Multimedia Functions Research Articles

Special Section on Emerging Technologies of Complex Communication Sciences and Multimedia Functions

Special Section on Emerging Technologies of Complex Communication Sciences and Multimedia Functions

Embedded Systems Multimedia Framework for Microcontroller Devices

The presented paper attempts to establish a generalized approach to the development of embedded systems multimedia applications. It is formalized in the form of a framework that defines rules and recommenda- tions for a developer on how to implement specific pieces of software that work with multimedia data. The basis for the development process is the division of the system’s func- tionality into stages with the following development of each stage. The framework also defines how touch sensor events may be elaborated. The proposed framework has been tested in a test scenario in an application with multiple stages. The results proved that the solution is feasible for multimedia applications (specifically, with graphics proc- essing) and can be regarded as a generalized approach to the development of embedded systems with multimedia functionality.

Organizational Dynamics of the Leading Smartphone Retailer in the Province of Bohol, Philippines I.U.

A smartphone is a portable computer that combines a mobile phone and a computer into one device. Smartphones have more powerful hardware and robust mobile operating systems. They enable web browsing over mobile broadband, and multimedia functionality (including music, video, cameras, and gaming) in addition to basic phone features. Researcher Patrice Buzzanell claims resilience theory has five components that businesses can cultivate. These include creating normalcy, affirming identity anchors, utilizing communication networks, and putting alternative logic into practice. Business continuity planning, which tries to make organizations more resilient to failure, was developed with the help of resilience theory. Resilience theory places a strong emphasis on the fact that conflict arises naturally in larger groups of individuals. Management had similar views between the late 1940s and the middle of the 1970s. Excellent teamwork requires effective communication. Private Smartphone Retailer Wireless is a Boholano brand that debuted in 1994 and has since grown to include more than forty stores as well as an online store. The company’s name essentially sums up its mission: to serve Savers, end consumers seeking high-quality devices at the greatest prices. Crisis management is the process by which an organization deals with a disruptive and unexpected event. One of our best conflict resolution moves is to sort out and handle the situation quickly and informally. The effective and efficient administration of people inside a company or organization is known as human resource management. It is created to maximize worker performance in support of an employer’s strategic goals. The process starts with the hiring and selection process, followed by regularization and retention of the job. Branches serve as both after-sales centers and pick-up locations for online orders. They have changed the user experience to get to a point where customers can interact with brands both physically and virtually.

РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ БАГАТОПОТОЧНОСТІ НА АРХІТЕКТУРІ МУЛЬТИМЕДІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСОРІВ NEXPERIA

The structure of multiprocessor systems based on the architecture of modern Nexperia multimedia processors with a 32-bit computing core is considered. The fields of application of multimedia processors as general purpose processors and their data processing functions are studied. Multimedia processors use either functional architectures with limited flexibility but higher speed and efficiency, or programmable architectures with increased flexibility. The architecture of one of the Nexperia processors - TriMedia TM-1300 is analyzed and the diagram of its main components, the principle of operation of the central arbitration of the processor bus and methods of increasing its speed are given. Advanced general-purpose processors have been found to provide multimedia support by incorporating new multimedia instructions and executing them in parallel using a SIMD coprocessor approach. They provide multimedia support, including multimedia instructions in the instruction set. Instead of performing specific multimedia functions (such as compression and 3D graphics), multimedia processors provide purpose-built instructions to support general video processing operations. These instructions include support for 8-bit data types (pixels), efficient data addressing, and I/O instructions. The article examines the possibilities of software implementation of the parallelization of processors using parallel processing technologies, which is achieved by dividing one execution of a task into several independent smaller tasks. A software implementation of the work using a static and anonymous method is proposed. The program codes and the results of their testing are given. It has been proven that the division of different parts of the task between several computational resources of the CPU allows to reduce the execution time of the program and improves the potential computing power of the computer system.

Do our children learn enough in Sky Class? A case study: online learning in Chinese primary schools in the COVID era March to May 2020

All human being’s ways of living, working and studying were significantly impacted by the Covid-19 in 2020. In China, the Ministry of Education reacted fast in ensuring that primary school students could learn online at home by promoting the Sky Class program from February 2020. Educators, parents, and students all faced the challenges of adapting to new online teaching and learning environments. In this small-scale case study, Sky Class’s content and the participants’ experiences, will be presented. Four primary school teachers and five primary school students and their parents participated in three-rounds of interviews sharing their perspectives and experiences of online learning. The study showed that the students gained more parental support and that they benefited from using multimedia functions, like replay, in their Sky Classes. However, the majority of participants reported that the students learnt less. By mapping the learning activities and themes from Sky Class against Cope and Kalantzis’ e-learning ecologies, our study found that only ubiquitous learning and multimodal meaning were achieved. We suggest the reason may be that high cognitive learning was not achieved due to less teachers’ supervision, lack of interaction, delayed feedback, shorter learning times and communication. In conclusion, innovative pedagogies, which can foster different types of learning from the e-learning ecologies may overcome the negative aspects reported about Sky Class. Further research is required for implementing online technology as a catalyst for educational change.

The relationship between soil and household dust metals and the impact on olfaction in children

Abstract Background Through this study we aimed to test the association between the exposure to metals measured in soil, outdoor and indoor dust and olfactory function among children living close to ferromanganese alloy plants. Moreover, we investigated how metal concentrations vary with the distance from the plants and the relationships among the different environmental media. Methods A total of 130 children between 6 and 13 years old were enrolled in the province of Brescia in Italy. The olfactory performance was assessed through the Sniffin' Sticks test. The concentration of 20 metals in dust and soil samples was determined through an X-ray fluorescence portable analyzer (p-XRF). Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression was applied to test for the association between the multi-media environmental markers (MMEM) and olfactory function while restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the relationship between metal concentrations and distance from the closest plant and deviation from the main wind direction. Results WQS regression showed a negative significant association between the MMEM and the Sniffin' Sticks score (beta=-0.028; 95%CI -0.047, -0.009) identifying As, Fe, Rb, Pd, K and Pb as the elements with the higher weights. Except Rb, all elements together with Mn (one of the main elements released by the plants), showed a decreasing trend for soil and outdoor dust concentration at increasing distance from the source or at increasing deviation from the main wind direction. A positive association between outdoor and indoor dust and between soil and outdoor dust was also observed. Conclusions This work highlights the risk of the exposure to metal mixtures on child olfactory function which is known to be associated with neurodegenerative diseases in older age. Moreover, this analysis can contribute in terms of public health policies assessing the risk of being exposed as a function of the distance from the plants and the deviation from the main wind direction. Key messages Metal mixture concentration in dust is associated with decreased smell identification ability. Indoor metal concentrations can be affected by external source of exposure.

Rancang Bangun Animasi Interaktif Berbasis Multimedia Pada Pengenalan Dasar Bahasa Jepang

The use of language as a medium of communication is currently important. Language is a way to communicate and interact with other people. Selain bahasa inggris yang menjadi bahasa internasional, terdapat beberapa bahasa negara lain yang juga tidak kalah diminati untuk dipelajari, salah satunya adalah bahasa jepang. Japanese language has a unique writing and pronunciation structure, so it takes persistence in learning it. However, the use of letters, sentence structure, and grammar structures that are different from Indonesian grammar makes it difficult for beginners to learn Japanese. The author tries to create an application that connects the multimedia functions on the computer with the knowledge of basic Japanese language introduction. In this study, using the waterfall software development method in making animation of basic Japanese language introduction. The result of this research is an animation that discusses the introduction of the country of Japan, the letters used in Japanese, greetings that are often used in everyday life, and how to introduce oneself in Japanese which is presented in the form of interactive animation so that it can help users. to understand basic Japanese.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Innovative Mailing System

As the technology is enhancing, people are coming closer to digital life and digital communication. There are many ways to communicate with others through internet in this new advanced era. Most of them are choosing the easiest way of communication i.e., Electronic mail (E-mail). E-mail is the technology that enables user to contact with others by sending mails and also helps in business world communication. There are people who cannot use these technologies because either they are illiterate or do not have ability to see the screen. So, to make this technology closer to visually challenged people, authors proposed a Voice Based E -mail System. This system provides them the facility of communication and makes them much stronger and independent. This architecture will help blind people to access email and other multimedia functions. Leaving behind the old techniques, this voice -based email system will be containing new technologies that will be easily acceptable by visually challenged people.

ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЇ В ПРОЦЕСІ ВИКЛАДАННЯ ФАХОВИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН

The article considers the using video materials’ problem in the professional training of future engineers-teachers, in particular, the visualization of didactic materials in the professional training of future specialists in computer technology. It is proved that it is necessary to change the paradigm of teaching computer disciplines in the context of didactic materials’ visualization as a basis for material abstraction. It is established that teaching computer disciplines is carried out in a very variable subject area and a large number of different methods and tools. One of the main principles of student learning is a high level of educational material abstraction. The classical methods of teaching the discipline "Content Management Systems" are considered, which provide a lecture-practical form of teaching with mostly textual didactic materials It is proved that classical teaching methods have a low level of abstraction compared to the video materials using. It is shown that the quality and efficiency of the educational process improve due to the using video materials' technical advantages. Such advantages include speed, maneuverability, efficiency, ability to view and listen to fragments and other multimedia functions; didactic – interactivity (creating the effect of presence, authenticity, the reality of events, interest, desire to learn, and see more). The didactic bases of video materials application in teaching students of content management systems are determined. Video materials have been developed for students to use content management systems and introduced into the training of future engineers-teachers. It is established that the educational videos using has significant potential, increases the efficiency of education, and guarantees quality professional training of students. Key words: higher education, professional training, future engineers-teachers, information technologies, content management systems, video materials.

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ КУРСУ ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯІНОЗЕМНОЇ МОВИ У ВИЩІЙ ШКОЛІ

The article is devoted to one of the advanced formats of foreign language teaching at high school, which effectively complements extramural and full-time forms of education – distance learning. The author emphasizes that the quality and effectiveness of foreign languages distance learning athigher educational establishments depends on effectively organized course; the pedagogical skills of teachers, participating in the educational process; the quality of applied methodical content.The main principles of foreign languages distance learning in higher education has been covered, the means of improving the quality and effectiveness of this educational format has been proposed, the key conceptual regulations of foreign languages distance learning has been determined. The article proposes a model for organizing foreign languages distance learning course for future specialists, describes a system to control and monitor the knowledge of all types of speech activities. It is also noted that independent work in the foreign languages distance course at high school should not be passive, but on the contrary, the student should be involved in active cognitive activities, not limited to acquiring foreign language skills, but necessarily includes their practical application; to solve certain communicative tasks in the future professional activity.The article concludes that in the process of organizing the foreign language distance learning course at high school, it is necessary to take into account not only the didactic characteristics and functions of multimedia and telecommunications as a technological basis, but also the conceptual trends of didactic distance learning as a component of modern education. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the specific nature of foreign language teaching in general.Key words: higher educational establishment, distance learning, multimedia means, independent work, information and communicative technologies, Internet, interactive engagement.

Tourist Street View Navigation and Tourist Positioning Based on Multimodal Wireless Virtual Reality

Based on the multimodal wireless virtual reality technology, this article researches and implements two different spatial positioning estimation systems based on intelligent networks and mixed reality devices, which can estimate their position and attitude in space with higher accuracy. Based on the multimodal protocol, an extensible information exchange protocol is designed to meet the requirements of the terminal and the background service in the scenic spot, which realizes the information interaction between the terminal and the background service and supports the realization of system functions. Second, a real‐time data management module is designed for the two types of terminal historical location query and real‐time location query. Through the research and summary of GPS positioning technology and existing matching algorithms, as well as the analysis of positioning errors, a scenic map matching algorithm based on an improved virtual reality model is proposed. Later, in the electronic map design, the traditional linear street view model was improved, the width element of the street view was increased, and the rectangular street view model was introduced. When the candidate road section was selected, the candidate road section was determined by the area intersection method of the error rectangle and the rectangular street view, and the search path was improved, while reducing omissions in the selection of candidate road sections. In the process of adaptive moving target feature learning, it can effectively remove the inaccurate foreground extraction caused by the misjudgement and misdetection of the multimodal background modeling method. This plays an important role in the later trajectory tracking and reduces the uninterruptedness. The simulation results show that the real‐time data is cached in the memory, and the real‐time data is divided and organized on the basis of region, which realizes efficient designated terminal location query, range query, neighbour query, and many other typical real‐time location‐based queries. Finally, using the characteristics of the database management system adopted, through a reasonable design of the database table structure, efficient access to historical data is realized. System test results show that the system has realized multimedia applications, electronic maps, travel notes, and other functions and has a friendly interface, easy operation, and good maintainability and scalability.

THE USE OF POWERPOINT IN GROUP PRESENTATIONS: INSIGHTS FROM ELT MAJORS

The current study was set out to find out the attitudes of ELT majors toward the use of PowerPoint in group presentations and how they used the software when presenting. Data was collected through the use of questionnaire, interview and class observation. The results indicate that the majority of ELT majors had positive attitudes toward the use of PowerPoint in group presentation for their user-friendly quality and multimedia functions combining audio-visual features. It was also found that group members usually prepared slides individually before one member combined all and created a slideshow. During presentations, ELT majors relied on the key points in the slides to talk but a significant number of them just read from the slides. They also claimed to make use of the archiving and display functions of PowerPoint to create activities that help reinforce and review the contents presented. From the findings, suggestions to teachers and group members to review the contents and rules to design and use well the software for group presentations were made.

Monolingual Online Dictionaries for Learners of English and the Opportunities of the Electronic Medium: A Critical Survey

Abstract Online dictionaries provide unique possibilities to both dictionary makers and users, in particular in the following areas (cf. Granger 2012: 4ff): Accessibility of data, multimedia functions, customization, hybridization, user-input and storage space. This article investigates the extent to which these opportunities have been exhausted in current online learner’s dictionaries. It demonstrates that the vast technological opportunities of the internet are only beginning to be fully exploited. While storage space, for example, is already being used effectively to provide additional example sentences and collocations, the dictionaries under investigation offer partly unsatisfactory functionality in terms of data accessibility and several other areas.

Exploring user perceptions of deletion in mobile instant messaging applications

Abstract Contemporary mobile messaging provides rich text and multimedia functionality leaving detailed trails of sensitive user information that can span long periods of time. Allowing users to manage the privacy implications both on the sender and the receiver side can help to increase confidence in the use of communication applications. In October 2017, one of the mobile messengers with the largest user base, WhatsApp, introduced a feature to delete past messages from communication, both from the sender’s and the recipient’s devices. In this article, we compare the deletion features of 17 popular messaging applications. Implementations of these features widely differ across the applications we examined. We further report on a study with 125 participants conducted in a between-subjects design. We explore users’ preferences for deleting mobile messages, and we investigate how well they comprehend this functionality as implemented in popular messaging applications. We found statistically significant differences in users’ understanding of message deletion between our three test conditions, comprising WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, and Skype. Eighty percent of participants in the WhatsApp condition could correctly assess the effects of deleting messages, compared to only 49% in the Skype condition. In addition, we provide insights into qualitative feedback received from our participants. Our findings indicate that message deletion is seen as a potentially useful feature that users may be able to use in different ways, including editing messages. Furthermore, users can more precisely estimate the capabilities of a deletion function when its effects are transparently explained in the application’s user interface.

Special section on fundamentals and applications of complex communications and multimedia functions

Special section on fundamentals and applications of complex communications and multimedia functions

Features of the Modernization of Television Journalistic Practices in Online News Content

The purpose of this work is to investigate the modernization of television journalistic practices in online news content and analyze its evolution. The research methodology of work. The following methods have been applied monitoring and integrated analysis of the information field; comparison, systematic analysis of various sources, expert ratings. The content analysis and multimedia functionality of several interactive online portals has been used. The scientific novelty of the study is that the main features of the creation and distribution of news media content on the Internet are comprehensively analyzed taking into account the key trends in the development of new audiovisual media and on the basis of the comparative characteristics of professional TV journalistic and user content in online publications; An analysis of news multimedia content and interactive functionality of sites of a number of leading online media was carried out. Conclusions. The media industry is developing dynamically under the influence of the wide use of multimedia technologies for creating and distributing news content, as well as the interactive communication of media and media users via the Internet and other network channels. In the context of virtualization and multilevel globalization of the media system, the emergence of the infrastructure of new media that changed the global information and communication landscape. New media contrasted traditional media with previously impossible data generation and transmission speed, low cost of creating news content, mobility and creativity of its distribution, as well as the advantage of multilateral communication with the audience.

Dual camera-based split shutter for high-rate and long-distance optical camera communications

Smartphones have been very versatile communication devices. Cameras fitted in smartphones are primarily used to capture photographs and for relevant multimedia functions. Recently, smartphone cameras have been studied for short-range wireless communications. Camera-based optical wireless communication, termed optical camera communication (OCC), is a form of visible light communication. In the OCC, a camera is employed as the receiver, while either a light emitting diode or a liquid crystal display (LCD) is used as the transmitter. This paper proposes a downlink OCC scheme with a dual camera (receiver) and an LCD (transmitter) is employed, using a unique capture method called split shutter method. The split shutter method combined with dual camera offers a significantly increased capture rate as well as increased coverage distance. Experiments were conducted to verify the proposed dual camera-based split shutter OCC scheme. Compared with a standard camera shutter, it is found that the proposed method effectively increases the transmission rate by a factor of two under identical experimental conditions, achieving a maximum of 11,520 bits per second and a distance of up to 2 m using a 1280×720 pixels camera resolution. When compared with conventional rolling shutter OCCs, the proposed method offers four times farther the coverage distance at an identical resolution. It is also demonstrated that the data rate can be further increased when a larger number of transmitters are employed.

게임 제작 원리 학습을 위한 게임의 설계 및 구현 : 스크래치 언어를 중심으로

Abstract Computer game is a result of integration of various academic areas, and the production of computer game requires knowledge and experience from various areas. This study demonstrates a game production process using Scratch. The intent was to experience the game development process and the production principle through actually building the core functions of a game using Scratch. As such, the computer game production principle was understood and it was made possible to learn more easily and more enjoyably the functions of multimedia and programming necessary for the production process. As the result, the learning of game production principles using Scratch was found to enhance the interest of the learner, and help with the understanding of game structure and learning software/programming language.Key Words :Game Development, Game Project, Game Education, Educational Games, Serious Game, Scratch * 본 논문은 2015 년도 광운대학교 교내 학술연구비 지원에 의해 연구되었음Received 26 March 2016, Revised 22 April 2016Accepted 20 May 2016, Published 28 May 2016Corresponding Author: Hyung-Won Jong(Department of Information & Contents, Kwangwoon University)Email: hwjung@kw.ac.krⒸThe Society of Digital Policy & Management. All rightsreserved. This is an open-access article distributed under theterms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-CommercialLicense (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), whichpermits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, andreproduction in any medium, provided the original work isISSN: 1738-1916 properly cited.

How to satisfy citizens? Using mobile government to reengineer fair government processes

This paper examines how mobile and wireless technology (MWT) characteristics affect user satisfaction in the mGovernment field to which mGovernment literature thus far has paid little attention. Specifically, we identify seven MWT functions of mGovernment and explore the underlying process through which the seven MWT functions affect user satisfaction. By integrating the task-technology fit perspective and theory of procedural fairness, we develop a research model to demonstrate that the seven MWT functions of mGovernment reshape three characteristics of fair decision procedures and increase the procedural fairness of governmental services, which, in turn, improve user satisfaction. A total of 449 experienced users in China responded to a survey. The results indicate that 1) two time-critical functions of mGovernment improve transparency, 2) a location-sensitive function and a mobile multimedia function promote information accuracy and 3) three personal control functions increase voice opportunity. Further, the three fair procedural characteristics (i.e., transparency, information accuracy and voice) increase procedural fairness of governmental services, which, in turn, increases user satisfaction. This study results in a theoretical contribution to e/mGovernment and mobile service literature by explaining “which” and “how” MWT functions affect user satisfaction. Moreover, it applies and complements theory of procedural fairness in the context of mGovernment. This study also suggests guidelines for government agencies and system developers on selecting a suitable portfolio of MWT functions to fit government's various task needs and to improve user satisfaction.

Performance Evaluation of TCP, UDP and DCCP Traffic Over 4G Network

Fourth Generation (4G) mobile systems has been used more widely than the older generations 3G and 2G. Among the reasons are that the 4G’s transfer rate is higher and it supports all multimedia functions. Besides, its’ supports for wide geographical locus makes wireless technology gets more advanced. The essential goal of 4G is to enable voice-based communication being implemented endlessly. This study tries to evaluate if the old protocols suit with this new technology. And which one has the best performance and which one has the greatest effect on throughput, delay and packet loss. The aforementioned questions are crucial in the performance evaluation of the most famous protocols (particularly User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP)) within the 4G environment. Through the Network Simulation-3 (NS3), the performance of transporting video stream including throughput, delay, packet loss and packet delivery ratio are analyzed at the base station through UDP, TCP and DCCP protocols over 4G’s Long Term Evaluation (LTE) technology. The results show that DCCP has better throughput and lesser delay, but at the same time it has more packet loss than UDP and TCP. Based on the results, DCCP is recommended as a transport protocol for real time video.