Full Support Research Articles

Analisis Manajemen Program Bahasa Inggris Kelas Unggulan di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

This study aims to determine the management of the superior class English program at MI Islamiyah Ngasem. This type of research is qualitative research, using a qualitative descriptive approach, which is used to describe the application of management functions in the superior class English program at MI Islamiyah Ngasem. Data collection techniques are interview, observation and documentation techniques. The results of this study indicate that the management of the superior class English program at MI Islamiyah Ngasem has been carried out properly and correctly starting from planning, organizing, implementing and supervising. The English learning strategies used in each class are varied, and use games on certain materials. Learning is packaged creatively and attractively but still focused on memorizing vocabulary. Constraints faced by the program consist of the limited, lack of student motivatitheon, the inability of parents in terms of financing and the environment. While the supporting factor is the full support of the foundation and the madrasa committee, competent teachers and high interest from parents

Ontogenesis and systematic position of a new hypotrichous ciliate, Chaetospira sinica sp. nov., with an improved diagnosis of the poorly defined family Chaetospiridae Jankowski, 1985 (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia).

Ciliates are unique single-celled organisms that play important roles in ecological, environmental, evolutionary, and ontogenetic research. In the present study, phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rRNA gene sequence data reveal that Chaetospira sinica sp. nov. clusters with Stichotricha aculeata with strong to full support (97% ML, 1.00 BI), but is not closely related to members of Spirofilidae Gelei, 1929 to which Chaetospira and Stichotricha have previously been assigned. Phylogenetic analyses, together with morphological and morphogenetic data from Chaetospira sinica sp. nov., support the validity of family Chaetospiridae Jankowski, 1985. Chaetospira and Stichotricha are here assigned to the family Chaetospiridae, the improved diagnosis of which is as follows: non-dorsomarginalian Hypotrichia with flask-shaped body; oral region extending along narrow anterior neck region; lorica usually present; two ventral and two marginal cirral rows, all distinctly spiraled or obliquely curved; pretransverse and transverse cirri absent. The basic morphogenetic features in C. sinica sp. nov. can be summarized as: (1) the oral primordium for the opisthe develops de novo and the parental adoral zone is completely retained by the proter; (2) all ventral cirral anlagen and marginal anlagen developed intrakinetally; (3) three dorsal kineties anlagen formed intrakinetally in each daughter cell; and (4) macronuclear nodules fuse into a single mass. Exconjugant cells were also isolated and their morphologic and molecular data are provided.

Improving Nurse' Knowledge about Elder Abuse

The incidence of violence in the elderly is suspected to have a very detrimental effect and can reduce the quality of life of the elderly. Several interventions, such as increasing public awareness and health workers, screening the risk of violence, and strengthening the elderly group to be able to report incidents of violence are known to have a positive effect on reducing cases of violence in the elderly. The activity was carried out in the form of increasing knowledge about violence in the elderly virtually for 464 participants consisting of nursing students and professional nurses from 23 provinces. The results of the Wilcoxon test analysis showed a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05) which indicated a positive benefit in increasing nurses' knowledge about violence in the elderly. Health workers, especially nurses, are still one of the parties trusted by the elderly group to get rid of all the pain and treatment they experience. The implementation of knowledge improvement programs is known to have a positive effect on nurses' knowledge, some limitations that may be considered by researchers or health workers in designing further activities include: the need for full support from policy makers in implementing the program, the need for a program that is sustainable and not only carried out once in a while, and the need for an active role from health workers to participate in finding out about violence in the elderly through several other ways.

Mechanical insufflation–exsufflation to facilitate ventilator weaning and possible decannulation for patients with encephalopathic conditions

BackgroundClinicians are often faced with apparently tracheostomy mechanical ventilation dependent (TMV), patients who are ventilator unweanable due to encephalopathic/upper motor neuron conditions, that hamper return to the community. ObjectivesA protocol is suggested to wean these patients from mechanical ventilation and criteria offered for possible decannulation. MethodsAfter excluding patients with severe muscle weakness due to neuromuscular diseases and high level spinal cord disorders, consecutive, apparently unweanable and unresponsive encephalopathic patients were to be weaned by a protocol that first normalized CO2 levels at full ventilatory support settings. Then, supplemental oxygen was discontinued so that ambient air baseline oxyhemoglobin saturation (O2 Sat) could be determined and subsequently be normalized by using mechanical insufflation–exsufflation (MIE), at 60–70 cmH2O pressures, via the tubes every 2 hours, with the tube cuffs inflated. Once ambient air O2 Sat levels remained normal, ambient air spontaneous, unassisted autonomous breathing “sprints” were initiated and continued until O2 Sat decreased below 95% with respiratory distress. Patients spontaneously moving over 300 mL of air into their lungs without pressure support had very good prognoses for rapid ventilator weaning. Patients were not returned to TMV irrespective of tachypnea. After the “sprint”, they were rested by using 1–3 hours of full ventilatory support before the next sprint. Sprints lengthened until being fully weaned. After weaning, potential decannulation was evaluated using MIE expiratory flows (MIE-EF) and O2 Sat. ResultsO2 Sat normalized from the initial use of MIE via the tube for 7 of 13 patients then 4 weaned from the initial ambient air sprint. Weaning occurred in 4 days or less for 11 of 13. Despite continuous TMV dependence for 31 days to 15 months before the intervention, 7 weaned patients were successfully decannulated, 6 of the 7 with MIE-EF ≥ 190 L/m. All but 2 remained unresponsive, but 6 were discharged home to their families once decannulated. ConclusionOnce primary ventilatory pump failure is excluded and lung disease improved to the extent that the ambient air O2 Sat can be normalized by using MIE via invasive airway tubes to clear airway secretions, encephalopathic patients can have sufficient muscle strength to wean from ventilatory support and possibly be decannulated if mechanically augmented cough flows exceed 190 L/m.

A Mass-Shifting Phenomenon of Truncated Multivariate Normal Priors

We show that lower-dimensional marginal densities of dependent zero-mean normal distributions truncated to the positive orthant exhibit a mass-shifting phenomenon. Despite the truncated multivariate normal density having a mode at the origin, the marginal density assigns increasingly small mass near the origin as the dimension increases. The phenomenon accentuates with stronger correlation between the random variables. This surprising behavior has serious implications toward Bayesian constrained estimation and inference, where the prior, in addition to having a full support, is required to assign a substantial probability near the origin to capture flat parts of the true function of interest. A precise quantification of the mass-shifting phenomenon for both the prior and the posterior, characterizing the role of the dimension as well as the dependence, is provided under a variety of correlation structures. Without further modification, we show that truncated normal priors are not suitable for modeling flat regions and propose a novel alternative strategy based on shrinking the coordinates using a multiplicative scale parameter. The proposed shrinkage prior is shown to achieve optimal posterior contraction around true functions with potentially flat regions. Synthetic and real data studies demonstrate how the modification guards against the mass shifting phenomenon while retaining computational efficiency. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

Analysis of the state and efficiency of the functioning of agroformations under modern conditions

The article substantiates the theoretical foundations of the development of agricultural formations and their influence on the development of rural areas. It was determined that the functioning of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of market relations is very complex and long-term in financial and credit terms. Inadequate state support for agriculture, slows down the development of reforms and has little experience of working in market conditions, all this creates negative trends in the development of the country's agriculture. As a result, there is a reduction in the production of agricultural products and the moral wear and tear of fixed assets. The purpose of the article is to identify positive trends and restraining factors in the development of agricultural formations and their impact on the development of rural areas; identification of positive trends and restraining factors in the development of modern agrarian formations and their further development; development of scientific proposals regarding promising directions and organizational forms of agro-industrial formations that can be successful in the conditions of modern challenges and threats. The significant obstacle to the successful development and functioning of the agricultural sector in Ukraine is the imperfection of normative and legal measures regarding the country's agrarian policy. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a legislative framework that will be able to protect the interests of agricultural producers by making changes to it. The specificity of the functioning of the organizational and legal mechanisms supporting the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine today is the lack of full financial support for the laws that are being adopted. Non-implementation of adopted laws and other legal acts is already observed, that is, low executive discipline on the part of state authorities. It is substantiated that the priority direction of innovative activity in the agricultural sector is the introduction of the most promising agricultural technologies and, based on them, increasing productivity with the aim of reducing the unit cost of production and strengthening competitiveness on the domestic and global markets. Scientific proposals have been developed regarding promising directions and organizational forms of integrated agro-industrial formations that can be successful in the conditions of modern challenges and threats, as well as satisfy the economic and social interests of their subjects. Keywords: agricultural formation, innovations, innovative development, competitiveness, financial and credit relations, export

Abstract 14198: Implementing an Effective Standardized Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Protocol for Golf Courses

Introduction: A golf course is the fifth most common public place for cardiac arrest (CA). Currently, no standardized protocol exists for bystander CPR in the event of full CA on a golf course. Informal interviews with golfers and golf course personnel strongly suggest incomplete and variable knowledge about what to do in accordance with most current guidelines. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that development and use of a standardized protocol for the three most critical first steps to assure a person’s survival of an on-golf course CA, including calling 911, initiating high quality bystander CPR with guideline based chest compressions and early defibrillation with a standardized automated external defibrillator (AED) will improve chances of surviving if playing partners, caddies and club staff are well prepared to respond urgently to such an emergency. Methods: We created a four-panel laminated infographic designed to fit easily into every golfer’s bag, assuring a readily available “911-CPR-AED” guide for lay bystanders to initiate chest compressions, notifying the Golf Shop Personnel for getting an AED and any BLS certified persons out to arrest site as fast as possible to deliver defibrillation, and simultaneously readying the golf course grounds crew to meet the arriving rescue ambulance at the front entrance to the course and escorting them quickly and safely out to the CA site. All aspects of this process were shared and approved by leaders of the closest Emergency Medical System (EMS) and hospital emergency department (ED). Results: We simulated with all key stakeholders a full on-course cardiac arrest and 911 call to EMS in accordance with the infographic protocol, including victim resuscitation of a standard CPR mannikin and onsite rescue by paramedics. Bystander CPR was immediately initiated, AED delivered at 3 minutes, ambulance arrival at 6 minutes and full advanced cardiac life support delivered at this time with return of blood pressure. EMS loaded the victim into the ambulance at 12 minutes and was escorted back to the front entrance of the course and then to the local ED. The 911-CPR-AED infographic has now been distributed to all golfers, caddies and staff. Conclusion: An effective, standard bystander CPR protocol now exists for use at any US golf course.

Soviet Aggression in Afghanistan (1979–1989) and American – Pakistan Relanions

The impact of the Soviet aggression in Afghanistan in 1979–1989 on US–Pakistan relations on the basis of predominantly American-Pakistani documents and memoirs has been examined in the article. Soviet intervention in Afghanistan led to the deterioration of Soviet-American relations, the curtailment of “détente” and the escalation of the Cold War. One manifestation of this was the United States’ full support for the Afghan opposition. The USA needed Pakistan as allies in this policy but it was sandwiched between Soviet-occupied Afghanistan and unfriendly India, so it needed reliable allies. In addition, the Afghan opposition parties’ headquarters, Mujahedeen training camps were located in Pakistan with almost 3 million settled refugees. The USA and Pakistan were mutually interested in close cooperation.
 The conditionality of changing the format of US-Pakistani relations by the civil war in Afghanistan and the involvement of the USSR on the side of the ruling People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan have been proved. The relations between the USA and Pakistan in the 1980s developed in two directions: official and covert but under the Afghan crisis influence the United States gave in to its principles. Despite the dictatorial regime, violation of the conditions of nuclear non-proliferation the USA has significantly expanded its military-technical and economic assistance to Pakistan. This significantly strengthened the country's defense capabilities and position of M. Ziyaul-Haq’s regime and Pakistan has become in general one of the main allies of the USA in their support of the Afghan crisis opposition. The secret cooperation between the CIA and the Pakistani Interagency Intelligence in financing and supplying military property to the Afghan Mujahedeen, providing them with intelligence, assisting in the production and dissemination of propaganda materials was important. This had a marked effect on the Afghan war outbreak, greatly strengthened the Mujahedeen’s ability to resist Soviet troops, and significantly increased the disastrous consequences of the Afghan adventure for the USSR. After the Soviet troops’ withdrawal from Afghanistan, Pakistan lost strategic importance to the USA, and most programs of US-Pakistani cooperation were curtailed.

Calliblepharis yasutakei sp. nov. and Hypnea tsudae sp. nov. (Cystocloniaceae, Rhodophyta): novel diversity from the Hawaiian Islands

Surveys of Hawaiian macroalgae over the past 15 years have yielded numerous specimens representing species new to science. Calliblepharis yasutakei sp. nov. is here described based on a plant collected at a depth of 98 m from Kapou, Papahânaumokuâkea Marine National Monument, Hawaiʻi. Phylogenetic analyses of three molecular markers (COI, rbcL, and SSU) and analyses of morphological features were used to describe the new species in the family Cystocloniaceae. Calliblepharis yasutakei sp. nov. grouped with C. fimbriata, C. rammediorum, C. occidentalis and C. jolyi in a clade with full support for the rbcL analysis, representing a distinct lineage within the genus. Phylogenetic and vegetative morphological comparisons demonstrated that the new Hawaiian species is most closely related to C. rammediorum from Israel (rbcL similarity of 96.3%), although no female reproductive structures were found to allow a more comprehensive comparison. In order to determine whether C. yasutakei represents the first confirmed report of the genus Calliblepharis in the Hawaiian Islands, phylogenetic and morphological analysis of the Hawaiian Hypnea saidana (=Calliblepharis saidana) specimen accessioned at the Bernice P. Bishop Museum was performed. These analyses demonstrated that this specimen belongs to a new species in the genus Hypnea, which is here described as H. tsudae sp. nov. C. yasutakei, in addition to being a new species, is also reported as the first confirmed record of the genus Calliblepharis in the Hawaiian archipelago, and the description of H. tsudae brings the number of species for this genus in Hawaiʻi to eight.

The Dutch fisheries sector and the North Sea Accord: Unpacking stakeholder participation in multi-levelled marine governance

Integrated, participatory forms of marine governance can form a basis of stakeholder support on which to base increasingly complex marine planning efforts, in the EU and beyond. Yet such stakeholder support is often the product of a constellation of external factors at the local, national and international level as well as of the internal organisation of a given interest group. This paper presents a qualitative study of an outlier case, examining the question why the Dutch fisheries sector was the only involved interest group which was unable to give its full support to the 2020 North Sea Accord. Through in-depth, semi-structured interviews with participants in the Dutch North Sea Accord negotiation, ratification and implementation process as well as with representatives of local fisheries organisations, the authors identified crucial factors which contributed to the division within the sector over the ratification of the Accord. Such factors include perceived inconsistencies in the double closure to conventional fisheries of both wind parks and marine protected areas, disagreements over the practical aspects of the transition fund and the decommissioning scheme, and varying degrees in which Brexit influenced local fisheries organisations. More fundamentally, a parallel, equally multileveled division within the Dutch fisheries sector over the desirability of participatory marine governance at the national level was identified. Such findings demonstrate the importance of understanding not just a given (marine) policymaking process, but also participants therein, in their own multileveled context, in order to explain a particular policy outcome or functioning of a given marine governance structure.

Efektivitas Peran Audit Internal Dalam Pencegahan Fraud

Fraud is still a problem in various sectors in Indonesia, both private and non-private companies, even though it is within the scope of government. The existence of an internal control system is not enough to help the company to fortify the organization from fraud. The purpose of this study is to determine the stages of implementing an effective internal audit for fraud prevention as well as matters that need to be considered by internal audit to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of internal audit for fraud prevention. The research method used is qualitative with a literature review approach because this approach can provide an overview for researchers related to the development of topics regarding the role of internal audit and prevention of fraud. Sources of data used in this study is secondary data. The results of this study are the stages that must be carried out by internal audit so that fraud prevention is the planning stage, testing stage and monitoring of follow-up audits. In order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the role of internal audit, the organization can make the internal audit department independent, have full support from top management, and have competent, professional resources with high integrity and loyalty.

Plastome phylogenomic analysis reveals evolutionary divergences of Polypodiales suborder Dennstaedtiineae

BackgroundPolypodiales suborder Dennstaedtiineae contain a single family Dennstaedtiaceae, eleven genera, and about 270 species, and include some groups that were previously placed in Dennstaedtiaceae, Hypolepidaceae, Monachosoraceae, and Pteridaceae. The classification and phylogenetic relationships among these eleven genera have been poorly understood. To explore the deep relationships within suborder Dennstaedtiineae and estimate the early diversification of this morphologically heterogeneous group, we analyzed complete plastomes of 57 samples representing all eleven genera of suborder Dennstaedtiineae using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference.ResultsThe phylogenetic relationships of all the lineages in the bracken fern family Dennstaedtiaceae were well resolved with strong support values. All six genera of Hypolepidoideae were recovered as forming a monophyletic group with full support, and Pteridium was fully supported as sister to all the other genera in Hypolepidoideae. Dennstaedtioideae (Dennstaedtia s.l.) fell into four clades with full support: the Microlepia clade, the northern Dennstaedtia clade, the Dennstaedtia globulifera clade, and the Dennstaedtia s.s. clade. Monachosorum was strongly resolved as sister to all the remaining genera of suborder Dennstaedtiineae. Based on the well resolved relationships among genera, the divergence between Monachosorum and other groups of suborder Dennstaedtiineae was estimated to have occurred in the Early Cretaceous, and all extant genera (and clades) in Dennstaedtiineae, were inferred to have diversified since the Late Oligocene.ConclusionThis study supports reinstating a previously published family Monachosoraceae as a segregate from Dennstaedtiaceae, based on unique morphological evidence, the shady habitat, and the deep evolutionary divergence from its closest relatives.

The Taal Volcano Eruption and Landfall of Super Typhoon Odette: A Dilogy of Disasters in the Philippines, An Abstract on the Response Strategies of Dr. Jose N. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital and Sanitarium-Philippine Emergency Medical Assistance Team (DJNRMHS PEMAT) for the TAAL and DINAGAT Missions in the Years 2020 and 2021

Background/Introduction:The country’s location makes it vulnerable to natural disasters, hence, the PEMAT’s potential was tested during local disaster response for Taal Volcano Eruption in Batangas last January 2020 and during the aftermath of Super Typhoon Odette in Dinagat Islands last December 2021, amidst COVID-19 surge.Objectives:The primary objective of the deployment was to augment the DOH in the provision of safe, effective, and efficient quality health care services appropriate to the victims’ needs, timely, and coordinated mobilization of DJNRMHS PEMAT, and to evaluate the knowledge and skills acquired in the EMT Basic induction course in disaster response.Method/Description:As per WHO standards, disaster responses conducted by the DJNRMHS PEMAT followed three important phases: pre-mobilization, mobilization, and post-mobilization. The methods used during these phases in Taal and Dinagat missions were the simulation of drills and application of didactics learnt from the EMT Basic Induction Course for Disaster Response conducted by the DOH in collaboration with WHO in 2019.Results/Outcomes:The essential services rendered by DJNRMHS PEMAT, ensuring patient and responder safety despite being at the height of COVID-19 surge, were out-patient, acute emergency, trauma and basic obstetric care, basic laboratory, social welfare, public health, and pharmaceutical to 1,124 victims in the Taal Eruption and 1,089 victims of Typhoon Odette.Conclusion:Safe and effective delivery of quality health care services by PEMAT, a team equipped with knowledge and skills acquired through mentorship, can be achieved with thorough planning, setting of mission objectives, and most importantly, having full support from the management and all stakeholders.

Cigarette Smoking and Asthma

Cigarette smoking is a well-know health hazard, probably not least for patients suffering from asthma. This review gives a short overview concerning the effects of passive and active smoking on the inception and outcome with regard to longitudinal changes in lung function and mortality for patients with asthma. Substantial evidence suggests that smoking affects asthma adversely. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in children, especially maternal smoking, may be a significant risk factor for asthma. Environmental tobacco exposure in patients with established asthma is not only associated with more severe symptoms, but also with lower quality of life, reduced lung function, and increased health care utilisation for asthma, including hospital admissions. Active smoking appears not to be a significant risk factor for asthma, but it is associated with worse outcome with regard to both longitudinal changes in lung function and asthma-related mortality. Based on the current knowledge, it therefore seems of utmost importance to encourage patients with asthma not to smoke. In line with this, patients with asthma should be given full support in their right to a smoke-free environment.

Initiatives and Challenges of The Kampus Mengajar Program to Pursue Freedom to Learn

This study is aimed at exploring the implementation of Kampus Mengajar to pursue the freedom to learn. Kampus Mengajar is a national program as a part of the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia. This program is to help schools solve their problems and make improvements in the disruptive era, especially during the COVID-19 outbreak by sending university students to targeted schools all over Indonesia. The research involved the participants of the Kampus Mengajar program in a private elementary school in Jakarta. Data were obtained from the interview and document analysis to find out the initiatives and the challenges of conducting the program. The data were analyzed qualitatively. The findings show that to help schools, the participants planned various initiatives during the program. The main challenges of implementing the initiatives include teachers’ passive participation and lack of school facilities. It can be concluded that the Kampus Mengajar program contributes to pursuing the freedom to learn at school. However, to overcome the problems and make continuous improvements, it is not enough to count on the participants of the Kampus Mengajar program. It needs the school principal's full support and teachers’ commitment to making changes.

Montessori Approach to Preschool Education: The Case of Educare Program in Naga City

The study was conducted to describe the Montessori approach to preschool education in the case of the Educare program in Naga City. It was geared towards determining the extent of compliance of the Educare program to the Montessori standards in terms of the prepared environment, methods, outcomes, and institutional support. Mixed methods were employed to describe and analyze the compliance of the Educare program with the standards of the Montessori approach. The respondents were the 42 Educare teachers in Naga City and were determined through Random Sampling. The main instruments used were the survey questionnaire, observation tool, checklist, and interview guide in data gathering and analyzed through frequency counting, getting the percentage, and weighted mean. Findings of the study show that the compliance of the Educare program of Naga City was in a “Standard” of the Montessori approach in the prepared environment. The observation in methods garnered a rating of “Satisfactorily,” and the outcomes of Montessori education in sensorial and culture education obtained a “Highest percentage.” The institutional support mainly affected the performance of the Educare program, and it was aligned with the Montessori approach. It is recommended that collaboration from all stakeholders and the school personnel be sustained and strengthened to provide full support by allocating budget funds to improve the existing Educare program that would encourage the support of the community, stakeholders, and parents to achieve optimum success not just in terms of academic but building the social aspect of the learners. Keywords: Early childhood education, Montessori standards, Educare compliance, Mixed method, Philippines

The Effect of the BI Rate on Total Islamic Bank Financing in Indonesia for the 2014-2020 Period with Third Party Funds (TPF) as Moderating Variables

Indonesia's global sharia economic map growth can be seen in the Global Islamic Economy Indicator ranking. However, Islamic banks did not develop by the ideals of the scholars. Policymakers must prioritize the development of the Islamic finance industry to encourage economic growth. Banking as a financial institution that is very much needed by the community must be given full support so that small communities can quickly obtain capital. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the BI Rate on the total financing of Islamic Commercial Banks for 2014-2021, with TPF as a moderating variable. This study uses a quantitative method of secondary data from the BUS annual report published on the bank's official website during the 2014-2015 period. The data technique used in this study is a descriptive analysis of the classical assumption test. The results showed that the BI Rate did not significantly affect the total financing of Islamic commercial banks. In contrast, third-party funds with the total financing of Islamic commercial banks showed a significant relationship. Meanwhile, the influence of the BI Rate on Islamic commercial bank financing was moderated by third-party funds.

Attitudes towards mandatory vaccinations during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria

Abstract Background Vaccinations are an essential public health strategy to control preventable diseases. A much-discussed approach to increase coverage is mandatory vaccination; however, its legitimacy and effectiveness were put to question during the COVID-19 pandemic. As of March 1,2022, Bulgaria had one of Europe's lowest immunization coverage rates against COVID-19. Only 29.3% of Bulgarians had completed COVID-19 vaccination, compared to 71% in the EU and EEA, and the country ranked last in number of booster doses (9.9% vs 51.4 %). This study aims to investigate the public's attitudes toward proposed mandatory COVID-19 vaccination and toward the long-standing mandatory child immunization schedule in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2022 using a self-administered anonymous questionnaire to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, vaccination status and attitudes toward mandatory vaccination to COVID-19 and the mandatory childhood immunization schedule. Results Out of 1433 reached respondents, 1200(84%) completed the survey. The largest relative share of respondents is between 35-44y-33.3%; 72.7% were women; mainly highly educated (50.8%), and vaccinated participants (59.3%). There is a significant and large difference between vaccinated and unvaccinated regarding the full support of mandatory COVID vaccinations (46.1% vs 1.8%), and regarding mandatory child vaccinations (77.9% vs 50.4%). Mandatory childhood vaccination schedules are supported by 88.7% of those in favor of obligatory COVID-19 vaccinations and 56% of those who oppose them (p < 0.001). Significance is preserved after adjustment for vaccination status. Conclusions Public health authorities need to develop well-organized vaccination campaigns in which accurate evidence-based information is adequately disseminated with respect to individuals’ autonomy. More research on the determinants of vaccination attitudes in Bulgaria is necessary. Key messages

Implementation of Guru Penggerak Program Batch 6 in Gresik

This study aims to Implementation of Guru Penggerak Program Batch 6 in Gresik, supporting and inhibiting factors. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this research finds calon guru penggerak, pengajar praktik, and fasilitator who are selected purposively. Data analysis with interactive techniques, namely data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusions. Test the validity of the data with the method and source triangulation technique. The results of the research analysis used the theory of Edward III. The results show that communication is done by socializing. In terms of human resources, the number is still limited, the budget for resources and facilities is adequate. In the aspect of disposition, the central and local governments provide full support for the implementation of the PGP. while on the structural aspect, BPGP employees have a special structure to implement PGP. The supporting factors for the implementation of PGP are the participation of the central and local governments, the commitment and competence of human resources in teacher training, supporting facilities and infrastructure, and coordination of implementers. The inhibiting factors are the lack of human resources, and the difficulty of signaling.

DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF THE CITYJSON ENERGY EXTENSION FOR SPACE HEATING DEMAND CALCULATION

Abstract. 3D city models are frequently used to acquire and store energy-related information of buildings for energy applications. In this context, CityGML is the most common data model, and the Energy ADE, one of its most complex extensions, provides a systematic way of storing detailed energy-related data in XML format. Contrarily, even though CityGML’s JSON-based encoding, CityJSON, has an extension mechanism, an energy-related CityJSON Extension is missing. This paper, therefore, presents the first results of the development of a CityJSON Energy Extension and space heating demand calculation is utilized as the use case. The simplified version of the Energy ADE, called the Energy ADE KIT profile, is used to create a semi-direct translation to the CityJSON Energy Extension. This Extension is then validated through the official validator of CityJSON and the use case, and improvements are made considering the validation results. The space heating demand is calculated according to the Dutch standard NTA 8800 for a subset of Rijssen-Holten in the Netherlands although the solar gains calculation requires further review. The results show that the final CityJSON Energy Extension provides full support for space heating demand calculations based on the NTA 8800 and eliminates the deep hierarchical structure of the Energy ADE. A comparison on CityJSON file sizes shows a 25.2 MB increase after the required input data is stored in a CityJSON + Energy Extension file, which is not significant considering the high amount of data stored in the file. Overall, this paper shows that the CityJSON Energy Extension could provide an easy-to-use alternative to the CityGML Energy ADE.