Freeport Research Articles

Mechanisms of attraction of foreign direct investment to regions of the Far East: innovative approaches and results

In this article are analyzed current problems of attraction of foreign investments into regions of the FEFD. The analysis of new innovative mechanisms of their attraction with use of preferences for the territories of the advanced development (TAD) and the regimes of the Free Port of Vladivostok (FPV) is carried out. The structure, organizational and management mechanisms for attracting of FDI, created for the social and economic development of the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, as well as the effectiveness of their activities are disclosed. Analysis of existing problems has allowed to formulate reasonable offers and recommendations on the use of new, innovative approaches in attracting of FDI. The article is prepared on the basis of the results of studies carried out at the expense of budgetary funds under the state task of the Financial University in 2017.

Особенности проведения таможенными органами контроля (надзора) товаров и транспортных средств в пунктах пропуска, расположенных на территории свободного порта Владивосток

Особенности проведения таможенными органами контроля (надзора) товаров и транспортных средств в пунктах пропуска, расположенных на территории свободного порта Владивосток

REALIZATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL LABOR STANDARDS AT THE ENTERPRISES OF THE FREE PORT OF VLADIVOSTOK: WILL THE INVESTORS SAY THE LAST WORD?

The special legal regime of the free port of Vladivostok simplifies the attraction of foreign labor force to enterprises. The current legislation of the Russian Federation does not fully guarantee the rights of such workers who have the status of labor migrants, since the current international standards for the protection of their rights are not ratified by the Russian Federation, nor are international standards for protecting the rights of indigenous peoples. The aim of this work is to analyze the issues of ensuring international labor standards at the enterprises of the free port of Vladivostok and to consider the theoretical aspects of this problem. In order to obtain the most reliable scientific results, a number of general scientific (system-structural, formal-logical and hermeneutical methods) and special legal methods of cognition (comparative legal and formal-legal methods) were used in complex. The results of the study are provisions on the need to include residents of the free port of Vladivostok in the system of shared responsibility of participants in the global supply chain and using one of the available models: a model of individual responsibility or a model of shared responsibility of companies to employees in the enterprise. The obtained results can be used for qualitative improvements of institutional and regulatory and socio-economic conditions for the development of the Far East, as well as for certain zones with a special economic regime of functioning. The author came to conclusions about the difficulties that exist in the way of ratification and further implementation of international labor standards: corruption, imperfect legal and institutional mechanisms, the lack of political will to resolve problems. The author sees the solution to the existing problems in the active participation of resident companies in securing the rights of workers in their enterprises located in special economic zones.

Realization of the International Labor Standards at the Enterprises of the Free Port of Vladivostok: Will the Investors Say the Last Word?

The author studies the issue of ensuring international labor standards at the enterprises of the free port of Vladivostok. The special legal regime simplifies the attraction of foreign laborers to enterprises. The current legislation of the Russian Federation does not fully guarantee the rights of such workers who have the status of labor migrants, since the current international standards for the protection of their rights are not ratified by the Russian Federation, nor are there international standards for protecting the rights of indigenous peoples. The way out of this situation may be the inclusion of residents of the free port of Vladivostok in the system of joint responsibility of participants in the global supply chain. The author considers models of individual responsibility and joint responsibility of companies to employees in their production in developing countries. Difficulties are created directly by the states where the enterprises are located - corruption, imperfect legal and institutional mechanisms, and a lack of political will to resolve problems, stand in the way of ratification and further implementation of international labor standards. The solution of the problem is possible through active participation of companies in ensuring the rights of workers in their enterprises, located mostly in special economic zones.

The Far East

This article presents a critical overview of the achievements of the Russian government’s current Far East policy and focuses on the realization of targeted programs, the creation of priority social and economic development areas and the free port of Vladivostok, and the distribution free of land. The economic and institutional characteristics of the development of the Russian Far East economies are analyzed. The potential effectiveness of current Far East economic policy is considered and compared with the experience of other countries with high rent in their economies. Finally, the article argues that government policies accelerate regional development only when they are built into a general policy for reducing risk in the national economy.

The Free Port of Vladivostok

In order for Russia to improve its eastward expansion, it must strengthen its position in the Pacific and participate in the international competition for the world’s shipping of cargo. This goal can be attained only if a national shipping company (predominantly state run) is created (with a deadweight of no less than four million tons), a port hub (with a capacity of up to 300 million tons) is established, container transportation is increased (by an order of magnitude), the single-window principle is ubiquitously introduced in all ports, continuous planning is organized, and logistics centers are incorporated into an interactive network. The article discusses Federal Law No. 212 of July 13, 2015, “On the Free Port of Vladivostok.” It considers to what extent it will be able to facilitate these tasks, how the goal can be formulated, what strategy should be adopted, and what priorities should be pursued.

Взаимодействие таможенных органов с государственными контрольными органами в пунктах пропуска свободного порта Владивосток

Взаимодействие таможенных органов с государственными контрольными органами в пунктах пропуска свободного порта Владивосток

Enterprise Perspective-based Evaluation of Free Trade Port Areas in China

Various business functions and policies specific to free trade port areas (FTPAs) make these zones unique economic environments. They are thus regarded as an effective avenue from which to attract foreign investment intended for developing a national economy and to enhance enterprises’ international competitiveness. Most investors favor investing in FTPAs because these zones present different business opportunities. Considering the limited attention paid to the FTPAs in China, this study examines the business and trade conditions specific to that country. A particular issue of concern is that in choosing FTPAs as investment targets, results are difficult to project because this kind of selection usually becomes a multiple criteria decision-making problem, in which quantitative and qualitative factors must simultaneously be examined. This study investigates the determinants of investment in FTPAs from an enterprise perspective by using the modified Delphi method. On the basis of fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS, the weights of related investment factors and the final ranks of four selected Chinese FTPAs are obtained. Results show that economic potential and operating environment are the most important factors for investment. Among the four FTPAs studied, the Shanghai Yangshan FTPA is the most preferred free trade zone for investment.

Gilbert Bosetti, Trieste, Port des Habsbourg 1719-1915 : De l’intégration des immigrés à la désintégration du creuset (FR)

This book, written in French by Gilbert Bosetti, Italianist and honorary professor of the University of Grenoble, is part of a research project supported by the CNRS on social challenges such as religious pluralism, integration through the mastery of a language, and the condition of minorities and national identities in Europe. Trieste, harbour of the Habsburgs is divided into three parts. The first part analyses the history of Trieste from its designation as a free port in 1719 until 1813 wh...

Smugglers before the Swedish throne: Political activity of free people of color in early nineteenth-century St Barthélemy

ABSTRACTThe Swedish colony St Barthélemy, established in 1785 and under Swedish rule until 1878, was an attractive island for neutral transit trade and for a large number of free people of color, many of whom became naturalized Swedish subjects. As subjects under the Swedish crown, they sought political rights through petitions, stressing their place within the colonial system. Free people of color were also connected to the Greater Caribbean and the mobility of the free port allowed for inter-colonial networks. The Swedish Governor Johan Norderling compared the activity of free people of color in the Swedish colony with other colonies, as well as Haiti and the USA. For him, free people of color throughout the Caribbean were grouped as belonging to the same community. Thus, the examples of activity in other colonies exemplified the dangers of further political rights in the Swedish colony. He also used the Caribbean network to communicate with other French, Spanish, and Dutch governors about a revolutionary plot planned by free people of color. Yet despite being nodal points within a network for planning subversive plots, St Barthélemy was not a particularly radical space in terms of independence or antislavery, but rather a space facilitating subversive actions between empires.

The Role of Singapore in the Growth of Intra-Southeast Asian Trade, c.1820s–1852

This paper argues that the expansion of Southeast Asian trade in the first half of the nineteenth century was based partly on the growth of intra-regional trade. Singapore played a significant role as a British free port in the connection between Western long-distance trade and intra-regional trade. According to my estimates, intra-regional trade centered on the British and Dutch colonies grew from the 1820s to 1852, with the focus shifting from Java to Singapore. As background to this growth, attention is drawn to the relaxation of Dutch protectionist tariffs imposed on British cotton goods imported via Singapore. Prompted by British diplomatic protests, tariff levels were reduced, and Singapore increased its exports of European cotton goods across the region. The importance of the distribution system for regional products in the rise of trade in Singapore is also discussed. As Southeast Asian products exported to the Asian market were traded through Singapore, local merchants such as the Chinese and Bugis often conducted transactions of those regional products in exchange for European cotton goods. Thus, the distribution system for regional products facilitated the influx of European cotton goods into the region via Singapore.

Защита интересов резидентов территорий опережающего развития и свободного порта Владивосток (по материалам опубликованной практики арбитражных судов ДФО)

Защита интересов резидентов территорий опережающего развития и свободного порта Владивосток (по материалам опубликованной практики арбитражных судов ДФО)

Роль международных транспортных коридоров приморья в обеспечении развития свободного порта Владивосток

Роль международных транспортных коридоров приморья в обеспечении развития свободного порта Владивосток

Constitutional Foundations of Granting State Powers to the Entities of Private Law (using the example of management companies)

This article deals with the legal status of the management companies created to perform certain public powers in relation to a limited area. It is noted that a similar experience was widespread and used in the zones of territorial development, territories of advance socio-economic development, special economic zones, the international medical cluster, free port "Vladivostok". Special attention is given to the legal status of the management company of the Skolkovo Innovation Centre - Foundation for the Development of the Center for elaboration and commercialization of new technologies. The author identifies its legal characteristics. The author makes an estimation of legal norms governing the order of exercising public powers by the Fund. The paper draws a conclusion about the significance of State supervision over management companies authorized to implement separate public powers. Management companies must comply with the transferred state powers in the interests of the society as a whole, rather than any single organization or a group of people. The author gives examples of checks carried out in respect of the management company of the "Skolkovo" Center. The article analyses certain provisions of the Russian Audit Chamber report concerning the results of the audit "Allocation of Federal budget funds targeted at implementation of activities connected with establishing and functioning of the Innovation Center "Skolkovo" in 2013-2015" (in cooperation with the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation). The Report focuses on the fact that many public authorities do not exercise their powers on the territory of Skolkovo. The legislation relies on the fact that special units of the federal bodies of state power and organs of control over payment of insurance premiums must be established. However, in the vast majority of cases, these bodies have not been established. There is a dishonest approach to determination of powers of the highest official level managers (lack of job descriptions). Also, the article draws attention to the fact that the formation of territories with special status and with the corresponding management company is provided for by the Federal Law of December 31, 2014, № 488-FZ "On industrial policy in the Russian Federation." But in this case, the same shortcomings of legal regulation that are fixed in the status of the Skolkovo Foundation exist.

The Extraterritorial Competence in the Territorial Organization of Public Authorities

The modern Russia has seen mixed trends in the territorial organization of the State, constructing and functioning of public authorities. Until recently, virtually all aspects of territorial-power organization of the Russian State were analyzed in the context of the theory of federalism and local government theory. However, Russian and foreign political and legal practices indicate that not all doctrinal design clusters of public Dominion fit into the boundaries of the detailed theories of form of the territorial organization of the State (federalism, regionalism, unitary) and local self-government (local government). The public-imperious mechanism operates not only in the territories, public law entities (Federal State as a whole, the subjects of the Federation, municipalities), but also in other areas (administrative-territorial, administrative units), established by taking into account various, including non-legal factors (so it has been throughout the history of Russian statehood, including monarchical and Soviet periods). The examples of administrative-territorial units in the Russian Federation are Federal districts, administrative (management, educational) district in some subjects of the Russian Federation, territorial development zones, the territory of rapid socio-economic development, Skolkovo Innovation Centre, free port of Vladivostok, Russian Arctic Zone, urban agglomerations, etc. The modern Russia de facto introduces new levels of public authority and public administration - subfederal (interregional), subregional (intermunicipal), submunicipal (intersettlement). In addition, the Russian Federation is a party to a number of intergovernmental institutions, recognizing the jurisdiction of the relevant supranational bodies. In the prevailing realities on one and the same territory, public authorities can simultaneously operate at various levels, as well as non-State actors (including businesses) with separate powers. In this regard, the problem of extraterritorial jurisdiction and inter-level interactions between different public authorities is becoming more topical. The article not only formulates some theoretical judgments on the designated theme, but also the possible directions of doctrinal and enforcement problems (in particular, in relation to the municipal level of publicly-imperious mechanism).

Development dynamics of port-cities interface in the Arab Middle Eastern world - The case of Dubai global hub port-city

Many scholars in the field of architecture, urban planning, transportation, geography, economics and sociology have studied port-cities from different perspectives. Yet, the majority of literature on this topic is concerned about the Developed Western and East Asian World. With the aim to contribute to the existing studies and to fill this gap in the literature, this paper makes an attempt to study an example in the fast-developing Arab States in the Middle East, which has recently drawn a particular attention among the scholars. Dubai provides an interesting case study, as it currently hosts the major transhipment hubport of the region. Centred on a single case-study approach, a four-phase model is hypothesized as a tool to investigate the changing spatial and functional dynamics at the port-city interface from the 1900s to the 2010s. The argument is based on a reciprocal relationship between the port and the city, since the advent of a free port. Historically the port has been the economic backbone. Consequently the Creek dredging and newly constructed ports integrated with ancillary infrastructures (such as FTZs) have played an important role in boosting the growth. Some concluding remarks underline the main trends in Dubai's port-city development, compared to the existing European and Asian models. This dynamic evolution is influenced by internal factors, such as oil revenues and governmental strategies, as well as external ones, like the regional and global forces. Despite sharing common features with the Asian consolidation model, this study suggests that Dubai may demonstrate a particular pattern of port-city development.

Free vent boundary conditions for thermal buoyancy driven laminar flows inside open building enclosures

A comprehensive investigation and review about the free vent boundary conditions are conducted regarding of natural convections inside an open cavity with one side horizontal opening, aiming to abandon the extended computational domain through imposing suitable pressure and momentum boundary conditions on the free ventilated ports. The main differences among Type A, Type C and Type D BCs are the definitions and assumptions on the free port boundary pressures. The physical governing equations for the present investigation are solved numerically for a wide range of thermal Rayleigh number and enclosure aspect ratio to identify the applicability of the four categories of free port boundary conditions. The simulation results show that, with the flow intensity increasing in the region near free opening, Type D BCs, Type C BCs and Type A BCs would take turns being the most effective and suitable BCs to achieve the flow solutions approaching to the reference ones. Regarding of the computational stability, authors-proposed free vent port boundary conditions (Type D BCs) achieve the best performance. In addition, it is found that enclosure ventilation rate is a more suitable and convincing criterion than heat transfer rate to validate the accuracy of the numerical methods.

The Transportation and Problems of Logistics in Northeast Asia: A Port of Rajin and a Free Port of Vladivostok

The Transportation and Problems of Logistics in Northeast Asia: A Port of Rajin and a Free Port of Vladivostok

Проблемы применения заявительного порядка возмещения налога на добавленную стоимость резидентами территорий опережающего социально-экономического развития и свободного порта Владивосток

Проблемы применения заявительного порядка возмещения налога на добавленную стоимость резидентами территорий опережающего социально-экономического развития и свободного порта Владивосток

Little Business on the Prairie: Entrepreneurship, Prosperity, and Challenge in South Dakota. By Robert E. Wright.

Little Business on the Prairie: Entrepreneurship, Prosperity, and Challenge in South Dakota . Prairie Plains Series. By Robert E. Wright. (Sioux Falls, SD: Center for Western Studies, Augustana College, 2015. x + 340 pp. Illustrations, map, charts, table, notes, bibliography, index. $16.95, paper.) From the title, I expected this book to explore how a single business survived and even thrived in the wilds of South Dakota. Instead, I discovered it to be a sweeping economic history of the state in the context of Robert E. Wright presenting his “entrepreneurship growth model” (p. 8). Basically, this model states that with more freedom comes more innovation and growth, and Wright sees South Dakota as the exemplar of freedom: “it is a free port in a sea of high taxes, ubiquitous regulatory shoals, and …