Fresh Fruit Juices Research Articles

Fresh fruit juice of Opuntia dillenii Haw attenuates paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Fresh fruit juice of <i>Opuntia dillenii</i> Haw attenuates paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Antibacterial potential of fresh fruit juices against multi-drug resistant pathogens

Objective: To explore the antibacterial activity of fresh fruit juices against drug-resistant pathogens. Methods: Fresh juices were prepared by squeezing 7 fruits [Citrus sinensis, Citrus aurantifolia (C. aurantifolia), Punica granatum (P. granatum), Malus domestica, Ananas comosus, Fragaria ananasia, and Actinidia deliciosa]. The antibacterial activities were studied by using well-diffusion, minimum inhibitory (MIC), and minimum bactericidal (MBC) assays against 7 clinical pathogens: Gram- positive, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis; Gram-negative, 2 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Results: The diffusion test revealed that Malus domestica juice had no antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens; Citrus sinensis and Ananas comosus revealed low antibacterial activity; Fragaria ananasia and Actinidia deliciosa revealed moderate antibacterial activity; P. granatum and C. aurantifolia exhibited high antibacterial activity against most of the clinical strains. MIC and MBC tests exhibited that P. granatum and C. aurantifolia had noticeable bactericidal effects with MBC/MIC values ranging between 2 to 4. Conclusions: The crude fresh juices of P. gronatum and C. aurantifolia have potential as natural therapeutic agents against some multi- drug resistant bacteria and they could prevent pathogenic diseases.

Effects of metabolite changes during lacto-fermentation on the biological activity and consumer acceptability for dragon fruit juice

In this study dragon fruit juice was subjected to lacto-fermentation for 48 h at 37 °C using Lactobacillus plantarum FBS05. The antibacterial and antioxidant activity were evaluated using 96 microtiter plate, DPPH and FRAP assays. The bioactive metabolites were identified using 1H-NMR analysis with multivariate analysis. Fermented juice was mixed with fresh dragon fruit juice at different ratios to evaluate the shelf life stability and consumer acceptability. The antibacterial activity of fermented dragon fruit juice was 95.52 ± 0.002, 95.63 ± 0.005, 96.05 ± 0.009 and 93.38 ± 0.000 towards Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The antioxidant activity results demonstrated no significant differences for fermented and non-fermented juice. The principal component analyses showed the presence of 21 and 12 metabolites in the fermented and non-fermented dragon fruit juice. The major compounds contributed to the differences were lysine, alanine, acetic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, glucose, iso-butyrate and betaine. The 1:9 ratio received the highest scores for the taste (6.24 ± 1.571), aroma (6.50 ± 1.696) and acidity (6.21 ± 1.996) and extended the shelf life for 3 months. This study demonstrated the high potential for the lacto-fermented dragon fruit juice for applications to improve the functional properties, consumer acceptability and shelf life of fresh dragon fruit juice.

Effects of Centrifugal Block Freeze Crystallization on Quality Properties in Pineapple Juice

AbstractQuality properties of concentrate pineapple juice obtained by block freeze crystallization (BFC) and evaporation technology are investigated. After three concentration cycles, the solutes were approximately 3.2 times compared to the initial condition and the final color was darker than that of the fresh juice. BFC allowed for higher bioactive compounds retention than evaporation in terms of total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin content. The cryoconcentrate juice showed a similar aromatic profile to the fresh juice, with 26 and 23 compounds, respectively. Conversely, only seven volatile compounds were identified in the evaporate sample. Finally, BFC is an effective technology to preserve important quality properties from fresh fruit juices such as color, polyphenols, and aromatic profile.

Retrospective Demographic Analysis of Neurovascular Syndrome—Secondary to: A) Endemic Subacute (Fruits Borne) Viral Infection, Consequent to Global Aborted Blood, Contraceptives Menstrual Blood Pollution; B) Consumption of Waterliving Toxinous Mammals

15 patients after the middle of 2018, during the initial onset of the epidemic of identified Nipah viral infection (fruits borne virus) in adjacent state, presented with fever, acute coma, delirium, movement disorders, required referral to district headquarters hospital, for virology confirmation, and management. 135 mostly afebrile patients, who refused referral to government hospital, for virology confirmation, presented with symptoms of mainly subacute pan encephalitis, over the past 14 months; 90% presented with conglomeration of vertigo, staring, personality changes, imbalance in gait, difficulty to walk, bilateral drooling of saliva, tremors, confusion, altered sensorium, nausea, vomiting; 83% presented with dysarthria, 28% presented with symptoms of raised intracranial pressure-mimicking accelerated, malignant hypertensive emergencies, bradycardia, vomiting; decreased vision in 4.6%, myoclonic jerks in 58%, choreoathetosis in 8%. All of them could not afford INR 10000 for virology confirmation. Fruits borne viral subacute pan encephalitis, can present as subacute neurovascular syndrome, simulating ischemic stroke, mediated by Hapten triggered autoimmune angiopathy (blood borne) with resultant bilateral, asymmetrical multifocal, infarcts, cerebritis with consequent edema, requiring recognition, successful treatment with acyclovir, antiedema, antiepileptic measures and not antiplatelets, since the etiology is inflammatory and not degenerative. Promoting awareness to steam cook, pressure cook, cook with coconut oil (pie) fruits, steaming fresh fruit juices, before consumption will prevent incidence of fruits borne, tobacco leaves borne, and endemic viral infection. Economical screening card tests for Nipah fruits borne virus, will enable early detection, authenticate notification, early recognition treatment of subacute pan encephalitis presenting as neurovascular syndrome, mimicking ischemic stroke Global aborted blood pollution, contraceptive menstrual blood pollution, documented by rising environmental estrogen, beta human chorionic gonadotropins, alpha fetoprotein, favours emergence, virulence, drug resistance of microbes, including the recent fruits borne virus; global eradication of contraception, abortion (—non-evidence-based medical practice, without therapeutic indication, therapeutic protocols, therapeutic policies), to be replaced by global baby boom (promoting childbirth >10 - 20 children per family) will prevent further emergence, virulence of microbial infections, including Nipah, oncoming Ebola corona. Over the past 5 years, consumption of water living without scales, gills, fins,-toxin containing mammals, presented as cortical venous, sigmoid sinus thrombosis, in 3.5%, choreoathetosis in 12.5%, unresponsive but restless in 12.5%, quadriparesis, hemiparesis in 37.5% mimicking neurovascular syndrome, ischemic stroke; treatment with methylprednisolone, immunoglobulin reverted.

Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) vinegars produced from fresh fruit or juice concentrate: Bioactive compounds, volatile aroma compounds and antioxidant capacities

In this study, it was aimed to determine the bioactive compounds and volatile aroma compounds of the sour cherry vinegar, and to investigate the usability of concentrated juice instead of the fresh fruit juice in vinegar production. And, two sour cherry vinegars were produced using juices prepareted fresh fruit (FSCJ) and concentrate juice (CSCJ), analyzed for functional and organoleptic aspects. The finding shown that both vinegars produced have rich functional compounds (gallic and chlorogenic acids) and volatile aroma compounds, and sour cherry is ideal for vinegar production. However, the vinegar produced using the CSCJ was more prominent, according to aromatic aspect. These aroma compounds were 3-methyl-1-butanol and eugenol, phenethyl alcohol, 2-phenethyl acetate, acetic, isobutyric, isovaleric, hexanoic and octanoic acids.Within this study, a new way for sour cherry usage, independently of the season were proposed. And, aromatic and functional aspects of sour cherry vinegar were revealed for the first time.

INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE ULTRAFILTRATION PROCESS OF CITRUS JUICES ON THEIR QUALITY

Fresh fruit juices contain organic acids and mineral substances (potassium, calcium, iron, copper, magnesium, phosphorus, manganese, molybdenum, boron, iodine), and their salts, large amounts of fiber, pectin and enzymes - complex substances, that contribute to the food processing and absorption of nutritional elements. Natural citrus juices contain essential vitamins and nutrients for the human body. Therefore, they represent a good opportunity for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. With the vitamins, taken through the juice, the human body becomes more resistant to viruses and infections, stressful situations and intense physical stress, and the body’s metabolism becomes normalized. Beverages, prepared from juices improve intestinal motility and thus contribute to improving the allocation of toxic substances and slags from the organism.&#x0D; The purpose of this work is the development of technological parameters of the ultrafiltration process to obtain natural juices which are sterile, resistant to precipitation and turbidity, and have a long shelf life. This paper examines the performance of the ultrafiltration process of citrus juices (lemon, tangerine, orange) and its dependence on the pressure and duration of the process, type and porosity of the membrane, the nature of the juice, and acidity. The juice composition was studied before and after ultrafiltration. It was established, that the productivity of the ultrafiltration process depends on: the duration of the process and this dependence is determined by the nature of the process: membrane type, in particular, filtration material and pressure: with an increase in membrane porosity and pressure, the productivity of the process, the volume of filtered juice, filtering speed and duration increases; the productivity of the ultrafiltration process, during the filtration both in dynamic and static mode, depends on the type and consistency of the juice: it increases with the increase of juice acidity. It was established: the general acidity (1.17%), density (1.038 g/cm3), the content of dry substances (9.9%), sugars (7.8%), including invert (7.2%), ash ( 0.26%), and vitamin C ( 20mg/ 100gr.), do not change in the course of ultrafiltration of tangerine juice. The viscosity, the content of carotenoids, cellulose and pectin decreases. The amino-acid structure practically does not change; hollow fibers detain only 6 - 8% of proteins and amino acids. For obtaining high-quality citrus juices, ultrafiltration should be carried out at a pressure 0.2MPa, on hollow fiber, in a dynamic, circulating mode.&#x0D; The juices obtained by ultrafiltration on hollow fibers (AP-2.0) are sterile, resistant to precipitation and turbidity, have significantly increased shelf lives, and they retain their organoleptic properties and nutritional values.

Environmental Burden Optimization in Distribution Pathways for Fruit Juice Product of Small Medium Enterprises Industry

Fruit Juice products from Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Industry should be distributed immediately due to the life time the product less than 30 days. The purposes of this research in to minimize environmental burden during delivery of fruit juice product produced by SMEs to their customer. The customers of SMEs Fruit Juice Industry mainly are Hotel, Restaurant, and customer pack. One of Fruit Juice SMEs Industry located in Jabotabek area, provide service for at least 143 Hotel with 25671 rooms, distributed in 9 Zone in Jakarta, Banten and West Java. Total demand of fresh fruit juice of Hotels for all zones is 43,250 kg weekly. Optimization of fruit juice products distribution calculated by using truck with 1.5 ton capacity. Numbers of truck that recommend operating are 32 units with total route distance ideally only 3,112.20 Km/week. But normally in consideration to heavy traffics, the route distance are 4,081.45 Km/week. The optimal diesel fuels consumption ideally are 414,96 liter/week and normally including traffic jam will consume diesel fuels are 544,19 liter/week. The Environmental Burden of fruit juice distribution process, represent by CO2 emission from fuels combustion ideally are 1.22-1.32 Ton/week. However, the normally condition with consideration to traffic jam, CO2 emission from fuels combustion are 1.60-1.73 Ton/week.

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VITAMIN-C CONCENTRATION IN COMMERCIAL FRUIT JUICES AND FRESH FRUITS OF NEPAL WITH EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE

Objective: It was aimed to determine the best storage temperature for fruits to achieve the highest quality of vitamin-C and to compare vitamin C concentration between commercial fruits juices and fresh fruit juices in by using Spectrophotometry and Titrimetric method&#x0D; Methods: Titration involved the redox reaction between iodine and vitamin C. As the iodine was added during the titration, the ascorbic acid was oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid, while the iodine was reduced to iodide ions. The Spectrophotometric method involved the coupling reaction of 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) dye with Vitamin C. The samples were analyzed using UV-Vis-Spectrophotometer at 521 nm.&#x0D; Results: Titrimetric and spectroscopic methods were performed for fresh and marketed fruits comprising of apple, grapes, lemon, orange. The maximum amount was found in lemon and orange whereas apple and grapes contained lesser amount of Vitamin C. The stability of marketed fruit juices made up of apple, grapes, lemon, orange were analyzed by storing them on the freeze at 0 °C and 10 °C and on the hot air oven at 20 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C for 72 h and estimated by both Titrimetric and Spectroscopy method. UV-Spectroscopy method showed that, at freezing condition up to 10 °C temperature, degradation was too low but when the temperature reached 50 °C the extent of degradation was more, showing 24.56% apple juice, 10.89% orange juice,12.70% grapes juice and 50% orange juice were degraded in 100 ml sample. Similar results were observed by analysing the samples with titration technique.&#x0D; Conclusion: A new analytical method was developed to address the content of vitamin C in fruits consumed in the local market of Nepal along with the best possible storage of fruit juice to yield the maximum amount of nutrients.

Physicochemical Characteristics and Aroma Analysis of Passion Fruit Juice and Guava Juice Concentrated by a Novel Evaporation Concept

This research focused on the performance evaluation of a new fruit juice concentration concept named JEVA, which is featured by the connection of moisture condensation with moderate warming of the juice in a circulation loop. The warming temperatures were between 30°C and 45°C and the process was carried out at ambient pressure. The evaluation is based on analysis of the changes in physicochemical and aroma characteristics (pH, acidity, total solids content, vitamin content and microbiological and aroma analysis) of concentrated passion fruit and guava juice in comparison with those of fresh fruit juices. Fresh fruits were enzyme treated, filtrated and concentrated by a JEVA based pilot-scale equipment system. The concentrated juices were then reconstituted and characterized.

Fruit juice of silverberry (Elaeagnus) and bayberry (Myrica) may help in combating against kidney dysfunctions

BackgroundElaeagnus pyriformis, Myrica nagi and Myrica esculenta are prominent actinorhizal plants of North-East India which produce juicy edible fruits. Native people of this region consume these fruits for nutritional enhancement. Apart from having immense nutritional value, fruits of these plants have been utilized in traditional medicine for providing protection against various ailments. In our previous study on antioxidant activity and phytochemical fingerprints using GC-MS method; many medicinally potent compounds in fresh fruit juice of the three plants were revealed. We reported the presence of several compounds used to cure renal ailments. In the present study we reported the efficacy of these juices to alleviate nephrotoxicity in rat model. We intend to understand to what extent these fruits could be beneficial. Within the same scope we tried to evaluate whether the bioactive compounds present in the fruits could be responsible for reducing nephrotoxicity by in-silico molecular docking approaches.MethodsIn this study, three fruit juices namely Elaeagnus pyriformis, Myrica nagi and M. esculenta were evaluated on gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in rat model. Nephrotoxicity was induced in wistar albino rats by intraperitoneal administration of gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day body weight) for 7 days. The study included a control group which received oral saline only, negative control group received gentamicin, positive control group received gentamicin and cystone, low dose group received gentamicin along with juice (200 mg/kg/day) and high dose group received gentamicin along with juice (400 mg/kg/day). Various enzymatic and biochemical parameters were assessed to study the protective effect of fruit juices in kidney disorders.ResultsAmong the three fruits M. esculenta showed promising result in all in-vivo enzymatic assays (Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione reductase, Lipid peroxidation and catalase). Nevertheless, all the three fruit juice showed high significance value with encouraging range of percentage of significance. The histological slides and in-silico study confirmed that these fruits are promising in alleviating nephrotoxicity in rat model.ConclusionWe may therefore conclude that fruit juices of silverberry (Elaeagnus) and bayberry (Myrica) may be used for formulating herbal medicine as a potent scavenger of free radicals to prevent the toxic effects of gentamicin in kidney disorders.

Simultaneous Electroanalytical Determination of Thiram and Carbendazim in Samples of Fresh Fruit Juices in the Presence of Surfactants

This study describes a new simple electrochemical method, with high sensitivity and selectivity to simultaneously quantify both thiram (THI) and carbendazim (MBC) pesticides in samples of apple, banana, peach, and strawberry juices, using carbon paste electrode modified with thermally activated zeolite in the presence of surfactants. Differential pulse voltammograms obtained for THI and MBC indicated irreversible behavior at approximately 700 mV and 800 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl (3 mol L−1 KCl)), respectively, when the anionic surfactant was present in the electrochemical cell. Values of peak oxidation currents exhibited linear correlations in the concentration ranges 3.44–1,000 and 1.72–350 ng mL−1 for THI and MBC, respectively. Limits of detection and quantification were estimated by obtaining the values 1.01 and 0.51 and 3.38 and 1.67 ng mL−1 for THI and MBC, respectively. After the sample contamination, recoveries were obtained between 98.6% and 101.8%. Values of relative standard deviation obtained in the stability, repeatability, precision, and selectivity studies were lower than 2% for both pesticides. Recoveries obtained with the proposed methodology showed high conformity with the results obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Prevalence and socio-behavioral factors associated with sugar-sweetened beverages consumption among 15 years and older persons in South Africa.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption and its relationship with socio-behavioral factors using national population-based data in South Africa.Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional data were analyzed from the South African National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (SANHANES-1) in 2012. The population sample included 15,179 adults (median age=34.0 years, interquartile range=25, range=15–98 years) who participated in the SANHANES-1.Results: Overall, the study participants consumed 33.9% none, 48.3% 1–3 times, 7.2% 4–6 times, and 10.6% every day soft drinks in the past week (or an equivalent of an average of 0.30 servings, SD=0.3, per day); 43.4% had consumed no sweetened fruit juice, 42.3% 1–3 times, 5.2% 4–6 times; and 9.1% daily sweetened fruit juice (or an equivalent of an average of 0.25 servings, SD=0.3, per day). The prevalence of daily SSB (soft drink and/or sweetened fruit juice) consumption was 16.0% (or an equivalent of an average of 0.54 servings, SD=0.5, per day). In the final logistic regression model, younger age, urban residence, perceived overweight, fruit consumption, fresh fruit juice consumption, and having had processed meat and fried food from street vendors were associated with SSB consumption. In addition, problem drinking and physical activity were associated with daily soft drink consumption, and higher sedentary time was associated with daily sweetened fruit juice consumption.Conclusions: The study found a high prevalence of daily SSB consumption and identified several socio-behavioral factors that can be targeted in public health intervention programs.

Control of Autochthonous Spoilage Lactic Acid Bacteria in Apple and Orange Juices by Sensorially Accepted Doses of Citrus Spp. Essential Oils Combined with Mild Heat Treatments.

This study assessed the compromised acceptance threshold (CAT) and rejection threshold (RT) of Citrus lemon (CLEO) and Citrus reticulata essential oil (CREO) in apple and orange juices. The efficacy of CLEO and CREO concentrations below the RT were evaluated alone and combined with mild heat treatment (MHT) (54 °C, up to 12 min) to inactivate the autochthonous spoilage bacteria Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides in apple and orange juices. The CAT of CLEO and CREO varied from 0.15 to 0.17μL/mL in orange and apple juices. The RT of CLEO was approximately 0.58μL/mL in apple and orange juices, and the RT of CREO was 0.68μL/mL in both juices. When CLEO and CREO were assayed alone, the highest concentration (0.50μL/mL) decreased counts of all strains approximately 2 log10 CFU/mL after 12 min of exposure to 54 °C. All concentrations of CLEO or CREO in combination with MHT acted synergistically against L. brevis, L. plantarum, and L. mesenteroides. Decreases in counts varied with the strain, CLEO and CREO concentrations, juice type, and exposure time to the combined treatment. CREO was more effective than CLEO in combination with MHT against the strains in apple and orange juices. Effective combinations of CLEO or CREO with MHT to control the autochthonous spoilage bacteria did not compromise the quality parameters (°Brix, pH, and titratable acidity) that characterize unsweetened juices. These results indicate CLEO or CREO at concentrations below the sensory RT in combination with MHT as a feasible technology to control autochthonous spoilage bacteria in fresh fruit juices. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The present study provides novel information concerning the efficacy of sensorially accepted doses of CLEO and CREO combined with MHT against autochthonous spoilers in fruit juice. The valuable synergistic effects that can be observed when combining CLEO and CREO with MHT reveal a feasible preservation technology and alternative to traditional treatments that are successful because they help reduce treatment intensity, thereby avoiding adverse effects on the sensory, physicochemical, and nutritional properties of these products.

Differentiation of Fresh and Processed Fruit Juices Using Volatile Composition.

In the current study, a comprehensive approach based on headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), combined with gas chromatography-quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-qMS), was used to establish the volatile signature of fresh and processed fruit juices, obtained from the same batch of grapes, red fruits, orange, pear, and apple. This is a powerful tool for evaluating the impact of the production process on the volatomic pattern of fruit juice. A total of 169 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) belonging to different chemical groups were identified. Esters, carbonyl compounds, terpenoids, and alcohols are the major chemical groups in the investigated fruit juices. However, their contribution to the total volatile profile varied. Special attention should be paid to processed fruit juices to avoid the possible deleterious effects associated with the formation of furanic compounds (e.g., heat treatment), since their furanic content was significantly higher in comparison to that of fresh fruit juices. The knowledge obtained in the current study will allow for the introduction of modifications to the process involved in processing juice, which will improve the organoleptic characteristics of processed juices, contributing to a better acceptance by consumers. Furthermore, more assays should be performed to assess the effect of harvests, geography, and agronomy on the volatile profile of juices.

Application of ultrasound and high‐pressure homogenization against high temperature‐short time in peach juice

AbstractThe scope of current research was to investigate the impact of ultrasound (US) and high‐pressure homogenization (HPH) on the quality of peach juice and to compare it with the effect of high temperature‐short time (HTST) treatment. The quality parameters were monitored during 4 weeks. Compared with the HPH‐ and US‐treated peach juices, HTST treatment increased the viscosity of peach juice. The enzyme inactivation (PPO and PME) in juice samples was improved significantly with an US. In addition, US and HPH treatments play a better role in ascorbic acid preservation in juices compared with the HTST treatment. Similarly, HTST‐treated peach juices showed the lowest antioxidant capacity compared to the US‐ and HPH‐treated juice samples during the storage. Finally, US‐treated peach juices resulted in the highest phenolic content during the storage. In overall, both US and HPH treatments preserved the quality of peach juice remarkably compared with the HTST.Practical applicationsAn important enhancement in the quality retention of ultrasound (US)‐treated juice compared to the high temperature‐short time‐treated peach juice was obtained. This work contributes a novel method to produce US‐treated fresh fruit and vegetable juices with an improved product quality. In overall, processing of peach juice with an US treatment can be used to get a high‐quality product as demonstrated by its quality retention ability during cold storage.

Assessment of Bacterial Load of Some Fresh and Packed Fruit Juices in Arba Minch Town, Ethiopia

A fruit juice contains essential nutrient, mineral, antioxidant and vitamins for overall health. However, food borne illness related to fruit and fruit product is increasing and very serious problem in different part of Ethiopia is comprised Arba Minch. So, the main objective of this study was to assess the bacteriological quality of both fresh and commercially packed fruit juices available for the consumers in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia. This study analysis and evaluates the bacteriological quality of some fresh and packed fruit juices available in Arba Minch town. The study was conducted from January 2017 to November 2017. A total of 120 samples was purchased from cafeteria, restaurants and supermarkets which consisted of 96 fresh juice samples 16 each of Mango, Papaya, Avocado, Orange, Apple and Mixed juice whereas from the total samples, another 24 commercially packed juices viz., Mango, pineapple, Orange and white grape were collected from supermarkets. Also, detection of pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted. All fresh fruit juice samples were found to harbor TVC, TCC, FCC and TSC within the range between 5.32 ± 0.49-6.65 ± 0.31, 2.59 ± 0.42-4.87 ± 0.45, 2.00 ± 0.36-3.95 ± 0.47 and 2.08 ± 0.29-2.86 ± 0.33 log10 cfu/ml, respectively. Also, all commercially packed fruit juice samples exhibit the presence of TVC, TCC and TSC within the range of 2.26 ± 0.51-3.08 ± 0.65, 0.00 ± 0.00-0.60 ± 0.35 and 1.00 ± 0.15-1.85 ± 0.59 log10 cfu/ml, respectively with the exception of FCC in which detection was not shown. In this study the prevalence of E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus was detected for all fresh fruit juices samples of this avocado was more dominated. Antibiotic susceptibility test for E. coli, Salmonella isolates and Staphylococcus aureus revealed completely resistant (100%) to a VAN and AMP. In general the study, especially exhibits the level of bacterial load found in both fresh and packed juice samples was unsatisfactory compared to gulf standards. This cause health problems and possible vehicle of foodborne outbreaks to the community. Therefore, good quality of water used; hygienic conditions related to washing of utensils, good personal and domestic hygiene during fresh fruit juice preparation can improve the bacterial quality and safety of the finished product.

Formulasi Sediaan Krim Pelembab Ekstrak Air Buah Semangka (Citrullus lanatus)

Watermelon is a tropical fruit which rich of carbohydrates such as sucrose, glucose and fructose that can moisturized the skin. Carotenoids such as lycopene in watermelons can acts as an antioxidant which protected skin from free radicals. Moisturizer are preparations used to improve dry skin. These preparations may decrease the Trans Epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) by forming a thin layer of fat on the surface of the skin as a barrier and restore skin softness. Watermelon extracts in this study are formulated into moisturizing cream. This study aims to determine the effect of the increasing concentration of the watermelon extract against its physical quality, effectiveness, safety, acceptability and cream stability. The watermelon extract obtained using is fresh fruit juice thickened with waterbath thermostat temperature ≤ 800C. Watermelon extract concentration used was 10% (Formula 1), 20% (Formula 2) and 30% (Formula 30. Evaluation of the cream includes the physical quality test; effectiveness test which; safety test; acceptability test and stability test. The results of this study showed the increasing concentrations of watermelon extract affect the results of the evaluation of moisturizing cream were organoleptic, pH, viscosity, dispersive power, adhesion, water washing power, effectiveness, and aseptability. Preparations which have the best quality are formula 3 containing extract 30%.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO E QUALIDADE DE FRUTOS DE LIMÃO ‘GALEGO’

The objective of this work was to evaluate the physical and physicochemical characteristics of lemon ‘Galego’(Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) in different maturation stages, from family farms in Matinhas, PB, Brazil. For the physical evaluations were considered, the length and diameter of the fruit; fresh fruit mass and juice yield; already for the physical-chemical evaluations of the pulp of the fruits was submitted to the determinations of the pH; soluble solids (SS); titratable acidity (TA); soluble solids /titratable acidity ratio (SS/AT) and ascorbic acid. There was a significant difference between the maturation stages for the variables diameter, fresh mass and juice yield, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid. Lemon fruits presented increase in pulp diameter and yield, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid reduction. pH, soluble solids and SS/AT ratio did not vary with the advancement of maturation. Based on the aspects of quality evaluated, the lemon ‘Galego’from Matinhas, PB, Brazil presents satisfactory quality for the market.

Antibacterial activity of some edible fruits and its green synthesized silver nanoparticles against uropathogen – Pseudomonas aeruginosa SU 18

Abstract Fruit, an edible part of the plant has propitious effects on living entities. The work focuses on therapeutic potential of seven indigenous fruit varieties of India namely Punica granatum, Citrus reticulata, Vitis amurensis, Carica papaya, Vitis vinifera, Ananas comosus and Ficus carica against Uropathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa SU 18. The concentrated fruit juices were used for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNps). The concentrated fresh fruit juices were subjected for TLC bioautography followed with GC-MS analysis to identify the bioactive compounds. Punica granatum, Citrus reticulata, Vitis vinifera and Vitis amurensis were showing antibacterial activity against the uropathogen. Punica granatum and Citrus reticulata were found to inhibit the motility of P. aeruginosa SU18. Using the concentrated fresh fruit juices, crystalline nanoparticles of size 19–45 nm was produced. AgNps produced using juices of Punica granatum, Carica papaya, Citrus reticulata and Ficus carica were exhibiting antibacterial activity against P.aeruginosa SU 18 and even the AgNPs were effectively inhibiting the swarming motility. AgNps of Carica papaya and Ananas comosus were found to destabilize the membrane of P.aeruginosa SU 18.