Национальный лидер Якутии Г.В. Ксенофонтов и политические партии в 1917 г.

Abstract

The present study examines the attitude of one of the national leaders of Yakutia G.V. Ksenofontov to the political parties operating in the Yakutsk region in 1917. A lawyer and politician G.V. Ksenofontov became one of the founders of the national party – the Yakut Labor Union of Federalists, whose program combined the ideas of a federal structure of Russia, Siberian regionalism and popular socialism. The analysis of the archives and periodicals shows that the Yakut Federalists collaborated with the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, were involved in a political struggle against local organizations of the Kadets and Social Democrats. G.V. Ksenofontov was nominated as a candidate for membership in the Constituent Assembly from the Federalist Party. During the pre-election campaign, an active polemic was waged, the Federalists criticized the Kadets and Social Democrats for their negative attitude towards the idea of federation. The Party of People's Freedom was perceived as bourgeois, and in the ideology of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party the leaders of ethnic intelligentsia were repulsed by the orientation of the Social Democrats towards the proletariat, which was practically absent in the Yakutsk region. The bloc of Socialist-Revolutionaries and Federalists operated in the government bodies and in the elections to the Constituent Assembly. The election results showed that the union of the Socialist-Revolutionaries and Federalists enjoyed support of the local population. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the history of Yakutia during the Russian Revolution of 1917 had its own characteristics. G.V. Ksenofontov contributed heavily to the political development of the region, his activity as the leader of the Federalist Party and a candidate for membership in the Constituent Assembly promoted an increase in the level of political literacy of the population, prepared the Yakut society for the transition to a new level of its development, for the formation of statehood, the creation of Yakutsk Autonomous Soviet Socialistic Republic.