Governance Framework Research Articles

From Policy to Reality: Examining the Rippling Effects of Return Migration Governance in Nigeria

In the global effort to address irregular migration, leaders from Africa and Europe collaborate to implement policies aimed at enabling the safe return and reintegration of migrants. Nigeria played a vital role as a regional partner in this effort, as highlighted in the 2015 Valletta Summit. However, challenges faced by returnees, including violence, job scarcity, and limited resources, demonstrate that these policies are not without difficulties. This article examines the expanding return migration industry in Nigeria, its connections to EU border policies, and its socioeconomic and political impacts. Through empirical analysis, the study explores the roles of different actors in facilitating return and reintegration processes, including governmental bodies, intermediaries such as the International Organization for Migration and the lesser known German Society for International Cooperation, and local civil society organizations. The analysis reveals the rippling effects of return and reintegration policies, including the establishment of new industries and services, changes in governance and organizational frameworks, and notable economic and spatial transformations. Key issues examined include the influence of corruption, the role of international organizations like the International Organization for Migration, and the experiences of returnees and local civil society groups. The article concludes by calling for the decolonization of migration governance, enhanced transparency and accountability, and the centering of returnees’ voices and perspectives to develop more equitable and responsive interventions.

Artificial Intelligence and Information Governance: Strengthening Global Security, through Compliance Frameworks, and Data Security

This study examines the dual role of artificial intelligence (AI) in advancing and challenging global information governance and data security. By leveraging methodologies such as Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA), the study investigates AI-specific vulnerabilities, governance gaps, and the effectiveness of compliance frameworks. Data from the MITRE ATT&CK Framework, AI Incident Database, Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI), and National Vulnerability Database (NVD) form the empirical foundation for this analysis. Key findings reveal that AI-driven data breaches exhibit the highest regulatory scores (0.72) and dependency levels (0.81), underscoring the critical need for robust compliance frameworks in high-risk AI environments. PCA identifies regulatory gaps (45.3% variance) and AI technology type (30.2% variance) as significant factors influencing security outcomes. SEM highlights governance strength as a primary determinant of security effectiveness (coefficient = 0.68, p < 0.001), while MCDA underscores the importance of adaptability in governance frameworks for addressing AI-specific threats. The study recommends adopting quantum-resistant encryption, enhancing international cooperation, and integrating AI automation with human oversight to fortify governance structures. These insights provide actionable strategies for policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers to navigate the complexities of AI governance and align technological advancements with ethical and security imperatives in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

PROFITABILITY DETERMINANTS OF INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANKS: FINANCING TO DEPOSIT RATIO AND GOVERNANCE

This study examines the impact of the FDR on the profitability of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia, GCG as an intervening variable. The analysis utilizes financial data from 2015 to 2019, collected from annual reports and financial statements of selected banks. The study employs regression and mediation analyses to test the hypotheses. The results indicate that FDR does not significantly affect profitability, measured by ROA. Furthermore, GCG does not mediate the relationship between FDR and ROA. These findings suggest that other factors may play a more critical role in determining the profitability of Islamic banks. The study underscores the importance of adopting conservative financing strategies and enhancing corporate governance frameworks tailored to Sharia compliance. These insights provide valuable recommendations for bank managers and policymakers to improve financial performance and ensure sustainable growth in the Islamic banking sector.

Governance Considerations of Adversarial Attacks on AI Systems

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into various aspects of daily life, but its susceptibility to adversarial attacks poses significant governance challenges. This paper explores the nature of these attacks, where malicious actors manipulate input data to deceive AI algorithms and their profound implications for individuals and society. Adversarial attacks can undermine critical AI applications, such as facial recognition and natural language processing, leading to privacy violations, biased outcomes, and eroding public trust. The discussion emphasizes understanding the threat vectors associated with adversarial attacks and their potential repercussions. It advocates for robust governance frameworks encompassing risk management, oversight, and legislative measures to protect AI systems. Such frameworks should prioritize AI technologies' confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) while ensuring compliance with ethical standards. Furthermore, the paper examines various strategies for mitigating risks associated with adversarial attacks, including training and continuous monitoring of AI systems. It highlights the importance of accountability among developers and researchers in implementing preventive measures that align with principles of transparency and fairness. Organizations can enhance security and foster public trust by integrating legislative frameworks into AI development standards. As AI technologies evolve, continuous review of governance practices is essential to address emerging threats effectively. This paper ultimately focuses on the critical role of comprehensive governance in safeguarding AI systems against adversarial attacks, ensuring that technological advancements benefit society while minimizing risks.

Enhancing Information Technology Governance in Universities: A Smart Chatbot System based on Information Technology Infrastructure Library

The rapid evolution of information and communication technologies has created a pressing need for higher education institutions to modernize their Information Technology (IT) governance practices. This article proposes an innovative solution to enhance the governance and efficiency of IT services while optimizing and personalizing user experience. The proposed solution consists of a chatbot using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) combined with the Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) standard to automate the management of IT services in the digital work environment (ENT). Intended for students, teachers, and administrators, this chatbot provides reactive support by responding to requests, reducing waiting times, and improving satisfaction. It also helps decrease operational costs and the workload of support teams by autonomously handling recurring requests. Beyond efficiency improvements, the chatbot contributes significantly to IT governance by providing structured service management, improving decision-making through real-time data, and supporting compliance with governance frameworks. An online survey conducted among 120 students revealed slow processing of requests and unavailability of services, justifying the need for this chatbot. The chatbot was designed with advanced NLP and Machine Learning (ML) technologies. Preliminary tests demonstrate the chatbot’s response reliability, with an accuracy rate of 96% and a response time decrease to an average of 4.17 seconds. The use of chatbots has considerable potential for universities to improve the efficiency of digital services offered to students.

Practices of Good Governance in Budhanilkantha Municipality: Local Government Initiatives

This article explores good governance practices and public service delivery by elected representatives and administrative staff in Budhanilkantha Municipality, Nepal. It examines local government initiatives and emphasizes key principles of good governance such as accountability, transparency, justice, and participation. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, incorporating surveys and interviews, to assess key governance indicators, including transparency, accountability, public participation, and service delivery. Likewise, a stratified sampling method was used to select 120 respondents from all wards of Budhanilkantha Municipality. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of governance practices in the Municipality, highlighting strengths and improvement areas. While awareness of governance principles is generally high, challenges such as limited public participation, delayed public service delivery, and varying levels of transparency persist. The research underscores the importance of citizen engagement and the proactive implementation of good governance mechanisms to foster trust, enhance service delivery, and support sustainable local development. The insights derived from this case study offer valuable guidance for policymakers, practitioners, and community stakeholders seeking to strengthen governance frameworks at the local level.

A roadmap for a Metaverse-based digital governance: A case of the Gambia.

This paper explores the integration of Metaverse technologies into the digital governance framework of The Gambia, in order to identify the sectors where these innovations can be implemented most effectively. Driven by the pursuit of cutting-edge solutions to improve governance, improve public service delivery, and promote citizen engagement, the study uses qualitative analysis methodologies, including interviews with Information Technology (IT) professionals and an examination of government reports. Through the application of NVivo software for data analysis, essential themes and areas suitable for Metaverse applications were uncovered. These include the potential of the Metaverse to fundamentally transform sectors such as education, public service, infrastructure development, urban planning, and cultural heritage tourism. Despite recognizing the capacity of the Metaverse for transformative impact, this research identifies significant obstacles, including technical infrastructure readiness, ethical issues, and the need for policy reform. The findings highlight the need to address these challenges through substantial improvements in digital infrastructure, literacy, ethical guidelines, and policy frameworks. The study calls for a multistakeholder collaboration model, which incorporates government, the private sector, academia, and international bodies, to ensure the successful integration of the Metaverse into the digital governance of The Gambia. Offering comprehensive insights and strategic recommendations, this research underscores the collective effort required of all stakeholders to harness the full potential of the Metaverse, thus facilitating an inclusive and efficient digital governance ecosystem in the Gambia.

Unmasking inequalities of the code: Disentangling the nexus of AI and inequality

This article provides an interdisciplinary exploration of the complex dynamics between artificial intelligence (AI) and inequality, drawing upon social sciences and technology studies. It scrutinises the power dynamics that shape the development, deployment, and utilisation of AI technologies, and how these dynamics influence access to and control over AI resources. To do so, we employ Margaret Archer's social realism framework to illuminate the ways in which AI systems can reinforce various forms of inequalities. This theoretical perspective underscores the dynamic interplay between social context, individual agency, and the processes of morphostasis and morphogenesis, offering a nuanced understanding of how inequalities are reproduced and potentially transformed within the AI context. We further discuss the challenges posed by the access and opportunity divide, privacy and surveillance concerns, and the digital divide in the context of AI. We propose co-ownership as a potential solution to economic inequalities induced by AI, suggesting that stakeholders contributing to AI development should have significant claims of ownership. We also advocate for the recognition of AI systems as legal entities, which could provide a mechanism for accountability and compensation in cases of privacy breaches. Finally, we conclude by emphasising the need for robust data governance frameworks, global governance, and a commitment to social justice in navigating the complex landscape of AI and inequality.

Governance Framework of the Centre of Government

Abstract Research purpose. The study aims to analyse the existing governance framework within the Centre of Government (CoG) in Latvia, exploring operational functions of the CoG, including function implemented by the CoG – to participate in all selection and nomination processes of members of the supervisory boards of state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and to provide proposals for strengthening the governance framework of the CoG. Design / Methodology / Approach. To compose the framework of the study, the state institutions that constitute the CoG in Latvia were first identified. In the next step of the study, according to the structure defined for the Latvian CoG, a literature review and data analysis were conducted on: (a) governance and its key principles of good governance in public administration and corporate governance, (b) the operational functions performance within the CoG, including its participation in the process of members selection and nomination for the supervisory boards of SOEs. Based on the study results, suggestions for the system of criteria for the governance framework of the CoG were developed. Findings. Following the study into the governance framework of the CoG, it is discovered that effectiveness indicators are underused, and quality indicators need rationalization. The findings of the study suggest that the quality of the operational functions of CoG can be measured through the outcomes of the selection and nomination process for potential members of the supervisory boards of SOEs. Based on the study results, the following additional findings were made: (a) in order to achieve good corporate governance results in the selection and nomination process, it is necessary to utilize several additional criteria, which are essential not only for enhancing the effectiveness of the operational functions of CoG but also for effectiveness of the supervisory boards of SOEs; (b) to effectively ensure the development planning system’s process, thereby strengthening its governance, transparency and compliance throughout public administration, there is a necessity in Latvia to enhance the effectiveness of the document development, approval, and monitoring processes. Originality / Value / Practical implications. Proposed is a practically applicable criteria system, which allows to monitor and evaluate the management process at the CoG, thereby timely identifying areas of improvement and enhancing the overall quality of governance. The criteria system developed within the study can be flexibly adapted to governance framework development outside Latvia, particularly concerning issues related to the selection and nomination process and effective policy planning management. An original study approach has been implemented since the process of selection and nomination of supervisory board members of SOEs is considered in relation to the operational functions of the CoG.

Proposal for a Strategic Framework on Artificial Intelligence Governance in the Republic of Moldova

The article proposes the development for the Republic of Moldova of a framework for AI governance to align with EU standards, fostering digital transformation and economic growth. The strategic focus includes creating a robust digital ecosystem, enhancing human capacity, and promoting international cooperation. Key eff orts include Moldova’s participation in the EU’s Digital Europe Program and its signing of the Council of Europe’s AI Convention. The Digital Transformation Strategy (2023-2030) aims to develop a digital society and economy, supported by the National Council on Digital Transformation and the Sub-Council for AI and Data Governance (SCIA). Using a multidisciplinary and policy-oriented approach, the article draws on comparative analyses of international frameworks and Moldova’s contextual data to ensure a comprehensive strategy. The results emphasize the potential of responsible AI governance, the implementation of AI regulatory sandboxes, and alignment with EU standards to drive innovation, strengthen regulatory flexibility, and support Moldova’s EU accession aspirations.

Navigating the Complexities of ESG Integration: Challenges, Opportunities and Path to Sustainable Corporate Development

This study focuses on the practical application of the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) framework and examines its role in promoting corporate sustainability and fulfilling social responsibilities. Through an analysis of theoretical frameworks, literature, and case studies, the paper highlights the major challenges ESG frameworks face in corporate operations, including stakeholder conflicts, short-term financial pressures, policy resistance, and inconsistent quantitative standards. Despite the significant achievements of ESG frameworks in enhancing brand reputation, attracting investors, and guiding sustainable development, the research also identifies issues such as "greenwashing," which undermine their overall credibility and effectiveness. The study suggests that companies must deeply integrate ESG principles with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), leveraging innovation and improving transparency to transform social responsibility into competitive advantages, thereby driving the global economy's green transition and sustainable development.

'I am more than my diagnosis': Amplifying the voice of consumers in the design and delivery of mental health services.

In line with the Australian Government's Vision 2030, this research foregrounds consumer experiences of recovery to inform the (co)design and delivery of mental health services for people living with complex needs and/or a severe and persistent mental health condition. The research takes a specialist focus on the regional setting, with data collected from client experiences within Western NSW, Australia, in the context of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) implementation and inclusion of psycho-social disability within the NDIS service environment. Thirty-seven people aged 19-70 years living with complex needs and/or a diagnosis of a severe and persistent mental health condition were recruited from services where they had a care plan or where they were members of a consumer reference group for recovery-oriented services. A tripartite framework integrating recovery oriented, trauma-informed and collective impact approaches for a qualitative, arts-based (photovoice) study. In areas of the mental health service system that had not yet applied a personalised understanding of recovery or embraced trauma-informed practice there were a range of issues and gaps in service delivery relating to authentic relationships, belonging and connection, service cultures, trauma-informed care, and workforce investment. Clinical and non-clinical services need to ensure consistent person-centred and trauma-informed practice is implemented throughout the mental health service system to meet the needs of the consumer. An eight-point checklist serves as the basis for services to reflect on how they are working with consumers and to support the review of systems and clinical governance frameworks.

The Components of Data Governance Framework for MOOC Providers in Indonesia

The Components of Data Governance Framework for MOOC Providers in Indonesia

Data governance best practices for the AI-ready airport

Airports generate vast amounts of data across various systems that are crucial for operational efficiency, safety and enhanced passenger experience. As airports increasingly rely on this data in order to adapt to evolving passenger experience demands, business environments and regulatory requirements, data governance becomes essential for managing, safeguarding and leveraging data effectively. A robust data governance framework provides the structure for ensuring data quality, security and compliance while enabling airports to harness data for artificial intelligence (AI) applications such as predictive maintenance and passenger flow management. By starting with a clear scope, objectives and policies, airports can build a data governance framework that addresses both current needs and future challenges. This paper explores the role of data governance in making airports AI-ready, outlining best practices for implementing a governance programme. It highlights the importance of tools such as data lineage tracking and the need for strong data security measures to comply with regulations such as General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The paper also emphasises the need for a culture of accountability, outlining key roles such as data stewards and chief data officers (CDOs) to ensure consistent, robust data management. As AI adoption grows, airports must focus on maintaining data integrity, fostering transparency and ensuring regulatory compliance to unlock the full potential of their data assets while safeguarding privacy and building stakeholder trust.

A governance framework model for cloud computing: role of AI, security, compliance, and management

The rapid adoption of cloud computing has transformed how organizations manage their IT resources, necessitating robust governance frameworks to address the complexities and risks inherent in cloud environments. This review proposes a comprehensive governance framework model that integrates the roles of artificial intelligence (AI), security, compliance, and management to enhance the effectiveness of cloud operations. AI plays a critical role in optimizing resource allocation and improving decision-making processes within cloud governance. By leveraging machine learning algorithms, organizations can achieve dynamic resource management, predictive analytics, and automated compliance monitoring, which enhance operational efficiency and reduce human error. Furthermore, the integration of AI in security management facilitates real-time threat detection and response, allowing organizations to proactively mitigate risks associated with data breaches and cyberattacks. Security is a paramount concern in cloud governance, given the shared responsibility model between cloud providers and clients. This framework emphasizes the implementation of comprehensive security measures, including data encryption, identity management, and incident response protocols, to safeguard sensitive information and maintain customer trust. Compliance with regulatory requirements is essential in ensuring organizational accountability and minimizing legal risks. The proposed governance model incorporates automated compliance checks and reporting mechanisms, ensuring adherence to industry-specific regulations such as GDPR and HIPAA. Moreover, effective management of cloud resources is crucial for optimizing performance and controlling costs. The governance framework outlines best practices for lifecycle management, cost optimization, and resource allocation, enabling organizations to achieve their strategic objectives. This governance framework model underscores the importance of integrating AI, security, compliance, and management for a holistic approach to cloud governance, providing organizations with the necessary tools to navigate the complexities of cloud computing while maximizing its benefits.

Upscaling marine and coastal restoration through legal and governance solutions: Lessons from global bright spots

There is a global imperative to upscale restoration in line with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Upscaling of marine and coastal restoration is hindered by legal and governance barriers. Identifying both the types of barriers and potential solutions from global ‘bright spots’ is a first step toward implementing legal and governance frameworks to facilitate upscaling of marine and coastal restoration. Here we identify five types of barriers including (a) lack of fit-for-purpose permitting frameworks, (b) tenure issues, (c) concerns regarding risk and liability, (d) a lack of overarching targets for restoration, and (e) uncoordinated governance frameworks. For each barrier, we conduct a broad analysis of legal and governance solutions from across the world. Our analysis provides a guide for future research and law and governance reform.

Optimizing procurement efficiency: Frameworks for data-driven cost reduction and strategic vendor management

This paper explores data-driven frameworks for optimizing procurement efficiency, focusing on cost reduction strategies and strategic vendor management. Procurement is critical in enhancing operational resilience and supporting organizational objectives in an era of increasing financial pressures and complex supply chains. The study examines data analytics approaches, such as spend analysis, predictive cost modeling, and demand forecasting, which enable organizations to uncover cost-saving opportunities and streamline procurement processes. Additionally, it highlights how data-driven vendor management, through continuous evaluation, risk assessment, and performance tracking, contributes to sustainable supply chain efficiency. Key recommendations include establishing data governance frameworks, investing in advanced analytics tools, enhancing data literacy among procurement teams, and fostering transparent supplier relationships. By integrating analytics into procurement strategies, organizations can achieve long-term cost efficiency, build stronger supplier partnerships, and support sustainable growth.

Sustainable data management and governance using AI

In the digital era, sustainable data management and governance have become paramount as organizations grapple with increasing volumes of data and stringent regulatory requirements. This article explores the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing sustainable data management practices. We examine how AI technologies, including machine learning and natural language processing, support data governance frameworks by automating compliance monitoring, improving data quality, and managing risks. The article highlights the benefits of AI-driven approaches, such as energy efficiency, resource optimization, and environmental impact reduction. Through real-world case studies, we illustrate successful AI implementations and the lessons learned, addressing challenges and solutions encountered during these processes. Looking forward, we discuss emerging AI technologies, predictions for the future, and their potential impact across various industries. The article underscores the importance of adopting AI for sustainable data practices and calls for organizations to integrate ethical considerations into their AI-driven governance models to achieve both operational efficiency and responsible data stewardship.

Advancing Cybersecurity Governance: Adaptive Resilience and Strategic Third-Party Risk Management in Financial Services

As cyberattacks increase, banks and financial firms face new challenges. This research aims to improve cybersecurity by integrating adaptive resilience and strategic third-party risk management into current systems. This study uses thorough qualitative research methods to assess existing frameworks, identifying shortcomings that put companies at more risk. Findings reveal that firms using adaptive resilience - where governance policies adjust with real-time threat information and post-incident evaluation after incidents are much better at preventing and addressing cyber attacks. This paper stresses the importance of including third-party risk management in a comprehensive governance framework, as weaknesses in these relationships often lead to breaches. This study contributes critical insights and a strategic framework for financial institutions to bolster their defenses against sophisticated cyber threats, ensuring sustained resilience and security.

Zakat Management from a Good Governance Perspective in Siak Regency (Study at the Zakat Collection Unit in Tualang District)

To assist the government in closing the socio-economic gap in society, Muslims' zakat must be managed professionally as a source of income. society, Muslim zakat must be managed professionally as a potential resource. potential resources. To help manage zakat in the region, BAZNAS Siak Regency has built fourteen Zakat Utilization Units (UPZ). One of the UPZ with a low level of zakat collection is UPZ Tualang sub-district. The amount of zakat distributed and the number of Muslim population are not comparable, as well as the level of zakat collection. population is not comparable, so is the collection rate. If supported by good governance framework, optimal zakat management can be achieved. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of Zakat Management in Siak Regency based on Good Governance. Management in Siak Regency based on Good Governance, especially in UPZ Tualang District. Tualang. The examination technique used is subjective exploration with a contextual investigation approach using contextual investigation approach by using the hypothesis of Great Administration hypothesis according to the Unified Country Improvement Program (UNDP) in Khairudin, Soewito, and Aminah (2021) which has 9 factors, namely Guidelines Cooperation, Order, Straightforwardness, Responsiveness, Located Agreement, Fair, Convincing and Effective, Responsibility, and Primary Vision. The results of the study concluded that the management of zakat, especially in the Zakat Collection Unit (UPZ) of Tualang District, was not optimal because of the nine principles of good governance, namely the principles of participation, responsiveness and accountability, which found three obstacles, namely low public knowledge about zakat, ineffective socialization, and amil was not focused on managing zakat. Based on the results of this research, it is hoped that the community can more involved in the management of zakat in UPZ Tualang Regency, and the UPZ administrators are expected to be more effective in managing zakat. UPZ administrators are expected to be more effective in carrying out their duties in managing zakat and educating the public about zakat. managing zakat and educating the public about zakat.