Governance Framework Research Articles

Governance of Waste Batteries as a Circular Resource: The Role of Policy Actors and Stakeholder Collaboration

Objectives : The study aims to address the gap in research on governance strategies for managing used electric vehicle (EV) batteries in Korea. The goal is to explore strategies that enhance governance and promote a sustainable ecosystem for used batteries, positioning them as a circular resource to aid in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation sector.Methods : An expert survey involving 37 respondents was conducted to gather insights into the governance models for EV battery management. The survey sought to identify key actors and preferred governance models necessary to establish a comprehensive ecosystem for used batteries.Results and Discussion : The survey results revealed that companies (54%) were identified as the primary actors needing adjustments and expanded authority in EV battery governance, followed by the central government (40%) and local governments (5%). Regarding preferred governance models, the Business-to-Government (B2G) model was the most favored (40%), followed by Business-to-Central Government (B2CG) (37%), Business-to-Local Government (B2LG) (16%), and Central Government-to-Local Government (CG2LG) (5%). These findings emphasize the importance of cooperative governance in fostering the growth of the EV battery industry.Conclusion : The study provides valuable insights for developing a sustainable ecosystem for used batteries as a circular resource. The findings offer critical evidence to inform policy formulation, underscoring the need for a collaborative governance framework to support industry growth and sustainability.

API C4E Augmentation: AI-Powered Agent(AIPA) Framework

Abstract: In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape, organizations increasingly rely on Application Programming Interface known as API for seamless integration and data exchange. API providers comprising consumers, developers, and project teams face several challenges in discovering, developing and mapping APIs in compliance with organizational enterprise architecture principles. This paper aims to address these challenges by proposing an AI-Powered Agent (AIPA) Framework that leverages Generative AI and AI Code Assistant tools to enhance API governance and streamline the API development cycle (API Management, develop API, testing, security, deployment and monitoring). The proposed framework facilitates API discovery through an interactive chat interface that summarizes available APIs based on the use case. Additionally, it aims to automate key aspects of API development, including compliance checks, security protocols, and document generation thereby significantly reducing effort(s), human error(s), and improving productivity and efficiency. Establishing an API Center for Enablement (C4E) ensures consistent adoption of best practices across the organization. By integrating AI-driven solution with API governance, this paper outlines a pathway for organizations to improve API quality, security, and usability while empowering to adapt to digital disruptions. The findings suggest that a comprehensive, AI-enhanced governance framework enhances operational and development efficiency and fosters innovation.

BIODIVERSITY DISCLOSURE AND ESG PERFORMANCE: DOES A CHIEF SUSTAINABILITY OFFICER IMPORTANT?

<p>This study analyzes the impact of corporate biodiversity disclosure (CBD) on ESG performance, with the chief sustainability officer (CSO) as the moderating variable. Examining 73 observations from Energy and Mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018-2022, this research employs PLS regression analysis. The findings demonstrate that CBD has a positive and significant effect on ESG performance, with companies implementing comprehensive CBD practices showing 35.4% higher ESG performance scores and 12.3% higher return on assets, indicating the economic viability of biodiversity initiatives. However, the presence of CSOs does not significantly moderate this relationship, suggesting the need for strengthened sustainability governance frameworks. These findings provide implications for academics, practitioners, and regulators in enhancing both CBD implementation and CSO effectiveness to achieve sustainable development targets while maintaining economic performance.</p>

Ecosystem-based fisheries management of crab fisheries in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands

We review ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) of crab fisheries in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands (BSAI) and discuss considerations for future EBFM efforts under a rapidly changing climate. Specifically, we review governance frameworks, ecosystem policy, fishery ecosystem plans, catch accounting systems, trawl bycatch controls, trawl area closures and habitat protections, gear modifications, a Crab Rationalization Program, Ecosystem and Economic Status Reports, and Ecosystem and Socioeconomic Profiles. The strongest EBFM features of this management system include mechanisms to avoid overfishing, use of scientific knowledge, consideration of ecosystem connections, appropriate monitoring, acknowledging uncertainty, stakeholder involvement, and decisions that reflect societal choice. Some EBFM principles, such as the efficacy of gear and area closures and accounting for the dynamic nature of ecosystems have room for improvement. In spite of the large number of EBFM measures in place, three of the eight BSAI crab stocks with biomass estimates were below their minimum stock size thresholds, and thus classified as “overfished” in 2023. The lack of apparent correspondence between implemented EBFM actions and crab stock trends may indicate that environmentally driven sporadic recruitment, spikes in natural mortality, and stock range shifts mute favorable responses to EBFM actions or that outstanding critical EBFM measures have yet to be addressed. In the face of recent large-scale changes in the marine ecosystems of the BSAI and an outlook for greater changes in the future, it is increasingly important to routinely reevaluate interactions between crab, their ecosystems, fisheries and fishing communities.

다층적 거버넌스 모델을 적용한 한국의 RISE 체계 분석

This study aims to contribute to the successful establishment of the RISE system in South Korea by applying a multi-level governance model to its analysis and deriving key policy implications. Recent shifts in the policy landscape—prompted by increased decentralization, greater civil society participation, the erosion of state authority, the emergence of diverse private institutions, and the advent of New Public Management—have necessitated a transition from traditional, vertically hierarchical approaches to new governance forms characterized by horizontal collaboration and networks. South Korea’s higher education system is currently transitioning from a centralized, top-down model to one of cooperative governance between local governments and universities. The RISE system is designed to devolve university funding authority to local governments, enabling the development of university support plans aligned with regional development goals, and fostering an ecosystem that promotes local talent development, employment, entrepreneurship, and regional retention. In this context, universities must align their educational and research activities with the economic and social needs of their regions, while local governments are expected to strengthen their administrative and financial support roles. This study employs a multi-level governance framework, synthesized from existing governance research, which encompasses governance levels, inter-governmental interactions, policy decision-making and implementation mechanisms, conflict and cooperation dynamics, as well as performance measurement and evaluation. Through this lens, the RISE system is analyzed to optimize policy coordination and resource allocation within regional contexts, thereby driving innovation in higher education. Ultimately, by fostering broader stakeholder engagement and reinforcing accountability and transparency through multi-level governance, the successful entrenchment of the RISE system can be anticipated.

Public Participation in Health Policy Making: A Bibliometric Review of Scientific Publications

Public participation in health policy-making is a vital component for fostering equity, transparency, and inclusivity in health systems worldwide. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications to explore the research landscape on public participation in health policy-making. Using data from Scopus and Web of Science, the analysis identified key themes, influential contributors, and emerging trends. The findings reveal a growing emphasis on patient-centered care, governance frameworks, community health interventions, and the role of data and digital technologies. Prominent themes include the inclusion of vulnerable populations, such as women, children, and individuals with disabilities, as well as the integration of public input during health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite progress, challenges such as power imbalances, tokenistic participation, and the digital divide persist. This study highlights the importance of institutional frameworks, investments in data infrastructure, and digital tools to enhance participatory practices. Recommendations for future research include examining the long-term impact of participation, addressing gaps in low- and middle-income countries, and exploring the intersection of public engagement and technology. By synthesizing existing knowledge, this study contributes to advancing theory and practice in participatory health policy-making.

Painting the Future: Leveraging Generative AI's Power in the Financial Ecosystem

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) stands out as a transformative force reshaping how institutions operate and innovate. This whitepaper traces the historical evolution of GenAI from conceptual stages to its current significance, highlighting key milestones and applications in the financial sector. Presently, GenAI is integrated into banking, particularly for fraud detection and personalized marketing. The case studies exemplify successful implementations by institutions like J. P Morgan and Microsoft showcasing benefits such as reduced fraud levels and improved customer experiences. The paper delves into the specific use cases across loan processing, portfolio management, asset management, regulatory compliance, and customer service automation. Despite GenAI's potential, the implementation and integration raise challenges related to data privacy, bias, ethical concerns, and technical complexities. The paper stresses the need for governance frameworks and compliance with global standards to tackle challenges. It recommends financial institutions prepare for future advancements by establishing efficient data pipelines, leveraging the cloud, building on existing frameworks, and adopting a human - led, tech - powered approach. It summarizes the critical importance of responsible innovation, urging institutions to embrace GenAI ethically to contribute to a more inclusive and sustainable financial ecosystem.

Hisbah in the Context of Shariah Governance in Islamic Finance: A Comparison Between Indonesia and Malaysia

The Role of Hisbah has been more essential in contemporary world in promoting Ethical Values and Justice in the Society. In Islamic finance setting, the role of Hisbah has been increasingly relevant in modern financial governance especially to ensure that its operation align with the ethical standards and Shariah principles. This paper is aimed to overview the concept and urgency of Hisbah and several related major issues such as Core values of the Shariah governance framework (SGF) in Islamic Finance, at last to further discuss the SGF’s comparison between Malaysia and Indonesia. The paper adopts a descriptive approach to examine the role of Hisbah in Islamic Finance specifically in the context of SGF. The data, sourced from various journals and books were collected and analysed to find the conclusion regarding the role of Hisbah in promoting adherence to Sharia principles in contemporary Islamic Finance and a brief comparative overview of SGF between Malaysia and Indonesia. The findings of the paper highlight that Malaysia's Shariah governance framework is characterized by a centralized, standardized approach with compliance mechanisms strictly enforced through BNM and SAC to ensure consistency. In contrast, the Indonesian framework is more flexible. the DSN-MUI gives guidance for IFIs as an independent body that exercise their discretion in interpreting Shariah rulings. These two approaches represent the level of regulatory priorities and development aspects of Islamic finance in each country.

Exploring organizational learning models in public libraries from an ESG perspective

This research adopts an Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) framework to explore the role and impact of organizational learning models in public libraries. Highlighting the importance of environmental protection, social responsibility, and governance, the study emphasizes their critical role in the operational strategies of non-profit entities like public libraries. With a specific focus on the National Library of Public Information in Taiwan, it delves into the challenges and possibilities that ESG integration presents for enhancing sustainability, service quality, and governance toward achieving a significant societal impact. The objective is to assess how ESG-informed organizational learning models affect public libraries, particularly in terms of improving their sustainability, contributing to social value, and bolstering their influence within the community.

Children’s Exposure Factors and Risk Perception of Sanitation Challenges Along the U.S.–Mexico Border

ABSTRACT In the rural U.S.–Mexico border towns, transboundary sanitary sewage overflows (SSOs) are of concern. The high concentrations of pathogens present in SSOs poses a threat to the shared ecosystem and communities’ health and well-being. Concerns related to an SSO effluent situated adjacent to a school in Naco, Arizona led to an academic-government-school partnership to assess children’s exposure factors, environment and health related risk perceptions, and risk communication preferences. A survey administered to school staff (n = 9) and parents (n = 31) observed a lower hand/object-to-mouth behavior for children ages 4–6 compared to values in the literature, and the need to further assess exposure factors for children over six. While there was a general negative risk perception to SSOs, approximately half of respondents did not have/were not sure of any SSO-related events. Using the Bioregion/One Health and cross-border governance frameworks, this study highlights the governing barriers that exist during SSO events and underscores the need for community participation, effective intervention, and risk communication strategies.

Assessing the Role of Climate Transition Bonds in Advancing Green Transformations in Japan

This study investigates the potential of Climate Transition Bonds as strategic financial instruments in promoting green transformations within Japan’s carbon-intensive sectors. Through a qualitative case study approach, we assess four prominent bond issuances—Japan Government Bonds, MUFG Bonds, TEPCO Bonds, and SMBC Bonds—focusing on their contributions to emissions reduction, renewable energy expansion, and technological innovation. The analysis reveals that these bonds play a pivotal role in enabling Japan to advance its carbon neutrality goals by financing key decarbonization projects. However, significant challenges persist, including the limited scalability of emerging technologies, disparities in economic benefits across sectors, and governance inefficiencies that may hinder optimal outcomes. The findings underscore the necessity of refining collaborative governance frameworks to enhance transparency, stakeholder inclusivity and regulatory oversight in the deployment of these bonds. This paper contributes to the discourse on sustainable finance by elucidating the policy implications of climate transition bonds, proposing avenues for improved governance, and highlighting the structural adjustments required to align these financial mechanisms with Japan’s long-term sustainability objectives.

Exploring an ICT-Enabled participative smart city governance system: an Indian context

ABSTRACT This study examines the relationship between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and smart governance in smart cities, emphasising the importance of participation and responsiveness for effective governance. Focused on India, it evaluates global smart city governance models, comparing them with the Indian system. The study analyses the current governance structure and the potential of ICT to enhance participatory governance in smart cities. Despite challenges, including limited participation and responsiveness, ICT holds promise for improving governance. The study proposes a governance framework based on pluralist democracy, with ICT playing a central role in fostering collaboration among stakeholders. Despite obstacles like the digital divide, this model prioritises people and ICT within India’s governance, offering insights relevant globally to democratic nations. It presents a new conceptualisation for smart city governance, applicable not only to India but also to democracies worldwide.

Application of Photocatalytic Ozonation for the Remediation of Aquaculture Effluents: A Review

The growing global population and limitations in fish catch production have led to a surge in the demand for aquaculture. Contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) are frequently being detected at low levels in surface water. These CECs, which include previously unidentified or unregulated pollutants, pose potential risks to health and the environment, though their impacts are not yet fully understood. Extensive research studies have been proposed and undertaken to address the issue of aquaculture wastewater, aiming to minimize its impact and implement effective treatment methods. This review provides an analysis of various technologies used for treating aquaculture wastewater using advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) focusing on photocatalysis and ozonation. It examines their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their respective treatment efficacies, and discusses their potential applications in sustainable aquaculture practices complying with the Sustainable Development Goals of 1, 2, and 6 as well as being in line with the Environmental Social and Governance (ESG) framework.

Data Governance in Blockchain-Based Systems for Internship Grade Conversion

Higher education institutions facechallenges in collaborating with the corporate sector and other academic entities, necessitating secure and effective communication channels. The Merdeka Learning program provides students with an expansive platform to acquire scientific knowledge and ensures equitable competencies among graduates. This study aims to address the increasing importance of data governance in such collaborations by proposing a blockchain-based framework specifically for internship grade conversion. Blockchain technology offers a secure and tamper-proof solution for managing and sharing data, addressing challenges in transparency and consistency. The research adopts an experimental approach combined with a comprehensive review of blockchain technology and its integration into existing data governance frameworks. The proposed outcome includes a detailed data governance framework with a prototype data management layer built on blockchain, ensuring robust data security and reliable internship evaluations. By leveraging blockchain immutability and transparency, the framework enhances the reliability of grade conversion, reduces manual errors, and promotes fair assessments. This research contributes to improving the operational efficiency of academic institutions and fostering trust among stakeholders. Furthermore, the framework aligns with the goals of Merdeka Learning by supporting seamless internship management and ensuring transparent evaluation processes. The findings aim to provide a scalable and impactful solution for higher education institutions, facilitating a more reliable and innovative approach to managing data in collaborative environments.

Promotion of Service Delivery in Terms of the Social Contract Theory in South Africa's Legal Framework

As is evident in the prevailing water and electricity rationing, South Africa is reeling from a crisis of poor service delivery. Against the background of its apartheid history and liberal constitution, this article examines how South Africa's legal framework promotes efficient service delivery in the context of a social contract theory. Using a literature review and content analysis of legislation, this article argues that basic service delivery is a human right that underlies the core function of the State regarding its social contract with citizens. The article critiques cooperative governance and the demarcation of service delivery duties between the spheres of government in the 1996 Constitution, the Municipal Structures Act, the Municipal Systems Act, and the Traditional Leadership and Governance Framework Act. It demonstrates how the legal framework places a heavy burden on the local government to provide basic amenities. By highlighting how a social contract informs the purpose of the constitutional State, the article demonstrates why service delivery must be taken seriously in a nation desperately in need of socio-economic transformation.

This study explores strategic management and governance frameworks for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in agribusiness, focusing on Purvanchal, Uttar Pradesh, a region predominantly reliant on agriculture but challenged by limited infrastructure and re

This study explores strategic management and governance frameworks for Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) in agribusiness, focusing on Purvanchal, Uttar Pradesh, a region predominantly reliant on agriculture but challenged by limited infrastructure and re

General Data Protection Regulation Compliance and Privacy Protection in Wearable Health Devices: Challenges and Solutions

Introduction: Wearable health devices have transformed personal health management by providing real-time monitoring and personalized care. However, the vast amounts of sensitive data collected by these devices pose significant privacy risks, particularly in compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The GDPR enforces strict requirements around consent, data minimization, and the right to be forgotten. Ensuring GDPR compliance is a major challenge for developers and manufacturers of wearable health devices. Methods: This study employs a systematic review to analyze current literature on GDPR compliance challenges in wearable health devices. Data were extracted from peer-reviewed studies, industry reports, and legal analyses published between 2010 and 2024. Key themes were identified through thematic analysis, focusing on consent management, data minimization, encryption, and privacy-by-design strategies. Results: The review found that security breaches and informed consent are the most significant challenges in ensuring GDPR compliance. Many wearable devices collect excessive amounts of data, conflicting with GDPR's data minimization principle. Privacy-by-design and encryption were identified as critical solutions, though these approaches introduce trade-offs in device functionality and user experience. Conclusion: Addressing GDPR compliance in wearable health devices requires a balance between robust data protection and usability. Solutions like privacy-by-design and encryption are essential but require careful implementation to avoid performance impacts. Future efforts should focus on improving user consent management and developing more efficient data governance frameworks.

A Comprehensive Risk Based IT Governance Framework for SaaS Adoption in Capital Market

ABSTRACT Software as-a-service (SaaS) adoption is essential in regulated industry such as capital market to bring in scalability, required to deal with the fluctuations in trading volumes, and agility, required to stay responsive to changing market conditions. In this context, the study examines the factors that the capital market organization look for in adopting SaaS. Based on the perceived risk theory and prospect theory, we propose a perceived risk based IT governance framework in SaaS adoption decision in capital market. Following a case study-based research methodology, we examined the factors that influence the risk perception of the decision makers about SaaS-based solution in a capital market industry. We found that the decision to opt for SaaS adoption in organization depends on (i) the top management’s consideration for risk preference, problem framing, decision domain, and data security, and (ii) organizational processes in practice such as IT governance archetype and risk management processes. Based on this, we generate a risk score for a capital market firm to weigh potential benefits and risks in adopting SaaS. In this study, we assume that the top management provides guidance toward firm’s risk appetite which is then compared to the generated risk score to decide for SaaS adoption. This study contributes to the technology adoption literature by emphasizing the role of individual risk preferences and problem framing in influencing technology adoption decisions particularly for technologies that pose certain risks. Finally, the study contributes by bringing forth the role of an IT governance framework in assessing SaaS-related risks.

Integrating Policy Instruments for Enhanced Urban Resilience: A Machine Learning and IoT-Based Approach to Flood Mitigation

In the context of global urbanization, the interconnected architecture of economic, social, and administrative activities in modern cities cultivates a complex web of interdependencies. This intricacy amplifies the impacts of natural disasters such as urban flooding, presenting unprecedented challenges in risk management and disaster responsiveness. To address these challenges, this study defines the concept of urban flood resilience and outlines its practical applications in flood risk management, proposing an integrated resilience governance framework. The framework systematically enhances urban flood management by combining structural flood mitigation methods with advanced technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT) and non-structural decision-support tools powered by Machine Learning Algorithms (MLAs). This integrated approach aims to improve early flood warning systems, optimize urban infrastructure planning, and reduce flood-related risks. The case study of the Cypress Creek watershed validates the framework’s effectiveness under specific scenarios, achieving reductions of 25% in inundation area, 30% in peak flow, and 20% in total flood volume. These results not only demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in mitigating flood impacts but also provide empirical support for developing resilient urban governance models, highlighting the essential role of adaptive policy instruments in urban flood management.

Twitter data as a linked digital phenotype in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

This data note describes the collection and linkage of participants' Twitter data as a digital phenotype in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) multi-generational birth cohort study. Twitter (renamed X in 2023) is a social media platform based around a micro-blog format. Digital phenotyping represents a novel opportunity for cohort studies to collect data with a low participant burden, and outside of discrete measurement periods. The ALSPAC governance framework supports the ethical consenting, storage and sharing of social media data, and linking Twitter data with wider cohort data provides opportunities to assess Twitter data quality concerns in a research context. All adults currently participating in ALSPAC (N=26,205) were invited to take part, which included the index cohort and their parents. N=3,247 indicated that they were Twitter users, 26% of these (N=835) consented and 19% (N=623) had their data successfully linked. Data were collected using our open-source software, Epicosm in February 2023. Approximately two thirds of the linked Twitter cohort are from the index cohort generation, and the remainder from the parent generation. In general, linked participants are representative of the general ALSPAC cohort, with the exception of having slightly higher educational attainment. This is consistent with previous research into the demographics of Twitter users. Overall the linked dataset contains 1,488,517 posts (tweets) from between 2008 and 2023, with 27% of these being 'retweets'. The available data includes information derived from a range of commonly used sentiment scoring algorithms, type of tweet, public metrics such as likes and retweets, and the time and date of the tweet. Controls are in place to maintain the anonymity of cohort participants, and data linkage is managed by ALSPAC’s data linkage team to reduce disclosure risk. This ensures high standards of data security and ethical use of social media data.