Formation Of Statehood Research Articles

Национальный лидер Якутии Г.В. Ксенофонтов и политические партии в 1917 г.

The present study examines the attitude of one of the national leaders of Yakutia G.V. Ksenofontov to the political parties operating in the Yakutsk region in 1917. A lawyer and politician G.V. Ksenofontov became one of the founders of the national party – the Yakut Labor Union of Federalists, whose program combined the ideas of a federal structure of Russia, Siberian regionalism and popular socialism. The analysis of the archives and periodicals shows that the Yakut Federalists collaborated with the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, were involved in a political struggle against local organizations of the Kadets and Social Democrats. G.V. Ksenofontov was nominated as a candidate for membership in the Constituent Assembly from the Federalist Party. During the pre-election campaign, an active polemic was waged, the Federalists criticized the Kadets and Social Democrats for their negative attitude towards the idea of federation. The Party of People's Freedom was perceived as bourgeois, and in the ideology of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party the leaders of ethnic intelligentsia were repulsed by the orientation of the Social Democrats towards the proletariat, which was practically absent in the Yakutsk region. The bloc of Socialist-Revolutionaries and Federalists operated in the government bodies and in the elections to the Constituent Assembly. The election results showed that the union of the Socialist-Revolutionaries and Federalists enjoyed support of the local population. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the history of Yakutia during the Russian Revolution of 1917 had its own characteristics. G.V. Ksenofontov contributed heavily to the political development of the region, his activity as the leader of the Federalist Party and a candidate for membership in the Constituent Assembly promoted an increase in the level of political literacy of the population, prepared the Yakut society for the transition to a new level of its development, for the formation of statehood, the creation of Yakutsk Autonomous Soviet Socialistic Republic.

Постать Ярослава Мудрого в координатах української та російської історіографій

У руслі захисту українського інформаційного простору від нав’язування російських міфів про постать Ярослава Мудрого проведено порівняльний аналіз підходів українських та російських істориків до з’ясування його ролі в державотворенні й розвитку княжої України, висвітлено основні напрями фальсифікацій та спотворень на основі методології історіографічної компаративістики. Показано, що в російській історичній науці і пропаганді, починаючи з часів В. Татіщева, М. Карамзіна, М. Погодіна, С. Соловйова та ін. до сьогодення, обґрунтовуються претензії Москви на київ­ську спадщину, заперечується роль Великого князя Київського у формуванні української державності, конструюється його образ як «собирателя русских земель» і одного з фундаторів концепції колонізаторської політики щодо розширення території Московського царства та творення «русского централизованного государства».Спростовуються глорифікація військової діяльності Ярослава Мудрого як «підкорювача інших народів», однобічні та упереджені оцінки його внеску у вироблення правових засад Києворуської держави, реформування системи влади й державного управління. Викрито мотиви замовчування в сучасній російській історичній науці ролі Великого князя в становленні й розвитку давньоукраїнської культури, писемності, освіти й духовності, яка інтерпретується як формування «русской культури» й «русского православия».Окреслено деякі нові підходи науковців щодо міждисциплінарних та джерелознавчих досліджень проблеми й подальшого розвінчування найбільш поширених фальсифікацій образу князя та його діяльності, подолання ідеологічних стереотипів та міфів, що поширювалися в українському інформаційному просторі як складника гібридної війни Росії проти України.

АРХИТЕКТУРА МОНУМЕНТОВ: СОЦИАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ВЕКТОР

The phenomenon of “a monument and a memorial space”, in the light of the widespread enthusiasm for self-identity and history, is attracting increasing attention from both the scientific communities and wide sections of citizens. The incompletely estimated value of the considered public facilities is being replenished, playing an important role in the formation of statehood, national consciousness and culture. The processes of this comprehension sometimes go through emotionally and spontaneously, ignoring the immanent cause-and-effect relationship of the “event and monument”, creating stereotypes that do not correspond to the nature of the phenomenon under consideration. Often, monuments are associated in the public view with positive impressions and glorifying motifs, understood as a sign and symbol of the state and government, while memorial and memorial museum complexes necessarily carry memorable messages about the dramatic and tragic pages of history. The perception of the truth of the essence of modern architectural glorification complicates the appearance in recent decades of new memorable objects, expressed in an unusual architectural and artistic language, in which the semantic content does not correspond to their traditional purpose – the glorification of state and national feats, a hero or a reminder of a national tragedy. They narrate about new topics. The purpose of this article is to determine the validity of such judgments and to consider new precedents in the practice and evolution of the monument and memorial.

К ВОПРОСУ О ПРАВОВОМ СТАТУСЕ СОВЕТА МИНИСТРОВ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КРЫМ

The article examines certain aspects of the formation of statehood in the Republic of Crimea after joining the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the historical aspects of the formation of the system of executive authorities of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, establishes the historical relationships and continuity of the executive authorities of the Republic of Crimea during the stay of Crimea as part of Ukraine and after the events of the «Crimean spring». A systematic approach is applied, which allows transforming the system of executive authorities into an object with its own structure of structure, structure of organization, structure of functioning. The article examines the status of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Crimea in the structure of government bodies, its powers, and the procedure for its functioning. The article analyzes the norms of the legislation of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Crimea, which regulate the formation and activity of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Crimea.

Agriculture as a factor of sustainable development in the Republic of South Ossetia

In the recent history of the Republic of South Ossetia many projects aimed at providing the financial and economic basis for the country’s sustainable development have been put forward. Some experts believed that the revenues from exporting mineral water alone are sufficient for the economic prosperity of South Ossetia; other experts suggested developing forestry in order to fill the state budget. Many hopes were also attached to the creation of modern production facilities based on nanotechnology and electronics. However, potential investors considered the initiated high-tech production to be high-risk, and the implemented projects in the light and construction industries did not bring expected benefits. Agriculture of South Ossetia has sharply declined after the wars in the course of formation of statehood 1991-1992 and 2008, but with an effective state policy for the integrated development of rural areas in the near future it can ensure the country’s food security, create a basis for further competitive development of the economy, and facilitate the return of the country’s residents who migrated as a result of two wars. Based on the international experience of state support, the article defines the factors of sustainable development of rural areas in the Republic of South Ossetia.

Non-state actors and change in foreign policy: the case of a self-determination referendum in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

This article bridges the gap between referenda and foreign policy, emphasizing the role of non-state entities as (f)actors of change in the formulation of foreign policy. Using a multi-layered (rather than a normative) analysis, it examines the Kurdistan Region of Iraq as a novel, non-state case in the international relations and foreign policy analysis literature. It argues that referenda can be pursued by non-state entities, not just state actors, and analyses the parameters of the Kurdistan Regional Government’s (KRG’s) unilateral declaration and conduct of the 2017 referendum. It perceives referenda as tools for the formulation and possible facilitation of foreign policy objectives and, in particular, claims to the formation of statehood undertaken by a non-state entity. The study, therefore, pursues a multi-level analysis looking at the contributing dynamics at the domestic, regional and international levels which demonstrate the impact of referenda on foreign policy-making and examines the catalyst role of the unit level that stands out as a determining factor.

Evaluation the Role of Media and Language Policy in the Stabilization of Interethnic Relations at the Present Stage: The Example of a Multinational Kazakhstan

Background: Theoretical and practical study of technologies for preventing and regulating inter-ethnic conflicts is an urgent problem for multinational Kazakhstan, which is undergoing the stage of statehood formation. The aim of the research is to analyze the place and role of democratic mass media and language policy in the system of mechanisms for improving national relations and to identify the main levers of influence on the formation of the language environment.
 Objectives: The object of the research is the analysis of the influence of mass media on the improvement of interethnic relations and aspects of the formation of the language environment as a factor in the development of interethnic relations.
 Method: The main research methods were expert evaluation, principles of unity and development, system and comparative analysis, socio-political and functional approaches, historical and comparative method, and content analysis.
 Results: The scientific result of the study was to identify the influence of mass media and language policy on the formation of civil society in a multinational Kazakhstan.It also reveals the dynamics of the language situation in the regions of the country in terms of its impact on inter-ethnic relations and determines the role of the language factor in the structure of ethnic identity of the largest ethnic groups in Kazakhstan.
 Conclusion: The results of this study can be used in the analysis of ethnopolitical situations in the regions of Kazakhstan, in the process of training journalists.

Stages of Estonian Statehood Formation: from the Overthrow of the Autocracy to the Paris Peace Conference, 1917—1919

Stages of Estonian Statehood Formation: from the Overthrow of the Autocracy to the Paris Peace Conference, 1917—1919

Dynamics of the concept CANADA in English-Canadian poetic texts of the 18th–21st centuries

The article deals with the trends of historical dynamics of linguistic and cognitive characteristics of the concept Canada in English-Canadian poetic texts of the 18th–21st centuries. This research deploys a complex semantic and cognitive analysis of its lexical-semantic nominative means of poetic texts. As a result specific features of national, cultural and author’s knowledge encoded in the poetic texts are identified and classified. The lexical nominative means of the concept Canada are viewed in terms of two groups of nominative means: direct and figurative. All the nominations are classified according to several criteria. Direct and figurative nominative means of the concept Canada variously characterize physical, geographical, territorial, demographic, social, political, historical, and cultural features of the Canadian state. The variability in priority of thematic nomination groups of the concept Canada in different historical periods of the statehood formation reveals the influence of the extralingual factors on the authors’ selection of nominative means of the concept Canada. The concept Canada combines the features of both a literary, cultural and a toponymic concept. It has been modeled as a complex two-component structure that includes a sensory-notional and a figurative component. Historically conditioned transformations of the structural components of the concept Canada is interpreted in terms of its invariant and diachronically variable linguistic and cognitive characteristics. During three periods of Canadian history, the transformations of the structural components of the concept Canada reveal themselves as either the hierarchic shifts of the literary concepts-slots in the sensory-notional component or as the variability of the set of conceptual metaphors in its figurative component.

Research of court evidence of the time of Kievan Rus accomplished by professor O. I. Paliumbetskyi (1811-1897)

The objective of the article is to highlight the scientific work of Professor O. I. Paliumbetskyi in the field of the history of Old Russian law. This objective is specified in the following tasks: to show how the witnesses testimonies were evaluated by scholars; what significance he gave to probations in the system of court evidence of the time of Kievan Rus; where he saw the peculiarities of the Russian legislation regarding court evidence in comparison with the German one.
 The scientific novelty of the article is the fact that it first reveals the essence of the scientific contribution of O. I. Paliumbetskyi to the study of the judicial process of the Kievan Rus period.
 The author has demonstrated what kind of court evidence of this time he considered the basic, in particular, the author has revealed his understanding of the value of witness testimony (including outcomes and obituaries), probations and oaths. The scholar has stressed that the development of justice largely depended on the formation of statehood in Russia – there was the evolution of the legal process with its genesis. O. I. Paliumbetskyi drew attention to the fact that the distinctive feature of the most ancient laws of many peoples was the identity of private and criminal law, according to which all decisions regarding private relations between individuals were at the same time criminal law, and certain punishment was provided for their violation. The researcher has shown that the testimony of witnesses in Old Russian law served as the basis of the whole system, and all other evidence was related to it. Considering the significance of the oath in legal proceedings of that period, O. I. Paliumbetskyi noted that the right to prove by the oath in the old Russian laws equally belonged to both the indictor and the accused. The first used it when he was not able to provide any evidence, even imperfect, and the latter used the oath as a mean of purging from the evidence against him. The scholar pointed out that the fight between the parties, according to the Russian law, was used in the absence of evidence of a plaintiff and, moreover, served as evidence for a defendant, who could replace it with other means of defense, except for the oath. O. I. Paliumbetskyi came to the conclusion that the influence of German legislation on the Old Russian one in relation to the system of court evidence was insignificant.

Прусское влияние на формирование японской государственности периода Реставрации Мэйдзи 1868–1888 гг.

<p>Во внутренней политике современной Японии заметно не только влияние неоконфуцианских догматов, но и германской трактовки идеи централизованной государственности. Это восходит к годам правления императора Мэйдзи (1868–1912), когда японская элита заинтересовалась идеями прусского канцлера Отто фон Бисмарка. Период Мэйдзи ознаменовался и началом становления Японской империи в качестве великой мировой державы с приматом национальных интересов.</p><p>Реставрация Мэйдзи должна была стимулировать преодоление раздробленности страны. В работе над японской конституцией активное участие принимали немецкие правоведы. Правящая японская элита оказалась весьма восприимчива к германской идее создания в Японии жесткой авторитарной системы правления, подкрепленной конкретными рекомендациями идеологического характера.</p><p>Помимо этого, проводилась военная реформа. Прусская идеологическая доктрина военной службы во имя императора послужила весьма удобной формой, реальным содержанием которой стало развивающееся эффективное диалектическое единство традиционных синтоистских ценностей и неоконфуцианских моральных норм.</p><p>Японская школа этого периода стала основой формирования новой государственности со своими национальными особенностями, но детально скопировавшей сложившийся прусский педагогический опыт.</p>Глубокая «прививка» прусского опыта и сокрушительное поражение во Второй мировой войне сыграли свою заметную роль с точки зрения того, что снова, как и в период Реставрации Мэйдзи, предоставили шанс Японии найти собственный неповторимый путь национального возрождения. В отличие от Германии, в Японии постепенно набирала силу тенденция непременно вернуть себе «нормальное государство». Поэтому сегодня вновь повсеместно возрастает интерес к философским ценностям периода Реставрации Мэйдзи.<em> </em>

LEGAL REGULATION OF EDUCATION IN THE WESTERN UKRAINIAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC

The legal sources and features of education issues regulation in the Western Ukrainian People's Republic (further – ZUNR) are researched. The historical preconditions of statehood formation on the territory of Western Ukraine are shown; the role and features of the State Secretariat of Education and Creed are determined. The activity of the heads of the Secretariat – O. Barvinsky and A. Artymovych, are analyzed. Under their governance former Austrian educational institutions were declared state-owned and a number of national Ukrainian educational institutions and teachers' seminaries were nationalized and Ukrainian was used as an instruction language at schools. The secretariat was divided into four divisions: special (professional) schools, public schooling, secondary schools and gymnasiums as well as the division of confessional affairs. It published «The Herald of the State Secretariat of Education and Creed» which contained the Secretariat's orders on appointment and promotion at work, as well as projects of predictable changes in the education system, etc. The law «On the basis of schooling» of February 13, 1919, was one of the most important legal acts regulating educational issues. It stipulated that all public schools in the Western region of the Ukrainian People's Republic were state-owned, and teachers were civil servants. Ukrainian was determined to be the instruction language in all public schools, as well as the state language in all governmental institutions, moreover, national minorities were allowed to teach in their mother tongue. The lack of experienced teaching staff was sharply felt, and therefore, people without university degree were hired frequently. The authorities of ZUNR as well paid attention to the social protection of teachers, and for this purpose a number of legislative acts concerning wages, pensions and various benefits were adopted. All teachers of public schools were supposed to make an official oath of allegiance to the state and the people. In conclusion, the leaders of the Western Ukrainian People's Republic understood the significance of education in the creation of Ukrainian statehood, took care of its development, and ensured its legal regulation in the form of laws and orders. Though, they were lacking skilled personnel, material resources and funds for the effective development of education.

Державотворча проблематика в друкованих ЗМІ початку ХХ століття

Досліджується український пресовий дискурс початку ХХ століття як актуальний науковий об’єкт через непересічне значення для формування українства, підготовку передумов для української революції та відстоювання її завоювань. Автором важливою його частиною вважаються публікації, присвячені українському духовному відродженню, мовно-культурологічній проблематиці як фундаменту та інструменту виборювання української державності. Період неодноразово привертав увагу істориків (В. Верига, Д. Дорошенко, Г. Касьянов, П. Губа, В. Меша), маємо глибокі й комплексні наукові дослідження журналістикознавців (І. Крупський, І. Михайлин, Н. Сидоренко, М. Тимошик, П. Федоришин), однак існує потреба поглиблення розуміння окремих аспектів проблеми, уточнення акцентів через можливість залучення до наукового обігу нових видань, фактологічних даних, коригування на цій основі певних історичних оцінок.Завданнями статті є диференціація тематичних напрямів боротьби за утвердження державності України в демократично-національній пресі початку ХХ століття; окреслення проблемно-тематичних і жанрових конструктів пресової боротьби за утвердження української мови як важливого засобу націє- і державотворення; аналіз системи прийомів і засобів, використовуваних авторами і редакціями демократичних українських видань, зокрема щоденної безпартійної газети «Відродження», українських сатиричних журналів «Будяк», «Ґедз», «Реп’яхи».Окреслюються тематичні напрями пресової боротьби за утвердження державності України на початку ХХ століття. Аналізується відображення в україн­сь­кій періодиці (газеті «Відродження», сатиричних журналах «Ґедз», «Будяк», «Реп’яхи») одного із важливих її аспектів — відстоювання державної мови. Встановлюються проблемно-тематичні, жанрові конструкти репрезентації в друкованих ЗМІ проблеми запровадження української мови як важливого засобу націє- і державотворення. Описується роль української демократичної преси у формуванні й систематизації норм української мови, розширенні сфери її побутування.

Особенности гражданского общества в России

The history of political thought is not only a way to study the laws of social development, but also is the basis for the analysis of the available political situation. The Russian Federation and its political life are in a phase of transformation and reformation of the vector of its development. Any people should have prior experience as a model to move forward. The formation of civil society is defined in modern political practice and theoretical research in modern Russia as one of the most important tasks for the new political system. Civil society is formed in close intertwining with the formation of statehood. Their mutual influence and isolation reflect both the world and national experience of the Russian Federation. At the same time, however, there are a number of fundamental questions about the attitude of the state and civil society, the need for the very existence of civil society, its structural elements. The solution to these issues involves the solution of the following research tasks: Analysis of political, legal and economic theories of XVI-XX centuries characterizing the possibility of existence and peculiarities of civil society in Russia. Conducting sociological research aimed at studying the social space of civil society in the region, the involvement of citizens in the activities of non-profit organizations and the attitude of citizens to the innovative development of the country. In the course of the study it was found that the citizens interviewed characterized by “Philistine type”, the features of which ― high solidarity only in the immediate environment. At the same time, people of this type have a low level of trust in society as a whole and a weak sense of responsibility for what is happening even at the middle social distance. The prevalence of this type of inhabitants, including young people, indicates the lack of a social basis for the development of civil society. The public s demand for civic initiatives outside the narrow circle is very small. In addition, the organizers used the weak channels of communication with the population.

Formation of the Post-Soviet Statehood in Central Asia

The features of formation of statehood in Central Asia in the post-Soviet period are discussed in this article. The author makes the assumption that the Central Asian region has lost the homogeneity, said by researches. The way of construction of nation-states after the collapse of the Soviet Union is traced in this article. Also, it tells about the role of clans and family relations in Central Asia.

Становлення і розвиток законодавства України про державну службу в умовах проголошених реформ

The article deals with the formation and development of the legislation of Ukraine on state service, examines the current trends in the development of legislation, its formation through the prism of the latest legislation, the impact on the reformation and further formation of this institute in the implementation of the Law of Ukraine “About The State Service” adopted in 2015. The author notes that simultaneously with the formation of statehood in Ukraine there was a process of development and formation of the state service institute. In modern conditions, modernization of the state service is based on the principles of recently adopted normative legal acts regulating all system of public administration, in particular: a) institutional changes involve the creation of sustainable institutions of public participation in the processes of preparation and adoption of government management decisions, adjustments of decisions and procedures of their implementation by the authorities, as well as the formation of feedback mechanisms adopted and supported by the society; b) staff changes consist of maintaining the stability of the management system by appointing managers oriented to work with the current management team and have clearly set tasks for the development (regulation) of the area under their management. This means the redistribution of positions and powers between the authorities, including the creation of new ones, without changing the nature of their activities within the existing functions (powers); c) functional changes represent a set of management technologies, rationalize the internal procedures of the authorities, but do not affect the level and quality of political (strategic) decisions, as well as the way of executing an order from “above” the most economically.

ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЯКОСТІ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ

The article emphasizes the need for orientation of higher education in Ukraine to meet the educational needs of the individual, to restore the intellectual, spiritual potential of the nation, the output of domestic science, technology and culture to world European levels, the formation of statehood and democracy in society, the provision of the labor market by highly skilled and competitive specialists. The condition for ensuring such orientation is the change in the relevant quality indicators of higher education through the change in the national idea of higher education; the development of higher education should be subject to the laws of a market economy; Higher education development should be considered in the context of trends in the development of world educational systems, including Western European ones. A group of standards has been negotiated under the terms of guaranteeing the quality of higher education - these are standards for the internal quality assurance of institutions of higher education; - standards for external quality assurance of institutions of higher education; - European Standards for External Agencies for Quality Assurance in Higher Education. The process of assessing the quality of higher education in Ukraine, which is conducted under internal and external procedures, is investigated, namely: - the process of internal evaluation includes systematic collection of administrative information, interviews of students and graduates, informal discussions with teachers and students; - The component of external evaluation is the attendance of the faculty by the control group to determine the quality of teaching and teaching. External observers are teachers or people of professional background who, based on communication with students and young researchers, make a final report. Within the framework of the definition of psychological and pedagogical conditions for improving the quality of higher education in Ukraine, it is proposed to use the experience of the quality assurance system in European countries, namely: - a culture of quality assurance: availability of strategy, policy and atmosphere of internal quality assurance of higher education institutions; - culture of quality assurance: the autonomy of institutions of higher education as a prerequisite for the effectiveness of quality assurance processes; - culture of quality assurance: external quality assurance as a function of an independent agency and the direction of external quality assessment to improve the performance of institutions of higher education; - Motivation for quality assurance; - quality assurance of scientific activity: from the index of quotes to peer review; - the interaction of universities with stockholders; - reform of the third cycle of higher education; - Internationalization as a tool for quality assurance; - the role of students in the processes of quality assurance.

The Republic of Abkhazia as an Unrecognized State

The international legal right of peoples to self-determination is an integral part of the basis for the formation of an independent state. The most acute problems are with those regions that seceded from the Soviet Union in political and military conflicts and now seek recognition of sovereign status. Until the middle of XX century, such recognition was achieved following global military conflict, and then following the struggle against colonialism. In the past three decades, it has been associated mostly with the destruction of totalitarian regimes. This study is analysis the formation of the unrecognized state and historical, political and legal processes in a changing world political environment, and the implementation of the right of peoples to self-determination. The modern search for optimal forms of self-determination subject to the ideas of external and internal forms predetermines the scientific analysis of the historical political and legal formation of statehood in the territories for which the implementation of the right of peoples to selfdetermination is problematic. Here we examine the example of the Republic of Abkhazia. The methodological basis of research is the systemic approach that allows a holistic view of political and legal processes in the state. We also use comparative, structuralfunctional and historical approaches. The current status of the Republic of Abkhazia at its present stage of development is “denied,” which affects its political and legal system, characterized by a mixture of traditional and modern state and legal institutions. The state and the law in Abkhazia largely depend on the geopolitical situation in the region and the world, as well as the political systems of its neighbors and strategic allies. Quite a large role in the formation of Abkhazian statehood and its legal system is played by the Russian Federation, which has influenced power structures of the Republic of Abkhazia so as to integrate them into a single economic, political and legal space. Conclusions: The state and the legal system of the Republic of Abkhazia are in a state of transition and undergoing synchronization with the state and legal system of the Russian Federation in in order to establish a sovereign state. The status of an unrecognized state makes it impossible for the Republic of Abkhazia to fully participate in international processes and slows down the possible impact of international legal institutions on its state legal system.

SPIRITUAL ASPECTS OF V. LIPINSKY’S STATE CONCEPT IN THE INTERPRETATION OF I. MIRCHUK

The article analyzes the views of I. Mirchuk on the philosophical doctrine of V. Lipinsky through the prism of the Ukrainian spirituality and mentality. I. Mirchuk called the antaeism a key component of the Ukrainian spirituality, which affected the development of the state-political life of the Ukrainian nation. That particular feature of the objective spirit of the Ukrainian people, according to the thinker, has been the cause of both positive and negative tendencies in the formation of statehood. The close connection between the Ukrainians and the land afforded ground for V. Lipinsky to give the role of the bearer of the modern Ukrainian state to the peasant farmer. In addition, the merit of V. Lipinsky according to I. Mirchuk, was that he put his national theory of statehood on his own motivations. Another sign of the spirituality of Ukrainians, to which I. Mirchuk drew particular attention, was the concept of messianism, formed by V. Lipinsky. I. Mirchuk was one of the first, who explained the essence of this concept of the thinker, which was that the leading stratum, and the whole nation behind it, consider themselves called by the highest forces to make an extremely important, predestined mission in the history of humanity. I. Mirchuk defined V. Lipinsky’s messianism as a form of love for his neighbor, transferred from the sphere of individual relationships to the large masses of peoples.

Physical Culture of Ancient Ukraine-Rus

Topicality. In theory, the information of this research of basic public functions, performing folk games and entertainment in ancient Slavs, extremely important for understanding their historical origins, influence upon the formation of the Ukrainian nation and specification of separate facts, information and evidence for a coherent system of knowledge about the physical culture of Ancient Rus. It is particularly important for the further development of national sports and their popularization and introductioninto the global emulative practice, raising patriotic spirit of modern youngpeopleby means of undeservedly forgotten national folk games. Formulation of the Problem. The emergence of physical exercises and games in the ancient peoples inhabiting the territory of our country refers to the time of the primitive-communal system. Physical culture during antiquity and during the early Middle Ages played an important role in the life of many civilizations and cultures, ethnic groups and peoples, tribes and genera. It reigned in all spheres of human life.It influenced the formation of statehood, religion, life, helped to train the army, formed morals in society, preserved the identity of the nation, etc. The purpose of this research is to systematize the disparate information by the author's collective on the basis of the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and the generalization of information about the applied, military and initiative value of the Slavs physical training of the KievanRus times. Conclusions. Thus, according to the written evidences and sources of oral folk art, we can state that at the time of the establishment of the Kiev statehood and in the future, the Slavic people had their highly developed system of physical education. Initially, it was a synthetic element, and later it became as an independent stratum of All-Rus culture, which contributed to the development of the Old Rus ethnic group, performed a variety of industrial and applied functions, solved the military problem and helped to self-identify in the future an independent and freedom-loving nation.