Freeport Research Articles

Implementation of the territories with special economic regimes in the Far East of Russia

In the Far East of Russia, economic development has dramatically slowed down for the past 30 years. The federal government seeks new methods to attract investments into the regions, stimulate entrepreneurial activity, and boost economic growth. This paper critically evaluates state policies that involve the active implementation of Special Economic Zones, Territorial Development Zones, Vladivostok Free Port, and the Territories of Advanced Social and Economic Development. Research is based on the interviews with the state authorities from the regions of Russia and thorough investigation of the state policies, legislation, and government reports. This study suggests three conclusions. First, there is an excessive amount of state development policies, which is the result of competition among different federal ministries. Second, there is no evidence of innovative activity or productivity growth within those economic zones. Finally, methods to assess the effectiveness of the regional policies are undeveloped and lack clarity. Recommendations for further research are given at the end of the paper.

О перспективах Дальнего Востока после саммита АТЭС-2012

<span>Проведен анализ последствий прошедшего восемь лет назад саммита АТЭС во Владивостоке: как принималось решение о проведении мероприятия, какие объекты построены, как это отразилось на социально-экономической ситуации в городе и Приморском крае, какие инвестиционные проекты после саммита реализуются на территории Дальнего Востока, и насколько предпринятые усилия повлияли на отток населения. Утверждается, что сырьевая направленность экономической специализации является главной причиной сохраняющейся высокой миграции, тогда как курс на новую индустриализацию и инновационное развитие может принципиально изменить ситуацию. Предлагается набор мер, которые смогут обеспечить переход к новому типу хозяйствования: во взаимоотношениях власти и потенциальных резидентов территорий опережающего развития и свободного порта Владивосток; в организации пространства и формировании агломерации нового типа; в трансформации роли и содержания работы Восточного экономического форума и уточнении миссии федерального университета.</span>

Prospects of Development of Legislation on Territories with Special Regime for Business Activity

Territories with a special regime for business that have shown themselves to good advantage in a number of foreign countries have not yielded the expected positive results in Russia. In this regard, the issues concerning the future of special and free economic zones, regional development zones, areas of advanced social and economic development and Free Port of Vladivostok should be considered. The paper analyzes the draft Federal Law “On Preferential Regimes”. Under the draft Federal Law, it is proposed to transform most territories with a special regime for business activity into a new type, namely: special free economic zones. The paper has determined the advantages of the enactment: additional grounds for termination of the special free economic zone in case of its inefficiency; expansion of the list of preferences granted to residents; possibility of formation of portfolios of preferences in compliance with the needs of a particular region; requirements for managing companies to ensure their adherence to fair competition. The author indicates such shortcomings of the draft law as: the possibility of imposing supplementary requirements on residents of the special free economic zone and their investment projects in addition to requirements provided for by the draft law; imperfection of the contractual form of business activity implemented by residents of such zones, and the fact that the draft law’s provisions concerning transformation do not apply to a number of territories with a special regime for business activity (special free economic zones of Magadan and Kaliningrad regions, free economic zone of the Republic of Crimea). It is concluded that the idea of unifying existing territories with special regime cannot be embodied in the current version of the draft federal law “On Preferential Regimes”.

Bohemia by the sea: establishing a Czechoslovak port in Hamburg in the interwar period

ABSTRACT After the First World War, the newly founded Czechoslovak Republic received the right to lease property at the German ports of Hamburg and Stettin, as guaranteed by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. However, the form, location and legal provisions of these properties were left to be negotiated at a later date. It took 10 years of legal and strategic deliberations before areas at the Hamburg free port were finally leased to the Czechoslovak Republic in 1929 for a period of 99 years. By focusing on the negotiation process for a Czechoslovak port zone in Hamburg, this article traces issues of territoriality, most especially the debates on the cession of sovereign rights in the context of the dominant geopolitical order of nation-states in the interwar period.

Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Cukai Di Perbatasan Kawasan Perdagangan Dan Pelabuhan Bebas Bintan

Part of the Tanjungpinang area is a free trade area and a free port. Placing some of these areas makes it difficult to supervise the traffic of goods, especially the excisable goods of the type of cigarettes, plus in the case of law enforcement, none of these excise crimes have been brought to court. Bintan free port. The method used in this research is sociological juridical method. Or what is known as empirical. Based on this research, it can be concluded that in law enforcement, the imposition of sanctions must pay attention to several things that become one unit, namely people's ignorance of the prohibited items, the number of items in a small number and not a repetition of the same criminal act. The granting of excise exemption quotas for excisable goods types of cigarettes for public consumption must be taken into account of the urgency of this.

Mythical Islands of Value: Free Ports, Offshore Capitalism, and Art Capital

The Geneva Free Port in Switzerland has paved the way for a new generation of art and luxury free ports. These are critical spatial pivots for the management of art assets, including storage and transactions of artworks, and serve as proxy to examine mechanisms for the capture and generation of value, integral but also outside the global art market. Drawing from the trajectory of the Geneva Free Port and an interdisciplinary body of scholarship on “offshore” and other special zones of production, and value circulation in human geography, anthropology, history, and sociology, this article frames free ports in a longer genealogy of offshore capitalism. First, we claim that the emergence of the Geneva Free Port prefigures and helps illuminate contemporary transformations in offshore capitalism; second, these spaces are more deeply imbricated with public and state authorities than previously suggested. Finally, a holistic understanding of art capital—works of art for investment and asset management—requires an encompassing view of free ports not as accidental and exceptional features in the world of high art but as spaces deeply implicated in the creation and operation of the art market more generally.

Research on Path and Countermeasures of Legalization of Shipping Environment in Pilot Free Trade Zone

Xue, N. and Li, Q., 2020. Research on path and countermeasures of legalization of shipping environment in pilot free trade zone. In: Bai, X. and Zhou, H. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Environmental Protection, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 115, pp. 133-135. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The construction of a free trade experimental zone is an important measure for China to actively deal with the complicated international environment, comprehensively deepen domestic reforms and build a new open economic system. The construction of social security prevention and control system in the shipping field has its particularity. Only by identifying the breakthrough point and focal point can it achieve twice the result with half the effort. In order to strengthen the judicial service and guarantee for the construction of the free trade experimental zone and the free trade port with Chinese characteristics in the free trade experimental zone, the Supreme People's Court issued the “Opinions on Providing Judicial Service and Guarantee for the Comprehensive Deepening of Reform and Opening-up in the Free Trade Experimental Zone” in a timely manner, defining the objectives and tasks and putting forward specific requirements. It is of great significance to explore and build a free trade port with Chinese characteristics, and create a new open highland with higher level of opening, better business environment and stronger radiation effect for promoting the innovation and development of open economy. The pilot free trade zone should carry out a more active opening strategy, accelerate the establishment of a new system of the path of rule of law, and explore replicable and generalizable experiences for the national reform and opening up.

Development of Indonesian Free Trade and Port Zone: Analysis of Historical in Batam Island

Batam Island is one of the areas designated as National Strategic Areas in Indonesia. The development and direction of the Government's policy towards Batam Island underwent several policy changes in each period of government that began in 1973 to the present. Therefore, the author will examine about: What is the history of the development of Batam Island as the Free Trade and Port Zone in Indonesia? It certainly aims to find out the development and direction of the Government's policy towards Batam Island and can be used as a framework in making policies and legislation on Batam Island in the future to improve its function as a national strategic area. The study of normative juridical law with the method of approach which includes: The legal approach, the concept approach, and the historical approach. The history of the development of Batam Island as a Free Trade and Port Zone in Indonesia to date has 5 periods. These periods are: 1) The preparation period; 2) The period of infrastructure development and investment; 3) Development period for infrastructure development and investment; 4) Period of improvement of facilities and infrastructure, investment and environmental quality; and 5) The preparation period for establishing Batam as a Special Economic Zone in the Free Trade and Port Zone. Kata kunci: Development history, Free Trade and Port Zone, Batam Island. DOI: 10.7176/JLPG/99-03 Publication date: July 31 st 2020

Situation and Countermeasure of Free Ports and Marine Strategic Emerging Industries: A Case of Zhoushan in China

Huang, C.; Cai, Y., and Chen, C., 2020. Situation and countermeasure of free ports and marine strategic emerging industries: A case of Zhoushan in China. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 252–257. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Marine trade decides the future of a city, the construction of free port plays an important role in the development of the city and export-oriented economy. This study is based on international and domestic typical cases, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of Zhoushan's Marine strategic emerging industries in China, determining the selection criteria, direction and methods of Zhoushan's Marine strategic emerging industries and constructing the hierarchical cultivation system of strategic emerging industries. There are two generalizations: Firstly, “borrowing power”, that is, selecting from traditional industries, which has good economic and technological benefits, then drive a approve the direction of existing industries to cultivate and develop marine strategic emerging industries (the Rotterdam port model). Secondly, “Cultivate new industries”, that is, choose to bring in stable and promising market demand industries, and develop marine strategic emerging industries with external forces (Singapore port model).

An Empirical Study on Hainan Citizens' Participation in Urban Community Governance under the Background of Free Trade Port Construction

Hainan is in the period of high-speed development and transformation of government management. To build a free trade port with Chinese characteristics requires a modern social governance system that confirms to the trend of the times, and community governance is important part of whole social governance system. Citizens' cooperative participation in grass-roots community governance has the functions of creating a good living environment, reducing social conflicts, improving residents' sense of well-being and attracting all kinds of talents. Based on the perspective of multi cooperative social governance, this paper empirically investigates the current situation of Hainan urban resident's participation in community governance, explores the reasons for the lack of citizen participation in community governance, and puts forward suggestions for improving citizen participation in community governance.

Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 40 Tahun 2017 Di Kabupaten Karimun

Free Trade Zone and Free Port (KPBPB) is one of the National Strategic Areas in Riau Islands Province. The Affirmation of Karimun Regency to become KPBPB is elaborated in Government Regulation Number 40 of 2017 concerning Amendment to Government Regulation Number 48 of 2007 concerning KPBPB. The implementation of the KPBPB in Karimun Regency has been going on for almost 12 years, but the implementation encountered a variety of obstacles so that the implementation of the KPBPB has not been able to run effectively. The purpose of this research is to determine the implementation and the factors that influence the implementation of government regulation number 40 of 2017 concerning KPBPB in Karimun Regency, this research was carried out at BP Karimun's office. The type of research used was descriptive qualitative, and analyzed data using Interactive Model analysis techniques from miles huberman. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the analysis of the preparation of the implementation of Government Regulation number 40 of 2017 concerning changes to government regulation number 48 of 2007 concerning the KPBPB in Karimun Regency has been going well, judging by the factors of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. In addition its strategic location, however it is felt there are still a few deficiencies here and there including the still fat organizational structure of BP Karimun.

TINJAUAN YURIDIS KEWENANGAN PENGELOLAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN PELABUHAN PENYEBERANGAN BALOHAN SABANG

In the context of developing the Sabang Free Trade Zone and Free Port, it is necessary to revitalize the development of the Balohan Crossing Port of Sabang City. However, based on Article 11 PP Number 69 of 2001 concerning Ports, it is stated that the management of national, international ports and hub ports is left to BUMN, in this case PT. Indonesian Port (Pelindo). Whereas on the other hand, Law No. 32 of 2004 and Law No. 34 of 1999 indicates the transfer of authority from the central government to regional governments, including in terms of port management. The same is true in the context of Aceh's autonomy, based on Law No. 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh states that there is a surrender of wider authority to the regions to manage their own household affairs. The problem in this research is how is the authority to operate a port based on positive law in Indonesia? What is the authority for managing regional feeder ports in the context of Aceh's special autonomy? And what are the procedures for the utilization and management of the Balohan crossing port? The method used in this study is a nominative juridical research method. The results of the study showed that the authority to operate the port was technically regulated in Government Regulation No. 61 of 2009 concerning Ports. In the context of Aceh's special autonomy, Law No. 11 of 2006 concerning Aceh Government and PP No. 23 of 2015 concerning National Government Authority in Aceh in the context of Aceh's special autonomy, wasn’t mentioned in detail regarding port management according to the type of hierarchy, but only mentioned regarding port management (in general) managed by BUMN in which the management is managed with the Aceh Government and / or Regency / City Government. Even though the Act and PP aren’t mentioned in detail, the procedures for the utilization and management of the Balohan crossing port can be seen in the Minister of Transportation Decree Number KP. 432 of 2017 concerning the Establishment of a National Port Master Plan. The Ministry of Transportation stated that the Port of Balohan Sabang occupied the PL (Local Feed Port) hierarchy. This means that the Regency / City Government in Prov. Aceh has the authority to manage the Balohan Port in Sabang legally justified and allowed by law.Keywords: authority, management and development, balohan port

Comparative Advantages of Free Trade Port Construction in Shanghai under the Belt and Road Initiative

As China’s opening-up grows wider under the Belt and Road Initiative, the exploration and construction of free trade ports have received increasing attention. In 2018, China’s first free trade port was settled in Hainan instead of Shanghai. In 2019, after the Lingang New Area of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone was approved by the central government, six new pilot free trade zones were launched in Shandong, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Yunnan, and Guangxi provinces. As the bridgehead of the Belt and Road Initiative, Shanghai established the first and biggest pilot free trade zone in China and gained the priority of institutional innovation exploration in Lingang New Area. Whether and how Shanghai will lead the construction of free trade ports and the new round of higher-level opening-up has become a research agenda that requires further study. Based on the document analysis, competition analysis and factor analysis in this paper, the following results were drawn out: (1) The construction of a free trade port is an upgrade of the 18 free trade zones and the 50 cities involved, and it needs more high-level opening-up, more sophisticated services, more rigorous supervision, and more professional talent; (2) With its geographical location, economic foundation, development support, and industrial services, Shanghai has the potential, foundation, and momentum to explore institutional innovation in the construction of pilot free trade zones and free trade port; (3) Development basis, port shipping, talent attraction, service support, risk supervision and control are the five major comparative advantages and the important driving factors that need to be considered in exploring and leading the construction of China’s free trade port under the higher quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative.

La concepción de desarrollo de la junta de adelanto de Arica (JAA): Una aproximación desde el diario Concordia 1960-1966.

El presente artículo describe y analiza la mirada con que la prensa local caracterizó la labor desarrollista de la Junta de Adelanto de Arica (JAA). Para ello se recurre a las columnas editoriales esbozadas periódicamente por la dirección del diario Concordia. El referido diario es coetáneo a los primeros años de funcionamiento de la JAA, época en donde los agravios infraestructurales y sociales procedentes del periodo del Puerto Libre, coexistían con un aire de optimismo y bonanza económica. Desde allí Concordia caracterizó el accionar de la JAA como un eje indispensable en el desarrollo económico y social del Departamento de Arica.
 
 ABSTRACT
 This article describes and analyzes the look with which the local press characterized the development work of the Board of Advancement of Arica (JAA). To do this, the editorial columns outlined periodically by the newspaper Concordia are used. The referred daily is contemporary to the first years of operation of the JAA, time in which the infrastructure and social grievances from the period of the Free Port, coexisted with an air of optimism and economic bonanza. From there, Concordia characterized the actions of the JAA as an indispensable axis in the economic and social development of the Department of Arica.

KEK Law and Its Economic Implication

This article describes implications of Indonesia government policy regarding to Special Economic Zones in Batam. The pioneer of Special Economic Zones had been exist with the enforcement of constitution about free trade and free port. Facilities or convenience is a factor that will attract investors, through this facility, it is expected investors just simply come to the concern government to take care of all permits relating to the investment activities. On the other side, facilities or incentives provided by legislation to investors, such as privileges or special treatment in certain different outside SEZ areas, that is the tax holiday for a period of time, the suspension or exemption of import duty, including tax.

KEK Law and Its Economic Implication

This article describes implications of Indonesia government policy regarding to Special Economic Zones in Batam. The pioneer of Special Economic Zones had been exist with the enforcement of constitution about free trade and free port. Facilities or convenience is a factor that will attract investors, through this facility, it is expected investors just simply come to the concern government to take care of all permits relating to the investment activities. On the other side, facilities or incentives provided by legislation to investors, such as privileges or special treatment in certain different outside SEZ areas, that is the tax holiday for a period of time, the suspension or exemption of import duty, including tax.

Research on the Interactive Effect of the Free Trade Zone Framework and the Logistics Development of Chongqing Port

This article briefly analyzes the development status of China (Chongqing) Pilot Free Trade Zone and Chongqing Port Logistics firstly, and then, the mechanism of interaction between the free trade zone economy and the logistics development of Chongqing Port is discussed from a qualitative perspective. Finally, according to the development status of Chongqing Port Logistics, some countermeasures are put forward to solve its development problems and realize the benign interaction between the free trade zone economy and Chongqing Port Logistics.

Extension Evaluation of Marine Ecological Carrying Capacity: An Empirical Study Based on the Development of Tropical Marine Island Free Trade Ports in Developing Countries

Today, the global economy presents a leaping economic network centered on coastal areas. Relying on the ocean has become a very important economic development path for many countries and regions. To coordinate and solve the contradiction between the economic development of Hainan Island and the protection of marine ecological environment, this study, based on the matter-element extension evaluation model, examines the marine ecology of Hainan Island considering the construction of a free trade port. This study uses the extension set theory to describe the advantages of the intermediate state and dynamic trend of the transformation of the assessment object to a certain level, to improve the assessment accuracy of marine ecological carrying capacity. The results show that the marine ecological carrying capacity of Hainan Island in 2016 to 2018 is relatively stable, at the transformation grade of N3, indicating that the marine ecology of Hainan Island is in a medium bearing, sub health state. Focusing on protecting marine ecology, developing a modern service industry, and developing high-tech industry can be effective in improving the ecological carrying capacity of Hainan Island.

Эффекты реализации государственной политики в лесном комплексе Хабаровского края: современный этап

The Khabarovsk territory is the main forest industry region of the Far-Eastern federal district. The forest complex of the Khabarovsk territory, within the framework of the implementation of the "new model" of development of the Far-Eastern federal district, is a recipient of applied measures of the state policy. In addition, it is under the influence of a nationwide industrial policy aimed at increasing the production of high value added products. The purpose of the article is to study the results of implementation of the state policy measures for development of the forest complex of the Khabarovsk territory. The main instruments of the regional development policy (territories of advanced socio-economic development, the free port of Vladivostok, investment support for infrastructure) and industrial policy (subsidies, priority investment projects, quotas for the export of logs) are considered, the practice of their application in the forest complex of the region now is analyzed. It is shown that the influence of the listed public policy instruments is unequal in the strength of their impact, focus, and choice of preferences on the part of companies. It was revealed that, despite the applied regulatory measures, the parameters of the functioning of the forest complex of the Khabarovsk territory demonstrate instability, which is associated, among the other things, with the strong dependence of complex on the situation in the Chinese market. It is concluded that the state support is aimed at creating the production facilities and reaching the design capacity and does not apply to their achievement of design payback, which, given the instability of the situation, leads to their loss ratio and stoppage. In addition, it was revealed that state support instruments are used mainly by large companies and, as a rule, already have preferences from the government. For small businesses, there is no opportunity to use the instruments of state support, which leads to reduction in their number, and as a consequence to decrease in the special social role of the forest complex in the municipalities of the region.

From Free Port to Modern Economy: Economic Development and Social Change in Penang, 1969 to 1990 (Book review)

From Free Port to Modern Economy: Economic Development and Social Change in Penang, 1969 to 1990 (Book review)