda

Teaching poetry as a literary genre has been a research topic of interest worldwide. However, the gap is observed in teaching poetry in secondary schools in Rwanda, where students are not given the quantity and quality of knowledge and skills they deserve. This descriptive study investigated poetry teaching practices and examined whether teachers are teaching what they should be teaching to equip students with critical thinking, analysis, and language skills. Adopting the descriptive research design and the mixed method approach, the study is built around three objectives: to explore how poetry is taught to students doing literature in English at the advanced level of secondary schools; to investigate the aspects of poetry that are often taught and those that are not; and to assess the challenges that teachers of literature in English face while teaching poetry. The study is guided by New Criticism Theory, Multimodality Approach, and Reader Response Theory. It used both quantitative and qualitative methods. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data from 22 teachers of literature in English selected purposefully from 16 schools that offer literature in English as a main subject at the Advanced Level. The study findings revealed that students are highly at risk as teachers of this subject exhibited poor competence in teaching and analysing poetry. Besides, some teachers don’t give poetry a focus, and others don’t teach it at all. The issue becomes more acute when one considers the general lack of adequate resources. The study recommends the University of Rwanda, the College of Education, REB, and their partners set policies for increasing teachers’ competences in the field of literature in general and teaching poetry in particular. Individual teachers of literature in English should feel confident while handling poetry as a literary genre. If an issue arises, instead of simply leaving out the topic, let them consult their colleagues in the nearby schools for a common understanding.