Fun Element Research Articles

The Development of Malaysian State Sports Schools Football Coaches' Key Themes in Coaching Process

The aim of the research is to understand and discover the key development themes of practices in the football coaching process developed by the coaches from Malaysian State Sports School. Fourteen experienced Malaysian State Sports School head coaches were involved as participants in this study and in-depth open-ended semi-structured interview method was used for data collection. Data were analyzed based on Evolved Grounded Theory consisting four core categories and fourteen subcategories emerged that make up the key development themes in coaching process; i) planning (coaching syllabus, signature coaching, individual development, fun elements, risk management), ii) deliver (heuristic, empowerment, spirituality), iii) analysing (evaluating, observation, monitoring) and iv) outcome (competence, life skills, coaching intervention). Subsequent exploration is recommended to identify how this knowledge is integrated into the coaching process and applied in the football development program.

Malaysian State Sports Schools Football Coaching Process Model Development: A Grounded Theory Approach

This research was conducted to identify the most significant Malaysian football development coaching process model in Malaysian coaching context that describes the key development themes guided by Effective Coaching Model. A total of 14 head coaches from Malaysian State Sports Schools were chosen by using purposive sampling design. The research instrument used was an in-depth semi-structured interview with open-ended questions that emerged from Grounded Theory. Based on the analysis, the following six core categories and eighteen subcategories emerged that make up the effective coaching in the coaching process; i) coaching knowledge (professional knowledge, psychological knowledge), ii) coaching philosophy (characteristics, holistic approach), iii) planning (coaching syllabus, signature coaching, individual development, fun elements, risk management), iv) deliver (heuristic, empowerment, spirituality), v) analyzing (evaluating, observation, monitoring) and vi) outcome (competence, life skills, coaching intervention). It is suggested that the effective coaching process model will provide an impetus to examine further coaching processes and strategies to ensure all coaches are well supported, trained, and developed. The study's implication is suggested to assist the development of football coaches.

Protesting Venetians

Protest, in a multitude of forms, is increasingly present in the lived experience of Venetians and visitors to the city of Venice. The demands vary: limit tourism, no more cruise ships in the lagoon, protect the city, invest in infrastructure, promote new jobs, make the city liveable again. Such protests are highly performative, done as actions to be seen and noted: marches, graffiti, public letters, processions. Appropriately for a city synonymous with carnival, the repertoires of protest in Venice frequently include irreverent and fun elements of carnival culture, particularly dressing-up, eye-catching displays and participatory interactions. Restituted in 1980, today's Venice Carnival channels aspects of the bygone carnival of past centuries, with a particular emphasis on a visual aesthetics of opulence, beauty, mystery and decadence. A dominant narrative of the carnival as a staid and graceful affair has evolved, but this is challenged by grotesque realism, scabrousness and deliberate vulgarity during the event. The modern day Compagnie de Calza, I Antichi, established a Committee for the Abolition of the Venice Carnival in its current commercialized guise in 2021, and they simultaneously set up a Committee for the Rebirth of the Carnival of Theatre: a positive, forward-looking suggestion of how carnival could exist sustainably and in an enriching way for Venetians and tourists. This proposal alludes to the key role that theatre played in the re-establishment of carnival in the city. Reinvigorating theatre during carnival would give theatre and performance makers the impetus to address key issues, to speak to the community and to protest. A carnival of theatre could renew and embolden the carnival's ability to subvert in the twenty-first century.

증강현실을 이용한 스포츠 관람 플랫폼에 관한 연구

This paper is a study on a platform that provides information using augmented reality when watching sports. The purpose of this study is to design an AR sports platform to provide sports information and enjoy watching. The research method is first, to investigate and analyze literature and previous studies related to augmented reality and sports viewing. Second, to design AR platform, process is defined, and information by sports type is designed to construct contents. Third, indoor and outdoor group sports (Basketball, Soccer) and individual sports (Swimming, Golf) prototypes are produced. We expect to use this platform to experience extended sports such as game information, understanding, and fun elements. In order to apply all sports games to the platform, information is organized according to the characteristics of the game, and actual usability test and contextual information linkage are needed. It is expected that it will be a meaningful attempt in the field of augmented reality sports convergence.

Rethinking the Ideology of Using Digital Games to Increase Individual Interest in STEM

Using games to teach science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) can enhance the quality of education. The idea of using digital games to increase individual interest towards STEM has been implemented as gaming technology has evolved in the 21st century. A correlation exists between using digital games and the learning outcomes which suggests that incorporating digital games may develop interest; however, the theoretical discussion on how interest may be developed with digital games remains inconclusive, thus, resulting in the need for further discussion. Hence, we aim to contribute with a discussion on how STEM digital games can develop individual interest in STEM. Previous studies on digital games in the STEM education context support the arguments presented in this study, therefore, there is a high probability that STEM digital games develop interest. Nevertheless, this can only be achieved with a good STEM game design and defining what is a good STEM game design is subjective. Several elements can be used as indicators to describe the quality of a design. These include the pedagogical learning content and the inclusion of fun elements within a design. Therefore, we propose the integration of theories with pedagogy, learning strategies, STEM learning content, game elements, and game principles design to ensure the presence of a three-layer process to develop interest. The creativity of game designers and developers is key to creating appealing STEM digital games providing young players with an inspiring experience.

영어 교육에서 3D 아바타의 유용성 탐색 연구 : 초등영어 화상수업을 중심으로

The purpose of this study is to explore the usefulness of 3D avatars in the case of English video conferencing classes. For this aim, the study investigated elementary school students’ perception about the use of avatars when speaking in English, the effect of using avatars on the Willingness To Communicate(WTC) in English and on satisfaction with English video conferencing class. Most of the participants, except one, responded positively to the class using 3D avatars. ‘The novelty and fun elements of avatars’ was considered to be the biggest advantage of using avatars and ‘limitations in motion recognition such as raising hand’ was answered as the biggest drawback. Anonymity of using avatars did not seem to have significant effect on the willingness to communicate in English and the avatar effect on class satisfaction is not significant either, compared to other elements such as the class composition and teacher’s teaching skills. At the end of the study, practical suggestions were made to improve the educational usefulness of using 3D avatars based on class observations and in-depth interviews with participants.

Assessment of Collaborative Problem Solving in Engineering Students Through Hands-On Simulations

Contribution: This article discusses the use of manufacturing simulation games to study collaborative problem-solving skills in engineering students. The simulation represents the mass production paradigm in which large quantities of identical products are produced. Empirical data is collected from the simulation to evaluate the skills engineering students used in solving the problem and their group effectiveness. Background: The use of simulation games to teach problem solving in design and manufacturing is an effective approach to convey concepts to students. Simulation games engage students in experiential and collaborative learning with fun elements. Research Questions: How does hands-on simulation engage students in collaborative problem solving? How does participation in collaborative problem solving affect group effectiveness? Methodology: This work presents a study of 37 university-level engineering students in the United States. Participants worked in groups completing the simulation game and responded to surveys on their various skills used. Findings: Participants utilized analytical, metacognitive, and thinking skills in their engagement, reported that the simulation games enhanced their understanding of manufacturing concepts and active collaboration improved problem-solving effectiveness.

THE EFFECT OF DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL GAMES ON MOTIVATION TOWARDS E-LEARNING AND LIFE SKILLS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ARAB SOCIETIES

This study investigates the effect of employing digital educational games (DEGs) on motivation towards e-learning, and life skills of primary school students in more than one Arab context: in Palestine, Jordan, Bahrain, and United Arab Emirates. It also investigates the need to employ these games in the educational process, the challenges which faced the employment of these games, and ways to develop their employment in the learning process. This qualitative study used a multiple case study by conducting open, semi-structured interviews on a sample of four teachers and four parents of two from each country to reveal in-depth views to clarify the mechanism of employing these digital educational games. Data were subjected to multiple case study analysis using Ary et al. (2010) model. The results show that DEGs were a contributing factor in increasing students' motivation towards e-learning and enabling them to acquire the life skills necessary to live in this era when adding these games to the elements of fun and excitement to learn in a collaborative environment. They provide students with communication, problem-solving, decision-making and technological skills. The results also show the challenges that face employing them in the e-learning process, represented in material ones, such as the weakness of the technological infrastructure, and educational ones, such as the weakness of teachers in dealing with DEGs and choosing the appropriate game for the age category and subject. The study recommends adopting the employment of DEGs officially in public education institutions, and providing material and technical support to teachers, students and parents‎.

Implementing ACL Injury Prevention in Daily Sports Practice\u2014It\u2019s Not Just the Program: Let\u2019s Build Together, Involve the Context, and Improve the Content

Although the benefits of current anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury prevention programmes have been demonstrated in efficacy studies, they, unfortunately, have had limited public health impact to date. For example, the incidence of ACL injuries continues to rise in adolescent athletes. Raising awareness and educating coaches and athletes is not enough to facilitate the widespread, sustained use of these programmes in the real-world setting. Considering the profound burden of ACL injuries, it is necessary to continue to improve the current ACL injury prevention programmes through co-creation. First, the uptake of the programmes should be optimized by a better appreciation and understanding of the individual, socio-cultural and environmental context (i.e., community). Second, the content of the programmes should be optimized to better reflect the demands of the sport by creating more ownership and increasing motivation (incorporating challenging, sport-specific and fun elements) with the end-users. In addition, implicit motor learning, random practice and differential learning are concepts that should be integrated when practising to obtain the most optimal results when learning or finetuning skills.

Malaysian State Sports Schools Football Coaching Process Key Themes Development: Constant Comparison Method in Data Analysis

This study compares the Malaysian coaching process’s key development themes with Cote and Gilbert’s (2009) Effective Coaching Model in Malaysian football development. The participant selection is based on purposive sampling involving fourteen head coaches from State Sports Schools throughout Malaysia. In addition, an in-depth semi-structured interview with open-ended questions was carried out and analysed following Glaser and Strauss’s constant comparative method (1967). Based on the analysis, the following seven new development themes have emerged in the context of the Malaysian coaching process as compared to Cote and Gilbert, Effective Coaching Model: i) signature coaching, ii) risk management, iii) fun elements, iv) empowerment, v) spirituality, vi) life skills and vii) coaching intervention. Subsequent exploration is recommended to identify how this knowledge is integrated into the coaching process and applied in the Malaysian football development program.

A Study on the Design of Nail Art Combining the Formative Characteristics of Minimalism and Fun Elements

본 연구는 미니멀리즘의 조형적 특징과 재미적 요소를 융합한 네일아트 디자인 제작을 통해 실용성 있고 독창적인 네일아트 디자인을 제시하려고 한다. 선행논문 고찰을 통해 미니멀리즘의 조형성은 단순성, 환원성 및 명료성으로 규정하여 각각의 네일아트 작품을디자인하였다. 재미적 요소를 융합하기 위해 단순성에는 편안함을 추가하여 새로운 네일아트 디자인을 제작하였다. 환원성에는 활발함을 융합하여 네일아트 디자인을 제작하였다. 마지막으로 명료성에는 아름다움을 융합하여 네일아트 디자인을 완성하였다. 본 연구는 미니멀리즘의 조형적 특징과 재미적 요소를 문헌고찰을 통하여 분석하고 이를 응용하고 융합하여 실용적이고 현대적 감각의 네일아트 디자인을 제작하였다. 이를 통해 사회적 흐름을 네일아트 디자인에 반영하여 네일아트 디자인 제작에 기초자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

THE EFFECT OF DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL GAMES ON THE MOTIVATION TOWARDS E-LEARNING AND LIFE SKILLS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ARAB SOCIETIES

This study investigates the effect of employing digital educational games (DEGs) on motivation towards e-learning, and life skills of primary school students in more than one Arab context: in Palestine, Jordan, Bahrain, and United Arab Emirates. It also investigates the need to employ these games in the educational process, the challenges which faced the employment of these games, and ways to develop their employment in the learning process. . This qualitative study used a multiple case study by conducting open, semi-structured interviews on a sample of four teachers and four parents of two from each country to reveal in-depth views to clarify the mechanism of employing these digital educational games. Data were subjected to multiple case study analysis using Ary et al. (2010) model. The results show that DEGs were a contributing factor in increasing students' motivation towards e-learning and enabling them to acquire the life skills necessary to live in this era when adding these games to the elements of fun and excitement to learn in a collaborative environment. They provide students with communication, problem-solving, decision-making and technological skills. The results also show the challenges that face employing them in the e-learning process, represented in material ones, such as the weakness of the technological infrastructure, and educational ones, such as the weakness of teachers in dealing with DEGs and choosing the appropriate game for the age category and subject. The study recommends adopting the employment of DEGs officially in public education institutions, and providing material and technical support to teachers, students and parents.

Finding fun in non-formal technology education

In this exploratory study into the world of 8–17-year-old children’s non-formal technology education, two different types of technology education with varying levels of non-formality were investigated to see how participants find fun in these situations as it is apparent that if something is non-mandatory to attend to, there should be some type of enjoyment found in the process. The results of the analysis suggest that there are three main ways children and teenagers have fun in non-formal education: fun from the tasks they are doing, social fun by sharing with other attendants, and pedagogical fun that has been embedded in the learning process. Based on our findings, we offer suggestions for how to add elements of fun in the non-formal technology education, to make it more motivating and enjoyable to the participants. • Fun can be appreciated and nurtured in non-formal technology education activities. • Forms of fun: fun in doing, social fun, fun embedded in the pedagogical solutions. • Experiencing fun is personal and context dependent. • Adults’ careful contemplation is always required with what is fun for participants.

How Do Decision Makers and Service Providers Experience Participatory Approaches to Developing and Implementing Physical Activity Interventions with Older Adults? A Thematic Analysis.

Background: Physical activity has numerous health and well-being benefits for older adults, but many older adults are inactive. Interventions designed to increase physical activity in older adults have typically only produced small effects and have not achieved long-term changes. There is increasing interest in participatory approaches to promoting physical activity, such as co-production, co-design and place-based approaches, but they have typically involved researchers as participants. This study aimed to understand the experiences of decision-makers and service developers with the introduction of such participatory approaches when developing new physical activity programmes outside of a research setting. Methods: Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 individuals who were involved in commissioning or developing the Greater Manchester Active Ageing Programme. This programme involved funding eight local authorities within Greater Manchester, England, to produce physical activity projects for older adults, involving participatory approaches. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted, structured using the Framework approach. Results: Interviewees identified important benefits of the participatory approaches. The increased involvement of older adults led to older adults contributing valuable ideas, becoming involved in and taking ownership of projects. Interviewees identified the need to move away from traditional emphases on increasing physical activity to improve health, towards focussing on social and fun elements. The accessibility of the session location and information was considered important. Challenges were also identified. In particular, it was recognised that the new approaches require significant time investment to do well, as trusting relationships with older adults and partner organisations need to be developed. Ensuring the sustainability of projects in the context of short-term funding cycles was a concern. Conclusions: Incorporating participatory approaches was perceived to yield important benefits. Interviewees highlighted that to ensure success, sufficient time needs to be provided to develop good working relationships with older adults and partner organisations. They also emphasised that sufficient funding to ensure adequate staffing and the sustainability of projects is required to allow benefits to be gained. Importantly, the implementation of these approaches appears feasible across a range of local authorities.

Pembelajaran Al-Quran Berbasis Edutainment

This study aims to develop learning media in the form of Tahfizh cards in the learning process of memorizing Al-Quran with an edutainment approach. Tahfizh card is a learning medium in the form of cards that discusses learning to memorize the Qur'an, especially the short letters listed in juz 30 in a fun way that is suitable for children. The method used in this research is a research and development method using the Hanafin and Peck models. The techniques used in data collection were observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that the Tahfizh Card game learning media obtained value through the validation of media experts and theorists with the "very good" category of 96%. The edutainment approach in the process of learning the Qur'an and memorizing the Qur'an is very helpful for students, where it is a fun element that makes them not overwhelmed in the memorization process.
 

Preferred Learning Styles for Digital Native and Digital Immigrant Visitors in The Malaysian Music Museum

The majority of museum experts have agreed that museums are informal learning environments, however, most of the previous studies on digital learning have focused on formal education institutions instead of informal environments. Hence, adapting the new fast-changing technology in museum learning has become one of the major challenges for the digital native and digital immigrant populations due to their different learning styles. These two generations have different levels of thinking patterns, experiences, and digital exposure that lead to different levels of technology accessibility in the learning environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the preferred learning styles of museum visitors in the Malaysian context based on the learning styles of digital natives and digital immigrants. A total of 265 respondents participated in this study representing the population of N=792 at the Malaysian music museum in the data collection process. These descriptive results on the cross-tabulation analysis from the survey indicated that most of the visitors preferred the digital natives’ learning styles compared to the digital immigrants’, regardless of personal factors (gender, age, nationality, education level, or occupation). Thus, museum institutions should take the necessary steps to enhance or maintain the learning approach for digital natives with elements of entertainment and fun, provide internet connection, less text, out of school environment, digital use, and multi-task activities for skills enhancement. The minority of digital immigrants are suggested to assimilate and become part of the digital native group to stay relevant in this digital era.
 Keywords: Digital, Education, Learning, Malaysia, Museum

INVESTIGATING CHALLENGES FOR LEARNING ENGLISH THROUGH SONGS

<p>Teachers teaching in the 21<sup>st</sup> century find classroom teaching and learning more challenging than it used to me. Generation Y are known to have problems with communication and generation Z are known to prefer learning tasks that contain the use of technology and activities that include the elements of fun. The use of songs has been successfully used in the teaching of English as a second/foreign language. Songs are known to motivate learners in the classroom. However, some language teachers report facing problems when they use English songs as teaching materials. This pilot study explores the challenges teachers face when they use of English songs in the English classrooms. Respondents were chosen from a public university in Malaysia. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Findings of the study revealed that teachers and learners face challenges such as pronunciation and meaning when English songs are used in the English classrooms.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0620/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Use and social value in peer-to-peer prosumption communities

Purpose This paper aims to examine how prosumption manifests in an online community, Instructables.com, and its value for those who engage with it. The paper emphasizes its distinctiveness compared to similar phenomena, particularly co-creation. Design/methodology/approach This work uses a netnography-informed research approach, involving Instructables community observations, participation and 15 online interviews with members of the community. Findings Prosumption provides personal benefits including hedonic elements of enjoyment and fun, functional elements of monetary saving and self-sufficiency, and cognitive benefits such as problem solving and learning. Further, extra-personal benefits include community-, environment-, market-, family- and friends-oriented benefits. Research limitations/implications Personal and extra-personal prosumption benefits generate use and social value, progressing understanding of value through a type of prosumption that the authors term peer-to-peer. Practical implications An understanding of the differences among concepts can set expectations, responsibilities and opportunities for both firms and prosumers in an increasingly collaborative marketplace. Originality/value By critically analyzing the nature of value through a particular kind of prosumption, the paper makes three theoretical contributions. First, it transforms and broadens the scope of empirical research by clarifying critical distinctions between co-creation and prosumption and establishing them as higher-order concepts. Second, the paper determines the benefits, use and social value participants derive from particular forms of participation in the marketplace. Finally, the paper establishes a new concept, namely peer-to-peer prosumption, which the authors define as a type of prosumption that prioritizes collective, peer-to-peer use and social value over exchange value. The paper contributes to marketing literature on the ongoing evolution of consumer roles and participation in the marketplace, by furthering theorization in this field.

The Use of Youtube as a Learning Tool in Teaching Listening Skill

YouTube is not only a platform that individuals share, upload, comment on videos; but also teachers and educators can make practical and effective use of it to the best as great that students can have more an advantage or profit gained. This study aims to carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of how active and distinguished YouTube can be in the educational process and how it is beneficial for language teachers to enhance the skills of students. The study exhibits different theoretical frameworks that equip the employment of technology to increase the learning/teaching process. In using multimedia, video clips used to develop teachers’ abilities for using technology in classrooms. The objectives of this research are to give knowledgeably and clear explanations about teaching students’ listening skills through English video. The researcher emerges a questionnaire and applies it to third-semester of college students, Ma’soem University to give confirmation and show the advantages of technology in the academic field. The paper investigates classes where computers can be utilized, and also appear the defiance that faces teachers and educators regarding this application. The researchers terminated that YouTube is a necessary tool in classrooms as it appeals to the attention of students and envolves their mentality and creativity. It also assists cover the materials exhaustive, especially language. YouTube leads the fun element into classes, through meet the interests of students. Equivalent findings have a remarkable impact on the learning process as the students will realize the educational environment more uplift and inspire. Besides, they notice the material presented worth studying, and this method, they would admire the attempt expend in explaining the information. The research aspires to be of worth to teachers for the operation of technology and students to have a superior apprehension of the materials extend.

The Use of YouTube as a Learning Tool in Teaching Listening Skill

YouTube is not only a platform that individuals share, upload, comment on videos; but also, teachers and educators can make practical and effective use of it to the best as great that students can have more an advantage or profit gained. This study aims to carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of how active and distinguished. YouTube can be in the educational process and how it is beneficial for language teachers to enhance the skills of students. The study exhibits different theoretical frameworks that equip the employment of technology to increase the learning/teaching process. In using multimedia, video clips used to develop teachers’ abilities for using technology in classrooms. The objectives of this research are to give knowledgeably and clear explanations about teaching students’ listening skills through English video. The researcher emerges a questionnaire and applies it to third-semester of college students of Ma’soem University to give confirmation and show the advantages of technology in the academic field. The paper investigates classes where computers can be utilized, and also appear the defiance that faces teachers and educators regarding this application. The researchers terminated that YouTube is a necessary tool in classrooms as it appeals to the attention of students and involves their mentality and creativity. It also assists cover the materials exhaustive, especially language. YouTube leads the fun element into classes, through meet the interests of students. Equivalent findings have a remarkable impact on the learning process as the students will realize the educational environment more uplift and inspire. Besides, they notice the material presented worth studying, and this method, they would admire the attempt expend in explaining the information. The research aspires to be of worth to teachers for the operation of technology and students to have a superior apprehension of the materials extend.