Full Absorption Research Articles

Trimetallic Prussian blue analogue derived FeCo/FeCoNi@NPC composites for highly efficient microwave absorption

Recently, Prussian blue analogues (PBA) have emerged as attractive precursors or templates for the construction of porous carbon-based microwave absorption (MA) materials because of their open framework, tunable components and mild synthesis conditions. Herein, for the first time, trimetallic FeCoNi-PBA nanocubes are introduced as precursors, and then a novel core-shell structured composites, in which FeCo and FeCoNi alloy nanoparticles are uniformly encapsulated in N-doped porous carbon (FeCo/FeCoNi@NPC), are successfully synthesized via a pyrolysis process. Benefiting from the strong synergetic effects among multiple components (FeCo, FeCoNi alloys and N-doped carbon species) and the hierarchical porous structure, the absorber exhibits significantly enhanced MA performance in comparison with FeNi@NPC and FeCo@NPC derived from bimetallic PBAs. Impressively, the minimum reflection loss (RL) is up to −67 dB at 14.7 GHz with a thin thickness of 1.91 mm, and the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) reaches 6.24 GHz, covering the whole Ku-band. When the thickness is 2.05 mm, the maximum EAB of 6.6 GHz can be obtained. In particular, the absorber can also achieve full absorption of X-band at 2.68 mm. More importantly, the multi-metallic PBA derivation strategy sheds new light on development of lightweight carbon-based absorbers with high performance, low cost and easy synthesis.

A new black to highly transmissive switching bilayer polymer composite films with electroactive pEA as a color buffer layer for improving electrochromic stability

AbstractTwo reported D‐A‐D monomers based on 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) were selected for electrochemical copolymerization to obtain copolymer film, named pRG. Then, a soluble polymer poly[3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene‐alt‐3,4‐bis([2‐ethylhexyl]oxy)thiophene] (pEA) based on the EDOT derivative was screened out, which is complementary to the absorption trough of the pRG film in visible region and matched with its working potential. The bilayer composite film pRG/pEA was obtained by spinning pEA basement membrane on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass surface, and then in situ electrochemical polymerization of pRG film. Compared to the pRG monolayer film, the bilayer composite film shows a more saturated black color in the neutral state and significant improvement on cyclic stability (only decreased by 1.7% after 250 cycles, while pRG film decreased by 17.1%). The introduction of pEA buffer layer not only achieves the full spectral absorption of the composite film in the visible region, but also significantly improves the cyclic stability of the bilayer composite film. The assembled EC prototype device based on the pRG/pEA composite film exhibits a “black to high transmission” reversible switch. Finally, this method combining electrochemical copolymerization, spin‐coating, lamination and other methods provides a new research idea for designing and preparing black to transmissive electrochromic materials.

Photothermal catalytic oxidation of toluene with enhanced efficiency over constructed CuMn2O4/Mn2O3 heterojunction catalyst

Photothermal catalyst oxidation of VOCs is a hot issue in the air purifier field due to the reducing of secondary energy consumption. Herein, we reported a photothermal catalyst CuMn2O4/Mn2O3 with heterojunction for catalytic oxidizing toluene with high efficiency through sol–gel method followed different calcination temperature. Under the irradiation of 700 mW/cm2 Xe lamp simulated sun light, the CuMn2O4/Mn2O3 catalyst exhibited excellent full spectrum light absorption capacity, photo-thermal conversion ability and toluene conversion performance with a 90% toluene conversion (T = 233 °C, WHSV = 30,000 mL/g·h), together with a good catalytic stability. The excellent performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of abundant oxygen vacancies, Mn3+ active sites and heterojunctions between CuMn2O4 and Mn2O3 due to the XPS, H2-TPR, UPS characterizations.

Rearing Environment during the Endogenous Feeding Stage of Acipenser baerii.

Simple SummaryIn commercial hatcheries it is a common practice to rear Siberian sturgeon larvae in bare bottom tanks. Little is known about the impact of the presence of a rearing substrate during early life stages in this species. Our study aimed at comparing two different substrates (two types of Bioballs) with no substrate at all, in terms of growth, lipid metabolism, muscle development, and stress status, during the endogenous feeding stage of Siberian sturgeon. Our results suggest that the presence of a specific substrate may have positive effects in terms of growth, but it would seem important to also extend this study to the exogenous feeding stages in order to verify the mixed effect of feed and substrate on Siberian sturgeon larvae.The aim of this study was to evaluate behaviour, growth, lipid composition, muscle development, and stress status of Siberian sturgeon larvae reared with two types of substrate: Bioballs1 (BB1) and Bioballs2 (BB2), when compared to no substrate (CTR). Sampling points were: hatching (T0), schooling (T1), and yolk-sac full absorption (T2). BB1 larvae were less active and showed no schooling behaviour. At T1 and at T2, BB1 larvae showed a significantly higher weight and total length than larvae reared in either CTR or BB2 (p < 0.05). The lipid content of larvae decreased over time, with little relevant differences between groups. At T2, total muscle area, slow muscle area and fast muscle area were significantly higher in larvae reared in BB1 (p < 0.05). No significant differences in muscle proliferation were found between groups. Real Time PCR was used for evaluating the relative expression of a pool of genes: myod, myog, mrf4, igf2, hsp70, hsp90a, hsp90b, and glut2. The expression of these genes did not seem to be much affected by the type of rearing substrate, except for myog and hsp70 at T1, which was greater in BB2 larvae. Our data suggest that the presence of a substrate during this developmental period seems to have positive effects but further studies would be necessary during the exogenous feeding stage.

Geometrically necessary dislocation fingerprints of dislocation loop absorption at grain boundaries

We present a numerical methodology to compute the Nye-tensor fingerprints of dislocation loop absorption at grain boundaries (GBs) for comparison with TEM observations of irradiated polycrystals. Our approach links atomistic simulations of self-interstitial atom (SIA) prismatic loops gliding toward and interacting with GBs in body-centered cubic iron with experimentally extracted geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) maps to facilitate the interpretation of damage processes. The Nye-tensor analysis is strongly mesh-size dependent---corresponding to resolution-dependent TEM observations. The method computes GND fingerprints from discretized dislocation line segments extracted from molecular dynamics simulations of dislocation loops being absorbed at a GB. Specifically, we perform MD simulation of prismatic loops of two diameters and monitor the three stages of the absorption process: loop glide, the partial, and full absorption of the loops at a [1 0 0] symmetric tilt GB. These methods provide a framework for future investigations of the nature of defect absorption by grain boundaries under irradiation conditions.

Study on modified MXene to increase the stability and decontamination properties of biomass-based antifreeze foam detergent

In order to solve the problems of poor stability and low decontamination efficiency of foam detergent in the process of removing surface radioactive contamination in a low-temperature environment, MXene (Ti3C2Tx) was prepared by LiF/HCl etching, the MXene was modified by hydroxylation to obtain Alk-MXene, and the Alk-MXene was hydrophobically modified by octadecylamine (ODA) to obtain Alk-MXene@ODA. MXene, Alk-MXene, and Alk-MXene@ODA were characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, BET, and a contact angle measuring instrument. The effects of the addition of Alk-MXene@ODA on the foam stability, foaming ability of the foam detergent, foam liquid-film thickness, liquid-film decay rate, viscosity at the same shear rate, and spraying and wall-hanging properties were investigated. The decontamination properties of the Alk-MXene@ODA-stabilized biomass-based antifreeze foam detergent were also investigated. The results show that Alk-MXene has a large interlayer spacing, a large specific surface area, and abundant –OH on its surface. Alk-MXene exhibits full absorption of water, and the hydrophobicity of Alk-MXene@ODA after graft modification with ODA increased and the wetting contact angle increased to 89.07°. Via Alk-MXene@ODA synergistic foam stabilization, the drainage half-life of the foam increased from 40.81 min to 66.89 min, the average thickness of the foam liquid film increased from 47.065 µm to 53.162 µm, the liquid-film decay rate reduced from 0.956 µm/min to 0.544 µm/min, and the viscosity of the foam detergent solution increased at different shear rates. The foam detergent is sprayable, and the wall-hanging time can reach 80 min on a vertical tile surface. At −10 °C, the α decontamination factors of the Alk-MXene@ODA-stabilized biomass-based antifreeze foam detergent on glass, painted board, ceramic tile, and stainless steel were improved by 23.89, 23.77, 23.01, and 22.53, the β decontamination factors were improved by 15.48, 17.12, 15.03, and 14.42, respectively, relative to ordinary foam. The adsorption and coordination of uranyl ions with Alk-MXene@ODA promoted the improvement in the decontamination factor of the foam detergent. Alk-MXene@ODA combined with biomass-based antifreeze foam detergent can achieve dual functions of stabilizing foam and increasing decontamination efficiency. Biomass-based antifreeze foam detergent with increased stability and decontamination efficiency by Alk-MXene@ODA can efficiently and quickly remove surface radioactive contamination in a low-temperature environment.

UNIVERSAL EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY OF IHEPNP NSC KIPT FOR RESEARCH OF HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRON BEAM INTERACTION WITH THIN AMORPHOUS AND SINGLE-CRYSTAL STRUCTURES

The description and bench test results of the developed universal experimental facility [1] are presented. It mounted at the direct beam line of IHEPNP NSC KIPT 30 MeV Linac for the fundamental and applied research of high energy electron interaction with amorphous and single-crystal structures. The universal facility consists of the following structural elements and systems: electron beam transportation system; electron beam parameters formation and measurement, secondary electron emission monitor (SEM); electron beam full absorption Faraday cups (FC), collimators, goniometrical device system and magnetic energy analyzer.

The Bhagavad-Gītā: A Critical Introduction ed. by Ithamar Theodor

Reviewed by: The Bhagavad-Gītā: A Critical Introduction ed. by Ithamar Theodor Keya Maitra (bio) The Bhagavad-Gītā: A Critical Introduction. Edited by Ithamar Theodor. London: Routledge, 2020. Pp. xix+ 172. Paper $39.16, ISBN 978-0-367556-37-2. Bhagavad-gītā: A Critical Introduction is a collection of ten original chapters authored by nine scholars of the Gītā. While no single theme runs through all the chapters, they all revolve around the hermeneutics of the Gītā, especially in the exegetical and commentarial traditions. The first three chapters focus on the questions of structure of the text, both in terms of its organizational form and the coherence of its content. Chapters 4 through 6 focus on the Gītā's commentarial and exegetical history especially within the Vaiṣṇava tradition. Chapters 7 through 9 focus on the socio-religious and cultural impacts of the Gītā that expand the scope of its influences. Finally, chapter 10 brings the focus back to structure by its innovative proposal that the epithet "Acyuta" which Arjuna uses to refer to Kṛṣṇa at three critical junctures of the text functions to frame the structure of Arjuna's journey in the Gītā. In the process of delineating these themes, novel metaphors are introduced, longstanding scholarly conjectures are challenged, and refreshing framings are proposed. Ithamar Theodor, the editor of the volume as well as the author of the first two chapters, identifies "the discussion of the Gītā's structure" as the central theme of the opening chapters (p. xiii). He uses his metaphor of a "three-story house" to capture what he takes to be the Gītā's "three-tier concept of reality intertwined with a transformational ethical ladder" (p. 17). While the lower floor of Theodor's three-story house contains the human life of our everyday experience, the intermediary second floor supports one's efforts to relinquish worldly life to seek the state of liberation. And the topmost third floor "represents full absorption in the liberated state" (p. 18). Further, Theodor imagines this house to feature a ladder guiding its residents from the first floor to the second, and from the second to the third, thus capturing his hermeneutical quest for simplicity, coherence, and consistency in the Gītā. Theodor uses the imagery of a ladder's structure not only to describe the Gītā's textual organization but also the structure of some of its central concepts such as the three yogas and guṇas. As he writes, "The Bhagavad-gītā suggests a gradual elevation, by which one raises oneself from a lower guṇa to a higher [End Page 1] one…when one adheres to dharma by being motivated by some ulterior motives, one is considered to be governed by the two lower guṇas, but when one is able to rise to the guṇa of goodness, one practices following dharma for its own sake, in a disinterested manner, with no desire for its fruit" (p. 9). I find this use of the ladder structure in the context of guṇas problematic. Following the Gītā's conceptual scheme, we might take the guṇas to constitute everything and, further, to constitute the nature of a person such that their caste assignment determines the appropriateness of certain duties. Then the way one performs one's duties--i.e., whether "being motivated by some ulterior motives" (p. 9), or for the sake of the dharma--cannot be a matter of climbing the ladder of the guṇas. Offering an account of the uninterrupted significance of the Gītā for the Hindu philosophical and religious traditions by engaging with its exegetical history, Sharma's "Bhagavad-gītā: Its Philosophy and Interpretation" argues against two diachronic perceptions popular in the Gītā scholarship. First is the interpretation of the Bhagavad-gītā as a "source text of jñāna-yoga (through Śaṅkara in ancient India), of bhakti-yoga (through Rāmānuja in medieval India) and finally of karma-yoga (through B.G. Tilak in modern India)" as succeeding each other diachronically (p. 41). This is a popular...

DETECTING AND DISPLAYING ENERGY FROM SKIN CANCER LESIONS: COMPARISON OF POST BIOPSY SKIN CANCER SCABS WITH NORMAL SKIN INJURY SCABS. A BIOPHYSICS APPROACH

The purpose of this manuscript is to introduce via an established tabletop microscopy technique a comparison between electromagnetic energy (EMR) emitted by skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tumors scab tissue and their normal counterparts. The same methodology was used for both groups. Mature scab samples of post biopsy SCC lesions and normal skin scabs were exposed to liquid Potassium Ferricyanide (K3Fe) on a glass slide. K3Fe has the property of “full absorption” of incoming EMRs there is a temporary delay in the advancing evaporation while forming crystals resembling periodic organized semicircles delineate the incoming energy. Living tissue, whether normal or diseased has metabolism that entails electron transfers in both plants (photosynthesis) and animals (cellular respiration) involving movement of electrons from donor to acceptor along the electron transfer chain thus inducing a current within each cell and from cell to cell. This energy is totally absorbed by K3Fe crystals. In Vitro experiments are presented showing disrupted energy emitted by SCC scabs failing short of reaching the tissue sample; a visual “Gap” in EMR was documented in both SCC samples. Conversely in scabs from normal tissue no “Gap” in continuity was seen. Based on results from duplicate experiments supports erratic EMR emissions from SCC scabs when compared with normal tissue scabs. Additionally, small-detached cancer scabs fragments demonstrated energy emissions not seen in normal tissue.

Graphitic carbon nitride-based upconversion photocatalyst for hydrogen production and water purification

Upconversion luminescence (UCL) is mainly a nonlinear optical method that some engineered nanomaterials can attain and helps in the transformation of low energy phonons (near-infrared photons) into higher energy phonons (ultraviolet (UV) and visible light photons). Upconversion (UC) nanomaterials are a suitable candidate for preparing near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive photocatalytic systems by mixing with other photocatalysts. Many reports have been published on lanthanide-based UC materials (Ln3+ ions as dopants) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) carrying UC property with their use in photocatalytic removal of pollutants and energy production. Besides these UC nanomaterials, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as a potential photocatalyst (metal-free and ecofriendly) has gained attention owing to its unique and amazing possessions. But some limitations and inadequate utilization of visible light restrict its photocatalytic applicability. Therefore, to enhance or widen its light-harvesting property towards the NIR region, the integration of upconversion nanocrystals (UC NCs) into g-C3N4 is considered an effective approach. Thus, the present review is focused on the amalgamation of g-C3N4 with UC nanomaterials for full solar spectrum absorption in H2 production and pollutant degradation via NIR light absorption.

Characteristics of uranium hydride bed for fusion fuel cycle: Hydrogen and deuterium absorption

Metal hydride beds will become essential components in the tritium plant for the safe handling and processing of tritium gases in nuclear fusion machines. Korea has been developing metal hydride beds focusing on robustness, reliability, and longevity. In this study, the authors designed an improved uranium hydride bed and fabricated an experimental bed with a storage capacity equivalent to 70 g of tritium based on our previous research efforts. We investigated the hydrogen and deuterium absorption characteristics of the experimental bed. After uranium was successfully activated by hydrogen, absorption performance experiments based on various operational conditions in the tritium plant were conducted. Full capacity absorption was performed with a different initial temperature of uranium and the time and rate for absorption were analyzed. We found that the different absorption rates between hydrogen and deuterium are related to the difference in equilibrium pressure between uranium hydride and uranium deuteride. These experimental results will be the basis of the operation mode development and performance reference for the uranium hydride bed in the fusion fuel cycle.

A Magnetically Actuated Novel Robotic Capsule for Site-Specific Drug Delivery Inside the Gastrointestinal Tract

In this study, a novel magnetically actuated robotic capsule (patent-filed, Alici and Zhou, 2019) is proposed for site-specific drug delivery inside the gastrointestinal tract. Retractable needles are equipped into the capsule-like robot to inject the drug directly into intended tissues, which will contribute to the full and fast absorption of the medication and consequently increase the efficacy of drug delivery. The needle is concealed inside the capsule initially and can be actively protruded and retracted by a magnetic membrane. A second magnetic membrane is employed to discharge the drug out of the reservoir and inject it into the targeted tissue through the needle. Besides active drug releasing, the robotic capsule is able to perform active locomotion controlled by an external magnet wirelessly. Theoretical and experimental analyses were conducted to characterize the magnetic membranes for the selections of these batteries-less soft actuators for wireless in-body drug injection. Both locomotion and drug injection tests were successfully performed with the prototypes inside the samples of the porcine small intestine, which validated the feasibility of the proposed drug delivery system.

Synthesis of Fe3O4@CdS@CQDs ternary core–shell heterostructures as a magnetically recoverable photocatalyst for selective alcohol oxidation coupled with H2O2 production

Photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of aromatic alcohols to corresponding aldehydes coupled with producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) represents one of the most efficient strategies for converting solar energy into chemical energy. In this work, a magnetically recoverable photocatalyst of Fe3O4@CdS@CQDs ternary core–shell heterostructures is elaborately fabricated through the hydrothermal growth of CdS on Fe3O4 nanospheres with in-situ incorporation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and used for selective alcohol oxidation coupled with H2O2 production. The Fe3O4@CdS@CQDs photocatalyst possess distinct advantages of full solar spectral absorption, efficient charge separation, and high stability. The Fe3O4-nanosphere cores not only endow photocatalyst with the characteristics of magnetic recovery but also form Fe3O4@CdS Z-scheme heterojunction to prevent CdS from photocorrosion. The in-situ modified CQDs act as charge mediators to accelerate the photogenerated electron-hole separation and afford active sites to facilitate H2O2 production. As a result, the Fe3O4@CdS@CQDs photocatalyst exhibits excellent performance in selectively converting benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde accompanied with H2O2 production. The generation rates of benzaldehyde and H2O2 reach up to 57.22 and 27.06 mmol·gCdS−1·h−1, respectively. This work highlights a rational construction of magnetic heterostructure photocatalyst and its application in the photo-redox coupling reactions.

Radon Equilibrium Equivalent Concentration Uncertainty of Calibration System With Alpha Self-Absorption Consideration

Abstract The measurement of radon decay products level in dwellings or working places separately is not preferable. The estimation of radon equivalent equilibrium concentration (EECRn) is more simple and quick technique. In this work, the uncertainty of calibration system for EECRn measurements will present and the reduction will be suggesting. The calibration system for EECRn measurements was presented and described in previous work with gamma spectrometer as a reference measuring device. The influence of alpha particles absorption in filters materials and filter efficiency taken into account. The measurements of EECRn by gamma spectrometry and improved alpha radiometry are in good agreement and the systematic shift between average values is observed and resolved. The total standard uncertainty of EECRn measurements with gamma spectroscopy is 3.8%. About 71% of this total uncertainty value is related to the uncertainty of the count rate at full absorption peak with gamma spectroscopy. If the time between the end of sampling and gamma spectroscopy measurements reduced to 2000s not 4000 s, this value will reduce to 1.6% and the total standard uncertainty of EECRn will be 2.6%.

Активное поглощение акустического импульса в волноводе

Object and purpose of research. A numerical model is taken as example to consider an active method of absorption for a short acoustic signal from reflecting boundary. Analysis is carried out on a model of virtual waveguide with rigid walls where the pulse with tonal content at one end and active absorption of the same at the other end is simulated. The purpose of studies is to assess the achievable method efficiency using a specific problem of signal absorption. Materials and methods. Signal propagation is estimated by finite element method using numerical model. The numerical calculations were verified by known analytical solutions according to the theory of wave propagation in waveguides. Main results. A numerical model is used as example to highlight the key tasks which have to be solved in the design of active signal absorption tools. Detailed consideration is given to the constraints of the waveguide model and acoustic signal to achieve the 9 dB efficiency obtained based on study results. Conclusion. The specific problem is taken to show that it is practically impossible to achieve full absorption of a short signal without reflection using only active methods. Conditions and ways of their implementation are identified without which it is impossible to achieve any significant effect by active absorption method.

Preparation and characterization of a solar-driven sodium acetate trihydrate composite phase change material with Ti4O7 particles

Thermal energy storage using phase change materials has received much attention as it can effectively relieve the contradiction of renewable energy between supply and demand. The novel bifunctional sodium acetate trihydrate (SAT) composite phase change materials with photo-thermal conversion and heat storage properties were developed to promote the thermal utilization of solar energy. The Ti 4 O 7 particles were selected as photo-thermal conversion media with full spectral absorption of sunlight and efficient photo-thermal conversion performance. 5 wt% disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate (DSP) and 3 wt% carboxymethyl cellulose were used to decrease supercooling and restrain phase separation of SAT, respectively. The as-prepared SAT composites with different content of Ti 4 O 7 possess a low supercooling degree of 0.9–1.5 °C and high latent heat of 228.6–257.7 kJ kg -1 . Ti 4 O 7 has a stable absorption capacity covering the full solar spectrum (200–2500 nm) and the absorption capacity of SAT and DSP in the infrared light even more than Ti 4 O 7 at 1900 nm–2500 nm. The SAT composite sample with 10 wt% Ti 4 O 7 has the best total solar absorption capacity of 93.33% more than Ti 4 O 7 of 92.76% because SAT and DSP have outstanding absorption capacity in the long-wave infrared wavelength. The photo-thermal storage efficiency of all SAT composite photo-thermal conversion phase change materials exceeds 50%, of which the composite with 10 wt% Ti 4 O 7 has the optimal photo-thermal conversion storage efficiency of 76.63%. The composite photo-thermal storage phase change materials have potential applications in solar energy systems. • The SAT-based composites have optical absorption and thermal storage properties. • The absorption capacity of the composite phase change materials is 93.33%. • The optical photo-thermal conversion and storage efficiency is 76.63%. • Ti 4 O 7 was a vital component in facilitating solar to heat for phase change materials.

Broadband absorption enhancement in carbon-based perovskite solar cell with a composite light trapping structure

In this work, a composite light-trapping strategy based on Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles embedded inside the active layer and an antireflection coating on the top surface is proposed to obtain broadband absorption improvement in carbon-based perovskite solar cells (C–PSCs). The effects of geometrical parameters, including the radius and period of Ag nanoparticles, the thickness of the protective SiO2 shell and the thickness of the antireflection coating, on the light absorption are investigated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Simulation results illustrate that nearly full absorption of light can be achieved with the optimized structure parameters for a 600 nm thick perovskite layer using the composite light-trapping scheme. The short-circuit current density (JSC) exhibits an improvement of 24.8% relatively compared to the C-PSC without light management. The proposed composite light-trapping structure allows improved light utilization and saved material consumption in C–PSCs.

Multi-objective optimal scheduling of microgrid with electric vehicles

With the increasing global attention to environmental protection, microgrids with efficient usage of renewable energy have been widely developed. Currently, the intermittent nature of renewable energy and the uncertainty of its demand affect the stable operation of a microgrid. Additionally, electric vehicles (EVs), as an impact load, could severely affect the safe dispatch of the microgrid. To solve these problems, a multi-objective optimization model was established based on the economy and the environmental protection of a microgrid including EVs. The linear weighting method based on two-person zero-sum game was used to coordinate the full consumption of renewable energy with the full bearing of load, and balance the two objectives better. Moreover, the adaptive simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm (ASAPSO) was used to solve the multi-objective optimization model, and obtain the optimal solution in the unit. The simulation results showed that the multi-objective weight method could diminish the influence of uncertainty factors, promoting the full absorption of renewable energy and full load-bearing. Additionally, the orderly charging and discharging mode of EVs could reduce the operation cost and environmental protection cost of the microgrid. Therefore, the improved optimization algorithm was capable of improving the economy and environmental protection of the microgrid.

Eigenvalue analysis of wideband acoustic immittance in secretory otitis media in children of different ages

Objective:The characteristic values of broadband acoustic immittance of children of different ages during secretory otitis media were collected resonance frequency and absorption rate of middle ear in children of different ages were compared. Methods:Eighty-two children with secretory otitis media were selected for the broadband acoustic immittance test, including 62 cases （83 ears） in the young effusion group（[3.5±0.7]months）, and 20 cases （40 ears） in the older effusion group（[4.0±0.6]years old）. 82 normal children were selected for broadband acoustic immittance test in the same environment, including 62 cases （124 ears） in the younger normal group and 20 cases （40 ears） in the older normal group. The resonance frequency and absorptivity of different age groups under broadband peak pressure were compared, and the frequency absorptivity curve was drawn for analysis. Results:The resonance frequencies of older normal group and younger normal group, older effusion group and older normal group, younger effusion group and younger normal group, older effusion group and younger effusion group were statistically significant（P<0.001）. Analysis of sound energy absorption rate at different ages. There was significant difference in sound energy absorption rate between older normal group and younger normal group at 226-1155 / 4757-8000 Hz（P<0.001）. The difference of full frequency sound energy absorption rate between the older effusion group and the older normal group was statistically significant（P<0.001）, among which the difference of 866-1542 / 2520-4362 Hz absorption rate was the largest. The difference of full frequency sound energy absorption rate between young effusion group and young normal group was statistically significant（P<0.001）, and the difference of 1091-2245 / 3776-5494 Hz absorption rate was the largest. Conclusion:Middle ear effusion in children of different ages has different performance under broadband acoustic immittance peak pressure, and has its own characteristic acoustic energy absorption frequency band. This study provides a reference basis for the analysis of the characteristics of middle ear sound transmission in children with secretory otitis media in the future.

Properties of Mo-based TMDCs/Ti2CT2（T = O, F, OH）vdWs heterostructures for full spectrum electromagnetic absorption

The structure, electronic and optical properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs = MoS2, MoSe2, MoSSe), Ti2CT2 (T = O, F, OH) MXenes monolayers and their corresponding TMDCs/Ti2CT2 vdWs heterostructures are comprehensively studied by density functional theory. It is revealed that the terminal group T has a crucial influence on the electronic properties of TMDCs/Ti2CT2, and the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) originating from the d-orbital of Mo atoms in MoSSe leads to large Rashba band splitting. And the TMDCs/Ti2CO2 are type II vdWs heterojunctions, retaining the band dispersion of the TMDCs or Ti2CT2 original monolayers. There is a notably electrostatic potential difference between the original monolayers, and the vdWs heterostructures based on Ti2CF2 and Ti2C(OH)2 exhibit mostly Ohmic contact. TMDCs/Ti2CT2 have excellent absorption capacity in the energy range larger than 5 eV, and inherits the wide absorption range of Ti2CT2 monolayer and the small energy loss of TMDCs in the energy range smaller than 5 eV, which makes them into full spectrum electromagnetic absorbing materials.