Formation Of United Territorial Communities Research Articles

PROBLEMS AND RISKS OF DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER IN UKRAINE: REVIEW OF EXPERT OPINION

Considered opinions of the expert community of Ukraine regarding threats and risks on the way to implementing the reform of power decentralization in Ukraine. The decentralization of power and the formation of united territorial communities as the main subjects of local self-government, as well as the creation of prerequisites for their self-sufficient and economically efficient development, are unanimously recognized by domestic experts as the main vector of the modern development of the state-building system of Ukraine. Decentralization of power should become an effective tool for socio-economic development of territories, thanks to the efforts of independence of local self-government and increasing its activity, strengthening of local democracy. The inevitability of problems and risks of decentralization of power, which are objectively determined by the conditions affecting decentralization in Ukraine, is asserted. Selected problems and risks of a political, economic, socio-demographic, ecological, spatial and psychological nature. Experts separately point out the risk of using the decentralization policy for further disintegration of Ukraine in conditions of armed aggression by the Russian Federation. At the same time, the policy of decentralization in Ukraine can become an attractive alternative to Russian versions of the federalization of Ukraine.

ВПЛИВ ЛОКАЛЬНИХ ПОЛІТИЧНИХ ІДЕНТИЧНОСТЕЙ НА СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК ТЕРИТОРІАЛЬНИХ ГРОМАД

The article examines the influence of local political identities on the sustainable development of territorial communities. It is noted that local political identity is carried out not only in the political sphere but also in socio-economic practices. A steady increase of scientific interest in local political identities is associated with the decentralization reform and the formation of united territorial communities, the formation of regional political regimes and the regionalization of the party system. The article defines the goals, criteria, and tasks of sustainable development, which are implemented in the strategic development plans of states, urban areas and communities. It is indicated that the influence of local political identities on the capacity and sustainable development of communities is manifested, primarily, in the formation of local self-government bodies that adopt political documents regarding the implementation of current and strategic plans for the socio-economic development of the community, the principles and mechanisms of their implementation. The opportunities of carrying out the political identities of community residents in socio-economic activities depend on the development of local democracy, legal regulation, and instruments of influence of community residents on the formation of local politics (general meetings, petitions, public and electronic consultations, participation in public actions, etc.). It is shown that active public participation and self-organization of the population based on strengthening interested participation, trust and patriotism is an important component of achieving the SDGs at the local level. It is emphasized that it is the local identity that is the basis of cohesion around the SDGs, a guarantee of community members’ responsibility to future generations of the local community. The approaches to involving the public in the process of strategic planning in the community are analysed. It is emphasized that the mechanisms of implementation of public initiatives within the community and the perspective of political decisions of local authorities reflect political views and values of local political identities and peculiarities of their political identification. The factors that have a bad effect on the involvement of citizens in strategic planning are weak local identity, lack of initiative, different strategic goals of developing territorial communities, conflict and lack of compromise among local authorities, etc. Keywords: local political identity, territorial community, sustainable development.

RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY OF TERNOPIL REGION: CURRENT STAGE AND PROBLEMS OF RECREATION

Introduction. As a result of territorial decentralization in Ukraine, the number of administrative districts was reduced and the territorial communities were created. 55 territorial communities were created in Ternopil region, including 18 urban, 16 amalgamated and 21 rural communities. The current network of territorial communities in the region does not meet the principles declared in the Law of Ukraine “On the Formation of United Territorial Communities”. Presently, territorial communities differ significantly among themselves in terms of the number of settlements, the population and the size of the territory. The analysis of the relative indicators that characterize communities shows significant differences between communities in terms of the amount of land secured residents and labor potential, and hence the economic capacity of individual communities. The current legislation regarding the development of education, health care, social sphere and especially road construction does not always correspond to the interests of individual communities. The purpose of the study is the need to study the micro-regional resource potential of newly created administrative entities - territorial communities in order to substantiate their economic development based on their own resource potential. The results. The study has proved that the territorial communities created in the region were formed without proper justification of their economic capacity and, above all, without taking into account their resource potential. Thus, almost half of the population centers of the region, in which two thirds of its population live, are concentrated in urban territorial communities. Separate urban territorial communities were created within the former rural administrative districts. Rural territorial communities occupy only 24% of the region area and almost 14% of the region population live there, and their specific gravity in the structure of territorial communities is 40%. There are significant differences in the density of the rural population across territorial communities. Thus, there are almost 43 inhabitants in rural communities per 100 hectares of territory, 60 ones in amalgamated communities, and 34 inhabitants in urban communities. Since the past, Ternopil oblast was considered to be agricultural and industrial region. Nowadays, rural territorial communities are purely agrarian micro-regions. Modern specialization of agrarian companies does not require significant resources of live labor, therefore the labor potential of rural settlements is used partially, that is, seasonally. This especially applies to the labor resources of settlement territorial communities. In order to increase the efficiency of the available resource potential use in rural and amalgamated territorial communities and to prevent the processes leading to the reduction of the population of territorial communities, it is necessary to pay maximum attention to the creation of new jobs and the development of rural infrastructure. Conclusion. The conclusions provide proposals and recommendations for improving the activities of the executive bodies of territorial communities in relation to the rational use of land resources and the effective use and reproduction of the labor potential of territorial communities, especially rural ones.

Проблемні аспекти процесу впровадження публічних механізмів розвитку територіальних громад

Розглянуто сучасні проблемні аспекти проведення децентралізації в Україні. Доведено необхідність вирішення зазначених проблем для подальшої оптимізації регіонального зростання. Визначено особливості впровадження публічних механізмів в умовах неврегульованого розвитку територіальних громад.

ПЕРЦЕПЦІЯ НАСЕЛЕННЯ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ В УКРАЇНІ. КЕЙС КЕЛЬМЕНЕЦЬКОЇ ТА ЛІВИНЕЦЬКОЇ ГРОМАД

The ratification by Ukraine of the European Charter of Local Self-Government in 1997, and the subsequent creation of the Concept of Reforming Local Self-Government and Territorial Organization of Power in 2014 marked the beginning of a new stage in the development of our state, one of the most important tasks of which was the creation of capable, self-sufficient communities. Therefore, the importance of researching the attitudes of the community population, their perception of the changes that have taken place, ideas and expectations from the reform is unquestionable and necessary at all stages of decentralization and after its implementation. The paper presents the results of a study of the awareness and perception of residents of Kelmenetska and Livynetska territorial communities regarding certain aspects of decentralization processes. The survey involved 630 respondents, and their answers were analyzed according to their gender, age, level of education and the size of the settlements in which they live. The paper analyzes people’s feelings about the changes due to the reform of local self-government and territorial organization of power, and how exactly their lives changed after such changes. The level of awareness of the changes in the administrative-territorial structure of the region that occurred as a result of the consolidation of districts in Chernivtsi region and the formation of united territorial communities, including Kelmenetska and Livynetska within the former Kelmenetskyi district, whose residents are the respondents themselves, was determined, and their relationship was analyzed in relation to such division. The level of respondents’ willingness to take direct part in the development of their territorial community was determined. As a result of the conducted research, it was discovered, that the residents of Kelmenetska and Livynetsk communities have a high level of awareness of the administrative and territorial changes to which the reform has led. A significant number of the population did not feel the effect of bringing the authorities closer to the people and transferring budgets to the localities. On the other hand, residents of the studied communities show a significant level of social awareness and have a high level of readiness to participate in the development of their own community.

REGIONAL CONSTRUCTIVE-GEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES

Problem Statement and Purpose. The problem of rational use of regional and local features of natural conditions and natural resources in the development of modern communities is relevant; constructive-geographical and constructive-landscape research in this process should solve the problem of rational nature management within the territory of each community. In connection with the active reform of the modern economy, it is necessary to gradually move away from standard methods of using natural resources, taking into account their regional and local features, traditions and customs of economic development. This applies to any region of Ukraine. As an example – considered Podillya, and within its boundaries in more detail the Middle Transnistria. Data & Methods. For the preparation of the article the publications of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of constructive geography and landscape science on the mentioned problem, materials of Vinnytsia regional archive, field constructive-geographical researches during 2010–2020 were used. Methods: comparative-geographical, statistical, analysis and synthesis and generalization. The principle of historicism was used to analyze the dynamics of decentralization processes and the significance of the formation of united territorial communities within Middle Transnistria. The comparative-geographical approach allowed to investigate the spatial differences of regional constructive-geographical research in the economic activity of local communities. Results. It is shown that the peculiar, often unique, nature and landscape of Middle Transnistria is now used irrationally, without taking into account their regional and local specifics. It is noted that constructive and geographical studies have made it possible to develop a plan for the rational use of natural resources of Middle Transnistria by local communities, taking into account their specifics, historical traditions, customs and modern needs. It includes both the restoration of traditional and effective in the past (winemaking, horticulture, mulberry, tobacco production), the reconstruction of modern individual industries and the development of new ones (recreation, extreme tourism, modern crafts). Taking into account regional and local peculiarities of natural conditions and resources not only of Middle Transnistria, but also of any region of Ukraine is one of the directions to the prosperity of local communities, preservation and rational use of nature and landscape of their territories.

POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL COMPLEXES FORMATION FOR GROWING OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE

The formation of united territorial communities (UTC) in Ukraine creates favourable conditions for the development of territories. UTC is given more authority to manage resources and revenues and create economically viable facilities. One of such economically promising objects may be agricultural complexes because as of 2017, the Lviv region provided itself with greenhouse vegetables by only 30%, and most Ukrainian products are intended for export. Foreign experience in designing agricultural complexes is often represented by objects of mixed-use that also include public use functions. Much of the modern complexes of organic production include the function of agritourism, while in Ukraine typologically similar agro-industrial are ordinary greenhouses or fields. The territories of such agricultural complexes do not have a great variety of functional zones or landscape techniques, in contrast to foreign examples. The most common greenhouse system of cultivation is hydroponics - a method of growing plants without soil, using water with mineral nutrient solutions. The most effective subsystem is aquaponics - a combination of hydroponics and aquaculture. It needs the least additional fertilizers and is the most recirculating and self-sufficient. Based on the results of the analysis of world and Ukrainian experience, a universal functional-planning scheme of the organization of agricultural complexes for the growing of organic products based on aquaponics has been formulated. According to the derived scheme, an architectural project of an agricultural complex for the growing of organic products on a hypothetical site in the Lviv region is proposed. Taking into account modern design experience, in addition to production, public functions are also provided, in particular the possibility of holding conferences, lectures, exhibitions and trade fairs. This will form a tourist magnet in the field of environmental technology, and help in the spread of environmental awareness in society.

FORMATION OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY MODEL IN THE CONDITIONS OF UNITED TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES OF THE SOUTH OF UKRAINE

Purpose of the article. The analysis of the specificities of formation of the public library model in the conditions of creation of the united territorial communities (UTC) of the South of Ukraine. The methodology of the research is based on the complex of general methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, and modeling) and approaches (system, socio-communicative, modernization). The scientific novelty of the work is to conducta comprehensive study of the possibility of choosing libraries of Odesa, Kherson, and Mykolayiv a certain profile and their own path of development in the formation of UTC as centers of legal and regional information in the form of centers of public initiatives, socio-communication platforms, multimedia mobile libraries or multicultural centers. Conclusions. Suggestions that are based on the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed models of reforming the library network are made regarding the development of the optimal model of functioning of public libraries in the South of Ukraine, which provides for the following important elements. Firstly, automation, that is based on the development and implementation of the newest information technologies, which, in turn, activates the material and technical base modernization, organization structure, and the library staff training; providing new services or products. Secondly, renovating the activity and staff management methods. Thirdly, providing stable financing to UTC possibilities, applying marketing and advertising technologies of library activity popularization according to the UTC functioning. Next, saving the valuable stuff resource and technologies in library staff’ work. Then, organizing the UTC public library work as the informative intelligent center, cultural and leisure space, that is discovered on the Chornomorska library example. Finally, the introduction of non-stationary library services on the basis of the Law of Ukraine«On territorial communities’ cooperation». Key words: public libraries, the South of Ukraine, united territorial communities (UTC), modernization,model, profiling.

The place of small agricultural entrepreneurship in the development of amalgamated territorial communities

The place of small agricultural entrepreneurship in the development of amalgamated territorial communities

ФІСКАЛЬНА ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЯ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ МІНІМІЗАЦІЇ ПОДАТКОВИХ РОЗРИВІВ В ЕКОНОМІЦІ

Current trends in the functioning of the official and shadow sectors indicate the low effectiveness of the existing tools of state regulation of the economy and its inability to ensure long-term economic growth. One of the reasons is tax evasion, which leads to the formation of tax gaps in the economy. Their formation has a negative impact on economic development, reduces the country's budget potential, limits opportunities for funding programs. The paper substantiates that along with the regulation of tax rates, increasing the efficiency of financial monitoring procedures, assessing the probability of implementing tax evasion schemes, an important tool for minimizing tax gaps is the implementation of fiscal decentralization policy. The article analyzes the current trends in the implementation of reform of fiscal decentralization in Ukraine. The dynamics, features and advantages of the formation of united territorial communities are analyzed. It is concluded that the number of formed united territorial communities in Ukraine has been gradually decreasing since 2017. The main features of fiscal decentralization include the expansion of cooperation between individual territorial associations in the field of their economic and social development, growth of their financial potential by combining financial and investment opportunities, implementation of joint measures to regulate economic processes. The role of fiscal decentralization in the implementation of tax gap management policy is substantiated. A comparative analysis of the dynamics of changes in the main indicators of local budget revenues before and after implementation of decentralization reform in Ukraine is carried out. It is concluded that the volume of tax revenues to the state budget will be gradually reduced starting in 2015. This correlates with the beginning of the implementation of the financial decentralization reform in Ukraine. The study concludes that the implementation of decentralization reform in the country as one of the most effective tools to increase the tax potential of the territory, reduce the volume of shadow financial transactions and manage tax gaps.

Організаційно-економічні засади розвитку місцевих бюджетів в умовах реформування місцевого самоврядування (на прикладі Вінницької міської територіальної громади)

The article substantiates the impact of local government reform on the economic development of territorial communities. Emphasis is placed on the fact that local budgets are the main source of financial resources needed by local governments to perform their functions. The dynamics of the formation of united territorial communities for 2016-2020 is given. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of local budgets is noted. The scheme of economic interrelations of the local budget and a standard of living of the population of territorial community is resulted and the basic problems of their formation are allocated. The dynamics and structure of revenues and expenditures of the budget of the Vinnytsia city united territorial community for 2016-2020 are analyzed. The task of improving the development of the territorial community, which should be implemented at the state and local levels, is highlighted. A mechanism for improving the development of local budgets has been proposed, which will make it possible to use local budget funds more rationally by strengthening the competitive advantages of the local community and intensifying investment activities. The directions of development of territorial communities for the medium term in Ukraine are singled out.

ФІНАНСОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ФІНАНСОВОЇ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ В УКРАЇНІ

In order to identify the impact of changes that have been introduced as a result of decentralization, a study was conducted on the effectiveness of the formation of the revenue side of local budgets in the period before and after the beginning of local government reform. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of changes in the definition of revenues and expenditures of local budgets, the level of the ratio of expenditures made from the local budget to tax revenues has been established. There was a significant increase in the values of the indicator, which means a decrease in the level of tax capacity of local budgets. In the context of the analysis of changes in the composition and structure of local budget revenues, an increase in the differentiation of revenues to general and special funds almost doubled in the period after the changes to the budget and tax legislation. This is evidence of the growing social orientation of budgetary resources and the lack of their focus on economic development of administrative-territorial units of lower levels. The role of basic taxes in ensuring the capacity of territorial communities is determined. The transition to the use of subventions as transfers to local budgets has been noted, which indicates a decrease in the possibility for local governments to independently resolve the issue of directing funds from the provided transfers to the relevant areas. The expediency of determining the relationship of such factors as the number of inhabitants of the community and the level of its financial capacity in connection with the creation at the first stage of formation of united territorial communities as administrative-territorial units with up to 2 thousand people, and and communities with a population of 20 thousand people. As a result, communities with larger populations were found to have greater financial potential. The most effective is the formation of communities with a number of 10-25 thousand people. The reason for the formation of patterns between the number of inhabitants and financial capacity is determined, first, the presence of greater opportunities for business development, the availability of labor resources and the market for products; second, greater potential for sustainable development and infrastructure maintenance and development opportunities in large communities.

The Peculiarities of Formation of Architecture and Design of the Farmstead in Modern Conditions on the Example of the Western Region of Ukraine

The purpose of the scientific work is to determine the peculiarities of the formation of farmstead architecture and design in modern conditions of formation of united territorial communities on the example of the Western region of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, empirical theoretical methods of research and generalization are used. Rural population surveys, benchmarking, classification and generalizations were used. Studies of the modern farmstead conducted in the villages of the Western region of Ukraine have shown a great variety of farmstead development, which reflects the natural and climatic conditions, peculiarities of the life of the population, folk, religious customs and traditions. The region’s peculiar architectural forms of farmstead development are significantly influenced by the location of the territory and the frequent migration of the population abroad. Researchers have shown that residents of farmsteads are changing the way of life, living conditions and activate non-agricultural activities, for which houses and buildings for entrepreneurial and production activity are erected next to a dwelling house. Accordingly, new functional zones are allocated in the structure of the estate: sports, health, technical, sacral, entrepreneurial, production and guest. Based on the labor activity of the inhabitants of rural settlements, the typology of farmsteads was expanded: entrepreneurial, representative and bi-functional types (economic-entrepreneurial, economic-production, production-entrepreneurial and guest subtypes). It is proved that proper organization of the estate development will contribute to creating of comfortable, safe and accessible living space, preservation and multiplication of traditions and regional peculiarities in the formation of the rural environment. The topic of the study remains relevant as changes in spatial planning and integrated territorial development take place in the context of decentralization reform and the formation of united territorial communities. They are to provide the villagers with a modern level of competitive, comfortable, accessible, object-space environment of the new generation, which would meet their needs, opportunities, cultural achievements through the development of new types of farmsteads and residential homes. In order to implement the new standards, it is necessary to review the existing State Building Standards and bring them into line with EU standards.

The role of agroholdings in inclusive development of united territorial communities and districts: synergetic effect of decentralization

The aim of the article is to substantiate the synergetic relationship between the consequences of decentralization of authorities and governance constituting the formation of united territorial communities (UTCs) and new districts and the role of agricultural holdings in creating an inclusive environment within these socio-spatial formations. The methodological basis of the study consists of systemic, synergetic, geographical, socio-economic approaches, which together form an interdisciplinary research paradigm. The methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, SWOT-analysis, methods of comparison, statistics, and sociology are used to examine the processes occurring in rural areas as a result of reforming the basic and district levels of the administrative-territorial organization and their transition to the principles of inclusiveness with the active participation of agricultural holdings. The analysis of socio-economic and political processes occurring within the UTCs and districts has contributed to the identification of their orientation in the following directions: forming the rural-urban agglomerations of the convergent-continuum type; revealing the complementary relationship between agricultural, rural, and inclusive development, which forms the preconditions for the creation of welfare inclusion within the specified space; determining the dimensions of inclusive development of UTCs and districts; disclosing the priority role of agricultural holdings as activators of the process of creating inclusion, provided that they increase their social responsibility for the results of their own economic activities and establish a harmonious partnership between government, business, and society. The originality and novelty of the study lie in the use of the synergies effect in the analysis of interconnected phenomena consolidated by a single focus on the formation of the rural and inclusive environment as decent living conditions for local people, socially-oriented business, and the establishment of efficient rural self-government with the participation of large agri-food companies of the holding type. The article substantiates the conditions, directions, and ways to transform the agricultural holdings into activators of inclusive development of UTCs and districts, which can be used in the process of practical activity of local governments and business entities.

The Local Governments as a Subject of the Child Protection System in the Local Community

The article examines the organisation of local governments in the system of social protection of children in the process of decentralisation of power and the formation of united territorial communities. The biggest challenge for the authorities, after agreeing with communities and approving long-term plans, is to create a safe environment for children, who have risks and might need social assistance. As the analysis of scientific and theoretical-practical material shows, the state is now actively cooperating in this direction with international organisations and non-governmental organisations that develop projects such as «Together. Social services for families in the community» (Semikina, 2020). So, directions of the reform of social services are accessibility, overcoming difficult life circumstances, guardianship and care of children. The term «community» can be defined as an area, community of interested of people and local government and administrative-territorial unit. In the Law of Ukraine «On Social Services», the description of relevance of social services in the community and the purpose of the centre of social services as central and local authorities are specified. To conclude, the interdepartmental activities of state and public organisations related to children’s protection systems, the establishment of an interdepartmental commission aimed at identifying the children affected by violence and circumstances that may threaten their lives and health have been revealed. Thus, local governments can be considered to be part of the system of social protection of children. the establishment and development of interaction and partnership between local governments, the executive social institutions and public organizations that strengthens protection of children can be considered to be the necessary conditions for the effectiveness of the aforementioned activities.

Transformation of social relations in the process of formation of united territorial communities

This article examines the issues the difficulties of forming a united territorial community in the process of decentralization in Ukraine, the effectiveness of creating opportunities for united territorial communities in creating a system of providing them with a variety of public services by such communities, reveals existing legal uncertainties in the regulation of public relations in the united territorial communities, appropriate proposals have been made to address existing issues in the exercise of the powers of the United Territorial Communities.

TAX INSTRUMENTS FOR ENSURING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND COOPERATION OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

Topicality. Tax instruments that are aimed on stimulation of economic activity are widely used as regulators of regional territorial economic systems in developed countries, especially in the EU, and for Ukraine this practice, on the author's opinion and on the opinion of many experts in taxation sphere, will also support economic development priorities and would be appropriate and effective. The processes of voluntary formation of united territorial communities and decentralization of administrative-territorial organization in Ukraine did not bring the expected growth in the economic development of territorial economic systems and this necessitates the formation of a comprehensive policy to promote economic development of territorial complexes with special emphasis on economic growth. Supporting the priorities of economic development of regional, subregional economic systems and parts of functional areas at the basic level can be effectively implemented through tax instruments, because such measures are effective and can stimulate the rapid direction of financial, commodity, logistics, investment flows towards favorable business conditions. A promising direction for the development of territorial economic systems is the support of economic cooperation in communities, because this will provide conditions for the division of labor in the territorial dimension and will stimulate the creation of extended value chains.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the feasibility and determine the potential effectiveness of tax instruments that are to stimulate the economic development and cooperation of territorial communities in Ukraine in the context of administrative and territorial reform and according to the impact of modern challenges of the ensuring of the competitiveness of domestic economic complexes in context of integration into world economic systems.Research results. The article considers the tools of economic cooperation of communities as means of functional territories creating, which is an alternative to the process of united territorial communities forming, and as a universal mean of ensuring of the economic capacity of communities in terms of unification, which is especially relevant during the completing of decentralization reform, when delegation of all powers is provided to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.Measures of economic capacity increase of territorial communities with the use of economic cooperation tools are developed in the article, including tax, organizational, financial, informational levers that are relevant to the current conditions of development of territorial communities in Ukraine and regions. Particular attention is paid to tax measures and mechanisms that are to stimulate economic development and cooperation of local communities, as it is proved that such levers of regulation are among the most effective.Conclusion. It is determined that stimulation of investment activity, general economic development and cooperation by tax regulation measures is already possible and appropriate institutional support for such tools has already been formed, but for further introduction of a comprehensive mechanism of tax stimulation of cooperation and formation of functional territories on the basis of effective division of labor support, additional more significant and systemic changes to the current institutional environment, especially to the Tax Code of Ukraine are needed.

Local identity and "social inclusion" in the conditions of decentralization of power in Ukraine

The article is devoted to the research of problems of formation of local identity and "social inclusion" in the conditions of united territorial communities. The relevance of the problem of social exclusion in the community and its relation to human access to resources has been proved. The influence of "social inclusion / exclusion" on the processes of public involvement in solving issues of local importance, formation of social interaction and solidarity is substantiated. The peculiarities of its implementation in the context of decentralization of power and formation of united territorial communities are defined. An approach to understanding social exclusion in the community as a way of erecting barriers through which local government officials try to counteract community representatives in accessing and managing resources is disclosed. It has been established that social inclusion should be considered as a fundamental form of social interaction and a mechanism of social order reproduction in the community, in particular, through the formation of local identity. The main problems that arise in the context of social exclusion of a person from the network of socio-economic interaction in the community are identified. The factors that determine these processes are analyzed. It is proved that social inclusion is not possible without overcoming the disorientation of a person in society, forming loyalty and conformity to group goals, norms and values. This is achieved in the process of identifying with a particular social group or community (identity). Threats to the spread of social exclusion of certain territories, which find themselves in the periphery and do not receive adequate access to the distribution of resources and services, are analyzed. It is concluded that social inclusion should be an integral part of the general policy of community consolidation and the construction of its new identity.

Аналіз формування фінансових ресурсів підприємств в об’єднаних територіальних громадах

The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the formation of financial resources of enterprises in the united territorial communities of Ukraine. The purpose of the research is to reveal the essence of financial resources of enterprises and analyze their formation. To achieve this goal, theoretical and practical aspects of the formation of financial resources of enterprises operating in united territorial communities were studied. The research used an empirical method (for a comprehensive assessment of the formation of financial resources of enterprises that belong to United territorial communities), an analysis method (identified the main problems of ensuring proper financing of enterprises from the budget of United territorial communities), and an abstract-logical method (theoretically generalized and provided conclusions on the integration of agricultural enterprises with United territorial communities). The reasoning of the conclusions was based on a systematic approach, which provided a generalization of the theoretical provisions of the concept of rural development and the basic principles of decentralization, as well as an assessment of the interim results of the formation of united territorial communities in Ukraine. The advantages and potential risks of the impact of decentralization on the development of production enterprises in the united territorial communities of Ukraine are presented, which can be used to justify proposals for making adjustments to national plans for the formation of united territorial communities in order to further minimize the risks to the development of production enterprises. It is proved that the competitiveness of the agricultural sector depends directly on the management of financial resources. In turn, the availability of financial resources is a necessary condition for ensuring a continuous production process. The problems of formation and use of financial resources of agricultural enterprises in modern conditions are clarified. The indicators of economic development and investment attractiveness of the united territorial communities of Zhytomyr region in 2019 were analyzed and it was found that the communities have become able to Finance the resources of enterprises. The conclusion is made about the lack of proper state support for enterprises in the region. The main provisions set out in the article contain certain methodological and practical recommendations for the decentralization of power and its impact on the functioning and development of agricultural enterprises. In further research, attention should be paid to foreign experience in managing rural territories, united territorial communities for the implementation of public projects based on partnership between local authorities and businesses.

Regulatory provisions on forming and functioning of united territorial communities

Regulatory provisions on forming and functioning of united territorial communities