Generalized Lyapunov Function Research Articles

General Lyapunov Functions for Consensus of Nonlinear Multiagent Systems

In this brief, we investigate the consensus problem of nonlinear multiagent systems by means of general Lyapunov functions. That is, by constructing general Lyapunov functions, such as polynomial Lyapunov functions beyond quadratic forms, a sufficient condition is established for achieving global consensus. Compared with the existing consensus criteria deduced by quadratic Lyapunov functions, our consensus criterion is less conservative and can be applicable for more systems. In particular, for polynomial systems and even certain classes of nonpolynomial systems, our consensus criterion can be formulated based on polynomial Lyapunov functions, which can be calculated by using the sum-of-squares (SOS) programming tools such as SOSTOOLS. Finally, two simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed theoretical results.

Stability Analysis and Control Design of Discrete-Time Switched Affine Systems

This technical note focuses on stability analysis and control design of switched affine systems in discrete-time domain. The stability conditions are obtained by taking into account that the system trajectories, governed by a certain switching function, converge to a set of attraction ${\boldsymbol{\mathcal V}}$ containing a desired equilibrium point. These conditions follow from the adoption of a general quadratic Lyapunov function whose time variation is bounded above by a concave-convex function with center determined by minimax theory. Our main contribution is to provide a stabilizing state feedback switching function and an invariant set of attraction ${\boldsymbol{\mathcal V}}_*$ with minimum volume as far as this class of quadratic Lyapunov functions is adopted. The results are applied to sampled-data control of continuous-time switched affine systems with chattering avoidance. The speed control of a DC motor is presented.

Local stability analysis of T-S fuzzy systems using second-order time derivative of the membership functions

This paper addresses the local stability analysis problem for continuous-time Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy systems. Based on the Lyapunov method, the proposed analysis procedure is formulated as optimizations subject to linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which can be solved by means of convex optimization techniques. Especially, a generalized Lyapunov function that depends on the membership functions (MFs) and its time derivatives is used. Since the Lyapunov function involves the time derivatives of the MFs, the problem of stability analysis and the estimation of the domain of attraction (DA) cannot be converted into convex problems in general. In this paper, we explore the possibility of using the second-order time derivatives of the MFs to determine the DA. Examples are given to illustrate the proposed method.

Observer design for a class of nonlinear fractional-order systems with unknown input

A full order fractional-order observer is designed for a class of Lipschitz continuous-time nonlinear fractional-order systems with unknown input. Sufficient conditions of existence for the designed observer and stability of state estimation error system are developed by reconstructing state and using general quadratic Lyapunov function. By applying fractional-order extension of Lyapunov direct method, the stability of the fractional-order state estimation error system is analyzed. Due to the conditions involving a nonlinear matrix inequality, a new sufficient condition with linear matrix inequality (LMI) is reformulated, which makes the full order fractional-order observer implemented easily by using Matlab LMI toolbox. Examples are taken to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach by numerical simulations.

On the use of a general quadratic Lyapunov function for studying the stability of Takagi–Sugeno systems

We study the stability of the zero solution to a nonlinear system of ordinary differential equations on the base of its Takagi–Sugeno (TS) representation. As is known, the most constructive stability and stabilization conditions for TS systems stated as linear matrix inequalities are established with the help of a general quadratic Lyapunov function (GQLF). However, such conditions are often too rigid. Using a modification of the Lyapunov direct method, we propose asymptotic stability conditions with weaker requirements to GQLF. They allow an application to a wider class of systems. We also give some illustrative examples.

Almost periodic dynamics of the delayed complex-valued recurrent neural networks with discontinuous activation functions

The target of this article is to study almost periodic dynamical behaviors for complex-valued recurrent neural networks with discontinuous activation functions and time-varying delays. We construct an equivalent discontinuous right-hand equation by decomposing real and imaginary parts of complex-valued neural networks. Based on differential inclusions theory, diagonal dominant principle and nonsmooth analysis theory of generalized Lyapunov function method, we achieve the existence, uniqueness and global stability of almost periodic solution for the equivalent delayed differential network. In particular, we derive a series of results on the equivalent neural networks with discontinuous activation functions, constant coefficients as well as periodic coefficients, respectively. Finally, we give a numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the derived theoretical results.

Event-triggered fault detection for a class of discrete-time linear systems using interval observers

This paper provides a novel event-triggered fault detection (FD) scheme for discrete-time linear systems. First, an event-triggered interval observer is proposed to generate the upper and lower residuals by taking into account the influence of the disturbances and the event error. Second, the robustness of the residual interval against the disturbances and the fault sensitivity are improved by introducing l1 and H∞ performances. Third, dilated linear matrix inequalities are used to decouple the Lyapunov matrices from the system matrices. The nonnegative conditions for the estimation error variables are presented with the aid of the slack matrix variables. This technique allows considering a more general Lyapunov function. Furthermore, the FD decision scheme is proposed by monitoring whether the zero value belongs to the residual interval. It is shown that the information communication burden is reduced by designing the event-triggering mechanism, while the FD performance can still be guaranteed. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Distributed model predictive control with saturated inputs by a saturation‐dependent Lyapunov function

SummaryIn this paper, distributed model predictive control (MPC) problems are considered for input‐saturated polytopic uncertain systems by a saturation‐dependent Lyapunov function approach. The actuator saturation is processed by the transformation into the linear convex combination form. By the decomposition of the control input, distributed MPC controllers are designed in parallel for each subsystems. The Lyapunov Function we select is saturation dependent, which is less conservative than the general Lyapunov Function approach. An invariant set condition is provided and min–max distributed MPC is proposed based on the invariant set. The robust distributed MPC controllers are determined by solving a linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization problem. To reduce the conservatism, we present a robust distributed MPC algorithm, which is not only saturation dependent but also parameter dependent. A Jacobi iterative algorithm is developed to coordinate the distributed MPC controllers. A simulation example with multi‐subsystem is carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed MPC algorithms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A CLASS OF LYAPUNOV FUNCTIONS AND THE GLOBAL STABILITY OF SOME EPIDEMIC MODELS WITH NONLINEAR INCIDENCE

In this paper, by investigating an SIR epidemic model with nonlinear incidence, we present a new technique for proving the global stability of the endemic equilibrium, which consists of introducing a variable transformation and constructing a more general Lyapunov function. For the model we obtain the following results. The disease-free equilibrium is globally stable in the feasible region as the basic reproduction number is less than or equal to unity, and the endemic equilibrium is globally stable in the feasible region as the basic reproduction number is greater than unity. The generality of the technique is illustrated by considering certain nonlinear incidences and SIS and SIRS epidemic models.

Decentralised adaptive output feedback stabilisation for stochastic time-delay systems via LaSalle-Yoshizawa-type theorem

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the decentralised output feedback stabilisation problem for a class of large-scale stochastic time-delay nonlinear systems. A general theorem is firstly given to guarantee the global existence and uniqueness of the solution for stochastic time-delay systems. In addition, a stochastic version of the well-known LaSalle-Yoshizawa theorem with time-varying delay is initially proposed for the controller design and stability analysis. Then, for a class of large-scale stochastic systems with time-varying delays, totally decentralised adaptive delay-dependent controllers are designed by using K-filter and backstepping approach. Via LaSalle-Yoshizawa-type theorem and constructing a general Lyapunov function, it is shown that all signals in the closed-loop system are bounded almost surely and the solution is almost surely asymptotically stable. Finally, a simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the results of this paper.

Two-Step Stability Analysis for General Polynomial-Fuzzy-Model-Based Control Systems

This paper investigates the stability of a polynomial-fuzzy-model-based (PFMB) control system formed by a nonlinear plant represented by a polynomial fuzzy model and a polynomial fuzzy controller connected in a closed loop. Three cases of polynomial fuzzy controllers are proposed for the control process with the consideration of a matched/mismatched number of rules and/or premise membership functions, which demonstrate different levels of controller complexity, design flexibility, and stability analysis results. A general polynomial Lyapunov function candidate is proposed to investigate the system stability. Unlike the published work, there is no constraint on the polynomial Lyapunov function candidate, which is independent of the form of the polynomial fuzzy model. Thus, it can be applied to a wider class of PFMB control systems and potentially produces more relaxed stability analysis results. Two-step stability conditions in terms of sum-of-squares (SOS) are obtained to numerically find a feasible solution. To facilitate the stability analysis and relax the stability analysis result, the boundary information of membership functions is taken into account in the stability analysis and incorporated into the SOS-based stability conditions. Simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Analysis on exponential stability of hybrid pantograph stochastic differential equations with highly nonlinear coefficients

This paper discusses exponential stability of solutions for highly nonlinear hybrid pantograph stochastic differential equations (PSDEs). Two criteria are proposed to guarantee exponential stability of the solution. The first criterion is a Khasminskii-type condition involving general Lyapunov functions. The second is developed on coefficients of the equation in virtue of M-matrix techniques. Based on the second criterion, robust stability of a perturbed hybrid PSDE is also investigated. The theory shows how much an exponentially stable hybrid PSDE can tolerate to remain stable.

Lyapunov Functions Family Approach to Transient Stability Assessment

Analysis of transient stability of strongly nonlinear post-fault dynamics is one of the most computationally challenging parts of Dynamic Security Assessment. This paper proposes a novel approach for assessment of transient stability of the system. The approach generalizes the idea of energy methods, and extends the concept of energy function to a more general Lyapunov Functions Family (LFF) constructed via Semi-Definite-Programming techniques. Unlike the traditional energy function and its variations, the constructed Lyapunov functions are proven to be decreasing only in a finite neighborhood of the equilibrium point. However, we show that they can still certify stability of a broader set of initial conditions in comparison to the traditional energy function in the closest-UEP method. Moreover, the certificates of stability can be constructed via a sequence of convex optimization problems that are tractable even for large scale systems. We also propose specific algorithms for adaptation of the Lyapunov functions to specific initial conditions and demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach on a number of IEEE test cases.

Generalized Lyapunov function theorems and its applications in switched systems

Generalized Lyapunov theorems of nonlinear systems are developed wherein all regularity assumptions on traditional Lyapunov function are removed. In particular, stability theorems of nonlinear systems are presented by replacing “V along the system trajectories is non-increasing” with “V along the system trajectories may increase its value during some proper time intervals”. Furthermore, stability theorems of discrete-time and continuous-time switched system with unstable subsystems are derived, using the generalized Lyapunov theorems. Two numerical examples are included to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.

New results of the ultimate bound on the trajectories of the family of the Lorenz systems

In this paper, the global exponential attractive sets of a class of continuous-time dynamical systems defined by $\dot x = f\left( x \right),{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} x \in {R^3},$ are studied. The elements of main diagonal of matrix $A$ are both negative numbers and zero, where matrix $A$ is the Jacobian matrix $\frac{{df}}{{dx}}$ of a continuous-time dynamical system defined by $\dot x = f\left( x \right),{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} x \in {R^3},$ evaluated at the origin ${x_0} = \left( {0,0,0} \right).$ The former equations [1-6] that we are searching for a global bounded region have a common characteristic: The elements of main diagonal of matrix $A$ are all negative, where matrix $A$ is the Jacobian matrix $\frac{{df}}{{dx}}$ of a continuous-time dynamical system defined by $\dot x = f\left( x \right),{\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} {\kern 1pt} x \in {R^n},$ evaluated at the origin ${x_0} = {\left( {0,0, \cdots ,0} \right)_{1 \times n}}.$ For the reason that the elements of main diagonal of matrix $A$ are both negative numbers and zero for this class of dynamical systems , the method for constructing the Lyapunov functions that applied to the former dynamical systems does not work for this class of dynamical systems. We overcome this difficulty by adding a cross term $xy$ to the Lyapunov functions of this class of dynamical systems and get a perfect result through many integral inequalities and the generalized Lyapunov functions.

Robust stability and evaluation of the quality functional for nonlinear control systems

We develop new methods of robust stability analysis for equilibrium states and optimization of nonlinear feedback control systems. For a family of nonlinear systems with uncertain matrices of coefficients and measurable output feedback we formulate sufficient stability conditions for the zero state with a general quadratic Lyapunov function. We propose a solution for the general robust stabilization and estimation problem for a quadratic performance index for a family of nonlinear systems. We show an example of a stabilization system for a single-link robot manipulator.

Using general quadratic Lyapunov functions to prove Lyapunov uniform stability for fractional order systems

This paper presents two new lemmas related to the Caputo fractional derivatives, when α∈0,1, for the case of general quadratic forms and for the case where the trace of the product of a rectangular matrix and its transpose appear. Those two lemmas allow using general quadratic Lyapunov functions and the trace of a matrix inside a Lyapunov function respectively, in order to apply the fractional-order extension of Lyapunov direct method, to analyze the stability of fractional order systems (FOS). Besides, the paper presents a theorem for proving uniform stability in the sense of Lyapunov for fractional order systems. The theorem can be seen as a complement of other methods already available in the literature. The two lemmas and the theorem are applied to the stability analysis of two Fractional Order Model Reference Adaptive Control (FOMRAC) schemes, in order to prove the usefulness of the results.

Dynamical behaviors of the chaotic Brushless DC motors model

This article is concerned with the boundedness solutions of the brushless DC motor system. For this system, the global attractive set and positively invariant set are obtained based on generalized Lyapunov function stability theory and the extremum principle of function. Furthermore, the rate of the trajectories is also obtained. Numerical simulations are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 79–85, 2016

Bounds for the fast–slow Lorenz–Stenflo system

In this paper, the dynamical behaviors of the fast–slow Lorenz–Stenflo system are considered based on generalized Lyapunov function theory with integral inequalities. Explicit estimations of the ultimate bounds are derived. The meaningful contribution of this article is that not only do we get the ultimate boundedness of solutions of the fast–slow Lorenz–Stenflo system, but we also get the rate of the trajectories of the system going from the exterior of the trapping set to the interior of the trapping set. Computer simulation results show that the proposed method is effective.

Dynamics of two classes of Lorenz‐type chaotic systems

In this article, the dynamical behaviors of two classes of chaotic systems are considered based on generalized Lyapunov function theorem with integral inequalities. Explicit estimations of the ultimate bounds are derived. The results presented in this article contain the existing results as special cases. Computer simulation results show that the proposed method is effective. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 363–369, 2015