Foundations Of Theory Research Articles

A joint diffusion/collision model for crystal growth in pure liquid metals

The kinetics of atomic attachments at the liquid/solid interface is one of the foundations of solidification theory, and to date one of the long-standing questions remains: whether or not the growth is thermal activated in pure liquid metals. Using molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning, I have demonstrated that a considerable fraction of liquid atoms at the interfaces of Al(111), (110) and (100) needs thermal activation for growth to take place while the others attach to the crystal without an energy barrier. My joint diffusion/collision model is proved to be robust in predicting the general growth behaviour of pure metals. Here, I show this model is able to quantitatively describe the temperature dependence of growth kinetics and to properly interpret some important experimental observations, and it significantly advances our understanding of solidification theory and also is useful for modelling solidification, phase change materials and lithium dendrite growth in lithium-ion battery.

Reviewing feminist macroeconomics for the twenty-first century

Feminist macroeconomics draws on the notion that the gender system is both cause and consequence of macroeconomic structures, outcomes, and policies. In contrast, mainstream and heterodox macroeconomics have done little to integrate gender as an analytical tool in macro-modelling. This paper defines the subfield of feminist macroeconomics, explores its origins, and provides a systematic review of its literature. Drawing on Seguino (2013), the paper divides the subfield in three main strands: (i) feminist growth theory and gender dimensions of macro-level policies, (ii) macro-modelling and theoretical foundations of the care economy, and (iii) social infrastructure and intra-household allocation. The paper discusses potential ways to expand the foci of feminist macroeconomic research and considers challenges to the subfield such as methodological issues regarding male-biased metrics and limited data availability and the tensions with mainstream approaches to gender and the macroeconomy.

Weight bound constraints in mean-variance models: a robust control theory foundation via machine learning

Using an innovative representation of the weight bound constrained Markowitz's (Portfolio selection. J. Finance, 1952, 7, 77–91) mean-variance model, developed using the support vector data description, a machine learning algorithm introduced by Tax and Duin (Support vector data description. Mach. Learn., 2004, 54, 45–66), we provide an innovative interpretation of the robustness of these bound constraints in terms of robust control theory in the sense of Hansen and Sargent (Robust control and model uncertainty. Am. Econ. Rev., 2001, 91, 60–66). Building on these insights, firstly, we detail the method for quantifying the degree of misspecification in Markowitz's (1952) mean-variance model using its counterpart with weight upper bounds. Additionally, we show that this degree of misspecification is a decreasing piecewise linear function of the bound. Secondly, we empirically investigate two simulation-based methods, inspired by Michaud's (The Markowitz optimization enigma: Is ‘optimized’ optimal? Financ. Anal. J., 1989, 45, 31–42) resampling technique, for choosing the bound. Thirdly, we compare the robustness of the weight upper bound constrained mean-variance model with that of Goldfarb and Iyengar's (Robust portfolio selection problems. Math. Oper. Res., 2003, 28, 1–38) robust maximum return model.

Statistical wave field theory.

In this paper, we introduce the foundations of the Statistical Wave Field Theory. This theory establishes the statistical laws of waves propagating in a closed bounded volume, that are mathematically implied by the boundary-value problem of the wave equation. These laws are derived from the Sturm-Liouville theory and the mathematical theory of dynamical billiards. They hold after many reflections on the boundary surface, and at high frequency. This is the first statistical theory of reverberation which provides the closed-form expression of the power distribution and the correlations of the wave field jointly over time, frequency, and space inside the bounded volume, in terms of the geometry and the specific admittance of its boundary surface. The Statistical Wave Field Theory may find applications in various science fields, including room acoustics, electromagnetic theory, and nuclear physics.

Evaluation of Theory of Remedial Secession in International Law and Its Corresponds to the Demand for Independence of the Kurdistan Region

The main subject of this study is “Remedial secession,” which emerged associated with the global development and promotion of human rights in a non-colonial context as a new theory of the principle of external self-determination right. In this respect, this study aims to analyze the direction and history of the Remedial secession paradigm and explain how the doctrine of this theory has formed and turned into conventional practice. Besides, in addition to a description of the foundation of remedial succession theory, several successful practical patterns of implementation of this theory all around the world have been introduced. Finally, the conventional position and legislation process of the theory of remedial succession in international law were evaluated and based on the current theory, the separation of the Kurdistan Region from Iraq was studied.

Extending non-adiabatic rate theory to strong electronic couplings in the Marcus inverted regime

Electron transfer reactions play an essential role in many chemical and biological processes. Fermi’s golden rule (GR), which assumes that the coupling between electronic states is small, has formed the foundation of electron transfer rate theory; however, in short range electron/energy transfer reactions, this coupling can become very large, and, therefore, Fermi’s GR fails to make even qualitatively accurate rate predictions. In this paper, I present a simple modified GR theory to describe electron transfer in the Marcus inverted regime at arbitrarily large electronic coupling strengths. This theory is based on an optimal global rotation of the diabatic states, which makes it compatible with existing methods for calculating GR rates that can account for nuclear quantum effects with anharmonic potentials. Furthermore, the optimal GR (OGR) theory can also be combined with analytic theories for non-adiabatic rates, such as Marcus theory and Marcus–Levich–Jortner theory, offering clear physical insights into strong electronic coupling effects in non-adiabatic processes. OGR theory is also tested on a large set of spin-boson models and an anharmonic model against exact quantum dynamics calculations, where it performs well, correctly predicting rate turnover at large coupling strengths. Finally, an example application to a boron-dipyrromethane–anthracene photosensitizer reveals that strong coupling effects inhibit excited state charge recombination in this system, reducing the rate of this process by a factor of 4. Overall, OGR theory offers a new approach to calculating electron transfer rates at strong couplings, offering new physical insights into a range of non-adiabatic processes.

Aportes del pensamiento crítico latinoamericano contemporáneo para el abordaje de las migraciones internacionales como una problemática mundial de la actualidad

The article examines the significant contribution of contemporary Latin American critical thinking to the understanding of international migrations as a current global issue. It emphasizes the need to approach the migratory phenomenon in a transdisciplinary manner, while analyzing the marked disparities present in the world and the lack of coherent responses in a globally interconnected context driven more by the interests of capital than by human needs. The article highlights the importance of incorporating the perspective of the "other" in a comprehensive approach to migrations, emphasizing the crucial consideration of human rights as an integral component of migration policies. Furthermore, it posits the thesis that the current treatment and management of international migrations have failed, being approached from a securitist model and from the perspective of the nation-state, where preeminence lies in migration control and economic interests. Conversely, it emphasizes the need to address this complex issue from an integral perspective, within the framework of North-South asymmetrical relations, acknowledging that forced migration is one of the manifestations of a civilizational crisis that humanity is undergoing. This theoretical approach is made viable through the foundations of contemporary critical theory and Latin American philosophy, providing a contextualized perspective for understanding the complexity of migratory dynamics.

Towards an Abolitionist Concept of Beauty: The Aesthetics of Counter-Communities

Abstract: Many oppressed groups describe their forms of life in aesthetic categories. This article explores the implicit conception of beauty and the shared characteristics of counter-communal aesthetic practices. It reconstructs the hegemonic conception of beauty via a reading of Schiller and explores two exemplary discourses on the beauty of counter-communities: Peter Weiss' reflections on the aesthetics of resistance and Saidiya Hartman's description of Black fugitive aesthetics. What both examples share is that they locate beauty not in harmony, but in conflict and struggle. They lay the foundation for an aesthetic standpoint theory: counter-communities are economically, politically and culturally marginalized, but they are more beautiful than dominant forms of life.

The Evolution of the Theory of Innovation Ecosystems in the Context of Strategisation

Introduction. The theory of innovation occupies one of the leading positions within the modern paradigm of economic development, as innovation is recognised as a driver of productivity improvement and cost optimisation, microeconomic stability, and macroeconomic growth. The determinants of innovation theory have become more profound, forming a synthesis with theories of economic cycles, technological development, entrepreneurship, management, and decision-making. Consequently, the theory of innovation has evolved, and the study of this process provides an up-to-date view of the theoretical foundation of innovation ecosystems. Aim and tasks. The aim is to systematise the stages of the evolution of the theory of innovation and strategic management and formalise the theoretical foundation of the modern theory of innovation ecosystems in the context of strategisation. Results. A systematic study of the genesis and ontogenesis of the theory of innovation and anagenesis of the theory of innovation ecosystem in the context of strategisation led to the determination of the characteristics of aromorphosis. Genesis and ontogenesis include the growing complexity of the innovation ecosystem and its adaptability to the changing innovation ecosystem in the long term, the dynamism of the composition of the innovation ecosystem without changing its strategic goals, the need for a second level of adaptation of the strategy of an individual actor within the strategy of the innovation ecosystem and strategic role, and increasing the integration of actors of the innovation process into systemic business processes (planning, organisation, motivation, control). Actors’ joint development within the ecosystem on mutually beneficial terms and possibilities for the strategic expansion of the innovation ecosystem locally and globally were analysed. In addition, the externalities of the development and spread of innovative ecosystems are outlined, and their strategic orientations are formulated. Conclusions. Due to anagenesis, an innovative ecosystem based on strategising improves adaptive resistance to changes in the external environment. Aromorphosis of an innovative ecosystem within anagenesis makes it possible to consider the properties of adaptation to the changing innovative ecotope as the basis of its theoretical foundation in the long term, the dynamism of the composition of the innovation ecosystem without changing its strategic goals, and the increasing integration of innovation process actors into systemic business processes.

Main principles of the socio-psychological phenomenon in housing architecture research: an overview of scientific theories

This study conducts an analytical review and systematization of modern scientific theories of the 21st century related to various aspects of contemporary housing space development. A detailed analysis of literary sources and academic interests in this field has established that a comprehensive description of the socio-psychological phenomenon in the context of housing architecture requires the integration of positions based on theoretical approaches from architecture, urban planning, psychology, sociology, and political science. The primary focus of scholarly interest is the systemic consideration of key theoretical positions that represent the socio-psychological phenomenon, as well as the explication of scientific models capable of integrating the intangible aspects of the "human dimension" into the research context of architectural space and urban planning. The aim of the article is to identify key positions and regularities that exist in modern urban-architectural theories. To achieve this goal, the article outlines the following main tasks: Systematization and critical analysis of 15 scientific theories concerning the socio-psychological aspects of architecture and urbanism; Identification of the main regularities on which the researched theories are based; Integration of diverse disciplinary perspectives (architecture, urbanism, sociology, psychology) into a unified theoretical framework for a comprehensive study of the interrelations that influence the architectural organization of the human residential environment. These tasks will allow for the identification of connections and regularities in the scientific theories of architecture and urbanism, theoretical approaches, and facilitate their application in the process of creating more harmonious living spaces. The object of the study are 15 scientific theories in the field of architecture and urban planning, which were either created or have become widely recognized in the scholarly literature in the 21st century. The subject of the study is the interrelationships between the socio-psychological aspects of human life activity, which directly influence the formation of the residential environment. Among the research methods used in this article is a scientific review of academic literature, including scientific articles, books, conference abstracts, dissertations, and other scholarly publications. This stage involves the identification and selection of relevant sources focused on architecture, sociology, psychology, urbanism, and political science with an emphasis on the residential environment and its socio-psychological aspects. After conducting an exhaustive integrative analysis, fundamental principles describing the socio-psychological dimension in the architecture of urban residential spaces were highlighted. Based on the obtained data, the conceptual foundations of the socio-psychological theory of architecture were characterized. Thus, this study focuses on the necessity of forming the foundations of socially oriented architectural practice that reflects modern human needs in the context of rapid social changes and the evolution of the spatial-cultural environment.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the effect of mycorrhizal colonization on trifoliate orange root hair

Trifoliate orange (Pocirus trifoliata) as an excellent stock for citrus, but it has few root hairs and relies on mycorrhiza (AM) formed by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to absorb soil nutrients and water, and there are few studies on the relationship between trifoliate orange root hair and AMF. This experiment analyzed the conditioning of AMF in trifoliate orange root hair growth from multiple perspectives. The results showed that AMF inoculation promoted root hair in citrus (eg: density and length) and the AMF mycorrhizal infection rate was 49.12 %. Metabolic and transcriptomic data of root also show that AMF promotes the development of root hair mainly by influencing hormone transduction and biosynthesis. The analysis of hormone synthesis signal transduction expression profile showed that AMF infection significantly up-regulated auxin, gibberellin, ethylene and cytokinin synthesis and signal transduction pathway, and also up-regulated auxin transport and jasmonic acid transduction. Analysis of root hair growth-related genes showed that AMF infection the up-regulated genes correlate with cell wall loosening, Ca2+ gradient and cell cycle, thereby facilitate the formation and elongation of root hair. In summary, AMF regulates trifoliate orange root hair growth through plant hormone metabolism and related key genes, thus increases the root surface area and further promotes the infection of AMF. In order to provide theory foundation for exploring the mechanism of AMF regulating trifoliate orange root hair growth.

THERE IS SUCH A SCIENCE.A.V. FEDOROV: TRANSLATION THEORY IS A SPECIAL DISCIPLINE

Seventy years after the first publication of the Russian author Andrei V. Fedorov’s book Introduction to Translation Theory, specifically focused on translation studies, the present article makes an attempt to highlight once again Mr Fedorov’s contribution to laying the foundations for a universal translation theory and to observe, in retrospect, the peripeteia of its naming, the identification of its research field, its subject-matter and issues against the backdrop of various social, ideological and research contexts. Special emphasis is put on the functional concept of translation; the connection between linguistic stylistics and the theory of translation is retraced; an interpretation of different mid-twentieth-century scholars’ outlooks on the correlation between language and thinking, as well as the main categories of translation studies, is proposed.

Cryptoeconomics: Financial Market Security Aspects and Implications for Managerial Accounting

"The development of modern information technologies and the processes of globalization are key factors for the emergence and spread of virtual currency. The legal status of cryptocurrency is still uncertain. It is considered both as a modern means of payment and as a speculative tool for illegal activities. However, despite such diametrically opposed interpretations, the fact that economic realities are constantly changing is unconditional. The IFRS reporting system is no exception, which should adapt to new challenges in a timely manner and take into account the need to disclose information about new progressive elements as much as possible. The article aims to analyze the economic and financial essence of cryptocurrencies, assess the phenomenon of the crypto economy and its impact on the financial market and monetary policy, as well as to outline appropriate implications for the corporate level – namely, for management accounting. The methodology is based on a theoretical analysis of cryptographic protocols and tools for investment and macroeconomic analysis, some approaches of economic theory. It is shown that although today cryptocurrency is a speculative, high-risk instrument, cryptoeconomics is increasingly integrating into the global financial market, while the potential risks of this process still outweigh its benefits. Accordingly, at the micro-level, management accountants must understand the related risks and be able to explain the implications to the management team and the board of directors. The originality of research consists of an attempt to combine the analysis of macro- and micro-implications of emerging crypto economics based on an economic theory foundation."

MPPT constraint conditions based on four-parameter cell model for some usual photovoltaic systems

Hitherto there is no work to specially analyze in detail the question when the maximum power point (MPP) of the photovoltaic (PV) system exists and when it disappears. It has caused the difficulty in the hardware and software designs of the PV system when the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control must be implemented all the time. To solve this question, in this paper, the MPPT constraint conditions (MPPTCC) of the 12 usual PV systems are proposed under ideal conditions and expressed by the model parameters of the four-parameter cell model in the engineering application. They are the necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of the MPPs of these 12 PV systems. Meanwhile, they also disclose the inherent relationships between load (or bus voltage) and cell parameters when the MPP of the PV system always exists. In addition, to apply them in practice, their expressions in practical application are also presented. Finally, some simulation experiments verify the reasonableness and accuracy of these MPPTCC in practical application, and test the influence of the varying weather to the MPPT range. By this work, the possible failure of the MPPT control arising from the occasional disappearance of the MPP of the PV system can be completely avoided. Therefore, the findings in this work can be used as the theory foundation for the hardware design, theoretical research and product installation of the PV system.

Targeted stereology: sampling heterogeneously distributed structures and lesions in the lung

Stereology, the gold standard of lung morphometry, critically depends on sampling of tissue for analysis. Random sampling approaches guarantee each part of the organ an equal chance of being included in the analysis; hence, they guarantee a representative sample of the whole. However, when biological or pathological structures of interest are rare and/or heterogeneously distributed over the whole lung, the random sampling approach can be inefficient or even result in meaningless data. In such cases, a targeted sampling approach can be useful, which helps to relate the analytical items to an appropriate reference space. Targeted stereology greatly benefits from the increasing availability of multiresolution imaging techniques at macroscopic and microscopic levels as well as digital tools of segmentation. As such, this article outlines two basic sampling scenarios: 1) In the first scenario, computed tomography and microscopy are subsequently used to segment the airway/arterial tree and perform stereological measurements on specific branches of the tree. 2) The second scenario deals with the heterogeneous distribution of pathological lesions. This type of analysis can be divided into two stages: assessment of lesions of interest (LOIs) within the lung and assessment of subcompartments within LOIs. Taken together, targeted stereology has a thorough foundation in stereological theory and is able to not only significantly increase the efficiency of the analysis but also yield new types of information that would be lost with the classical random sampling approach.

‘I have to put my citizen's hat on’: Operational and societal mindsets to provide a new perspective on organisational decision‐making for sustainability

AbstractManagerial cognition research is becoming more prevalent in the corporate sustainability literature, providing insights as to how functioning of the mind impacts decision‐making. As we witness catastrophic decline of the planet's natural capital, entering the sixth wave of mass extinction, this study investigates decision‐making related to natural resource consumption through interviews with 32 decision‐makers in the construction/infrastructure and manufacturing industries. Drawing on mindset theory and interview data, we develop the concept of an operational mindset and a societal mindset. The study also identifies the occurrence of individuals switching between operational and societal mindsets when asked to consider the sustainability of key natural resources for the interviewees' organisations. While similarities exist with the prominent business case and paradoxical cognitive frames concept, a number of differences are identified by drawing on the foundations of mindset theory and extensive empirical research from its application in other business disciplines.

A full operating conditions ejector model for refrigeration systems driven by low-grade heat sources

The ejector refrigeration technology driven by low-grade heat sources constitutes as one of the crucial means to solve the energy shortage in present-day society and to reduce the global environmental pollution. Thermodynamics ejector models are the basis of performance prediction, system control and structural design in ejector refrigeration systems driven by low-grade heat sources. However, the majority of present ejector models are unable to simultaneously meet the general feasibility of full operating conditions and the level of prediction accuracy for improving the energy efficiency of the refrigeration system. In this study, a novel theoretical model of ejectors is successfully derived based on the foundation of compound-choking theory and gas dynamic relations, which easily predicts the entrainment performance under the on-design and off-design conditions in ejector refrigeration systems. Indeed, a direct solution algorithm is presented to quickly and accurately solve this model and a linear correlation is employed between the mixing loss coefficient and the back pressure at the subcritical mode. The developed model is verified with experimental results in R245fa, R134a and R600a ejector refrigeration system. The results show that the model provides a precise estimation of the entrainment performance with the mean relative errors of 2.45 %, 5.49 % and 3.67 % for R245fa, R134a and R600a refrigerants at full working conditions, while the prediction of critical condensing temperatures is considerably approximated by the experimental measurements. In the comparative analysis with the previous model, this model demonstrates a superior prediction performance, especially in the subcritical mode using the linear function mixing loss coefficient. This study will be a valuable aid in the improvement of energy efficiency in ejector refrigeration systems.

Smart platforming in automotive manufacturing for NetZero: Intelligentization, green technology, and innovation dynamics

Green technology innovation is integral to fostering sustainable economic development and environmental conservation. The application of smart product platform has emerged as a transformative force in shaping the trajectory of green technology innovation. Drawing on the foundation of knowledge theory and utilizing a sample of 1240 valid cases from listed Chinese automotive manufacturing enterprises between 2013 and 2022, this paper employs a mixed regression method to explore the relationship between smart product platform usage and green technology innovation. Additionally, it analyzes the mediating role of corporate innovation input in this relationship and the moderating effect of intelligentization level on the association between smart product platform usage and green technology innovation. The research reveals the following key findings: (1) Corporate smart product platform usage and innovation input significantly and positively drive green technology innovation. (2) Innovation input acts as a complete mediator in the relationship between smart product platform usage and green technology innovation. (3) Corporate intelligentization level positively moderates the relationship between smart product platform usage and innovation input. (4) Considering regional and ownership attribute disparities, the impact of smart product platform usage on green technology innovation is asymmetric. This study, as one of the few empirical examinations of the effects of smart product platform, enriches research in the areas of smart product platform and green technology innovation. The study, contributing to the empirical understanding of smart product platforms, offers valuable insights for automotive manufacturing enterprises to strategically leverage these platforms for advanced and flexible operations, aligning with the imperative of achieving global environmental goals such as NetZero. As indicated in COP28, the findings underscore the urgency of integrating smart technologies into the automotive industry to advance these crucial environmental objectives.

Territorial Communities of France in International Cooperation with Eastern Countries and Regions (20th-21st Centuries)

This article explores the formation and development of transregional relations of territorial communities of France with Eastern countries and regions. It examines the interplay of centrifugal and centripetal tendencies in the “center-regions” relationship of the French Republic. The analysis focuses on the normative framework of international and foreign policy activities of French territorial communities based on national constitution and legislation. Traditional close ties of French regions with partners from European countries are discussed, with a special emphasis on collaborations with countries in Eastern and Southern Mediterranean, as well as North Africa. Partnership with distant Eastern territories is separately examined. The study is based on a comprehensive methodology incorporating principles of historicism, objectivity, comprehensiveness, historical-systemic and historical-comparative approaches, as well as theoretical foundations of multilevel governance theory. It includes an examination of the activities of various administrative units in France: regions, departments, municipalities, cities, and metropolises. The conclusion drawn is that the international activities of French regions are currently less active than those of regions in other European Union countries; however, in the 21st century, they have significantly intensified compared to previous periods.

Modeling the Factors Influencing the Quality of Life of Rural Left-Behind Women in Guangxi, China

Background: Based on the theoretical foundations of social support theory, empowerment theory and endogenous development theory, this study examines the relevant literature on "quality of life", "social services access", "socio-economic status", "organizational cooperation", "rehabilitation strategy" and "self-esteem" and other related literatures were sorted out. An exploratory study of the relationship between social service access, socioeconomic status, organizational cooperation, rehabilitation strategies, self-esteem and quality of life was conducted. Latent and observed variables are extracted to construct a model of factors influencing the quality of life of rural left-behind women in Guangxi, and relevant research hypotheses are proposed. This study attempts to clarify the relationship and interactions between social service access, socioeconomic status, organizational cooperation, rehabilitation strategy, self-esteem and quality of life, in order to explore the overall quality of life of rural left-behind women in Guangxi and related influencing factors, and to improve the quality of life of rural left-behind women in Guangxi. Objective: The objective was to find influencing factors to improve quality of life rural left behind women. Theoretical Framework: Through the above analysis, this study establishes a model of factors influencing the quality of life of rural left-behind women in Guangxi, China. Th(Wu Jing & Lang Ying, 2021)e model includes five independent variables: access to social services, socioeconomic status, organizational cooperation, rehabilitation strategies, and self-esteem, and one dependent variable, quality of life of left-behind women. The research framework model is shown in Figure 1 for reference: Method: This was a conceptual study Results and Discussion: The study found that social services access, socioeconomic status, organizational cooperation, rehabilitation strategies, and self-esteem have an impact on the quality of life of rural left-behind women in Guangxi. Social support, including government support, support from social organizations, support from other kinds of cooperative organizations, and support from the families of left-behind women, is very important to improve the quality of life of rural left-behind women. At the same time, the development of left-behind women themselves, including self-esteem and socio-economic status, is also important to improving their quality of life. Research Implications: The framework can help in human capital development of China with respect to women population who are left behind in rural area. Originality/Value: This study is not conducted yet in context of Guangxi province